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1、高中英语系列讲座（二）定语从句I.概述一.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当
2、于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。(1)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时,常用限
3、定词名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+限定词名词结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.二.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)Theschoolinwhichhe
4、oncestudiedisveryfamous.注意:1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(2)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that,不可以省略;指物时用which,不能用that,不可以省略;关系代词是所有格时用whose(1)Themanwithwhomyout
5、alkedismyfriend.(2)Themanwithwho/thatyoutalkedismyfriend.(3)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(4)TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词(1)Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwho
6、mareverykindtohim.(2)Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someof whichhavegonebad.(3)Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.4.限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1)当先行词是some(something除外),anything,everything,nothing,/few,little,/all,none,等代词时,或者是由some,a
7、ny,every,no,/few,little,/all,much/thevery,theonly,oneof等修饰时 (1)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?(2)Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld. (3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(4)ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou. (5)Thisistheverydictionaryt
8、hatIwanttobuy, (6)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned. (7)WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。 (1)Anymanthat/.whohasasenseof
