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1、法治与人治的较量--兼论德治内容提要:长期以来,人们总觉得法治是最好的治理方式,而将人治、德治避而不提。最近,江泽民同志提出的依法治国与以德治国相结合的新主张,从而使人治、法治、德治三者之间的关系如何处理,成为理论界和实务界急需解决的一个问题。本文试图从人治与法治之争着手,在理清了二者的关系之后,再讨论德治,以期获取解决这一问题的一条捷径。全文共分五个部分,第一部分是导论,由抗击非典斗争引出对法治优越论的置疑,并联系江泽民的法治德治相结合的新主张,提出法治存有不足,人治法治各有所长,应从历史角度加以审视;第二至四部分是正
2、文,分别探讨中西方古代、中世纪及近代、现代这三个不同的历史时期人治法治的理论与实践,主要介绍了古希腊和中国先秦时期、罗马帝国和中国封建社会、中世纪及近代西方、近代中国、前苏联和新中国这几大块的人治、法治之争。第五部分是结论,先总结前面的内容,提出人治与法治是可以结合的,并由此对江泽民同志提出的依法治国与 以德治国相结合的新主张作深入分析,主张德治与法治并无太大关系,德治是人治的主要表现形式。主题词:法治;人治;德治Abstract:Foralongtime,peoplealwaysthinkthatitisthebes
3、tadministrationwaytoundertheruleoflaw,andrulebymen、theruleofvirtuebeavoidedwithoutmentioning.Recently,ComradeJiangZeminputforwardnewopinionthatrunningthecountryaccordingtolawandrunningthecountrywithmoralitybecombinedtogether,makinghowrelationofthreedealwithruleof
4、men,ruleoflaw,ruleofvirtuebecomeaproblembadlyinneedofsolutionoftheorycircleandpracticecircle.Thisarticleattempttosetaboutfromthebattlebetweenruleofmenandruleoflaw,afterclarfytherelationoftwo,itisdiscussedtheruleofvirtue,inthehopeofobtainashortcuttosolvethisproble
5、m.Thearticledivideintofivepartsaltogether,thefirstpartistheintroduction,itisquotedfromthestruggleagainstSARSthattherewasandoubtofthetheoryofruleoflawissuperior,GettingintouchwiththenewopinionthatruleoflawandruleofvirtuebecombinedtogetherproposedbyJiangZemin,itisp
6、roposedthatruleoflawhavingdeficiency,ruleofmenandruleoflawhavetheirownstrongpointseach,shouldbeexaminedfromthehistoricalangleclosely;ArrangefromtheSecondtothefourthpartisthemaintext,itisprobedintothetheoryandpracticeunderruleoflawandruleofmeninChineseandWesternsi
7、deinthreedifferenthistoricalperiods(ancienttimes,MiddleAges,moderntimes)separately,IntroducedthebattlebetweenruleofmenandruleoflawinancientGreeceandperiodforwardtoQin,RomeempireandChinesefeudalsociety,MiddleAgesandmodernWest,modernChina,theformerSovietUnion,NewCh
8、ina.Thefifthpartistheconclusion,itissummarizedabovecontentfirstly,proposedthatruleofmenandruleoflawbecombined,andthereforemakeadeepanalysisonthenewopinionthatr