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1、摘要现在,玩具电动车要么是只能实现直线前进的,要么是带遥控装置的开环控制的,能够实现或前进、或后退、或左转、或右转的功能。能够显示运行状态、里程(圈数)并实现报警的却为数不多。本文的主要研究工作是设计和实现基于单片机STC89C51的智能玩具电动车,包括其硬件和软件两个部分。硬件电路部分主要包括控制器、信号检测电路、避障电路、电机驱动电路、显示电路、电源电路等,通过软件编程控制小车实现前进、后退、加速、减速、左转、右转和车灯闪烁等功能,并在小车行进中很好地实现避障,里程、行进方向显示和报警。本文是把当前一般的玩具电动车作为基础,增加各
2、种传感器,如光电传感器、红外传感器、超声波传感器等,利用传感器构成的信号检测电路实时检测电动车的运行速度、运行位置、运行状况,单片机接收并处理信号检测电路检测到的各种数据,然后由单片机发出指令控制电动小车运行。该智能玩具小车能够实现的功能有:实时准确地显示温度、显示里程,能够实现语音控制,自动循迹和避障,能够自动调节行驶速度并精确停车。关键词:智能,玩具电动车,单片机,软件设计IIABSTRACTNow,electrictoyiseithercanonlyachieveastraightforward,eitherwithremote
3、controldeviceforopenloopcontrol,canachieveorforward,orback,orleft,orrightfunction.Tobeabletodisplayoperatingstatus,mileage(LAPS)andalarmhoweveramounttoisnotmuch.ThemainresearchworkofthisthesisistodesignandimplementbasedonSTC89C51single-chipmicrocomputerintelligenttoycar
4、,includingitshardwareandsoftwareintwoparts.Thehardwarecircuitpartmainlycomprisesacontroller,asignaldetectioncircuit,obstacleavoidancecircuit,motordrivecircuit,displaycircuit,powersupplycircuit,throughsoftwareprogrammingtocontrolthecarforward,backward,acceleration,decele
5、ration,turnleft,turnrightandlightsflashingandotherfunctions,andinthesmallcarrunningwellrealizetheobstacleavoidance,mileage,thedirectionofdisplayandalarm.Thispaperistopresentageneralelectrictoyasafoundation,increaseofvarioussensors,suchasphotoelectricsensor,infraredsenso
6、r,ultrasonicsensor,thesensorsignaldetectioncircuitforreal-timedetectionofelectricvehiclerunningspeed,runningposition,operation,SCMreceivesandprocessesthesignaldetectioncircuitdetectsavarietyofdata,andthenbytheMCUinstructioncontrolofelectrictrolley.Theintelligenttoycarca
7、nachievefunctions:real-timeandaccuratetemperaturedisplay,displaythemileage,voicecontrolcanbeachieved,automatictrackingandobstacleavoidance,andcanautomaticallyadjustthespeedandtheprecisionofparking.Keywords:Intelligent,electrictoycars,SCM,softwaredesignII摘要IABSTRACTII第一章
8、引言21.1研究背景21.2研究意义21.3国内外研究现状31.4研究内容4第二章相关技术62.1单片机技术62.2智能玩具电动车技术7第三章系统需求分析83.1功能分析83.1.1主控模块83.1.2电机驱动模块93.