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1、内蒙古工业大学2012届毕业设计（论文）·外文翻译RoboticstechnologytrendsBy:JimPinto,SanDiego,CA.USAWhenitcomestorobots,realitystilllagssciencefiction.But,justbecauserobotshavenotliveduptotheirpromiseinpastdecadesdoesnotmeanthattheywillnotarrivesoonerorlater.Indeed,theconfluenceofseveraladvancedtechnologiesisbring
2、ingtheageofroboticsevernearer-smaller,cheaper,morepracticalandcost-effectiveBrawn,Bone&BrainThereare3aspectsofanyrobot:·Brawn–strengthrelatingtophysicalpayloadthatarobotcanmove.·Bone–thephysicalstructureofarobotrelativetotheworkitdoes;thisdeterminesthesizeandweightoftherobotinrelationtoitsp
3、hysicalpayload.·Brain–roboticintelligence;whatitcanthinkanddoindependently;howmuchmanualinteractionisrequired.Becauseofthewayrobotshavebeenpicturedinsciencefiction,manypeopleexpectrobotstobehuman-likeinappearance.Butinfactwhatarobotlookslikeismorerelatedtothetasksorfunctionsitperforms.Aloto
4、fmachinesthatlooknothinglikehumanscanclearlybeclassifiedasrobots.Andsimilarly,somehuman-lookingrobotsarenotmuchbeyondmechanicalmechanisms,ortoys.Manyearlyrobotswerebigmachines,withsignificantbrawnandlittleelse.Oldhydraulicallypoweredrobotswererelegatedtotasksinthe3-Dcategory–dull,dirtyandda
5、ngerous.Thetechnologicaladvancessincethefirstindustryimplementationhavecompletelyrevisedthecapability,performanceandstrategicbenefitsofrobots.Forexample,bythe1980srobotstransitionedfrombeinghydraulicallypoweredtobecomeelectricallydrivenunits.Accuracyandperformanceimproved.12内蒙古工业大学2012届毕业设计
6、（论文）·外文翻译IndustrialrobotsalreadyatworkThenumberofrobotsintheworldtodayisapproaching1,000,000,withalmosthalfthatnumberinJapanandjust15%intheUS.Acoupleofdecadesago,90%ofrobotswereusedincarmanufacturing,typicallyonassemblylinesdoingavarietyofrepetitivetasks.Todayonly50%areinautomobileplants,wi
7、ththeotherhalfspreadoutamongotherfactories,laboratories,warehouses,energyplants,hospitals,andmanyotherindustries.Robotsareusedforassemblingproducts,handlingdangerousmaterials,spray-painting,cuttingandpolishing,inspectionofproducts.Thenumberofrobotsusedin
