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1、棉花学报CottonScience2016,28(2):184―188调亏灌溉与合理密植对旱区棉花生长发育及产量与品质的影响11122*刘素华袁彭延袁彭小峰袁罗振袁董合忠渊1.新疆生产建设兵团第三师农科所袁新疆图木舒克843901曰2.山东棉花研究中心袁山东济南250100冤摘要院为明确合理密植条件下调亏灌溉的节水增产效果袁在新疆干旱区大田研究了灌溉量渊饱和灌溉尧正常灌溉尧调亏灌溉冤和种植密度渊12万尧18万尧24万株窑hm－2冤对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响遥结果表明袁灌溉量和种植密度对棉花生物产量尧经济系数尧经济产量有显
2、著的互作效应袁但对纤维品质没有影响遥调亏灌溉显著抑制营养生长袁但提高了收获指数曰调亏灌溉下适当提高密度袁显著提高了生物产量和单位面积铃数遥调亏灌溉下高密度处理组合在用水量减少20%的情况下袁棉花产量与正常灌溉下中尧高密度以及饱和灌溉下低密度等高产组合的产量相当遥调亏灌溉配合合理密植是旱区棉花节水增产的有效栽培途径之一遥关键词院棉花曰种植密度曰调亏灌溉曰生长发育曰产量曰品质中图分类号院S562.04文献标志码院A文章编号院1002-7807(2016)02-0184-0510.11963/issn.1002-7807.2016
3、0201211122*LiuSuhua,PengYan,PengXiaofeng,LuoZhen,DongHezhong(1.843901,;2.250100,)Thisstudyexaminedtheeffectsofregulateddeficitirrigationanddifferentplantdensitiesonplantgrowthanddevel-opment,yield,andfiberqualityofcottonindrylandareas.Atwo-factorialexperimentwascon
4、ductedtodeterminethewa-ter-savingandyield-improvingbenefitsofregulateddeficitirrigationonthedrylandofXinjiangin2014.Cottonwastreatedun-derdifferentirrigationregimes(saturationirrigation,regularirrigation,deficitirrigation)andatdifferentplantpopulationdensi-ties(1.2
5、伊105,1.8伊105,and2.4伊105plants窑hm－2).Netphotosyntheticratesweremeasuredandthedryweightofvegetativeandreproductiveorganswasdeterminedandusedtocalculatetheharvestindex(seedcottonyield/finalbiologicalyield).Plantheight,stemdiameter,thenumberofbolls,lintpercentage,andfi
6、berqualitywerealsoexamined.Theresultsshowedsignificantinteractioneffectsofirrigationandplantdensityonbiologicalyield,harvestindex,andeconomicyieldofcotton,butnoeffectonfiberquality.Regulateddeficitirrigationsignificantlyinhibitedvegetativegrowth,butincreasedtheharv
7、estindex.Appropri-ateincreasesinplantdensitysignificantlyincreasedbiologicalyieldandthenumberofbollsperunitareaunderregulateddeficitirrigation.Regulateddeficitirrigationplushighplantdensitynotonlyreducedwaterconsumptionby20%,butalsoproducedthesameamountofcottonasno
8、rmalirrigationathighormoderateplantdensity,orsaturationirrigationatlowplantdensity.Regu-lateddeficitirrigationcombinedwithincreasedplantdensityis
