既判力与第19条【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文：RESJUDICATAANDRULE19Of：WilliamJKattFrom：NorthwesternUniversityLawReviewVol,103,No1.Hislegalinterestsareprotected;thereforehewillbeboundbyresjudicata.2.Hewillbeboundbyresjudicata;thereforehislegalinterestsarenotprotected.Ofcourse,eitherhisinterestsareprotectedortheyarenot—butnotboth.Theheartof

2、theproblemliesintheinteractionbetweenRule;19andresjudicata.Rule19requiresanabsentpersontobejoinedifthatperson'sabilitytoprotecthisinterestsisimpairedbynotbeingaparty.Somecourtshaveheldthatthebindingeffectofresjudicataonanabsent;personsatisfiesthisimpairmentrequirement,thusrequiringtheabsentpersontob

3、ejoined.Abasicprincipleofresjudicata,however,isthatanabsentpersonwillonlybeboundifheisinprivitywithaparty.'Privityexistsbetweenapartyandanabsentpersonifthatpartyadequatelyrepresents,andthereforeprotects,theabsentperson'sinterests.Thus,bydefinition,beingboundbyresjudicatameansanabsentperson'sinterest

4、swereprotectedandhisabilitytoprotecthisinterestswasnotimpaired.Itisillogicalfoi-courtstorequireaperson'sjoinderbysayingthathewillbeboundbyresjudicatabecausetherelevantportionofRule19onlyrequiresjoinderwhenanabsentperson'sabilitytoprotecthisinterestsisimpaired.Despitetheclearlogicalinconsistencyinusi

5、ngresjudicataas¡abasisforjoinder,thecircuitcourtsaresplitontheissue.Asecondjustificationfortheuseofresjudicataasabasisforjoindermightbethattheexpandingbreadthofresjudicata'hasmadecourtswaryofafuturecourtinvokingthedoctrineagainsttheabsentpersoninquestion.Underthisjustification,thecourtwilldeemanabse

6、ntpersonnecessaryifthereisachancealatercourtwillbindhimtothejudgmentinthe¡presentcase.Althoughthisjustificationcarriesmoreweightthanthefirst,itisstillproblematic.Theproblemboilsdowntotheoldadage,twowrongsdon'tmakearight.Ifcourtsareconcernedabouttheexpansionofresjudicataajudge-madeissuedistortingRule

7、19isnottheproperwayto¡addressthatconcern.Instead,courtsshouldattempttoreinintheapplicationofresjudicataitselfindeed,shortlybeforethepublicationofthisComnient;theSupremeCourtissueditsfirstcomprehensive