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1、边沁的功利主义刑罚观探析（AnalysisofBentham'sutilitarianismpenaltyview）AnalysisofBentham'sutilitarianismpenaltyviewAuthor:WangWeiJeremyBentham(JeremyBentham,1748-1832),Britishphilosopher,economist,utilitarianismandlegalthinkers,devotedhislifetothecauseoftheBritishlegalreform,legalreformisthepioneerandlead
2、erofthemovementintheUnitedkingdom.TheeraofBentham,fromthehistoryofBritishlegalsystem,isaneraoffiercestrugglebetweentheconservativeforcesandtherevolutionaryforces.InordertorefutethefamousBritishjuristBlackstonein"Commentaries"inthestatusoftheBritishlegalsystemfordefense,promotelegalreform,Bent
3、hamsummedupinsuccessionbasedontheidea,thefirstcomprehensiveexpositionofthetheoryofutilitarianism,laidthetheoreticalfoundationandtheclassicalnaturallawphilosophyfromBritain'slegalsystemreformwork.HisthoughtsonlegislativeprinciplesandlegislativetechniquespromotedtheEnglishlegalreformmovementinn
4、ineteenthCentury,andaffectedsomeEuropeancountries.Basedonthevaluejudgmentofutilitarianprinciple,hepaidspecialattentiontothecriminallaw,andbegantocommentontherationalityofpunishmentasthebeginningofhiswritingactivitiesonthereformoflaw.Therefore,Bentham'sutilitarianismpenaltyviewoccupiesanimport
5、antpositioninhisideologicalsystem,andhasadeepinfluenceinthemoderncriminallawcircle.Thetheoryof"deterrence","normativereinforcementtheory","educationreformtheory"and"thetheoryofsatisfyingrevenge"arecloselyrelatedtothetheoryofthemoderncriminallawofthebourgeoisie.(Note:seeMaKechangetal.,editorin
6、chief,"completebookofcriminallaw",ShanghaiscienceandTechnologyLiteraturePress1993edition,869thpages.)Hisviewsaremainlyreflectedinthethirdvolumeof"legislativetheory","principlesofcriminallaw".First,thephilosophicalbasisofBentham'sviewofpunishmentUtilitarianismisthephilosophicalbasisofBentham's
7、viewofpunishment.AlthoughBenthamwasborninthefamilylawyer,andwasinLincolnlawschoolandinhighercourtdidtrainee,butheisnotinterestedinlegalpracticeandlegaltheory,isabstract,especiallythelegislation.Basedonthehatredanddissatisfactionoftheabusesint
