山东省临沂市兰山区2021-2022学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题 word版含解析.docx

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2021—2022学年度高二第一学期开学考测试英语试题本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandoimmediately?A.Washhisclothes.B.Cleanhisbedroom.C.Prepareforthepicnic.2.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Buyaviolinofherown.B.Practiceplayingmoreoften.C.Borrowaviolinfromtheothers.3Whodidtheheavywork?A.John.B.Tony.C.TonyandJohn.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.5:45.B.5:30.C.5:15.5.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Hotandrainy.B.Coolanddry.C.Hotandsunny.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhathappenedtoLouiselastweek?A.Shefelloffachair.B.Shebrokeabottle.C.Shewasknockedbyashelf.7.WhatwillSusandonext?A.Cleanhertable.B.Gotothehospital.C.Gotohavelunch.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmanyrooswillthemanbook? A.One.B.Two.C.Three.9.Whatdoesthemanhavetopayfor?A.Breakfast.B.Internet.C.Parking.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhydothespeakerschoosetogotoMcDonald’s?A.Itishealthy.B.Itisnotfaraway.C.Theydon’thavemuchmoney.11.Whatdoesthewomanorder?A.Afishset.B.ABigMacset.C.AChickenSandwichset.12.What’sthechangeaboutMcDonald’s?A.Theyarecheaperthanbefore.B.Theyarealwaysshortofhands.C.Theyoffermanydifferentthingsnow.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatwillthemando?A.Hostabusinesslunchalone.B.Havelunchwithhisco-workers.C.Dosomebusinesswithhismanagers.14.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Eatsomethingspecial.B.Getagoodtable.C.Arriveontime.15.Whyshouldthemanwriteanemailtotheguests?A.Tosetifeveryonelikesseafood.B.Toaskwhattimeofdaytheyprefer.C.Totellthemwhatwillbediscussed.16.Whenshouldthemanbringupthequestionsotdiscuss?A.Aftersomesmalltalk.B.Afterthelunchisover.C.Afterthefoodisordered.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwillitpossiblyrain?A.Onthe23th.B.Onthe25th.C.Onthe28th.18.Wherewilltherebelightshowerstonight?A.Inthewest.B.Inthesouth.C.Inthenorth.19.Whatwillthetemperaturebeinthesouthatnight?A.11degrees.B.18degrees.C.20degrees.20.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeonthe26th?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A AHongKongDisneylandparkadmissionticketisyourpassporttoafulldayofmagicaladventures.Learnthewaystobuyyourticketsnow.Threetypesof1-dayticketareavailable:TicketTypePriceGeneralAdmissionTicket(aged12—64)HK$499ChildTicket(aged3—11)HK$355SeniorTicket(aged65orabove)HK$100FreeadmissionforChildagedunder3.BookOnlineNowPurchaseticketsconvenientlythroughourwebsite,thenpickupyourticketsstartingfrom1hourafteryouhavepurchasedonline.PurchaseTicketsDirectlyatHongKongDisneylandTicketExpressYoucanpurchaseticketsattheHongKongDisneylandTicketExpress,convenientlylocatedattheMTRHongKongStation.Openfrom9:00am—8:00pmonMondaystoFridaysandfrom9:00am—5:00pmonSaturdays,SundaysandPublicHolidays.Purchase2ParkTicketsatoneofthefollowinglocationsandreceiveaFREElimited-editionDisneygift:★AvenueofStarsKiosksYoucanpurchaseticketsatAvenueofStarsKiosksinTsimShaTsui.Opendailyfrom9:00am—10:30pm.★AsiaWorld-ExpoBoxOfficeYoucanpurchaseticketsatAsiaWorld-ExpoBoxOffice.OpenMondaystoFridaysfrom10:00am—6:00pm.ReserveTicketsforHotelGuestAsahotelGuestofHongKongDisneylandHotelorDisney’sHollywoodHotel,Parkticketsarereservedforyourpurchaseatfrontdesk.Opendailyfrom9:00am—8:00pm.BuyatHongKongDisneylandMainEntranceGuestscanpurchaseticketsonthedayoftheirvisitattheMainEntranceTicketBoothsorGuestRelationsWindows.Opendailyfrom30minutesbeforeParkopeninguntilParkcloses.1.Inwhichplacecanyougetafreegiftforbuyingtwotickets?A.HongKongDisneylandTicketExpress.B.Disney’sHollywoodHotel.C.HongKongDisneylandmainEntrance.D.AsiaWorld-ExpoBoxOffice.2.Forayoungcouplewitha2-year-oldkidspendingadayinthepark,theyhavetopayatleast________.A.HK$499B.HK$854C.HK$998D.HK$1353 3.TobuyticketsatHongKongDisneylandTicketExpressonSundays,youhavetogettherebefore________.A.10:30pmB.6:00pmC.5:00pmD.8:00pm【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了香港迪尼斯乐园的票价情况及购票的各种途径，表中给出了各种票的详细信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Purchase2ParkTicketsatoneofthefollowinglocationsandreceiveaFREElimited-editionDisneygift可知，在AvenueofStarsKiosks或者AsiaWorld-ExpoBoxOffice购票可免费获得一份礼品，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据图表中“GeneralAdmissionTicket(aged12—64)，HK$499”可知，年轻夫妇每人付499美元，他们两岁的孩子免费。所以一对年轻夫妇和一个两岁的孩子在公园里呆一天，他们至少要付HK$499x2=HK$998。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Openfrom9:00am—8:00pmonMondaystoFridaysandfrom9:00am—5:00pmonSaturdays,SundaysandPublicHolidays可知，周六日和公共假期的购票时间是上午九点到下午五点，所以如欲在星期日在香港迪士尼乐园购票，你必须下午5点前到达那里。故选C项。BOneday,InoticedthemostbeautifulCadillacpullinthelotwhilewaitingformyhusband.Aprettywomandriverpulledintothespotbesideourcar.TherewasastrikingresemblancetoLizTaylor.Hereyeswereasblueasthesea,andteethlikeanevenrowofpearls.Afewminuteslater,anicelookingmanenteredhercar,learnedoverandkissedherandshedroveaway.Sittingthere,Iwantedtocry.Myenvycontinuedtoexistlongaftershedroveaway.Acoupleofweekslater,sittinginourusualparkinglot,Iwasholdingabook,watchingheroverthetopofit.Herhusbandcametothecar,tookherarmandhelpedheroutofthecar.Icouldseeverywellasshemovedtogetout.Sheunsteadilywalkedaroundtothepassengersideveryslowly,learningonawalkingcane.Sittingsideways,sheliftedonelegwithherhandsandthentheother.Thebeautifulladyhadaprosthesisontheleftlegandabraceontherightleg.Tearswereblindingme.Itoldmyhusbandaboutthebeautifullady.Hesaidheknewherhusbandandtheirstory.Theladyandherparentswereinacarthatgotcaughtontherailroadtracksandwashitbyatrain.Bothparentswerekilledandshewasseverelyinjured.Shewasonly12yearsold.Therailroadmadealargesettlementwithherbecausethecrossinghadnosignals.Heexplainedhercarwasspeciallybuiltforherneedsaswellasthehome.Iprayedforforgivenessallthewayhome.IrealizedhowluckyIwastohavemyparents,theabilitytowalk,runordancethroughlifeandmanywonderfulthingsmoneycan’tbuy.Iwouldnothaveexchangedanythingwiththebeautifullady.Whenyoumeetapersonwhoseemstobebetteroffthenyou,don’tbefooled. 4.Whydidtheauthorwanttocrywhennoticingthebeautifullady?A.ShethoughtofLizTaylor.B.Shehadnosuchexpensivecar.C.Sheenviedwhattheladyowned.D.Shedislikedherowneyesandteeth.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheword“settlement”inParagraph3?A.Argument.B.Plan.C.Appointment.D.Payment.6.Whatmadetheauthorprayforforgivenessallthewayhome?A.Regrettinghermarriage.B.Knowingthelady’ssufferings.C.Admiringthelady’sappearance.D.Leavingwithoutwavingtothelady.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.B.Toseeistobelieve.C.Everythinghappensforthebest.D.Happinessconsistsinbeauty.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在每天去等丈夫的时候总会碰到一个美丽优雅，穿着讲究，开着豪车的女士。相比之下，作者感到生活对自己的不公平，但是在知道了这位女士的残疾和经历后，作者顿时为自己曾经产生过的想法而感到惭愧。从这件事作者得到的人生感悟是：凡事不要被表象所蒙蔽。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Myenvycontinuedtoexistlongaftershedroveaway.(她开车走了很久之后，我的嫉妒心依然存在)”可知，作者在注意到这位美丽的女士时想哭因为她羡慕那位女士拥有的东西。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“withherbecausethecrossinghadnosignals”可知，因为那个路口没有信号，所以铁路公司付给她一大笔钱，作为赔偿。故画线词意思是“付款”。A.Argument.争论；B.Plan.计划；C.Appointment.任命；D.Payment.付款。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Theladyandherparentswereinacarthatgotcaughtontherailroadtracksandwashitbyatrain.Bothparentswerekilledandshewasseverelyinjured.Shewasonly12yearsold.Therailroadmadealargesettlementwithherbecausethecrossinghadnosignals.Heexplainedhercarwasspeciallybuiltforherneedsaswellasthehome.(这位女士和她的父母坐在一辆被火车撞倒在铁轨上的汽车里。父母双双死亡，她严重受伤。她只有12岁。铁路公司与她达成和解，付了一大笔款，因为十字路口没有信号。他解释说她的车是专为她的需要和家而设计的)”可知，了解了女士的痛苦，作者一路祈祷宽恕。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章讲述了作者在每天去等丈夫的时候总会碰到一个美丽优雅，穿着讲究，开着豪车的女士。相比之下，作者感到生活对自己的不公平，但是在知道了这位女士的残疾和经历后，作者顿时为自己曾经产生过的想法而感到惭愧。再结合最后一段的“Whenyoumeetapersonwhoseemstobebetteroffthenyou,don’tbefooled. （当你遇到一个似乎比你富裕的人时，不要上当受骗）”可推知，从这件事作者得到的人生感悟是：凡事不要被表象所蒙蔽。可推知，作者想告诉我们永远不要以貌取人。故选A。CItwouldbeniceifeatingaparticularfoodcouldmagicallyprotectyouagainstalltheboringillnesses.It’snotthatsimple,ofcourse.Handwashingremainsyourbestdefenseagainstpickingupillnesses,andsleepisastrongdefensetoo.Butwhatyoueatdoesplayanimportantpart.Thoughitisn’tbecauseofjustoneortwofoods,whatyoueatinyourdailydiethaveaneffectonhowweakorstrongyourimmunity(免疫力)is.We’dbettereatfruitsandvegetableseveryday.Theycontainkeyvitaminsneededintheimmunesystem.Forexample,VitaminCandAinfoodshelpimmunesystemworkwelltokeepushealthy.Rememberthateatingtheactualfruitorveggieisbetterthaneatingsingle-vitaminsupplements(补品).Gettingtoolittleprotein(蛋白质)canweakenyourimmunesystem.Protein-richfoodssupplytheaminoacids(氨基酸)youneedtobuildimportantproteinsinthebody.Animalfoodslikebeefandporkalsocontainzinc(锌),whichyourbodyusestomaket-cells.Fermentedfoodsarefoodsthatarenaturallyprotectedbybacteria(细菌),andthey’regoodforthemicrobiome(微生物).That’sthenameforthebacteriathatliveinyourstomach,wherealotofcellsinimmunityactuallylive.Fermentedfoodslikeyogurthelpbeneficialbacteriadevelopfastinthestomach,leavinglessroomforharmfulbacteria.8.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?A.Handwashingisnecessary.B.Illnessesmakepeoplebored.C.Immunityhasmuchtodowithyourdiet.D.Moresleepdoesgoodtohealth.9.Whydoesthewritersuggestweeatfruitsandvegetableseveryday?A.Theyarerichinvitaminsweneed.B.VitaminAishelpfulforimmunity.C.FruitssupplyourbodywithVitaminConly.D.Eatingsingle-vitaminfoodsdoeslittlegood.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Aminoacidscanhelptomaket-cells.B.Healthybodyneedsplentyofprotein.C.Theimmunesystemcanbehurteasily.D.Weshouldeatanimalfoodsasmanyaspossible.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Differentfoodshavedifferentuses.B.Fruitsandvegetableskeepushealthy.C.Manyillnessesdoharmtotheimmunity.D.Properdailydietprotectsourimmunesystem.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日常饮食和免疫系统的关系。【8题详解】主旨大意题。第一段的中心部分是“Butwhatyoueatdoesplayanimportantpart.Thoughitisn’tbecauseofjustoneortwofoods,whatyoueatinyourdailydiethaveaneffectonhowweakorstrongyourimmunity(免疫力)is.”。由此可知，你每天的饮食会影响你的免疫力的强弱。因此第一段主要介绍饮食和免疫力息息相关。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We’dbettereatfruitsandvegetableseveryday.Theycontainkeyvitaminsneededintheimmunesystem.”可知，水果和蔬菜里包含免疫系统所需要的重要维生素。因此，作者建议天天吃水果和蔬菜。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Gettingtoolittleprotein(蛋白质)canweakenyourimmunesystem.Protein-richfoodssupplytheaminoacids(氨基酸)youneedtobuildimportantproteinsinthebody.”可知，摄入太少的蛋白质会削弱你的免疫系统。由此推知，想要健康的，就要有好的免疫系统，就需要摄入足够的蛋白质。结合选项，B选项表达此意。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段的最后一句“whatyoueatinyourdailydiethaveaneffectonhowweakorstrongyourimmunity(免疫力)is”是文章的中心句。下面三段分别介绍了水果蔬菜，富含蛋白质的食物和发酵食品和我们的免疫力的关系。D选项“适当的日常饮食可以保护我们的免疫系统”可以表达此意。故选D。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。例如在第4题中，第一段中的最后一句就直接点明主题，下文围绕该主题展开。如果考生可以抓住该句，那么这个题迎刃而解。DFoldablephonesareonceagainfacingquestionsabouttheirdurability.TheGalaxyZFlipandtheMotorolaRazrarenowbothavailabletobuyintheUS—butearlyreportssuggestthescreensareeasilydamaged.TheGalaxyZflipboastsa“flexibleglass”display—buttestsappeartoshowitscratchingaseasilyasplastic.Inastatement,Samsungsaidthedisplayhadaprotectivelayer,andhadundergoneextensivetesting.“Whilethedisplaydoesbend,itshouldbehandledwithcare,”itsaid.TheZFlip’s“prettythinglass”isoneofSamsung’sprimarymarketingmessagesforthenewphone.ButadurabilitytestmadebypopularZackNelson,aregularbuyer,suggesteditwasnomoredurablethanasoftplasticscreen—andcouldevenbedentedbyafingernail.NelsonsaidSamsung’sscreenscratchedexactlyhowaplasticscreenwouldreact.“Idon’tknowwhatmaterialthisis,butSamsungdefinitelyshouldn’tbecallingitglass,”hesaid.HefoundthatthescreenoftheMotorolaRazrscratchedaseasilybutitisnotmarketedas“glass”. TheMotorolaRazrwasputonsale13daysagointheUSbutRaymondWong,aneditorsaystheflexiblescreenonhishandsethasalreadybroken.TheupperlayeroftheRazr’sscreenseparatedfromthebottom,creating“agianthorizontalairbubble”fornoapparentreason.12.WhatattitudedothebuyershavetothequalityofGalaxyZFlipandRazr?A.Worried.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Uncomcerned.13.WhatistheoutstandingfeatureoftheZFlipbySamsung?A.Lowprice.B.Portablestyle.C.Protectivefunction.D.Extremelythinscreen.14.WhydoesNelsoncomplainaboutSamsung?A.Heisangryatitspost-saleservice.B.Heisstrictinitsscreenmaterials.C.Heisunsatisfiedwithitsinexactstatement.D.Heisdisappointedatitsunfaircompetition.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.CheatalwaysexistsinbusinessB.DisadvantagesoftwokindsofphonesC.FoldablephonesmaynotbeallthatgreatD.Differentbrandshavetheirspecialfeatures【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了GalaxyZFlip和Razr两款手机的屏幕很容易损坏，消费者对此表示很担心，并以消费者ZackNelson为例，说明了他对这两款手机的看法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“TheGalaxyZFlipandtheMotorolaRazrarenowbothavailabletobuyintheUS—butearlyreportssuggestthescreensareeasilydamaged.TheGalaxyZflipboastsa“flexibleglass”display—buttestsappeartoshowitscratchingaseasilyasplastic.(GalaxyZFlip和摩托罗拉Razr现在都可以在美国买到，但早期的报道称，这两款手机的屏幕很容易损坏。GalaxyZflip号称拥有“柔性玻璃”显示屏，但测试显示，它和塑料一样容易划伤)”可推知，买家对GalaxyZFlip和Razr的质量表示担心。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“TheZFlip’s“prettythinglass”isoneofSamsung’sprimarymarketingmessagesforthenewphone.(ZFlip“相当薄的玻璃”是三星对这款新手机的主要营销信息之一)”可知，三星ZFlip的突出特点是极薄的屏幕。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“NelsonsaidSamsung’sscreenscratchedexactlyhowaplasticscreenwouldreact.“Idon’tknowwhatmaterialthisis,butSamsungdefinitelyshouldn’tbecallingitglass,”hesaid.(Nelson表示，三星的屏幕与塑料屏幕的反应完全相同。“我不知道这是什么材料，但三星绝对不应该叫它玻璃，”他说)”可知，Nelson对三星不准确的陈述不满意，所以投诉。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Foldablephonesareonceagainfacingquestionsabouttheirdurability.(可折叠手机的耐用性再次受到质疑)”结合文章主要说明了GalaxyZFlip和Razr两款手机的屏幕很容易损坏，消费者对此表示很担心，并以消费者ZackNelson为例，说明了他对这两款手机的看法。可知，C 选项“可折叠手机可能没那么好”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Childrenborninthepastfourdecadeswerethecentreoftheirparents’attention.____16____.However,whenthesameresourcesaredividedbetweentwochildren,theamountbelongingtoeachoneisgoingtodecrease.AccordingtotheHangzhouDaily,whentherearetwochildreninthefamily,parentstendtochoosepublicschoolsinsteadofprivateschools,whichareusuallymoreexpensive.____17____.Buthavingasecondchildmaycuresomedeep-rootedproblemsinChina’straditionalfamilyeducation.Havingtwochildreninthefamilycanhelptopreventonechildbeingspoiledbytoomuchattention.____18____Takingcareofabrotherorsisteralsoenableschildrentogainasenseofresponsibility,cooperationandcaring.____19____Currently,therearenotenoughvacanciesinpublickindergartenandschoolsforthepotentialincreaseinchildren.“It’snotonlytheenrollmentcapacityofeducationalinstitutionsthatwillfeelthepressure.____20____”PengXizhe,directorofthePopulationandDevelopmentResearchPolicyCentreatFudanUniversity,toldChinaEducationDaily.Hepredictsthegovernmentmayhavetoinvestmoretosupporttheeducationalsystemasaresultofthenewfamilyplanningmeasure.A.Theonlychildinthefamilymayfeelmoreburrned.B.China’spubliceducationsystemisalsoexpectedtoimprove.CEachchildalsotakespartinfewerafter-schooltrainingclasses.D.Peoplearealsoplacingmoreemphasisonthequalityofeducation.E.Besides,twochildreninthesameschoolwillbemoreconvenient.F.Thewholefamily’sresourceswerepouredintotheireducationandwell-being.G.Italsosparestheonlychildfromthepressureofshoulderingparentalexpectations.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.B20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国二胎政策会给家庭、社会和国家带来的影响。【16题详解】根据上文“Childrenborninthepastfourdecadeswerethecentreoftheirparents’attention.(过去40年出生的孩子是父母关注的中心)”以及后文“However,whenthesameresourcesaredividedbetweentwochildren,theamountbelongingtoeachoneisgoingtodecrease.(然而，当同样的资源被分配给两个孩子时，属于每个孩子的数量将会减少)”可知，后文提到资源被分配给两个孩子，每个孩子的资源就会减少的情况，可推测在此之前整个家庭的资源都投入到了一个孩子身上。故F选项“整个家庭的资源都投入到他们的教育和福利上”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】 根据上文“AccordingtotheHangzhouDaily,whentherearetwochildreninthefamily,parentstendtochoosepublicschoolsinsteadofprivateschools,whichareusuallymoreexpensive.(据《杭州日报》报道，当家里有两个孩子时，父母倾向于选择公立学校，而不是私立学校，私立学校通常更贵)”可知，上文提到家里有两个孩子时，父母倾向于选择相对便宜的公立学校，推测本句承接上文继续说明父母在孩子教育支出上减少的表现。故C选项“每个孩子参加的课外培训班也更少了”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Buthavingasecondchildmaycuresomedeep-rootedproblemsinChina’straditionalfamilyeducation.Havingtwochildreninthefamilycanhelptopreventonechildbeingspoiledbytoomuchattention.(但生二胎可能会解决中国传统家庭教育中的一些根深蒂固的问题。一个家庭有两个孩子可以帮助防止一个孩子被过多的关注宠坏)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明生二胎的好处。故G选项“它也使独生子女免于承担父母期望的压力”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据后文“Currently,therearenotenoughvacanciesinpublickindergartenandschoolsforthepotentialincreaseinchildren.(目前，公立幼儿园和学校没有足够的名额来满足潜在的儿童增长)”可知，后文提到了公立幼儿园和学校没有足够的名额来满足潜在的儿童增长的情况，这属于对国家教育系统情况的描述。故B选项“中国的公共教育系统也有望改善”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“It’snotonlytheenrollmentcapacityofeducationalinstitutionsthatwillfeelthepressure.(感受到压力的不仅仅是教育机构的招生能力)”可知，上文提到了教育机构的招生能力有压力，可知本句承接上文继续说明这一举措带来的其它影响：人们也更加重视教育的质量。故D选项“人们也更加重视教育的质量”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bellaarrivedattheparkinglotatabout12:00p.m.She____21____intohercar,andbeganthe40-minute____22____home.She’sjustworkedsomuchandfeltquite____23____.Shealmostdroveonauto-pilot(自动驾驶仪).Afewminuteslater—wham!Outofnowhereatruck____24____herbackward100feetontotherailroadtracks.Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.Asithappened,Peterwasgoingtobed____25____heheardtheloudnoiseofmetalonmetaland____26____glasscomingfromnotfar.Asavolunteerfirefighter,without____27____Petergrabbedaflashlightandranout.Hecametothetruckthathad____28____Bella’s.OncePeterconcludedthedriverwasOK,he____29____himselfandspottedBella’scartrappedontherailroadtracks.Justthenheheardanurgentbellsound:a____30____wascoming!Peter____31____toBellaandknockedatthewindow.Shejustlookedathim,hereyes____32____.Peter thoughthehadtogetheroffrightnow.Hepulledthehandle____33____,butthedoorwasdamagedandjammedshut.Peterrantothepassenger’ssideandthrewopenthedoor.HegrabbledBella’sarms,andpulledheruntilhecould____34____heroutandbringherto____35____behindasignalboxafewfeetaway.Withinsixseconds,thetraincrashedintoBella’scar!21.A.gotB.lookedC.fellD.came22.A.journeyB.timeC.driveD.distance23.A.relaxedB.sleepyC.happyD.bored24.A.attackedB.pulledC.pushedD.held25.A.whileB.onceC.untilD.when26.A.terribleB.familiarC.brokenD.distant27.A.delayB.warmingC.experienceD.permission28.A.beatenB.hitC.stoppedD.fixed29.A.lookedaroundB.searchedthroughC.leftaloneD.soughtfor30.A.carB.policemanC.workerD.train31.A.attendedB.rushedC.respondedD.stuck32.A.unclearB.unhurtC.unfocusedD.uncertain33.A.carefullyB.exactlyC.practicallyD.violently34.A.putB.helpC.takeD.send35.A.safetyB.positionC.stationD.comfort【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了疲惫的贝拉下班后出了交通事故被困在位于铁轨上的汽车里，幸亏听到响声的彼得千钧一发救下了贝拉。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝拉在中午12点左右到达了停车场。她上了车，开始了40分钟的回家路程。A.got得到；B.looked看；C.fell掉落；D.came到达。根据“Bellaarrivedattheparkinglot”，得知，贝拉到停车场上车。getinto表示上。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝拉在中午12点左右到达了停车场。她上了车，开始了40分钟的回家路程。A.journey路程；B.time时间；C.drive车程；D.distance距离。根据“Shealmostdroveonauto-pilot”，得知，贝拉开车40分钟回家。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她工作太辛苦了，觉得很困。A.relaxed放松的；B.sleepy困倦的；C.happy开心的；D.bored无聊的。根据“She’sjustworkedsomuch”，得知，贝拉刚才工作很辛苦，现在感到困倦。故选B。 【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知从哪儿冒出来一辆卡车把她向后推了100英尺，撞到了铁轨上。A.attacked袭击；B.pulled拽；C.pushed推动；D.held握住。根据“herbackward100feetontotherailroadtracks.Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.”，得知，卡车推着她向后，出了交通事故。故选C。【25题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当彼得正要上床睡觉时，他听到不远处传来金属碰撞和玻璃破碎的巨响。A.while当时；B.once一旦；C.until直到；D.when当时。根据“Peterwasgoingtobed”，得知，彼得正打算睡觉，这时听到巨大响声。begoingtodo...when表示正打算做，这时。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当彼得正要上床睡觉时，他听到不远处传来金属碰撞和玻璃破碎的巨响。A.terrible可怕的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.broken破坏的；D.distant远处的。根据“Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.”，得知，卡车和轿车相撞车玻璃碎了。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名志愿消防员，彼得毫不犹豫地抓起手电筒跑了出去。A.delay耽误；B.warming温暖；C.experience经历；D.permission允许。根据“Petergrabbedaflashlightandranout.”，得知，彼得出于职业本能马上进行营救。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他来到撞到贝拉的卡车旁。A.beaten打败；B.hit撞击；C.stopped停止；D.fixed固定。根据“Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.”，得知，这是撞击。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当彼得断定司机没事后，他环顾四周，发现贝拉的车被困在铁轨上。A.lookedaround环顾；B.searchedthrough搜寻；C.leftalone不管；D.soughtfor寻找。根据“andspottedBella’scartrappedontherailroadtracks.”，得知，彼得确认周围情况，是在环顾四周。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他听到紧急铃响了:火车来了!。A.car汽车；B.policeman警察；C.worker工人；D.train火车。根据“Withinsixseconds,thetraincrashedintoBella’scar!”，得知，是火车开来。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得冲向贝拉，敲了敲窗户。A.attended参加；B.rushed冲向；C.responded回应；D.stuck困住。根据“andspottedBella’scartrappedontherailroadtracks.”，得知，彼得冲向被困的贝拉。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是看着他，目光没有集中。A.unclear不清楚；B.unhurt未受伤的；C.unfocused未关注的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据“Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.”，得知，贝拉受到撞击，目光无神。故选C。 【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他用力拉门把手，但门被撞坏并卡住了。A.carefully小心；B.exactly准确；C.practically实际；D.violently猛烈地。根据“Justthenheheardanurgentbellsound:a　　　　　　　　wascoming!”，得知，彼得使劲拽门。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他抓住贝拉的胳膊，把她拉了出来，把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A.put放下；B.help帮助；C.take带着；D.send发送。根据“”Peterthoughthehadtogetheroffrightnow.，得知，彼得帮贝拉从车中出来。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抓住贝拉的胳膊，把她拉了出来，把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A.safety安全；B.position位置；C.station车站；D.comfort安慰。根据“behindasignalboxafewfeetaway.”，得知，彼得带贝拉到安全地带。故选A。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whatdoesmusicmeanforeachofus?Whatpartdoesitplayinourlives?Wegetintotheworldofmusicandmagicsoundsfrom____36____veryfirstdaysofourlife.Itcontinuestoaccompanyuseverywhere,____37____(fill)uswithjoy,givingcheerfulnessandfun.Nicemusicalwaysbringsonlypositiveemotions,andtherefore,it____38____(make)lifemorebeautiful.Evensadmelodyhelpstoopenupourhearts,ourinnermostthoughts,____39____(desire)andexperiences.Music____40____(create)notonlytoentertainpeople,butitalsohasagreateffectonthem,tryingtomakethembetter.Musicinspiresustoactions,helpstounderstand____41____ishappeningtous,toknowourselves.Musicupliftsusandmakesmoreperfect.Musicreflectsourmood.Musicremindsus____42____whatiscurrentlythebasisofourfeelings,dreams,itgivesusthe____43____(good)thoughts,faithinsomethinggood,cleanandbright.Itinspiresaperson____44____(think)deeply.Ofcourse,inourtime,therearepiecesofmusic_____45_____(design)onlytoentertain.Afterall,musicnotonlyreflectsourjoy,butsometimessorrowandsuffering.【答案】36.the37.filling38.makes39.desires40.iscreated41.what42.of43.best44.tothink45.designed【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了音乐在人们生活中的重要作用以及带给人们的影响。【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：正是从我们生命的第一天起，我们就进入了音乐和神奇声音的世界。此处为短语thevery，表示“正是……”。故填the。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它继续陪伴我们到任何地方，使我们充满喜悦，给我们欢乐和乐趣。分析句子结构可知fill在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填filling。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：好的音乐总是带来积极的情绪，因此，它使生活更美好。根据上文brings可知为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。【39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：即使是悲伤的旋律也能帮助我们敞开心扉，打开我们内心最深处的思想、欲望和经历。desire为可数名词，根据上文thoughts以及experiences可知应用复数形式。故填desires。【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意：音乐不仅仅是为了娱乐人们而创造的，它对人们也有很大的影响，试图使他们变得更好。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文has可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为music，谓语用单数。故填iscreated。【41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：音乐激发我们的行动，帮助我们理解发生在我们身上的事情，了解我们自己。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用what引导。故填what。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：音乐让我们想起我们目前的感情和梦想，它给我们最好的思想，对美好、干净和光明的信念。结合句意表示“使某人想起……”可知短语为remindsb.ofsth.。故填of。【43题详解】考查最高级。句意：音乐让我们想起我们目前的感情和梦想，它给我们最好的思想，对美好、干净和光明的信念。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最好的”可知应用形容词最高级。故填best。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它激励人深入思考。结合句意表示“鼓励某人做某事”短语为inspiresb.todosth.。故填tothink。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当然，在我们这个时代，有只是为了娱乐而设计的音乐。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语music构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填designed。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom用微信询问你最喜欢的体育锻炼项目，请你回复他，主要内容如下：1.你喜欢的运动项目以及简单经历； 2.你喜欢的主要原因；3.锻炼给你带来的好处。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,SwimminghasbeenmyfavouritesportsinceIwaslittle.MyfatherbegantoteachmewhenIwasjust5yearsold.Itookpartinseveralswimmingcompetitionsandgottopprizes.Ilikeitsomuchandthereasonsareasfollows.Firstofall,itisanexcellentformofexercisetokeepmybodyinperfectshape.Inaddition,itisalsoaneffectivewaytorelax.Iswimwithaveryloweffort,focusingonnothingbuttherhythmofmystrokewhichhelpsmegainafeelingofwell-being.Furthermore,swimmingisawonderfulrecreationalactivity.Ihopeyoulikeitaswell.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Tom回复邮件，告诉他你最喜欢的体育锻炼项目。【详解】1.词汇积累年幼的：young→little开始：start→begin参加：joinin→takepartin此外：besides=inaddition2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Firstofall,itisanexcellentformofexercisetokeepmybodyinperfectshape.拓展句：Firstofall,itisanexcellentformofexercisethatcankeepmybodyinperfectshape.【点睛】[高分句型1]SwimminghasbeenmyfavouritesportsinceIwaslittle.(运用了since引导时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Iswimwithaveryloweffort,focusingonnothingbuttherhythmofmystrokewhichhelpsmegainafeelingofwell-being.(运用了which引导定语从句)第二节（满分25分） 47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IhavebeenateacherformorethanthirtyyearsandMr.RoweisoneofthebestteachersIhaveeverworkedwith.Hehadsomuchfromwatchinghim.Hecouldperformmiracles,liketheoneheperformedwithSteveninthefourthgrade.StevenwasoneoftheunhappiestkidsIeversaw.Hecouldn’tstandschool.Hedidn’tlikebeingpickedlastforkickball.Hedidn’tlikethekidswhoraisedtheirhandsandknewalltheanswers,andmostimportantly,hedidn’tlikehimself.ThefirstdayStevenwalkedintoMr.Rowe’sclassroom,heignoredtheotherstudents,lookingangryandannoyed,andslidintohischair,knockingacoupleoftextbooksontothefloor.Mr.RowewalkedovertohimandtouchedSteven’sshoulder,butStevenpulledaway.Nevertheless,Mr.Rowewelcomedhim:“Hi,Steven.I’mhappyyouareinmyclass.Wearegonnahaveagreatyear.”StevenlookedaroundtheroomasifMr.Rowemustbemistakes.NoteacherinhisrightmindwouldwantSteventobepartofhisclassroom.So,whileMr.Roweseemedcheerfulandrelaxedthatdayofschool,itseemedlikeStevenwasangryandconfused.Thatdayafterclasses,Mr.RowechoseSteventopitch(投球)thekickball.“Hey,Steven,”Mr.Rowesaid,“Youaregoodatpitching.Letmeshowyoumysecrettrick.”Mr.RowetaughtStevenoneofthetricksthatnotasinglekidcoulddid.Stevenlearnedfastanddidquitewell!Everyonecheeredforhim!Afterthekickball,StevensatasclosertoMr.Roweinclassesashecould.Whenaquestionwasasked,Stevenlitup;heknewtheanswer!Heraisedhishands.Whenheansweredthequestion,hisvoiceshook.However,hegottheanswerright!Hesaid,withMr.Rowe,hisdaysofthefourthgradepromisedwonderful.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Timepassedquicklyandourschoolhadaveryspecialtraditiononthelastday.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Manyyearslater,Mr.RoweandIwereworkingintheteachers’officewhenahandsomeyoungmanwalkedin,dressedinthepoliceuniform.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Timepassedquicklythatyearandourschoolhadaveryspecialtraditiononthelastday.Alltheteachersfilledthesidewalk,wavinggoodbyetothekids.Butonthatparticularday,Stevenwalkedslowlytothebus,hisheaddown,tearsinhiseyes.Heboardedthebusreluctantly,hesitated,andthenranbackoffthebustohugMr.Rowe.“Idon’twanttoleaveyou.”Hesobbed.Withred-rimmedeyes,Mr.Rowecomfortedhim,“Iwillmissyou,too.”Manyyearslater,Mr.RoweandIwereworkingintheteachers’officewhenahandsomeyoungmanwalkedin,dressedinthepoliceuniform.Theyoungmanstoodtallandproud.ItwasSteven!Mr.RoweandIcouldn’tbelieve oureyes.HesalutedandhuggedMr.Rowetightly!“Ihavecomebacktoschooltodayjusttosaythankstoyou!”Itismyhopethateveryteacherisblessedwithsuchawonderfulexperienceofaformerstudentcomingbacktosay,simplytosayaverysimpleTHANKS.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mr.Rowe老师对学困生Steven的关心。刚开始Steven表示不接受，但是Mr.Rowe老师耐心地教育他，最后Steven学习进步，并在多年后回校感谢Mr.Rowe老师的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那一年时间过得很快，不知不觉中，已经是上学的最后一天了。”可知，第一段可描写毕业告别的一系列活动尤其是Mr.Rowe老师和Steven之间的互动。②由第二段首句内容“多年以后，当一个穿着军装的英俊年轻人走进我们的教室时，Mr.Rowe老师和我都很惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写Steven回学校看望Mr.Rowe老师的活动和表达了感谢之情。2.续写线索：上学的最后一天——师生告别——Steven恋恋不舍——Steven与老师道别——Steven返校——老师惊讶——Steven感谢老师3.词汇激活①跟某人说再见：wavegoodbyetosb./saygoodbyetosb.②坐上车：boardthebus/getonthebus③返回：runback/return/getback情绪类：①不情愿地：reluctantly/unwillingly②惊讶的：surprised/astonished/amazed【点睛】[高分句型1].Alltheteachersfilledthesidewalk,wavinggoodbyetothekids.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2].Ihavecomebacktoschooltodayjusttosaythankstoyou!(使用了动词不定式作目的状语)