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1、Zendeh23EnergySecurityandEthanolPolicyAlexZendehAbstractCorn-basedethanolhasreceivedgovernmentsupportfromthreepolicies:ataxcredit,arenewablefuelstandard,andatariffonethanolimports.ThesepoliciesarejustifiedbytheclaimthattheypromoteAmericanenergysecurity.Thisjustificationisflaw
2、ed.Promotionofethanolisnotonlyinsufficienttoreplaceoilimports;itincreasesseveralrisksthatcompromiseAmericanenergysecurityintwoways.First,thetariffpreventsimportationofcheaperandsaferforeignenergysources.Second,thecomplexinteractionofthetaxcreditandrenewablefuelstandardpolicie
3、sincreasesgasolineconsumption.IntroductionAmajorpolicygoaloftheUnitedStatesgovernmenthasbeenthepromotionofenergysecurity,thecapacityoftheUSeconomytoavoidorwithstandsupplyshockstoitsenergyinputs.PresidentBarakObama,inaspeechatAndrewsAirForceBase,saidthatenergysecurityis,“aniss
4、uethat’sbeenapriorityformyadministration…Fordecadeswe’vetalkedabouthowourdependenceonforeignoilthreatensoureconomy—yetourwilltoactrisesandfallswiththepriceofabarrelofoil.”BarakObama,“RemarksbythePresidentonEnergySecurity,”SpeechatAndrewsAirForceBase,March31,2010,accessedAugus
5、t8,2010,http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-energy-security-andrews-air-force-base-3312010.Thisspeechemphasizedtheneedforachangeinpolicyfromreactivemeasurestoincreasesinenergypricestowardaproactiveapproach.ThissentimenthasspreadbeyondWashingtonDCtothe
6、generalpublic.Inarecentpoll,92%ofinterviewedAmericanssaidthatreducingUSdependenceonforeignenergysourcesisanimportantgoalforUSenergypolicy.JasonDick,“SupportForAddressingClimateChangeHoldsFirm,”NationalJournal,August2,2010,accessedAugust8,2010,http://congressionalconnection.na
7、tionaljournal.com/2010/08/support-for-addressing-climate.php.Zendeh23Threefactorshaveincreasedthesalienceofenergysecurityasamajornationalconcerninpoliticaldebates.Thefirstisthespikeinoilpricesin2007and2008.Thepriceofabarrelofcrudeoilinnominaltermsincreasedfrom$63inDecember200
8、6to$147inJuly2008.Thiswaslikelyaresultofhighdemandforoilandsignifica
