黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市第八中学校2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末英语 （解析版）.docx

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2022-2023学年度高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredidthewomanworkaftershegraduated?A.InLondon.B.InNewYork.C.InParis.2.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Tired.B.Satisfied.C.Angry.3.Whattimeisitnow?A.Itis10:00.B.Itis9:10.C.Itis10:50.4.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toinformhimofacontest.B.Toaskhimaboutthecontest.C.Toencouragehimtoenteracontest.5.Whereisthewoman?A.Atthestation.B.Onatrain.C.Inataxi.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Clerkandcustomer.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Policeanddriver.7.Whatdidthewomanforget?A.Heraccountnumber.B.HerIDcard.C.Hermoney.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Therestaurantisfull.B.Theman’sreservationiscanceled.C.Thewoman’sdrinkwasnot第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 prepared.9.Whatwillthemandowhilewaiting?A.Standbythewindow.B.Drinkatthehall.C.Shopnearby.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Forwhatdidthewomanwin$200?AAquiz.B.Ashow.C.Abook.11.Wheredidthewomanandherfriendswinabottleofwhisky?A.Atapub.B.Atacanteen.C.Atalotterystore.12.Whatisthemanexpecting?A.Towriteabetterbook.B.Towinabiggerlotteryprize.C.Tosharethewoman’sprize.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretheyprefertolive.B.Howtofindtheirhouse.C.Whattodofortheirvisitors.14.Whatshouldthevisitorsdowhentheyseethebusstop?A.Turnleft.B.Crossthebridge.C.Goupthehill.15.Whereisthecouple’shouse?A.Betweentwovillages.B.Totheleftofthemainroad.C.Ontheright-handsideofabridge.16.WhatdoweknowaboutSue?A.Shefoundthemapveryuseful.B.Shegotlostonherway.C.Shefollowedthecouple’sdirections.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmanylanguagesdoesDellaspeakaltogether?A.5.B.6.C.7.18WhatdidDelladoontheshow?A.Sheansweredquestions.B.Shedidsmalltalks.C.Sheintroducedherschool.19.HowoldwasDellawhenshelearnedherfirstforeignlanguage?A.Oneyearold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Threeyearsold.20.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexpert’swords?A.Dellashouldkeeppracticing.B.Dellashouldlearnmorelanguages.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Dellashouldfocusononelanguage.第二部分阅读理解(满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADonewithDragon’sBackandtiredoftheTwinPeaks?Checkouttheselesser-knownhikesinHongKongwithrewardingviewsandfewercrowdsonforsize.TaiPoKauForestWalkBestfor:FamiliesTaiPoKauForestWalkislocatedinsidetheTaiPoKauNatureReserve,apopulardestinationfornaturelovers.Itfeaturesdifferentcolour-codedtrails(小径)whichallowyoutocontrolthedurationofyourhike.Thisnaturereserveisalsohometovariouswildlife,soifyou’relucky,youmightbeabletoseesomeresidentowlsorevenfireflies.AnotherbenefitisthatTaiPoKauhasathickforestwhichprovidesplentyofshadefortheentiredurationofthehike.Distance:3-10kmDuration:45mins-3.5hoursDifficulty:2.5outof5LittleHawaiiBestfor:AwaterfallhikeKnownastheeasiestwaterfallhikeinHongKong,LittleHawaiiwasoncethewaterreservoir(水库)forfactoryinthe1900s.Now,it’stheperfectspotforaleisurewalk.Altogether,thereare3waterfallspots.Asthehighlightofthehike,youcangoupstreamtoviewthewaterfallfromadifferentangle.Distance:2.5kmDuration:1hourDifficulty:1outof5WoYeungShanBestfor:AdvancedhikersAsthefifthhighestpeakinHongKong,WoYeungShanoffersbreathtakingviewsofthecity.Thosewell-trainedhikerswhoareupforchallengecanevenclimbuptheWoYeungRocksforphotos.YounayendthehikeatShingMunReservoir,whereminibusesandtaxisareavailabletoreturntothecity.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Distance:9.5kmDuration:4.5hoursDifficulty:3.5outof5LaiChiWoBestfor:HeritageandwildlifeExplorethenortheastcomeroftheNewTerritoriesthroughtheoldHakkavillageofLaiChiWoandtheDoubleHavenGeoArea.Alongthewell-pavedtrail,youwillalsobeimpressedbyhundredsofspeciesofwildlifehere.Don’tmissthechancetocheckoutthewetlandsandfishpondsaroundDoubleHaventoo.Distance:16kmDuration:4.5hoursDifficulty:2.5outof51.WhatdoTaiPoKauForestWalkandLaiChiWohaveincommon?A.Theybothfeaturevariouswildlife.B.Theyarebothwithawaterreservoir.C.Theyarebothfriendlytobeginnerhikers.D.Theybothprovidefreereturnminibusesandtaxis.2.WhatisspecialaboutLittleHawaii?A.ItiswellknownasthehighestpeakinHongKong.B.Itsforestcanshelterthehikersfromdirectsunshine.C.It’saperfectplacetogettoknowsomeoldvillages.D.Itoffersagoodviewofthewaterfallifhikersgoupstream.3.Whichhikemightbeyourchoiceifyouareanexperiencedhikerreadyforchallenge?A.TaoPoKauforestWalk.B.WoYeungShan.C.LittleHawaii.D.LaiChiWo.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处香港鲜为人知的徒步旅行地点。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章TaiPoKauForestWalk部分的“Thisnaturereserveisalsohometovariouswildlife,soifyou’relucky,youmightbeabletoseesomeresidentowlsorevenfireflies.(这个自然保护区也是各种野生动物的家园，所以如果你幸运的话，你可能会看到一些猫头鹰甚至萤火虫)”及LaiChiWo第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 部分的“Alongthewell-pavedtrail,youwillalsobeimpressedbyhundredsofspeciesofwildlifehere.(沿着铺得很好的小道，你还会对这里的数百种野生动物印象深刻)”可知，TaiPoKauForestWalk和LaiChiWo的共同点是它们都以各种野生动物为特色。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LittleHawaii部分的“Asthehighlightofthehike,youcangoupstreamtoviewthewaterfallfromadifferentangle.(作为远足的亮点，你可以从不同的角度逆流而上观赏瀑布)”可知，LittleHawaii的特别之处是如果徒步旅行者逆流而上，它可以很好地看到瀑布。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WoYeungShan部分“AsthefifthhighestpeakinHongKong,WoYeungShanoffersbreathtakingviewsofthecity.Thosewell-trainedhikerswhoareupforchallengecanevenclimbuptheWoYeungRocksforphotos.(作为香港的第五高峰，WoYeungShan提供了令人叹为观止的城市景观。那些训练有素、勇于挑战的徒步旅行者甚至可以爬上WoYeungRocks拍照)”可知，如果你是一位准备迎接挑战的经验丰富的徒步旅行者，你会选择WoYeungShan。故选B项。BGettinglostintherhythmofmyturnswasoneofmyfavoritepartsofskiing.Feelingthesoft,powderysnowbeneathmyskis,IfeellikeI’mcapableofanything.IstartedskiingwhenIwasthreeyearsold.Mymomworkedasaskiinstructorasshealsolovedthesnow.Isoonmasteredthebasicconceptsofturning.WhenIwasseven,IdecidedIwantedtotakemyskiingtothenextlevelandjoinateam.Thereweretwooptions:racing,apopulareventforgirls,andfreeskiing,aneventheavilydominatedbyboys.Ridingthechairlift(升降椅)withmymother,Iwouldseefreeskiersflyingandspinningthroughtheair.IimmediatelyknewwhichteamIwantedtojoin:freeskiing.AssoonasIjoinedtheteam,Iwasplacedinalowlevel.However,IsoonmountedtherankingsuntilIcametothehighestgroup.Atthatpoint,Iwastheonlygirlonmyteam.Iwasisolatedatfirst;Iwasputdownatfirst;nobodywantedtoridethechairliftwithme.Butastimepassed,Iwasslowlyaccepted,andmadesomeofmyclosestfriends.However,thisentireprocesstookthreewholeyears.Ihavebeenfortunateenoughtohavecompetedinthreenationalchampionshipscompetitionsforfreeskiing,winningtwooverallfirstplacesandoneoverallsecondplace.Althoughbeingagirlinamale-dominatedsportcanbedifficult,I’mactuallythankfulthatI’vehadtheexperiencesthatIhad.Lifeisgoingtobeabumpy(凹凸不平的)roadforallofus,andbuildingresiliency(适应力)earlyonisimportant.Myexperienceshavetaughtmetomeetmysetbacksinlifewithopenarms.Infact,afterthisencounter,第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 I’vebecomeabetterskier.However,thereisnowaythatIcouldhavedoneitwithoutmysupportivemotheralwaysbehindmeandmyencouragingcoachalways,alwaysbehindmeaswell.Iencourageyoualltostepoutofyourcomfortzonetoshowtheboysthatgirlsarejustaspowerfulastheyare.4.Theauthorfinallytookupherfavoritefreeskiingbecause________.A.itwassuitableforgirlslikeher.B.nogirlswereavailableintheeventsosheintendedtochangeit.C.shewasattractedbyfreeskierswhileridingthechairlift.D.hermothermadethechoiceforher.5.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“mounted”inparagraph4?A.climbedupB.felloffC.putdownD.turneddown6.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthoraccordingtothepassage?A.Thelifetheauthorranacrosswastougher.B.Theauthorgainedtheachievementlargelyonherown.C.Whattheauthordidresultedintheequalitybetweenboysandgirls.D.HerstoryprovedaChinesesayingthatwomenholduphalftheworld.7.Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthor’sstoryofbecomingaskier?A.BoringB.UnrealC.InspiringD.Discouraging【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的滑雪历程中体会到的男女不平等，她鼓励其他女孩要走出舒适区，让男孩们知道女孩和他们一样强大。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereweretwooptions:racing,apopulareventforgirls,andfreeskiing,aneventheavilydominatedbyboys.Ridingthechairliftwithmymother,Iwouldseefreeskiersflyingandspinningthroughtheair.IimmediatelyknewwhichteamIwantedtojoin:freeskiing.(当时有两种选择:一种是女生喜欢的比赛项目，另一种是男生喜欢的自由滑雪项目。和母亲一起坐缆车时，我看到自由滑雪者在空中飞旋。我马上就知道我想加入哪支队伍了:自由滑雪)”可知，作者终于开始了她最喜欢的自由滑雪，因为她在坐缆车时被自由滑雪者吸引住了。故选C项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“AssoonasIjoinedtheteam,Iwasplacedinalowlevel.(我一加入这个团队，就被安排在一个较低的级别)”以及后文“Icametothehighestgroup.(我进入了最高的一组)”可知，mounted是上升的意思，和climbedup“爬上去”意思相近。故选A项。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“AssoonasIjoinedtheteam,Iwasplacedinalowlevel.However,IsoonmountedtherankingsuntilIcametothehighestgroup.Atthatpoint,Iwastheonlygirlonmyteam.Iwasisolatedatfirst;Iwasputdownatfirst;nobodywantedtoridethechairliftwithme.Butastimepassed,Iwasslowlyaccepted,andmadesomeofmyclosestfriends.However,thisentireprocesstookthreewholeyears.(我一加入这个团队，就被安排在一个较低的级别。然而，我的排名很快就上升了，直到我进入了最高的一组。那时，我是队里唯一的女生。一开始我被孤立;一开始我很沮丧;没人愿意和我一起坐缆车。但随着时间的流逝，我慢慢被接受了，并结交了一些最亲密的朋友。然而，整个过程花了整整三年)”以及倒数第二段“Ihavebeenfortunateenoughtohavecompetedinthreenationalchampionshipscompetitionsforfreeskiing,winningtwooverallfirstplacesandoneoverallsecondplace.Althoughbeingagirlinamale-dominatedsportcanbedifficult,I’mactuallythankfulthatI’vehadtheexperiencesthatIhad.(我很幸运地参加了三次全国锦标赛的自由滑雪比赛，赢得了两个总冠军和一个总亚军。虽然在男性主导的体育运动中，作为一个女孩可能会很困难，但我实际上很感激我所拥有的经历)”可知，作者的经历告诉我们，女孩并不比男孩差。她的故事印证了中国的一句谚语:女人顶半边天.故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lifeisgoingtobeabumpyroadforallofus,andbuildingresiliencyearlyonisimportant.Myexperienceshavetaughtmetomeetmysetbacksinlifewithopenarms.Infact,afterthisencounter,I’vebecomeabetterskier.However,thereisnowaythatIcouldhavedoneitwithoutmysupportivemotheralwaysbehindmeandmyencouragingcoachalways,alwaysbehindmeaswell.Iencourageyoualltostepoutofyourcomfortzonetoshowtheboysthatgirlsarejustaspowerfulastheyare.(对我们所有人来说，生活都将是一条坎坷的道路，尽早建立弹性是很重要的。我的经历教会我要张开双臂迎接生活中的挫折。事实上，经过这次遭遇，我已经成为一个更好的滑雪者。然而，如果没有一直支持我的母亲和一直鼓励我的教练，我不可能做到这一点。我鼓励你们都走出自己的舒适区，向男孩们展示女孩和他们一样强大)”可知，作者成为滑雪者的故事是鼓舞人心的。故选C项。CGoanywhereandyou’llseealotofpeoplewiththeirheadsburiedintheirphones.Andamongthemtheremaybe“nomophobia,”orno-mobile-phonephobia,whichmeansthatpeopleareafraidofbeingawayfromyourphone.Andthisonecandorealdamagetoyourqualityoflifeandhealth.A2020studypublishedinthejournalSleepfoundthat90percentofthe327universitystudentssurveyedcouldbeseenashavingmoderatetoseverenomophobia.Unfortunately,nomophobiawasassociatedwithsleepdisruption,anddaytimesleepiness.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Participantsadmittedtocheckinge-mail,texts,orsocialmediaafterturningofftheirlightstogotobed,explainsJenniferPeszka,PhD,studyco-authorandassociateprofessorofpsychologyatHendrixCollegeinConway,Arkansas.Foryou,thatmightlooklikealotofthings:Itmightbecatchinguponsocialmediainbed,wakinguptocheckyourphoneinthemiddle-of-the-night,orkeepingnotificationsonwhileyousleep.Evergetthatbutterflies-in-the-stomachfeelingwhenyoucan’trememberwhereyouplacedyourphone?Or,maybeyouhavestressdreamsthatyourphoneislostorstolen.“Ithinkyoucanreallyviewnomophobiaasaspecialformofanxiety,”saysPeszka.Thereasonsbehindwhysomeonehasnomophobiaarevariable.“Ithinkdifferentpeopleworryaboutdifferentthings.Therearesomepeoplewhoseemtoreportthey’reworriedtheywillmissoutonsomethingorthattheywon’tbeabletogethelporcontactsomeoneiftheyneedto,”sheexplains.Peszkarecommendscognitive-behavioral(认知行为的)waysthatcanhelpmakepartingwithyourphoneabiteasieratnight.Ifyoucan’tputyourphoneawayorsleepwithitoutofyourroom,thenusesettingsonyourphonethatlimityourusebutdon’tprohibititcompletely.8Whatdoestheunderlinedword“phobia”inParagraph1mean?A.Disease.B.Fear.C.Excitement.D.Situation.9.Howmanystudentssurveyedarefreeofnomophobia?A.About33.B.About90.C.About294.D.About327.10.What’stheperformanceofhavingnomophobia?A.Checkinge-mailswhennecessary.B.Turningoffthephone.C.CatchinguponWechatinbed.D.Wakingupinthemorningandthencheckingphones.11.WhichofthefollowingisPeszka’srecommendationtomakepartingwithphones?A.Sleepingwithphones.B.Throwingawayphones.C.Usingsettingsofphones.D.Prohibitingphonescompletely.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“无手机恐惧症”，以及给出了一些如何解决此问题的建议。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中的“…whichmeansthatpeopleareafraidofbeingawayfromyourphone.”（意思是人们害怕离开你的手机。）为对上文mobile-phonephobia名词短语的解释，故可猜测，划线单词phobia为“恐惧”的意思，结合选项B项Fear“害怕，恐惧”意思一致。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“A2020studypublishedinthejournalSleepfoundthat90percentofthe327第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 universitystudentssurveyedcouldbeseenashavingmoderatetoseverenomophobia.”（2020年发表在《睡眠》杂志上的一项研究发现，在接受调查的327名大学生中，90%可被视为患有中度至重度无手机恐惧症。）可知，被调查的学生中有327-327×0.9=32.7，大约33人没有无手机恐惧症。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Foryou,thatmightlooklikealotofthings:Itmightbecatchinguponsocialmediainbed,wakinguptocheckyourphoneinthemiddle-of-the-night,orkeepingnotificationsonwhileyousleep.”（对你来说，这可能意味着很多事情：可能是躺在床上浏览社交媒体，半夜醒来查看手机，或者在睡觉时打开通知。）可知，无手机恐惧症的表现是在床上看微信。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ifyoucan’tputyourphoneawayorsleepwithitoutofyourroom,thenusesettingsonyourphonethatlimityourusebutdon’tprohibititcompletely.”（如果你不能把手机放在一边，或者睡觉时把手机放在房间外面，那就在手机上设置限制你的使用，但不要完全禁止。）可知，使用手机设置是Peszka关于离开手机的建议。故选C项。DAftertakingafewstepsbacktogetarunningstart,HadjBenhalimadashedtowardthebuilding,pushedagainstitswallwithhisfoot,pushedhimselfupwardandstretchedouthisarm.Atthepeakofhisleaphefingeredoftalightswitch,morethan1ofeetofftheground.ThebrightlightsofanearbybarbershopwentoffinstantlyGroupsofyoungathletespracticingParkour—thepracticeofpassingobstaclesinaman—madeornaturalenvironmentthroughtheuseofrunning,vaulting(腾跃),jumping,climbing,rolling,andothermovementsinordertotravelfromonepointtoanotherinthequickestandmostefficientwaypossiblewithouttheuseofequipment—havebeenswingingaroundbigFrenchcitiesswitchingoffwastefulshopsignsatnight,inanefforttofightlightpollutionandsaveenergy.Theseso—calledLightOffoperationshavebecomeextrapopularinrecentmonths,withFranceembarkingonenergyconservationefforts.Paris,theCityofLight,isafavoritetarget.Whileitslandmarkmonumentsnowgodarkearlierthanusual,manystoresignsstillstaylitallnight.“Everyonecancontributeintheirownway”tosaveenergy,saidKevinHa,theleaderoftheParis—basedOpheSpotParkourgroup,withabout20members.“Weputourphysicalabilitiestogooduse.”Enforcingtheordersinplaceoftheauthoritiescertainlyentersalegalgrayarea.Butthegroupsaidallthepoliceofficerstheyhavemetduringtheirroundshaveapprovedoftheirdeeds—aslongasitcausesnodamage.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 12.WhichofthefollowingoptionsisNOTParkour’sfeature?A.Itdoesn’tneedanytoolstoassistmovement.B.Itcanonlybepracticedinanenclosedenvironment.C.Itaimstotravelfromonepointtoanotherinthequickestway.D.Itispracticedthroughrunning,vaulting,jumping,climbing,etc.13.WhydoyoungathletesinParistakepartinParkour?A.Toinvitemoreyouthstojointhemincompetition.B.Toovercomephysicalboundariesandbuildfitness.C.Toreducetheconsequencesofenergyconsumption.D.TotouraroundfeelingtheuniquebeautyofParisatnight.14.WhatdoesKevinHathinkoftheParkourparticipants?A.Theyarehonest.B.Theyarecreative.C.Theyareselfish.D.Theyareoptimistic.15.HowdidthepolicereacttotheLightOffoperationsoftheyoung?A.Theygavetheirunspokenagreement.B.Theytooktheseactionsasillegal.C.Theybelievedtheremustbedamagecaused.DTheyheldanindifferentattitudetowardsthem.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是巴黎年轻运动员利用跑酷来节省能源。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“GroupsofyoungathletespracticingParkour—thepracticeofpassingobstaclesinaman—madeornaturalenvironmentthroughtheuseofrunning,vaulting(腾跃),jumping,climbing,rolling,andothermovementsinordertotravelfromonepointtoanotherinthequickestandmostefficientwaypossiblewithouttheuseofequipment(一群练习跑酷的年轻运动员，通过跑步、跳跃、跳跃、攀爬、滚动和其他动作，在人造或自然环境中通过障碍，以便在不使用设备的情况下以最快和最有效的方式从一个地方到另一个地方)”可知，跑酷的特点不包括只能在封闭的环境中练习。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyonecancontributeintheirownway”tosaveenergy,saidKevinHa,theleaderoftheParis—basedOpheSpotParkourgroup,withabout20members.“Weputourphysicalabilitiestogooduse.”(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源，总部位于巴黎的Ophe第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Spot跑酷小组的负责人KevinHa说，该小组约有20名成员。“我们很好地利用了我们的体能。”)”可知，巴黎的年轻运动员参加跑酷是减少能源消耗的后果。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyonecancontributeintheirownway”tosaveenergy(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源)”和“Weputourphysicalabilitiestogooduse.(我们很好地利用了我们的体能。)”可知，KevinHa认为跑酷参与者很有创造力，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Butthegroupsaidallthepoliceofficerstheyhavemetduringtheirroundshaveapprovedoftheirdeeds—aslongasitcausesnodamage.(但该组织表示，他们在巡逻期间遇到的所有警察都认可他们的行为——只要不造成损害。)”可知，警方对青少年LightOff行动心照不宣地同意了。故选A。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therehavebeenseveralincidentsatconcertsandothereventsinrecentyearswherepeoplediedbecauseofunsafecrowdconditionsandstampedes(踩踏).ThelatestsimilartragedyunfoldedinSeoul,SouthKorea,whereaHalloweengatheringinaclubdistrictturneddeadly,withatleast155deathsbeingreported.Thismayleavesomepeoplethinkingthere’slittleyoucandotosurviveastampede.Butcrowd—safetyexpertssaythereareseveralstrategiesthatcouldhelpyouavoidsuchdanger.____16____◆PayattentiontotheexitThekeytostayingsafeinacrowdbeginsthemomentyouarriveatthelocation,saysRandyI.Atlas,asafetyexpert.____17____It’sapieceofcommon—senseadvicethatAtlasappliesnotjusttobigevents,butevenwhenenteringalmostanyroom.◆____18____Ifthere’sasuddenpanicandcrowdsbegintopushinacertaindirection,donotfightbackorpushtheoppositeway,Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd.Ifyougoagainstthelow,youincreaseyourchancesofgettingtrippedandknockeddown.Anotherriskis,accordingtoexperts:ifyoufightthecrowd,youwilltireyourselfoutquickly.◆Figurethe“WAY”out.____19____Thereforeyoucanpotentiallyangle(斜移)yourwayoutofthesituation,expertssay.Thegoal,accordingtowriterPatrickHutchison,istogetto“theedgeofthestampedewhereit’slesslikelythatyou’llendup第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 stuckatachokepoint,likeadoorway.”◆Mindtheposture.Inmanystampedeevents,peoplediefromasphyxiation(窒息)—____20____Butapossiblewaytoavoidthisistoplaceyourarmsinfrontofyou,almostinaboxer—likestance(站立姿势).Thatcouldgiveyousomeveryvaluablebreathingroomandprotectyourchest.Sometimes,Endingtherightposturecanmakeallthedifference.A.Gowiththecrowd.B.Don’tpanicandtakeimmediateaction.C.Herearesometipstoincreasethechancesofsurvival.D.deathinthisdisasterisusuallycausedbybeingsteppedon.E.theyaresimplypressedtothepointwheretheycan’tbreathe.F.That’stosay,headvisespeopletotakenoteofwherethenearestexitsare.G.Moveinaspecificdirectionratherthanstraightasyougoforwardwiththecrowd.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.G20.E【解析】【导语】本文为说明文，主要针对踩踏时间提出了一些提高生存几率的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Butcrowd—safetyexpertssaythereareseveralstrategiesthatcouldhelpyouavoidsuchdanger（但人群安全专家表示，有几种策略可以帮助你避免这种危险）”以及下文的小标题“Payattentiontotheexit（注意出口）”，“Figurethe“WAY”out（找出出路）”，“Mindtheposture（注意姿势）”可知，此处应该是提出一些建议，故C项中“Herearesometipstoincreasethechancesofsurvival（以下是一些提高生存机会的建议）”承上启下，符合语境，故选C项。【17题详解】根据小标题“Payattentiontotheexit（注意出口）”和上文“Thekeytostayingsafeinacrowdbeginsthemomentyouarriveatthelocation,saysRandyI.Atlas,asafetyexpert（安全专家兰迪·I·阿特拉斯（RandyI.Atlas）表示，在人群中保持安全的关键是从你到达地方的那一刻开始）”以及下文“It’sapieceofcommon—senseadvicethatAtlasappliesnotjusttobigevents,butevenwhenenteringalmostanyroom（这是一条常识性的建议，阿特拉斯不仅适用于大型活动，甚至在进入几乎任何房间时也是如此）可知，此处应该在讲述人们到达地方之后要注意最近的出口时哪里，F项中“exits”与小标题中的“exit”一致，故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Ifthere’sasuddenpanicandcrowdsbegintopushinacertaindirection,donotfightbackorpushthe第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 oppositeway,Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd.Ifyougoagainstthelow,youincreaseyourchancesofgettingtrippedandknockeddown.Anotherriskis,accordingtoexperts:ifyoufightthecrowd,youwilltireyourselfoutquickly（如果突然出现恐慌，人群开始向某个方向推进，不要反击或向相反方向推进，而是向人群的同一方向移动。如果你逆行，你会增加被绊倒和击倒的机会。根据专家的说法，另一个风险是：如果你与人群搏斗，你会很快筋疲力尽）”可知，本段主要讲述要顺着人群走，而不是逆着人群走，A选项“Gowiththecrowd（跟人群走）”能够概括段落大意，故选A项。【19题详解】根据小标题“Figurethe“WAY”out（找出出路）”和下文“Thereforeyoucanpotentiallyangle(斜移)yourwayoutofthesituation,expertssay.Thegoal,accordingtowriterPatrickHutchison,istogetto‘theedgeofthestampedewhereit’slesslikelythatyou’llendupstuckatachokepoint,likeadoorway.’（因此，专家们表示，你可以从某种角度摆脱这种情况。根据作家帕特里克·哈奇森（PatrickHutchison）的说法，目标是到达“踩踏事件的边缘，在那里你不太可能被困在一个瓶颈，比如门口”）”可知，此处应该在描述我们要沿着一定的方向移动，找到出路，G选项中“Moveinaspecificdirection（向特定方向移动）”与之相符，故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文“peoplediefromasphyxiation（人们死于窒息）”和下文“Butapossiblewaytoavoidthisistoplaceyourarmsinfrontofyou,almostinaboxer—likestance(站立姿势).Thatcouldgiveyousomeveryvaluablebreathingroomandprotectyourchest（但避免这种情况的一种可能方法是将手臂放在前面，几乎以拳击手的姿势。这可以给你一些非常宝贵的呼吸空间，保护你的胸部）”可知，此处描述的是无法呼吸的情况，E选项中“can’tbreathe（不能呼吸）”与“asphyxiation（窒息）”相符，故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(满分45分)第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共30小题;每小题1分，满分30分)ASeeingthenewsofthe2022NobelPrizeonTV,Ican’thelp____21____ataleaboutaremarkablephysicist,AlbertEinstein.WhenEinsteinwasalittlekid,hisfatherboughthimacompassasagift.Hewasamazedbyit.Itwasthatmoment,asEinsteinlatersaid,that____22____thebeginningofhisscientificjourney.Manyothergreat____23____inhistoryhadsimilarstoriesItalwaysamazedmehowsuchanexperiencecouldhaveahugeimpactonone’slife.____24____Einsteinandothersciencegiants,Idon’trememberhavinganyparticularexperiencethat____25____myinterestinscience.Forme,Iwasnotamatterofasingleevent,butrathermanyofthem.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 AsakidIenjoyedspendinghourswatchingstarsduringsummernights.Itriedtoseeifsomeofthoseshiningdotsdisplayedcertainfigures,Ifoundmagnetism(磁力)andelectricityveryinterestingtoo.Ididn’treally____26____theseconcepts,butIcouldplaywiththem.Ishowedgreatinterestinphysicsatschool.Tolearnmoreaboutit,Ibeganmyundergraduatestudies.Alotchangedaboutmeatthisstage.Istillhadthesame____27____,butmyperspective(思维方式)waswidenedasIwasintroducedtomanymorefascinatingpartsof____28____.Consequently,myinterestinthefieldwasshaped.Followingmygraduation,Idecidedtostudyabroad.Myinitial____29____wastogetaninternationally—praisedlevelofeducation.However,suchanexperience_____30_____morethanthat.Mostimportantly,itmeantthatIwouldbeinanenvironmentwhereIcouldfullyimmerse(沉浸)myselfinmyworkandsubjectsofphysics._____31_____,IrealizedwhatImissedmostduringmyundergraduatestudieswas_____32_____work.Itwasalotmoresatisfyingthanjusttryingtodoscienceonpaper._____33_____,mymaster’sdegreestudyprogramalsogivesmetheseopportunities.Iget_____34_____tosomanyresearchareasandopportunitiesforpracticalwork._____35_____alltheseexperiences,I’vediscoveredformyselfwhatIwanttobeinphysics.21.A.recallingB.writingC.inventingD.publishing22.A.changedB.markedC.hitD.limited23.A.medalistsB.graduatesC.mindsD.teachers24.A.InsteadofB.OtherthanC.IncontrasttoD.Ratherthan25.A.lockedB.arousedC.maintainedD.added26.A.refuseB.missC.honorD.understand27.A.lessonB.passionC.reasonD.subject28.A.compassesB.starsC.papersD.physics29.A.motivationB.researchC.attitudeD.application30.A.tookB.requiredC.meantD.started31.A.LookingforwardB.LookingbackC.TurningoverD.Turningaround32.A.seriousB.countlessC.officialD.practical33.A.UndoubtedlyB.PossiblyC.NaturallyD.Fortunately34.A.devotionB.accessC.admissionD.relation35.A.ThankstoB.AsforC.InplaceofD.Forlackof【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.B26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.D34.B35.A【解析】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在电视上看到2022年诺贝尔奖的消息时，不禁想起了一个关于杰出物理学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的故事，由此而对物理表现出极大的兴趣，以及后来学习物理的学习经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视上看到2022年诺贝尔奖的消息时，我不禁想起了一个关于杰出物理学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的故事。A.recalling使想起；B.writing写；C.inventing发明；D.publishing出版。根据“Seeingthenewsofthe2022NobelPrizeonTV”以及“ataleaboutaremarkablephysicist,AlbertEinstein.”可知，因为看到2022年诺贝尔奖的消息时，所以让我不禁想起了一个关于杰出物理学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的故事。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爱因斯坦后来所说，正是那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。A.changed改变；B.marked标志；C.hit打击；D.limited限制。根据句意以及该句中的“thebeginningofhisscientificjourney.”可知，此处为正如爱因斯坦后来所说，正是那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史上许多其他伟大的有才智的人也有类似的故事。A.medalists奖牌获得者；B.graduates毕业生；C.minds有才智的人；D.teachers教师。根据上文提到的爱因斯坦为伟大的科学家，以及该句中的“hadsimilarstories”可推知，此处为历史上许多其他伟大的有才智的人也有类似的故事。故选C项。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历引起了我对科学的兴趣。A.Insteadof代替；B.Otherthan除了；C.Incontrastto相比之下；D.Ratherthan而不是。根据下文“Idon’trememberhavinganyparticularexperiencethat____5____myinterestinscience.”可知，此处在拿自己的经历与科学家的经历做比较，即：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人相比，我不记得有什么特别的经历引起了我对科学的兴趣。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历引起了我对科学的兴趣。A.locked锁上；B.aroused唤醒；C.maintained维护；D.added增加。根据该句中的“anyparticularexperience”以及“myinterestinscience”可知，此处为与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历引起了我对科学的兴趣。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太理解这些概念，但我可以在玩耍中运用它们。A.refuse拒绝；B.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 miss想念；C.honor给……荣誉；D.understand理解。根据该句中的“butIcouldplaywiththem.”but转折，可推知，此处为我不太理解这些概念，但我可以在玩耍中运用它们。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更吸引人的部分。A.lesson课程；B.passion热情；C.reason原因；D.subject主题。根据上文“Ishowedgreatinterestinphysicsatschool.”提到兴趣，以及“Alotchangedaboutmeatthisstage”发生了改变，和该句中的“still”可推知，此处为我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更吸引人的部分。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更吸引人的部分。A.compasses指南针；B.stars星星；C.papers论文，试卷；D.physics物理学。根据上文“Ishowedgreatinterestinphysicsatschool.”可知，此处为我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更吸引人的部分。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。A.motivation动机；B.research研究；C.attitude态度；D.application申请书。根据该句中的“togetaninternationally—praisedlevelofeducation.”以及下文“However,suchanexperience____10____morethanthat.”的However转折可推知，此处为我最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这样的经历意味着更多。A.took带走；B.required要求；C.meant意味；D.started开始。根据下文“Mostimportantly,itmeant…”可知，此处为然而，这样的经历意味着更多。和下文meant相呼应。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间最怀念的是实际工作。A.Lookingforward期待；B.Lookingback回顾；C.Turningover翻身；D.Turningaround转身。根据句意以及该句中的“IrealizedwhatImissedmostduringmyundergraduatestudies”可知，此处为回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间最怀念的是实际工作。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间最怀念的是实际工作。A.serious严重的；B.countless数不尽的；C.official官方的；D.practical实际的。根据下文“Itwasalotmoresatisfyingthanjusttryingtodoscienceonpaper.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ”可知，此处为回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间最怀念的是实际工作。故选D项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的硕士学位学习计划也给了我这些机会。A.Undoubtedly毫无疑问；B.Possibly可能；C.Naturally自然地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据该句中的“mymaster’sdegreestudyprogramalsogivesmetheseopportunities.”可知，此处为幸运的是，我的硕士学位学习计划也给了我这些机会。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会。A.devotion奉献；B.access机会；C.admission承认；D.relation关系。根据句意以及该句中的“somanyresearchareasandopportunitiesforpracticalwork.”可知，此处为我可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会。故选B项。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么。A.Thanksto多亏了；B.Asfor至于；C.Inplaceof代替；D.Forlackof因为缺乏。根据句意以及该句中的“I’vediscoveredformyselfwhatIwanttobeinphysics.”可知，此处为多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么。故选A项。B2022FIFAWorldCuphascometoanendwithArgentinawinningthetrophy.Generallyspeaking,itwasagreatsuccess.Butdoyouknowitcameacrossdifficultiesjustbeforethebeginningoftheevent?Thefollowingisareportfromanewspaperatthattime.FansatfootballmatchesacrossGermanyprotestedon12and13Novemberagainstthisyear’sFIFAWorldCup,whichistakingplaceinQatarfrom20Novemberto18December.Qatar,asmallcountryintheMiddleEast,haslittle____36____forhumanrights.Fansaskedpeopleto____37____towatchthefootballtournamenttoshowthattheydon’tagreewiththewayQatar____38____people.StefanSchirmer,fromtheBoycottQatar____39____,explainedthatifpeoplerefusedtowatchthegames,itcouldhave“a____40____effect”.Qatar’shostingoftheWorldCuphasinvitedserious____41____becausethecountrytreatsmanypeoplevery____42____.Forexample,womenhavetofollowalotof____43____rules.Theyhavetogetpermissionfroma____44____familymembertodothingssuchasworkinsomejobs,travelorstudyabroad,andgetmarried._____45_____fromothercountrieshavehadtoworkin_____46_____conditions,includinglonghoursandsevere_____47_____,forverylittlepayinordertobuildthe_____48_____fortheWorldCup.FootballfansinSpainandFrancehave_____49_____theBoycottQatarcampaign.Arecentsurveyfoundthatsevenoutof10peopleintheUKthinkitis_____50_____for第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 QatartobehostingtheWorldCup.36.A.opinionB.respectC.habitD.command37.A.continueB.allowC.refuseD.stick38.A.ignoresB.treatsC.injuresD.protects39.A.movementB.activityC.issueD.campaign40.A.positiveB.sideC.immediateD.special41.A.interestsB.consequenceC.criticismD.attention42.A.opinionB.slightlyC.moderatelyD.badly43.A.looseB.writtenC.convenientD.strict44.A.seniorB.femaleC.juniorD.male45.A.LocalsB.WorkersC.ResidentsD.Immigrants46.A.terribleB.perfectC.comfortableD.well-developed47.A.airB.heatC.droughtD.cold48.A.buildingsB.castlesC.stadiumsD.roads49.A.bannedB.missedC.supportedD.protested50.A.unequalB.unableC.unrealD.unacceptable【答案】36.B37.C38.B39.D40.A41.C42.D43.D44.D45.B46.A47.B48.C49.C50.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍世界各地对卡塔尔举行世界杯的抵制。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡塔尔是中东的一个小国，几乎不尊重人权。A.opinion观点；B.respect尊敬；C.habit习惯；D.command命令。根据“Fansaskedpeopleto____2____towatchthefootballtournamenttoshowthattheydon’tagreewiththewayQatar____3____people.”及下文可知，许多球迷认为卡塔尔几乎不尊重人权。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：球迷们要求人们拒绝观看足球比赛，以表明他们不同意卡塔尔对待人们的方式。A.continue继续；B.allow允许；C.refuse拒绝；D.stick坚持。根据“toshowthattheydon’tagreewiththewayQatar____3____people.”可知，球迷们要求人们拒绝观看卡塔尔举行的足球比赛。故选C。【38题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查动词词义辨析。句意：球迷们要求人们拒绝观看足球比赛，以表明他们不同意卡塔尔对待人们的方式。A.ignores忽略；B.treats对待；C.injures受伤；D.protects保护。根据“Fansaskedpeopleto____2____towatchthefootballtournament”可知，球迷们抵制球赛，以表明他们不同意卡塔尔对待人们的方式。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：抵制卡塔尔运动的斯特凡·席尔默解释说，如果人们拒绝观看比赛，可能会产生“积极影响”。A.movement运动；B.activity活动；C.issue问题；D.campaign运动。根据“FootballfansinSpainandFrancehave____14____theBoycottQatarcampaign.”可知，这里指抵制卡塔尔运动。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抵制卡塔尔运动的斯特凡·席尔默解释说，如果人们拒绝观看比赛，可能会产生“积极影响”。A.positive积极的；B.side旁的；C.immediate立即的；D.special特别的。根据“ifpeoplerefusedtowatchthegames,”可知，斯特凡·席尔默认为人们抵制卡塔尔世界杯可能会产生积极影响。故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡塔尔举办世界杯的做法招致了严厉的批评，因为这个国家对很多人都很不好。A.interests兴趣；B.consequence结果；C.criticism批评；D.attention关注。根据“becausethecountrytreatsmanypeoplevery____7____.”及后文的举例可知，卡塔尔举办世界杯的做法招致了许多严厉的批评。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词和副词词义辨析。句意：卡塔尔举办世界杯的做法招致了严厉的批评，因为这个国家对很多人都很不好。A.opinion观点；B.slightly些微地；C.moderately适度地；D.badly严重地；糟糕地。根据“Qatar,asmallcountryintheMiddleEast,haslittle____1____forhumanrights.”可知，卡塔尔不尊重人权，所以是糟糕地对待许多人。故选D。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，女性必须遵守很多严格的规则。A.loose宽松的；B.written书面的；C.convenient方便的；D.strict严格的。根据“Theyhavetogetpermissionfroma____9____familymembertodothingssuchasworkinsomejobs,travelorstudyabroad,andgetmarried.”可知，卡塔尔的女性必须遵守很多严格的规则。故选D。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们必须得到男性家庭成员的许可才能做一些事情，比如工作、旅行或出国留学，以及结婚。A.senior高级的；B.female女性的；C.junior下级的；D.male男性的。根据“For第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 example,womenhavetofollowalotof____8____rules.”可知，在卡塔尔，女性必须得到男性家庭成员的许可才能做一些事情。故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了建造世界杯场馆，来自其他国家的工人不得不在恶劣的条件下工作，包括长时间和酷暑，工资却很低。A.Locals当地人；B.Workers工人；C.Residents居民；D.Immigrants移民。根据“fromothercountrieshavehadtowork”可知，这里指来自其他国家的工人来卡塔尔建造世界杯场馆。故选B。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了建造世界杯场馆，来自其他国家的工人不得不在恶劣的条件下工作，包括长时间和酷暑，工资却很低。A.terrible可怕的；恶劣的；B.perfect完美的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.well-developed发育良好的。根据“includinglonghoursandsevere____12____,forverylittlepay”可知，在卡塔尔的工人工作条件恶劣。故选A。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了建造世界杯场馆，来自其他国家的工人不得不在恶劣的条件下工作，包括长时间和酷暑，工资却很低。A.air空气；B.heat热；C.drought干旱；D.cold寒冷。根据常识可知，卡塔尔天气炎热。故选B。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了建造世界杯场馆，来自其他国家的工人不得不在恶劣的条件下工作，包括长时间和酷暑，工资却很低。A.buildings建筑物；B.castles城堡；C.stadiums体育场；D.roads道路。根据“____10____fromothercountrieshavehadtoworkin____11____conditions,”可知，工人来卡塔尔是为了建造世界杯场馆。故选C。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：西班牙和法国的球迷支持抵制卡塔尔运动。A.banned禁止；B.missed错过；C.supported支持；D.protested抗议。根据“StefanSchirmer,fromtheBoycottQatar____4____,explainedthatifpeoplerefusedtowatchthegames,itcouldhave“a____5____effect”.”可知，西班牙和法国的球迷支持抵制卡塔尔世界杯。故选C。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项调查发现，70%的英国人认为卡塔尔主办世界杯是不可接受的。A.unequal不平等的；B.unable不能的；C.unreal不真实的；D.unacceptable不能接受的。根据“FootballfansinSpainandFrancehave____14____theBoycottQatarcampaign.”可知，许多英国人也认为卡塔尔主办世界杯是不可接受的。故选D。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AccordingtoAmericannews,anewstudyhasfoundthattheriskof____51____(die),hospitalizationandserioushealthissuesfromCOVID-19increaseswithreinfectionregardless____52____vaccination(接种疫苗).ThestudyexaminedU.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairsdata____53____(collect)fromMarch1,2020throughApril6,2022.It____54____(include)informationon443,588patientswithoneSARS-CoV-2infection,40,947withtwoormoreinfections,and5.3million____55____werenotinfected.Mostofthestudysubjects____56____(be)male.“ReinfectionwithCOVID-19increasestheriskof____57____acute(急性的)outcomesandlongCOVID,”saidDr.ZiyadAl-AlyofWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.Headdedthatthiswasclear“inunvaccinated,vaccinatedandboostedpeople.”Reinfectedpatientshada____58____(high)riskofhospitalizationandlifesafetycomparedwithindividualsinfectedonlyonce.Thepatientsalsohadincreasedrisksfor____59____numberofotherhealthproblems,thestudy,reportedinNatureMedicine,found.Theproblemsaffectedthelungs,heart,blood,kidneys,____60____(bone)andmuscles.Reinfectionalsoincreasedtheriskofmentalhealth,brainandnervedisorders.【答案】51.death52.of53.collected54.included55.who##that56.were57.both58.higher59.a60.bones【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了COVID-19再次感染都会增加死亡、住院和严重健康问题的风险。【51题详解】考查名词。句意：据《美国新闻》报道，一项新的研究发现，无论是否接种疫苗，COVID-19再次感染都会增加死亡、住院和严重健康问题的风险。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词of，所以空处应填名词，die的名词形式是death。故填death。【52题详解】第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查介词。句意：据《美国新闻》报道，一项新的研究发现，无论是否接种疫苗，COVID-19再次感染都会增加死亡、住院和严重健康问题的风险。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：regardlessof意为“不论”。故填of。【53题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究调查了美国退伍军人事务部从2020年3月1日到2022年4月6日收集的数据。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词examined，所以collect应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是data，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填collected。【54题详解】考查动词时态。句意：其中包括443,588名感染了一次SARS-CoV-2的患者，40,947名感染了两次或两次以上感染的患者，以及530万未感染的患者。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句谓语动词，include和主语it之间是主动关系，根据后文从句中用的是一般过去时，所以此处也用一般过去时。故填included。【55题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：其中包括443,588名感染了一次SARS-CoV-2的患者，40,947名感染了两次或两次以上感染的患者，以及530万未感染的患者。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词引导，先行词是5.3million，此处代指的是人，所以应该用who/that引导。故填who/that。【56题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大多数研究对象都是男性。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以be动词做本句谓语，主语是Mostofthestudysubjects为复数，时态根据前文用的是一般过去时，所以此处也用一般过去时。故填were。【57题详解】考查连词。句意：圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院的ZiyadAl-Aly博士说:“再次感染COVID-19会增加急性病症和长时间COVID的风险。”分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：both...and...意为“两者都…”。故填both。【58题详解】考查形容词。句意：与只感染过一次的人相比，再次感染的患者住院和生命安全的风险更高。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词a，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，再根据后文“comparedwithindividualsinfectedonlyonce”可知，此处在做比较，应该用比较。故填higher。【59题详解】考查冠词。句意：这项发表在《自然医学》杂志上的研究还发现，这些患者出现其他一些健康问题的风险也增加了。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：anumberof意为“许多”。故填a。第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【60题详解】考查名词。句意：这些问题影响到肺、心脏、血液、肾脏、骨骼和肌肉。分析句子结构可知，空处和lungs,heart,blood,kidneys并列，所以空处应填名词，bone“骨骼”为可数名词，空处应填复数形式。故填bones。第四部分写作(25分)61.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150词左右。Itwassuchanicedayandit’sSunday.Ileftfortheparkwithmyskateboard.Thereweresomanykidsinthecentralsquare.Theparentschattedmerrilyinsmallgroups,occasionallytakingaglanceattheirkids.Iskatedforabouthalfanhourandtookabreakonthenearbybench.Earlysummermorningwasalwaysthebesttime,thebirdchirpinginthetreesandcoolwindsblowinginmyface.HowcouldImissit?DadsaidhewasgoingtomowthelawnintheyardontheweekendandaskedwhetherIcouldhelp.Imadeanexcuseandjustranaway.ItookalookaroundtheparkbeforeIstoodupandspottedanoldmanonthefarsideofthepark.Hekeptbendingforwardandthrewsomethingintoaplasticbagwithhim.Iwatchedforawhileandrealizedwhathewasdoing.Hewaspickingupthelitter.Atfirst,IthoughthemightbeacleanerworkingintheparkbutIhadneverseenhimbefore.“Whoishe?It’sSundayandheisnothereforfun?”Italkedtomyself.Iwentonskatingandforgotabouthim.Timewentfastandthesunwasalreadyhighupinthesky.ItwasgettinghotandIwastired.IwasreadytogowhenIsawtheoldmanagain.Theparkwashalfempty.Hewasstillthere,collectingtherubbishleftonthebencheswithmucheffort.Timeandtimeagain,hestoppedtostraightenhisbodybutheshowednosignofleavingsoon.Clearly,itwashardworkforpeopleofhisaage.“Nottoleave?Whatifhehasnowaterleftinsuchhotweather?”Iwondered.Withsomehesitation,Iwalkedtowardhim.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Obviously,myfatherwassurprisedthatIcouldoffertogivehimahand.第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Withsomehesitation,Iwalkedtowardhim.“WouldyoupleasetellmewhyyoupickupgarbageonSunday?”Iasked.Theoldmantoldmethattherewastoomuchgarbageinthepark,makingtheparklookterrible.Hejustdidwhathecouldtomaketheparktidy.Ihandedtheoldmanabottleofwaterandpickedupgarbagewithhim,afterwhichIwenthomehurriedly.Seeingmyfathermowingthelawn,Iwenttohelphim.Obviously,myfatherwassurprisedthatIcouldoffertogivehimahand.Iworkedhardwithoutsayinganything.Lookingatthetidylawn,Ifeltverytiredbuthappy.Myfatherhuggedmeandsaidthathewasproudofme.IwasawarethattheoldmanIcameacrossintheparktaughtmealesson.Imadeupmymindtogetreadytohelpothersasmuchaspossibleandmakeourworldabetterplacetolivein.Ofcourse,Imuststartwithsmallthingslikethis.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了星期天，作者拒绝了父亲修剪草坪的请求，来到公园玩滑板。作者看到一位老人在捡垃圾，当天气越来越热时，老人仍在忙着捡垃圾，作者为老人感到担心。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“有些犹豫，我向他走去。”可知，本段可描写作者询问老人在星期天捡垃圾的原因，之后和老人一起捡垃圾。②由第二段首句内容“显然，我父亲很惊讶我能帮他一把。”可知，本段可描写作者急忙回家帮助父亲修剪草坪，看着整洁的草坪，作者感到累但是很快乐。2.续写线索：走向老人——询问原因——帮助老人使公园变整洁——帮助父亲使草坪变整洁——累但很快乐——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①告诉我：tellme/letmeknow②递给：hand/pass③帮助他：helphim/givehimahand/dohimafavor④开始：start/begin/initiate情绪类第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①匆忙地：hurriedly/inahurry②快乐的：happy/delighted【点睛】[高分句型1]WouldyoupleasetellmewhyyoupickupgarbageonSunday?(why引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Myfatherhuggedmeandsaidthathewasproudofme.(that引导的宾语从句)听力答案：1-20BCBCCABACCABBAABCABA第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第26页/共26页学科网（北京）股份有限公司