overview of legal english（英国法律概况）

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1、OverviewoflegalEnglish（英国法律概况）OverviewofBritainandtheUnitedStates(UK,8:,lawandjustice)ThereisnosinglelegalsystemintheUnitedKingdom.AfeaturecommontoallsystemsoflawintheUnitedKingdomisthatthereisnocompletecode.Thesourcesoflawinclude(1)statutes;(2)alargeamountof"unwritten"orcommonlaw;(3)equi

2、tylaw;(4)EuropeanCommunity.Anothercommonfeatureisthedistinctionmadebetweencriminallawandcivillaw.intheUnitedKingdomnosinglelegalsystem.AcommonfeatureofalllegalsystemsintheUnitedKingdomistheabsenceofacompletecode.Sourcesofcodeinclude:(1)statutelaw;(2)alargenumberof"unwrittenlaw"or"customar

3、ylaw";(3)equity;(4)EClaw.Anothercommonfeatureisthedistinctionbetweencriminallawandcivillaw.I.CriminalProceedingscriminalprocedure1.InEnglandandWales,oncethepolicehavechargedapersonwithacriminaloffence,thecrownProsecutionServiceassumescontrolofthecasereviewstheevidencetodecidewhethertopros

4、ecute.inEnglandandWelsh,oncethepolicehavechargedapersonwithacriminaloffence,thecrownProsecutionServiceassumescontrolofthecaseandreviewstheevidencetodecidewhethersue.2.InBritainallcriminaltrialareheldinopencountbecausethecriminallawpresumestheinnocenceoftheaccuseduntilhehasbeenprovedguilty

5、beyondreasonabledoubt.Theprosecutionandthedefensegetequaltreatment.Noaccusedpersonhastoanswerthequestionofthepolicebeforetrial.Heisnotcompelledtogiveevidenceincount.Everyaccusedpersonhastherighttoemployalegaladvisertoconducthisdefense.Ifhecannotaffordtopay,hemaybegrantedaidatpublicexpense

6、.Incriminaltrialbyjurythejudge,passessentence,butthejurydecidedtheissueofguiltorinnocence.Thejurycomposedofordinarypeople.Ifthe12orverdictofthejurycannotbeunanimous,itmustbeamajority.intheUK,allCriminaltrialsareheldincourt.Becausethecriminallawthinksthatheisinnocentuntilareasonabledoubtpr

7、ovesthedefendant'sguilt.Theplaintiffisequallyequaltothedefendant,andthedefendantdoesnothavetoanswerthepolice'squestionsatthetrial.Heisnotrequiredtocompelthedefendanttoprovideevidence.Everydefendanthastherighttoemployalawyertodefendhim.Ifhecan'tpayhislawyer'sfees,hec