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1、中文4370字本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译外文题目CorporateCulture外文出处ManagementDecisionVolume:27Issue:11989：P15-16外文作者LiamGorman原文：CorporateCultureLiamGormanWhatisCorporateCultureLetusnowlookmorespecificallyatthequestionofwhatcorporatecultureis,thetypesofcorporateculturethatmayexist,andatthequestion
2、ofbestfitbetweenculture,companyandenvironments.Alldefinitionsofculturerefertotheundergroundnatureofcultureandtothehiddenhandwithwhichcultureguidesbehaviour,thoughtandfeelings.Lookingathowcultureisformedhelpsustounderstanditscharacterandimpact.Schein[l],forinstance,pointsoutth
3、atcultureisthetotalofthecollectiveorsharedlearningofthegroupasitdevelopsitscapacitytosurviveinitsexternalenvironmentandtomanageitsowninternalaffairs.Itcomprisesthesolutionstoexternalandinternalproblemsthathaveworkedinthepastandthataretaughttonewmembersasthecorrectwaytoperceiv
4、e,thinkaboutandfeelinrelationtothoseproblems.Cultureiscomposedof:(1)Valuesandassumptionswhichprescribewhatisimportant.(2)Beliefsonhowthingswork;(3)Behaviouralnorms—asetofattitudesthatareeasiertodecipherthanvaluesandassumptions.Inthepast,culturewasthoughtofasasetofattitudesatt
5、hebottomoforganizationswhichcouldbeproblematic,inthatitwasfrequentlyananti-managementcultureandthus"bad".Itwasassumedthatmanagementhadthe"right"attitudes,orattitudesinsupportofcompanygoals.Culture,however,operatesatalllevels,andwearenowmoreawarethattherecanbeaspectsofculturea
6、ffectingallhierarchicallevelswhichcanbeselfdefeatingfortheorganisation.Pastcrises,achievements,successesandfailuresleadtothecreationofassumptionsabout:(1)reality(youcannottrustbanks);(2)truth(peopleareacompany'smostimportantasset);(3)time(youmustalwaysbeseentobebusy);(4)human
7、nature(womenarelesscommittedtoworkthanmen);(5)humanrelationships(donotletsubordinatesgetclosetoyou).Theconditionsunderwhichpastorganisationalissuesandproblemswereresolveddonotremainintheconsciousnessoftheorganisation.Responsestotheseconditionsbecomeautomaticandacceptedasthewa
8、ythingsaredone.Inthisway,severelimitationsaresetonindividuals'behavi
