microscopic examination of urine：尿镜检

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1、MICROSCOPICEXAMINATIONOFURINEI.StandardizationA.EnsuresaccuracyandprecisionofexaminationB.Thereare7factorsthatshouldbestandardizedintheperformanceofthemicroscopicexaminationofurine:1.Properspecimena.Propercollectionb.Rapidtransportandpromptexamination2.Standar

2、dvolumeofurineevaluated____________________3.ProperCentrifugationa.Speed___________b.Lengthoftime__________c.Nobrake4.Standardvolumeofurinetoresuspendsediment:5.Standardvolumeofresuspendedurineexamineda.Glassslidewithcoverslipb.Commercialsystem:Kova,Count106.

3、ConsistentExamination:FieldofView(FOV)a.Mustevaluateaminimumof10representativefields1)Increasingthenumberoffieldsevaluatedincreasesthevalidityofthevaluereported2)Elementsmustbeevenlydistributedthroughouttheslide,elseprepareanewwetmountb.Lowpower:Examinecoversl

4、ipperimeterc.Highpower:Examinecenter21CLS426UrineandBodyFluidAnalysis:StudentLabRotationMicroscopicExamofUrineLectureHandout7.Standardizedreportformatandterminologya.Lowpowerfield(LPF):objective=___________1)Squamousepithelialcells2)Casts3)Mucusb.Highpowerfiel

5、d(HPF):objective=___________1)RBC,WBC,transitionalandrenalepithelialcells2)Bacteria,crystals3)Yeast,sperm,trichomonadsC.Toensureaccuracyinreporting,themicroscopicresultsshouldbecorrelatedtothephysicalandchemicalresultsMicroscopicElementsPhysical(color/clarity)

6、Chemical(dipstick)ExceptionsRedbloodcellsWhitebloodcellsEpithelialcellsCastsCrystalsBacteriaclarity,colorclarityclarityclarityclarity,colorclarity+blood+protein,leukocytes,nitrite+proteinpH+nitrite,pHNumber,hemolysisNumber,typeofWBCandbacteriaNumberNumberNumbe

7、r,typeNumber,typeII.StainingandMicroscopicTechniques(textbook,pg183,table8-2)A.Stains:usedtoenhancevisualization,eachhavingdifferentadvantages/disadvantages1.Sternheimer-Malbina.Crystal-violetandsafraninb.Mostoftenusedc.Enhancesinternalstructures(WBC,epithelia

8、lcells,casts)2.Aceticacida.Althoughnotastain,1-2dropsof2%aceticacidsolutiontocoupledropsofsedimentenhancesthenuclearpatternofWBCandepithelialcellsb.RBCwillhemolyse(yeastwillnot)3.S