四川省成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高三下学期入学考试英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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成都外国语学校2023-2024学年度下期高三开学考试英语试题注意事项:1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干准后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第I卷（100分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatairlineisthemantaking?A.ChinaAirline.B.ChinaNorthernAirline.C.ChinaSouthernAirline.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatairlineareyoutaking?M:I’mtakingChinaSouthernAirline.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanfoundtheessayverydifficult.B.Theessaywasdifficulttocompleteinhalfanhour.C.Thewomanfoundtheessayeasy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Theliteratureessayissoboring.Iworkedallnightandcouldn’tfinishit. W:Youworkedallnight?Ittookmeonlyonehour.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthemangettoclassyesterday?A.At2:30.B.At2:00.C.At1:30.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Don’tblameyourselftoomuch.Itistooearlytostarttheafternoonclassat1:00pm.M:Notheclasshasbeenrescheduledto2:00pm,andIwasstill30minuteslateyesterday.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecampus?A.It’sbeautiful.B.It’saGreekcampus.C.It’sasmallcampus.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow!Idolikethiscampus:thegreenlawns,andtheoldbuildingswithtallcolumns.It’sreallybeautiful.M:Itsureis.ThearchitectureofthesebuildingsisintheGreekstyle.Itwaspopularintheeighteenthcenturyhere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstocatchthecockroach(蟑螂).B.Sheasksthewaitertocatchtheinsect.C.Shewantstoconfirmsomething【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,waiter.Canyoucomeoverhereandmakeoutwhatthisis?M:Oh,mygod.Ithinkthat’sacockroach(蟑螂).W:Sothere’snothingwrongwithmyeyes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6.Howarethespeakerstraveling?A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.7.Whatisthedestinationofthespeakers?A.NewYork.B.WashingtonD.C.C.SanJose.8.Whyarethespeakersgoingtothegasstation?A.Togetsomegas.B.Tobuysomefood.C.Toaskdirections.【答案】6.C7.B8.C【解析】【原文】M:DoyouseethesignsforWashingtonD.C.?W:No.Accordingtothemapweshouldbeclosetothecity,butthehighwaysignsdon’tsayanythingaboutWashingtonD.C..M:Whatnamesdothesignsshow?W:IseeroadsignsforSanJoseandNewYork.Doyouthinkwe’relost?M:Yeah,Ithinkwe’regoinginthewrongdirection.IhopewecanreachWashingtonD.C.beforeitgetsdark.W:Oh,IthinkIseeagasstationupthereontheright.M:Great!Ihopewehaven’tgonetoofaroutoftheway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】9.Wherewasthemanbroughtup?A.InMunich.B.InWisconsin.C.InLosAngeles.10.WhatdidthemandoinEurope?A.Hewenttocollege.B.Hewenttheretolookforajob.C.HetraveledandlivedinEuropeforawhile.11.WhendidthemanleaveMunich?A.In1984.B.In1995.C.In1997.【答案】9.B10.C11.C【解析】【原文】W:WereyouborninLosAngeles?M:No,IwasborninChicagoasamatteroffact. W:Oh,wereyou?M:Yeah.Igrewupinthesuburbs,inWisconsin,andthenImovedoutherewhenIwasfourteen.W:Soyouwenttohighschoolhere?M:Yeah,that’sright.IgraduatedfromLincolnHigh.W:Andthenyouwenttocollege?M:No,Notexactly.FirstIwenttoEurope.W:Oh.Totravel?M:Well,yes,andIalsolivedinMunichforawhile.W:WhendidyouarriveinMunich?M:Letmeseenow.Thatwasaboutelevenyearsago.Yeah,in1995.W:Andhowlongdidyoustaythere?M:Foralmosttwoyears.W:Oh,thatmustbeveryinteresting.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】12.Whereistheman?A.Intheshop.B.Onthestreet.C.Intheoffice.13.Howmanykindsofcolorsdoesthemanmention?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.14.Whatkindofsuitdoesthemanbuy?A.Theblackpurewoolsuit.B.Thenavybluewoolsuit.C.Thegraywoolsuit.【答案】12.A13.B14.C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou,Sir?M:I’dlikeadarkbusinesssuit,thekindthatnevergoesoutofstyle.Somethinginwool,Iguess.W:Rightthisway.Wehavesomeexcellentpurewoolsuits.Woolhasthebestofeverything—morecomfort,morequality,morevalue.Butastostyle,Ithinkyoushouldrealizethateventhemostconservative(传统)stylesstillchange.M:I’msureyou’reright.It’sjustthatI’mafraidofbuyinganewsuiteveryyear. W:Well,thechangesareusuallynotsogreat.Whatdoyouthinkofthisone?M:That’sabittooformalforme.I’dlikeadarkgray,ornavyblue,orblack.ButIpreferasolidcolor.W:Here,trythisgrayone…Thatlooksalmostthetailormadeforyou.M:It’sjustwhatIwanted.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】15.Whatdoesthewomanrecommendatfirst?A.Roastbeef.B.Castlesteak.C.Roastchicken.16.Whatkindofsoupdoesthemanorder?A.Thecreamofmushroomsoup.B.Thetomatoandeggsoup.C.Thechickensoup.17.Whatdessertdoesthemanorder?A.Icecream.B.Ricepudding.C.Peachpie.【答案】15.C16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:MayItakeyourorder,Sir?M:Well,it’sveryhardtodecide.Isthereanyparticulardishyouwouldrecommend?W:Theroastchickenisverygoodtonight.M:I’mnotveryfondofchicken.Ifeellikeaporterhousesteak(上等的腰肉牛排)tonight...Whatisthiscastlesteakonthemenu?W:It’sasmallsteakcookedonagrill.M:Oh!W:Maybeyou’dliketotrytoday’sspecial—roastbeef,whichincludesappetizer,soup,salad,choiceofdessert,andteaorcoffee.M:IthinkI’lltrythat.W:Whatappetizerwouldyoulike?M:I’llhavethefruitcocktail.W:Andthesoup?M:I’llhavethecreamofmushroomsoup,andI’dlikeFrenchdressingonmysalad.W:Verywell,Sir. M:CanIordermydessertnow?W:Yes,ofcourse.Wehavepumpkinlayerpie,peachpie,ricepudding,icecream,andchocolatecake.M:I’llhavericepuddingandblackcoffee.W:OK,Sir.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Howmanypeoplediedinalandslidein2003?A.Abouttwohundred.B.Overonethousand.C.Abouttwothousand.19.WhathasthePhilippinesbannedforseveralyears?A.Growinggrass.B.Cuttingdowntrees.C.Growingpopulation.20.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisetoprotectourenvironment?A.Growingmoreforests.B.Choppingdowntheoldforests.C.Gettingbusyinprotectingourcountry.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Treesareprettyimportanttotheenvironment.Soitmakessensethatifyouchopdowntoomanyoftheseanddon’treplacethem,andyou’regoingtorunintoallsortsofproblems.ThePhilippinesknowsallaboutthat.It’slostmorethantwothirdsofitsforestareainlessthanahundredyears.In2003,aslideofalargemassofdirtandrockdownamountainorcliff,orwecallalandslide,killedaroundtwohundredpeople.Recentlyanotherlandslideburiedanentirevillageinmud.It’sbelievedmorethanonethousandpeopledied.Thecauseofthislandslideisstillbeingdebated.Mostsayitwastheheavyrainfall.Imeanwe’retalkingabouttwothousandmillimetersofrainintendaysthat’squiteadownpour.Somesayaminorearthquakeplayedapart,whileothersblamedtheremovaloftrees.Ofcourse,itcouldbeacombinationofallthosethings.WhilethePhilippinesbannedchoppingdowntreesforseveralyears,itstartedagainin2005.PartlybecausethePhilippinespopulationisgrowingatarapidrate,sothelandisneededforhousingandfarming.Sohowdoyousupporttheincreasingpopulationwithoutruiningtheenvironment?Growmoreplantations—forests,whichareforcommercialuse.Anddon’tdestroyournative’sforest.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 AWhileattractionsliketheShardandtheLondonEyeofferexcellentperspectives,they’realwaysbusyandticketpricesaresteep.Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge,youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.ParliamentHillLondonismostlyflat,butifyouknowwheretolookthereareafewhillsthatprovidenatural(andfree)highpointsofferingcityviewswithasideorderoffreshair.OneofthemostcentralisParliamentHillonHampsteadHeath—at98m,oneofLondon’shighestnaturalviewpoints.Fromhere,onaclearday,youcansitontheparkbenchthatfeaturedinmovieslikeRunFatboyRunandNotesonaScandal.Entryfee:freeTheGardenMuseumTowerIfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation,battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright,pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames,you’llcometoamedieval(中世纪的)church.WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign,it’sthe14th-Centurytowerthat’sthemainattractionforphotographers.Climbthe131stepsofthenarrowspiralstaircaseandyou’llemergeontooneofthefinestriversideviewpointsinthecity—withviewsacrosstothePalaceofWestminsterontheright.Entryfee:Adultf16,orToweronly4TheIFSCloudCableCarIfyouwanttosoaroverLondoninaglasspod,theobviousplacetogoistheLondonEye.Butacheaperandcrowd-freealternativeistoridetheIFSCloudCableCar.Theviewsareimpressiveatanytime,buttheCableCarstaysopenlate,soyoucanevenenjoymagnificentsunsetsfromthewest—facingsideoradmirethetwinklingcitylightsafterdark.Entryfee:E6one-waySeabird,SouthwarkLondonhasnoshortageofrooftopvenues(场所)offeringknockoutcityscapeviews,soitcanbehardtopickjustoneortwo.Butforlocation,anglesandagreatexperience,itdoesn’tgetmuchbetterthanSeabird,onthe14thflooroftheHoxtonhotelinSouthwarkwithnothingtoblockviewsonthreesides.Entryfee:Buyadrink:draughtbeercosts₤6.50orsmallglassofwineis₤9;aportionofolivescosts₤5.21.Wherecanyougoifyouwanttophotographthe14th-Centurytower?A.TheLondonEye. B.ThesouthsideoftheThames.C.Therooftopvenues.D.AplacenearStPaul’sCathedral.22.Inwhichviewpointcanyoujustbuyadrinkandenjoyfreecityviews?A.ParliamentHill.B.TheGardenMuseumTower.C.TheIFSCloudCableCar.D.Seabird,Southwark.23Whatdothe4viewpointshaveincommon?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyarewell-known.C.Theyarenotcrowded.D.Theyarenotcheap.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处省钱又不拥挤的景点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheGardenMuseumTower”部分的句子“IfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation,battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright,pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames,you’llcometoamedieval(中世纪的)church.WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign,it’sthe14th-Centurytowerthat’sthemainattractionforphotographers.”（如果你从西敏寺车站左出口，过了桥，然后右转，经过大本钟，沿着泰晤士河南岸走，你就会来到一座中世纪的教堂。虽然你可能对英国花园设计感兴趣，但对摄影师来说，这座14世纪的塔楼才是最吸引人的地方）可知，从泰晤士河南岸，可以拍摄这座14世纪的塔楼。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Seabird,Southwark”部分的句子“Entryfee:Buyadrink:draughtbeercosts₤6.50orsmallglassofwineis₤9;aportionofolivescosts₤5.”（入场费：购买饮料：生啤酒6.5英镑，小杯葡萄酒9英镑；一份橄榄售价5英镑）可知，进入Seabird,Southwark的入场费是买一杯饮料。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge,youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyour skylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.”（但只要掌握一些内幕知识，你就可以在以下没有人群的景点拍足够多的照片）可知，这几处景点的共同之处在于它们都不拥挤。故选C项。BTechnologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme.Literally,inthecaseofmyfullyaccessiblehome.Mywindowsareautomatic,andmyfrontdoorisautomatictoo.Therearealsomywheelchairs.Iguessthatanywheelchairuserwillsaythebestinventionisthatofthewheel.It’satoolbringingindependenceandcomfort.Lastweek,Itookawell-deservedbreakfromworkandwentonastaycationinmylocalarea.Onthefirstday,IwasheadingfurtheroutinmypowerwheelchairthanI’veeverbeenonmyown.ThischairisalmostlikeaTransformer.Ilikethespeed,thephonechargerandtheflexiblefeature.It’sawonderfulcreation.However,whiletherearemanybenefitsthatcomewithtechnology,Istillliveinadisablingworld.Forexample,outinmypowerwheelchairthatday,feelingfreeandeasy,Iheadedstraighttotheshopnotfaraway.Ideservetofeelheardandincludedwheninnovationisconcerned.ButwhenIgotthere,Iwasconfrontedbyself-servicecheckouts.Whiletheyaredesignedforeasyandquickservice,formeandmanyotherdisabledpeople,thelackofface-to-faceservicescanputusatadisadvantage.Notonlyarethecheckoutsfartoohigh,theyareawkwardlydesignedsothatyoucannotapproachthemwithawheelchair.So,Iwaitedforsomeonetoassistme.Injustamatterofafewhours,Ihadseenhowtechnologyandaccessibilityadvancementshaveempoweredmethen,inthenextbreath,disabledme.Istillliveinadisablingworldwithsub-standardaccessibility.Therefore,disabledpeoplebyandlargearemorelikelytorelyonmechanicalandtechnologicaldevicessuchasliftsandcommunicationaids.Unfortunately,thesethingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,makingthepersonrelyingonthemdependentonothers.24.Howdoestheauthorthinkoftechnologyaccordingtoparagraphs1and2?A.Hecastssomedoubtsonit.B.Heshowsmuchgratitudeforit.C.Heexpressescuriosityaboutit.D.Hefeelsreallycarefreewithit.25.Whathappenedtotheauthorintheshop?A.Hecameacrossmanyotherdisabledpeoplebychance.B.Hewaitedquiteafewhoursinordertocheckout.C.Hewasunabletoseekassistancefromothers.D.Hecouldn’tusetheself-servicecheckoutbyhimself. 26.Whydoestheauthorsayhestilllivesinadisablingworld?A.Hethinksitisnoteasytomakehisvoiceheard.B.Someshopsareinaccessibletowheelchairusers.C.Hefindsitreallyhardtofitinwithnon-disabledpeople.D.Thingsrelatedtotechnologyaresometimesoutofservice.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MydifferentviewsconcerningdisabilityBHowImakefulladvantageoftechnologyC.Mylove-haterelationshipwithtechnologyD.HowIliveindependentlyasadisabledman【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了科技给残疾人带来了便利，但人们对机械和科技设备的使用和保护不当也为残疾人的生活带来很多不便。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Technologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme.”（科技无疑为我打开了世界。）和第二段关键句“ThischairisalmostlikeaTransformer.Ilikethespeed,thephonechargerandtheflexiblefeature.It’sawonderfulcreation.”（这把椅子几乎像个变形金刚。我喜欢速度、手机充电器和灵活的功能。这是一个奇妙的创造。）可知，作者认为科技为自己打开了世界，身为一个残疾人，作者利用科技创造的轮椅获得了很多便利，由此可知，根据第1段和第2段内容可知，作者对技术深表感激。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Notonlyarethecheckoutsfartoohigh,theyareawkwardlydesignedsothatyoucannotapproachthemwithawheelchair.So,Iwaitedforsomeonetoassistme.”（不仅结账台太高，而且设计得没有技巧，以至于你不能用轮椅接近它们。所以，我等着有人来帮助我。）可知，作者在自助结账时，由于结账台太高，他不能用轮椅接近他们，以至于作者不得不等着有人来帮助自己，由此可知，作者在商店里不能自己使用自助结账。故选D项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Istillliveinadisablingworldwithsub-standardaccessibility.Therefore,disabledpeoplebyandlargearemorelikelytorelyonmechanicalandtechnologicaldevicessuchasliftsandcommunicationaids.Unfortunately,thesethingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,makingthepersonrelying onthemdependentonothers.”（我仍然生活在一个残疾的世界，没有达到标准。因此，残疾人总的来说更可能依赖机械和技术设备，如电梯和通信辅助设备。不幸的是，这些东西有时被滥用和虐待，使依赖它们的人依赖于其他人。）可知，因为机械和科技设备有时会被乱用或被人为破坏，导致这些设备无法正常使用，在这种情况下，作者还得求助别人，所以作者说自己还生活在一个残疾的世界中，由此可知，作者说他仍然生活在一个残疾的世界，因为与技术相关的东西有时无法使用。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“Technologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme.”（科技无疑为我打开了世界。）和最后一段关键句“Unfortunately,thesethingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,makingthepersonrelyingonthemdependentonothers.”（不幸的是，这些东西有时被滥用和虐待，使依赖它们的人依赖于其他人。）可知，作者在第一、二段中描述了科技给他的生活带来的益处，第三段从反面说明了科技对他的生活产生的影响，作者在最后一段中表明，人们对机械和科技设备的使用和保护不当也为残疾人的生活带来很多不便，由此可知，作者在本文中表明了他对科技爱恨交加的态度，“Mylove-haterelationshipwithtechnology”意为“我与科技爱恨交加的关系”，选项能够概括文章的主要内容。故选C项。CCancer-fightinggenesinelephantscouldhelptackleoneofthebiggestkillersofpeople,accordingtoresearch.Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,withdeathratesoflessthan5percent.Theparadoxhaspuzzledscientistsbecausemorecellsleadtogreaterreplications(复制),whichincreasesthepossibilityofthebodyfailingtodetectdamagedDNAorafaultycellthatcanresultintumors(肿瘤).Elephantsliveforalmostaslongashumansandweighuptofivetons.However,agroupofBritishandEuropeanscientistssaytheyhavetakenabigsteptowardssolvingPeto’sparadox,namedaftertheBritishepidemiologistSirRichardPeto.Elephants,theysay,carryamuchlargermorediversegroupoftumor-fightingproteins.Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonsyearly.Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism’slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumor.Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe“guardianofthegenome”,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforself-destruct,keepingthecellfromcombiningwithothersandproducingtumors.Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers.Biochemicalanalysisandcomputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephant’sp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuch largeranti-cancertoolkit.Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotcombinewithothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.28.Whathaspuzzledscientists?A.Fewelephantsendupdyingfromcancer.B.Elephantslivelongandweighenormously.C.Morecellsleadtohigherchancesoftumors.D.Alargerbodyislesslikelytodiscoverfaultycells.29.WhatcanbelearntfromParagraph4?A.HowmanyBritonsdieeachyear.B.Howtheanti-cancergeneworks.C.Howtheresearchwascarriedout.D.Whatthefindingshavebeenappliedto.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skirt”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Strengthen.B.Detect.C.Escaped.D.Cure.31.Whichisthetextmainlyabout?A.Scientistsfindelephantslivelongerthanhumans.B.P53genesplayessentialroleinpreventingcancer.C.Elephantgenescouldbekeytofightingcancer.D.Groundbreakingtreatmentforcancerisontheway.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，表明大象的抗癌基因可能是对抗癌症的关键。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,withdeathratesoflessthan5percent.(尽管大象的身体很大，寿命也很长，但它们死于癌症的可能性比人类小得多，死亡率不到5%。)”可知，让科学家们感到困惑的是很少有大象最终死于癌症。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism’slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumor.Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe‘guardianofthegenome’,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforself-destruct,keepingthecellfromcombiningwithothersandproducingtumors.(细胞在生物体的一生中不断分裂，每个细胞都有产生肿瘤的风险。人体的武器之一是被称为‘基因组守护者’的p53基因，它会搜寻有缺陷DNA的细胞。它鼓励细胞自我修复或自我毁灭，防止细胞与其他细胞结合并产生肿瘤。)”可知，从本段我们可以了解到抗癌基因是如何工作的。故选B项。 【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe‘guardianofthegenome’,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.(人体的武器之一是被称为‘基因组守护者’的p53基因，它会搜寻有缺陷DNA的细胞。)”和划线词句前文“Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers.Biochemicalanalysisandcomputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephant’sp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuchlargeranti-cancertoolkit.(研究人员说，人类有两种p53基因，但大象有40种。生化分析和计算机模拟还表明，大象的p53基因在结构上略有不同，这提供了一个更大的抗癌工具包。)”可知，p53基因具有抗癌作用，人类有两种此类基因，而大象却有40种，从而推知划线词句“Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotcombinewithothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.(研究人员怀疑，虽然有缺陷的细胞可能能够skirt两种p53，但面对几十种，它们无法轻易与其他细胞结合。)”其中划线词汇意思是“绕过，逃避，躲避”，即有缺陷的细胞（致癌细胞）有可能躲避两种抗癌基因，但是不容易躲避几十种。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中“Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonsyearly.(上周发表在《分子生物学与进化》杂志上的这一发现，让人们看到了希望：大象身上的抗癌基因可能是治疗癌症的关键。)”和最后一段“Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.(这一发现将为研究大象的p53基因如何被激活以及人类的医学治疗开辟道路。)”可知，本文主要讲的是大象抗癌基因可能是对抗癌症的关键。故选C项。DThestreets,sidewalksandroofsofcitiesallabsorbheatduringtheday,makingsomeurbanareasacrosstheUnitedStatesupto6degreesFahrenheithotterthanruralonesduringtheday—and22degreesFhotteratnight.These“urbanheatislands”canalsodevelopundergroundasthecityheatspreadsdownward,beneaththesurface.Andbasements,subwaytunnelsandotherundergroundinfrastructurealsoconstantlybleedheatintothesurroundingearth,creatinghotspots.Nowtheundergroundheatisbuildingupastheplanetwarms.AccordingtoanewstudyofdowntownChicago,undergroundhotspotsmaythreatentheverysamestructuresthatemittheheatinthefirstplace.Suchtemperaturechangesmakethegroundaroundthemexpandandcontract(收缩)enoughtocausepotentialdamage.“Withoutanyonerealizingit,thecityofChicago’sdowntownwasdeforming,”saysthestudy’sauthorAlessandroF.RottaLoria,acivilandenvironmentalengineeratNorthwesternUniversity. Thefindings,publishedinCommunicationsEngineering,exposea“silenthazard(危险)”tocivilinfrastructureincitieswithsofterground—especiallythosenearwater—RottaLoriasays.“Theremighthavebeenstructuralissuescausedbythisundergroundclimatechangethathappened,andwedidn’tevenrealize,”headds.Whilenotanimmediateordirectdangertohumanlives,thispreviouslyunknowneffecthighlightstheimpactsofalesser-knowncomponentofclimatechange.Similartoclimatechangeabovethesurface,theseundergroundchangesoccuroverlongperiodsoftime.“Theseeffectstookdecades,acentury,todevelop,”RottaLoriasays,addingthatelevatedundergroundtemperatureswouldlikewisetakealongtimetodissipate(逐渐消失)ontheirown.Butotherresearchersinterviewedforthisstoryallsaythiswastedenergycouldalsoberecycled,presentinganopportunitytobothcoolthesubsurfaceandsaveonenergycosts.Subwaytunnelsandbasementscouldbeupdatedwithtechnologiestorecapturetheheat.Forexample,waterpipescouldbeinstalledtorunthroughundergroundhotspotsandpickupsomeoftheheatenergy.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“urbanheatislands”?A.Theycandevelopundergroundstructures.B.Theyareimpactedbyglobalwarming.C.Theycandestroythegroundaround.D.TheyonlyexistintheUnitedStates.33.WhydoesAlessandroF.RottaLoriamention“silenthazard”inparagraph3?A.Todiscussstructuralissues.B.Tocategorizeclimatechange.C.Toexplainundergroundheat.D.Toemphasizetheneglectedreality.34.Whatwilltheauthorprobablywriteaboutintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Thefutureoftunnelsandbasements.B.Thereusingapproachesofheatenergy.C.Thecostofmaintainingstructures.D.Theevolutionofundergroundenvironment.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WarmingUnderground,WeakeningSurfaceB.ASilverLiningofGlobalWarmingC.UrbanSilentIslandsintheMaking D.ASilentCrisisinDowntownChicago【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地下气候变暖对城市地面建筑的负面影响的隐蔽性与长期性，以及介绍潜在的解决方案.【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Nowtheundergroundheatisbuildingupastheplanetwarms.(现在随着地球变暖，地下热量正在积聚)”可知，“城市热岛”是受到全球气候变暖的影响。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中AlessandroF.RottaLoria所说的““Theremighthavebeenstructuralissuescausedbythisundergroundclimatechangethathappened,andwedidn’tevenrealize(发生的这种地下气候变化可能已经造成了建筑结构上的问题，我们甚至没有意识到)”以及最后一句话“Whilenotanimmediateordirectdangertohumanlives,thispreviouslyunknowneffecthighlightstheimpactsofalesser-knowncomponentofclimatechange.(虽然这不是对人类生命的直接或直接威胁，但这种以前未知的影响突显了气候变化中一个鲜为人知的组成部分的影响)”可推知，提出“无声的危险”是想强调地下气候变暖这一被人忽略的事实。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Butotherresearchersinterviewedforthisstoryallsaythiswastedenergycouldalsoberecycled,presentinganopportunitytobothcoolthesubsurfaceandsaveonenergycosts.Subwaytunnelsandbasementscouldbeupdatedwithtechnologiestorecapturetheheat.Forexample,waterpipescouldbeinstalledtorunthroughundergroundhotspotsandpickupsomeoftheheatenergy.(但接受采访的其他研究人员都表示，这些浪费的能源也可以回收利用，这为冷却地下和节省能源成本提供了机会。地铁隧道和地下室可以更新技术以重新获取热量。例如，可以安装水管穿过地下热点并吸收一些热能)”可知，该段是介绍针对地下气候变暖提出了潜在的解决方案，即可以通过更新地铁隧道和地下室的相关技术来回收利用热能，并举例了可通过安装水管这种方法来获取热能。由此推知，接下来应该是介绍对这种热能的再使用方法。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通过归纳各段大意可知，本文是介绍地下气候变暖对城市地面建筑的负面影响的隐蔽性与长期性，以及介绍潜在的解决方案。由此可知，“地下变暖，地表变弱”适合作本文的标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scienceshowsthatstretching(拉伸)isessentialafterexercise.Stretchinglengthensandmobilizestheconnectivetissuearoundyourmuscle.What’smore,stretchinghelpsyourbloodflowandevenrelievesyourstress.____36____Youcouldfeelsick.Youwon’tbesurprisedtoknowthatwhenyouexercise,youraiseyourheartrateforaperiodoftime.Whileit’sgreattogetthatbloodflowing,it’sjustasimportanttogetyourheartratebacktoanormallevelaftertheworkoutisover.____37____Asyourheartisbeatingfasterandyourbodytemperatureishigher,youcouldpassoutorfeelsickifyoustoptoofast.Stretchingafterphysicalactivityallowsagradualdecreaseattheendoftheepisode.Yourmuscleswilllikelybecomestifferandmoresore.Whenyouexerciseyourmuscles,itproduceslacticacid(乳酸),whichisactuallywhatcausesyourmusclestobecomesore.Whenyourestbetweenperiodsofexercise,yourbodynaturallybreaksdownthatlacticacid.Onethingthathelpsyourbodygetridofthatlacticacid?____38____.Stretchinghelpsyoudistributeoxygenthroughoutyourbody,whichcanreducelacticacidproductionandridyourmusclesofanyaccumulationoflacticacid.____39____Flexibilityiscloselyrelatedtoinjuryrisk.Poorflexibilitywillcauseyoutohavemusclesthatgettiredquickerandjointsthataremorelikelytosufferfrominjury.Besides,yourweakenedrangeofmotionwillleadtolessbloodandnutrientstoyourjoints.____40____Stickingtostretchingexerciseafterphysicalactivitycanhopefullyimproveyourflexibility.A.You’llbeatriskofinjury.B.Youguessedit:Stretching.C.You’llimproveyourflexibilitybystretching.D.Itdoeswondersforbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth.E.Thisisalsoknowninthefitnessworldas“coolingdown”.F.Thereareharmfulsideeffectsifyoudon’tstretchafterexercise.G.That’swhypeopleoftenfeelpainintheir“weightbearing”jointslikekneesandhips.【答案】36.F37.E38.B39.A40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动结束后不做拉伸会带来一些不好的结果。【36题详解】根据前文“Scienceshowsthatstretching(拉伸)isessentialafterexercise.Stretchinglengthensandmobilizestheconnectivetissuearoundyourmuscle.What’smore,stretchinghelpsyourbloodflowandevenrelievesyourstress.” （科学研究表明，运动后的伸展运动是必不可少的。拉伸可以延长和调动你肌肉周围的结缔组织。更重要的是，伸展运动可以帮助你的血液流动，甚至减轻你的压力。）讲述了运动结束后的拉伸运动的好处。下文“Youcouldfeelsick.”（你会觉得恶心。）描述了不做拉伸带来的结果。所以作为本段的结尾可以描述，运动结束不做拉伸会带来一些不好的结果。F项“运动后不做伸展运动会有副作用。”，符合题意，故选F。【37题详解】根据前文“Youwon’tbesurprisedtoknowthatwhenyouexercise,youraiseyourheartrateforaperiodoftime.Whileit’sgreattogetthatbloodflowing,it’sjustasimportanttogetyourheartratebacktoanormallevelaftertheworkoutisover.”（当你锻炼的时候，你会在一段时间内提高你的心率，你不会感到惊讶。虽然让血液流动是很好的，但是在锻炼结束后让你的心率恢复到正常水平也同样重要。）讲到运动结束后要让心率恢复到正常的水平是重要的。E项“这在健身界也被称为“降温”。this指代前文“togetyourheartratebacktoanormallevel”，符合题意，故选E。【38题详解】根据前文“Onethingthathelpsyourbodygetridofthatlacticacid?”（有什么东西能帮助你的身体摆脱乳酸？）可知，空处应讲述这种东西是什么。B项“你猜对了，（就是）伸展运动。”符合题意，故选B。【39题详解】根据下文“Flexibilityiscloselyrelatedtoinjuryrisk.”（柔韧性与受伤风险密切相关。）提到了身体的柔韧程度关系到受伤风险的大小。结合第一段最后一句内容，可知接下来的内容讲述了运动结束后不做拉伸会带来不好的结果，所以空白处应该描述你会经历受伤的风险。A项“你会有受伤的危险。”符合题意，故选A。【40题详解】根据前文“Poorflexibilitywillcauseyoutohavemusclesthatgettiredquickerandjointsthataremorelikelytosufferfrominjury.Besides,yourweakenedrangeofmotionwillleadtolessbloodandnutrientstoyourjoints.”（柔韧性差会导致你的肌肉更容易疲劳，关节更容易受伤。此外，你活动范围的减弱会导致你的关节血液和营养物质的减少。）提到了柔韧性差会让肌肉更容易疲劳，关节更容易受伤，同时活动范围的减弱会导致关节血液和营养物质的减少，所以空处应承接前文，讲述这种情况的具体表现。G项“这就是为什么人们经常感到膝盖和臀部等“承重”关节疼痛的原因。”语义上承接前文，符合题意，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MymemoriesofthosenightsIspentwithmygreat-grandmotherarestillvivid.I____41____themall,because Ihave____42____elsetoremindmeofher.Whilemyfriends____43____displaytreasureslefttothembytheirgrandmothers—preciouschina,antiquesilver,jewelry—allthatIhaveofherisascarfI’dmadeher.Mygreat-grandmotherdidn’thaveachina-and-jewelrykindof____44____.Whilewewereunderthe____45____,shetoldmemany____46____stories.Ifeltthepainamotherfeelswhenheronlysonis____47____missingafterabattle.Ifeltthe____48____awifefeelsasthroatcancerrobsherbeloved____49____ofspeechandultimatelyoflife.Ifeltthe_____50_____oftheDepression(大萧条),whatitwasliketoloseyourhomeandto_____51_____producethathadgonebad.Mygreat-grandmothernevercriedwhenshe_____52_____herpast,andafterward,shealwayssaid,”Oh,kid,it’sagreatlifeifyoudon’t_____53_____.”Afewyearsago,mylifetooka_____54_____turn,andcuriously,Ifoundmygreat-grandmotherandherstoriesfrequentlyoccupyingmy_____55_____.Irealizedthenthat_____56_____shehadnotleftmeanypreciousobjects,shehadleftmeatreasuryofstoriesandawealthof_____57_____.Byturninghersoulinsideouttomeduringthosenightsinbed,she’dgivenmethegreatestgift—her_____58_____,hercouragetofacelifehead-on.Herlegacy(遗赠)gavemethe_____59_____I’dlacked.Ifshecouldsurvivethe_____60_____ofherlife,thenIknewIcould,too.41.A.rememberB.restoreC.receiveD.remark42.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing43.A.apparentlyB.curiouslyC.proudlyD.instantly44.A.careerB.lifeC.futureD.education45.A.pressureB.carriersC.coversD.hardship46.A.popularB.sadC.scaryD.funny47.A.imaginedB.resistedC.declaredD.caught48.A.sorrowB.responsibilityC.annoyanceD.justice49. A.sonB.daughterC.motherD.husband50.A.purposeB.hopelessnessC.competenceD.effectiveness51.A.payoffB.getthroughC.hangonD.surviveon52.A.escapedB.relatedC.transformedD.assumed53.A.weakenB.sharpenC.understandD.condemn54.A.favorableB.carefulC.stressfulD.preventable55.A.mindB.scheduleC.statusD.analysis56.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.although57.A.memoriesB.resourcesC.opportunitiesD.alternatives58.A.dreamB.cautionC.criterionD.strength59.A.fateB.willC.cashD.identification60.A.aspectsB.meansC.difficultiesD.outcomes【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.B45.C46.B47.C48.A49.D50.B51.D52.B53.A54.C55.A56.D57.A58.D59.B60.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了曾祖母没有给作者留下物质财富，但她的那些睡前故事让作者拥有了宝贵的精神财富。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我都记得，因为没有别的东西能让我想起她。A.remember记得；B.restore修复；C.receive接收；D.remark评论。根据“MymemoriesofthosenightsIspentwithmygreat-grandmother arestillvivid.”可知，作者记得与曾祖母在一起时的所有事情。故选A。【42题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A.something某事；B.anything任何事情；C.everything一切；D.nothing没有什么。根据“allthatIhaveofherisascarfI’dmadeher.”可知，没有别的东西能让作者想起她。故选D。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们骄傲地展示着他们祖母留给他们的宝贝——珍贵的瓷器、古董银器、珠宝——而我有的关于她的东西只有一条我给她做的围巾。A.apparently明显地；B.curiously好奇地；C.proudly骄傲地；D.instantly立刻。根据“displaytreasureslefttothembytheirgrandmothers”和“allthatIhaveofherisascarfI’dmadeher.”可知，当朋友们骄傲地展示祖母们留给她们的财宝时，作者有的只是自己给曾祖母织的一条围巾。故选C。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的曾祖母没有那种瓷器珠宝的生活。A.career职业生涯；B.life生活；C.future未来；D.education教育。根据下文中“pain、throatcancer、loseyourhome”可知，曾祖母过的不是那种有瓷器和首饰的生活。故选B。45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们在被窝里的时候，她给我讲了许多悲伤的故事。A.pressure压力；B.carriers载体；C.covers被子；D.hardship艰难。根据上文“thosenightsIspentwithmygreat-grandmother”可知，当作者和曾祖母在被子里时，曾祖母给作者讲了很多故事。故选C。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.popular受欢迎的；B.sad难过的；C.scary吓人的；D.funny有趣的。根据下文中的“Ifeltthepainamotherfeelswhenheronlysonis____7____missingafterabattle.”可知，曾祖母讲的是一些伤心的故事。故选B。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感受到了一个母亲的痛苦，当她唯一的儿子在一场战斗后被宣布失踪。A.imagined想象；B.resisted抵制；C.declared宣布；D.caught抓住。根据“afterabattle”可知，曾祖母唯一的儿子在一场战斗后被宣布失踪。故选C。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感受到了一个妻子的悲伤，因为喉癌夺走了她深爱的丈夫的语言，最终夺走了他的生命。A.sorrow悲伤；B.responsibility责任；C.annoyance烦恼；D.justice公正。根据“asthroatcancerrobsherbeloved____9____ofspeechandultimatelyoflife. ”可知，看着心爱的人由于喉癌而失去说话能力并最终失去生命时，妻子感受到的应该是悲伤。故选A。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.son儿子；B.daughter女儿；C.mother妈妈；D.husband丈夫。根据“wife”可知，此处与之对应的应该是husband。故选D。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感受到了大萧条的绝望，感受到了失去家园、靠变质的农产品生存的感觉。A.purpose目的；B.hopelessness绝望；C.competence能力，胜任；D.effectiveness效果。根据“theDepression(大萧条)”及常识可知，此处指感受到了大萧条的绝望。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.payoff还清；B.getthrough度过；C.hangon坚持；D.surviveon靠……生存。根据“producethathadgonebad.”可知，大萧条时期，曾祖母靠变质的农产品生存。故选D。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的曾祖母在讲述她的过去时从来没有哭过，之后她总是说：“哦，孩子，如果你不软弱，生活就很美好。”A.escaped逃跑；B.related讲述；C.transformed转化，转变；D.assumed假设，假定。根据“nevercried”和“herpast”可知，此处指曾祖母在讲述她的过去时从来不哭。故选B。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.weaken(使)变弱；B.sharpen(使)变得锋利；C.understand理解；D.condemn指责。根据“nevercried”和“it’sgreatlifeifyoudon’t”可知，曾祖母说如果你不变软弱，生活就是美好的。故选A。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我的生活出现了紧张的转折，奇怪的是，我发现我的曾祖母和她的故事经常占据我的脑海。A.favorable有利的；B.careful小心的；C.stressful紧张的；D.preventable可阻止的。根据下文中的“Ifshecouldsurvive”和“thenIknewIcould,too”可知，作者的生活出现了紧张的转折。故选C。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.mind头脑；B.schedule日程安排；C.status地位；D.analysis分析。根据“mygreat-grandmotherandherstories”和“Irealized”可知，作者的头脑里老是想着曾祖母和她的故事。故选A。【56题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：那时我才意识到，尽管她没有给我留下任何珍贵的东西，但她却给我留下了一个故事的宝库和丰富的回忆。A.if如果；B.when当……时候；C.since自从；D.although尽管。上文提到“她没有给我留下任何珍贵的东西”，下文提到“她却给我留下了一个故事的宝库和丰富的回忆。”，上下文之间为让步关系。故选D。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.memories记忆；B.resources资源；C.opportunities机会；D.alternatives可供选择的事物。根据“shehadleftmeatreasuryofstoriesandawealthof”可知，曾祖母给作者留下许多回忆。故选A。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那些躺在床上的夜晚，她把她的灵魂向我敞开，她给了我最好的礼物——她的力量，她直面生活的勇气。A.dream梦想；B.caution谨慎；C.criterion标准；D.strength力量。根据“hercouragetofacelifehead-on”可知，曾祖母给了作者力量。故选D。【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的遗产给了我一直缺乏的意志。A.fate命运；B.will意志；C.cash现金；D.identification鉴定。根据“Oh,kid,it’sagreatlifeifyoudon’t____13____.”可知，此处指曾祖母给了作者意志力。故选B。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她能挺过生活中的困难，那么我知道我也能。A.aspects方面；B.means方式，方法；C.difficulties困难；D.outcomes结果。根据第二段内容以及“survive”和“herlife”可知，如果曾祖母能从她的生活中遇到的困难中存活下来，那作者自己也可以做到。故选C。第II卷（50分）注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分英语知识运用第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withhiswrinkledfingers,WangQimingputtraditionalmakeuponthefacesofyoungperformersbeforedawn,makingfinalpreparationsfortheshehuoparade(游行庆祝).Theshehuoparade,atime-honoredperformanceenjoyingwidespread____61____(popular)inruralareasacrossChina,____62____(date)backtoabout2,000yearsagowhensacrificial(祭祀的)activitieswereperformedtoprayforagoodharvest.Lateron,asdancingandsingingbecamepartoftheparade,itdevelopedintoafolkcustom____63____(stage)duringtheSpringFestivalandLanternFestival____64____(remove)bad luckandbringafreshstartinthenewyear.WangmazuiisinLongxiancounty,____65____(previous)knownasLongZhou,whichisfamousforshehuoparades____66____(feature)authenticperformancesandsimpleyetdelicatefacialmakeup.ThecountywasnamedthehometownofshehuoperformancesbytheChineseFolkLiteratureandArtAssociationin2013.Morethan100shehuofestivitiesareheldinLongxianeveryyear,eachof____67____involvesdozensorhundredsofvillagers.Participantsusuallyperformonhorses____68____pickuptrucks,showingdifferentperformancesincludingstilt(高跷)dancesandlandboats.Wang,65,hasclear____69____(memory)oftheannualperformanceswhenhewasachild.“Myfamilyhasbeenengagedinshehuoperformances_____70_____generations,”hesaid.“Istartedtowatchtheshowinmychildhood,andnowIjoinedthembymakingface-painting.”【答案】61.popularity62.dates63.staged64.toremove65.previously66.featuring67.which68.or69.memories70.for【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了民间习俗——社火游行的历史发展。【61题详解】考查名词。句意：社火游行是一种历史悠久的表演形式，在中国农村地区广泛流行，可以追溯到大约2000年前，那时候人们进行祭祀活动祈求丰收。形容词修饰名词，结合空前widespread，可知此处用不可数名词popularity作宾语，故填popularity。【62题详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：社火游行是一种历史悠久的表演形式，在中国农村地区广泛流行，可以追溯到大约2000年前，那时候人们进行祭祀活动祈求丰收。空处在句中为谓语，表示客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时；主语“theshehuoparade”为单数名词，所以空处用单数。故填dates。【63题详解】考查非谓语。句意：后来，随着唱歌和舞蹈成为游行的一部分，社火成为了一种在春节和元宵节去除坏运气和给新的一年带来新的开始的民间习俗被搬上了舞台。分析可知，“　　　　(stage)duringthe SpringFestivalandLanternFestival”在句中为后置定语，修饰名词custom，custom与动词stage为被动关系，所以此处用过去分词，意为“被在春节和元宵节搬上舞台的习俗”，故填staged。【64题详解】考查非谓语。句意：同上。空处及之后的内容在句中为目的，表示这种民间习俗的目的是去除坏运气和带来新的开始，所以用不定式。故填toremove。【65题详解】考查副词。句意：王马咀村位于陇县，以前被称为“陇州”，这里以真实的表演和简单而精致的面部化妆而闻名。修饰known用副词作状语，故填previously。【66题详解】考查非谓语。句意：同上。分析句子可知，which及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，空处在定语从句中作后置定语，feature与shehuoparades为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。故填featuring。【67题详解】考查定语从句。句意：每年，陇县都会举办100多场社火活动，每场活动都有数十或数百名村民参加。分析可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词“shehuofestivals”并在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。【68题详解】考查连词。句意：参加者通常在马匹或皮卡上表演，表演不同的节目，包括高跷舞和登陆艇。空处前后的两个名词表示选择关系，指表演的场所，所以用连词or，故填or。【69题详解】考查名词复数。句意：现年65岁的王大爷对自己小时候每年的表演记忆犹新。空处在句中作宾语，要用名词。结合句中“whenhewasachild”，可知孩提时代的记忆为复数含义，所以此处用复数。故填memories。【70题详解】考查介词。句意：“我家几代人都从事社火表演，”他说。forgenerations“几代人、祖辈”，固定短语，故填for。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。FatimaMadrigalofCaliforniarecentgavebirthtoaboyandagirl.However,whichsurprisesusmostisthattwinshavedifferentbirthdatesandevenbirthyears.AlfredowasbornonDecember31st,2021at11:45p.m.About15minuteslate,hissisterAylinwasbornonJanuary1st,2022.Fatimasaidherfamily,includingherpartnerRobertandtheirthreeotherschildren,werehappytowelcomethenewbabies.Thebabiesweresupposetocometwoweekslater,buttheirearlyarrivecreatedararesetofbirthdatesandyears.Aylinweighing2.66kilogramsandherbrother2.75kilogramsatbirth.Themedicalcenterwherethetwinswerebornsaidthereareabout120,000twinsbornineachyearintheU.S.However,twinswithdifferentbirthdaysarerare,andthechanceoftwinsbeingbornindifferentyearsisaboutoneintwomillions.【答案】1.recent→recently2.which→what3.在that后面加the4.late→later5.others→other6.suppose→supposed7.arrive→arrival8.weighing→weighed9.删掉in10.millions→million【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述出生在不同的日期和年份的一对双胞胎。【详解】1.考查副词。句意：加利福尼亚的FatimaMadrigal最近生了一个男孩和一个女孩。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词，修饰后面的动词gave。故将recent改为recently。2.考查连接词。句意：最让我们吃惊的是这对双胞胎有不同的出生日期和出生年份。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查主语从句的连词，表示“什么”的意思，在从句中做主语，指事情。故将which改为what。3.考查冠词。句意：见第2题。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定冠词修饰名词twins,表示特指。故在that后面加the。4.考查副词。句意：大约15分钟后，他的妹妹Aylin在2022年1月1日出生了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词，表示“以后”意思。故将late改为later。5.考查形容词。句意：Fatima说，她的家人，包括她的丈夫Robert和他们的其他3个孩子都很高兴地欢迎新宝宝们。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词表示“其他的”意思，修饰后面的名词children。故将others改为other。6.考查谓语。句意：这对双胞胎被预计是2周后到预产期，但是他们的到来创造了稀有的出生年月日。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查一般过去时的被动结构，主语Thebabies和动词suppose是被动的关系，前面已经有were，所以动词要用过去分词形式。故将suppose改为supposed。7.考查名词。句意：见第6 题。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词，表示“到来，到达”，做主语，是抽象名词，所以用单数形式。故将arrive改为arrival。8.考查谓语。句意：出生时，Aylin重2.66公斤，她的哥哥重2.75公斤。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查句子的谓语动词，表示过去的事情，用一般过去式。故将weighing改为weighed。9.考查介词。句意：这对双胞胎出生的医疗中心说，在美国，每年有12万对双胞胎出生。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查eachyear表示“每年”的意思，可以独立做时间状语，所以前面不用介词。故将in删掉。10.考查数词。句意：然而，有不同的出生日期的双胞胎却很少见，并且出生在不同的年份的双胞胎的几率只有两百万分之一。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查数词million前面有基数词修饰时，用单数形式。故将millions改为million。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Besmartonlinelearners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：1.分析优势与不足；2.提出学习建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.题目和首句已为你写好。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】onepossibleversion:BesmartonlinelearnersNetworklearninghasincreasinglybecomeanimportantmeansforpeopletoacquireknowledgeandsolveproblems.Butbeingsmartonlinelearnershasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Firstofall,assmartonlinelearners,wecanmakefulluseofthemostextensiveeducationalresourcestobroadenthehorizon.Besides,wecantaketheinitiativeinourstudybyourselveswithouttimeandspacelimit.Ofcourse,thesedisadvantagesareasfollows.Facedwithallkindsofinformationontheinternet,wecan’ttellthedifferencebetweenthetrueandthefalse,whichmaybeharmfultoourstudyandlife.Ontheotherhand,onlinelearningitselfhassomeimperfections,makingitdifficultforusnottobeaffected.Inconclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproper waytomakeourstudymoreefficient.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以Besmartonlinelearners为题写一篇发言稿，参加学校举办的英语演讲比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累充分利用：makefulluseof→makethemostof扩宽，丰富：broaden→enrich各种各样的：allkindsof→varietiesof影响：affect→influence2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Firstofall,assmartonlinelearners,wecanmakefulluseofthemostextensiveeducationalresourcestobroadenthehorizon.拓展句：Firstofall,assmartonlinelearners,wecanmakefulluseofthemostextensiveeducationalresourcesinorderthatwecanbroadenthehorizon.【点睛】【高分句型1】Facedwithallkindsofinformationontheinternet,wecan’ttellthedifferencebetweenthetrueandthefalse,whichmaybeharmfultoourstudyandlife.（运用了形容词短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Ontheotherhand,onlinelearningitselfhassomeimperfections,makingitdifficultforusnottobeaffected.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语，it作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语）