基于dea方法的国家r&d项目多重目标绩效评价比较【外文翻译】

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1、ComparativeevaluationofperformanceofnationalR&Dprogramswithheterogeneousobjectives:ADEAapproach来源：EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch196(2009)847–855HakyeonLeea,YongtaeParka,*,HoogonChoiAbstractThestrategicimportanceofperformanceevaluationofnationalR&Dprogramsishighlightedastheresourceallo

2、cationdrawsmoreattentioninR&Dpolicyagenda.DuetotheheterogeneityofnationalR&Dprograms’objectives,however,itisintractablydifficulttorelativelyevaluatemultipleprogramsand,consequently,fewstudieshavebeenconductedontheperformancecomparisonoftheR&Dprograms.Thisstudymeasuresandcomparestheperforman

3、ceofnationalR&Dprogramsusingdataenvelopmentanalysis(DEA).SinceDEAallowseachDMUtochoosetheoptimalweightsofinputsandoutputswhichmaximizeitsefficiency,itcanmirrorR&Dprograms’uniquecharacteristicsbyassigningrelativelyhighweightstothevariablesinwhicheachprogramhasstrength.EveryprojectineveryR&Dp

4、rogramisevaluatedtogetherbasedontheDEAmodelforcomparisonofefficiencyamongdifferentsystems.Kruskal–WallistestwithaposthocMann–WhitneyUtestisthenruntocompareperformanceofR&Dprograms.Twoalternativeapproachestoincorporatingtheimportanceofvariables,theARmodelandoutputintegration,arealsointroduce

5、d.TheresultsareexpectedtoprovidepolicyimplicationsforeffectivelyformulatingandimplementingnationalR&Dprograms.1.IntroductionAsR&Dhasbeenconsideredasadrivingforcefornationalcompetitiveadvantage,manycountrieshavebeenraisingR&DinvestmentsthroughvariousnationalR&Dprograms(Leeetal.,1996).SinceR&

6、Dinvestmentisoneofthemostdecisiveelementsinpromotingscientificandtechnologicalprogress(WangandHuang,2007),theeffectiveuseofthelimitedR&DresourcescanberegardedasaprerequisiteforbenefitingfromformulationandimplementationofnationalR&Dprograms.Thus,performanceevaluationsofR&Dprogramsneedtobemad

7、esothatthelimitedresourcesareallocatedtopromisingR&DprogramsandpoorR&Dprogramscanbeimprovedorterminated.AlthoughanumberofstudieshavebeenconductedtomeasureR&Dperformanceatvariouslevels,fewattemptshavebeenmadeatthenationalprogram-level.Thisisduetothehetero