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1、30ShievaKleinschmidtandJacobRossUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaRepeatableArtworkSentencesandGenerics*WewouldliketothankAlexiBurgess,BenCaplan,StephenFinlay,JohnHawthorne,JamesHigginbotham,ChristyMagUidhir,MarkSchroeder,andGabrielUzquianoforveryhelpfulc
2、ommentsanddiscussions.OurgreatestdebtistoKarenLewis,BarrySchein,andJoshuaSpencerforveryhelpfuldiscussionsonnumerousoccasions.Weseemtotalkaboutrepeatableartworks,suchassymphonies,plays,films,dances,andsoon,allthetime.Wesaythingslike,“TheMoonlightSonata
3、hasthreemovements”and“DuckSoupmakesmelaugh”.Buthowarethesesentencestobeunderstood?Onasimpletreatmentofthesesentences,theyhaveordinary,subject-predicateform.Thesubject1Hereandthroughoutthepaper,whenwesay‘subject’wewillbespeakingofthegrammaticalsubject.
4、referstoarepeatableartwork(e.g.,TheMoonlightSonata,orDuckSoup)andthepredicateascribessomepropertytothisartwork.Thesentencesaretruejustincasetheindividualreferredtobythesubjecthasthepropertyascribedtoitbythepredicate.Acceptingthissimpleinterpretationof
5、thesemanticsofthesesentenceswillhaveimmediateconsequencesforourtheoryofrepeatableartworks:thetruthofthesentenceswillrequirethatthingslikeTheMoonlightSonataexist,thattheyaresingularentities,andthattheyhavethepropertiesthatthepredicatesinoursentencesabo
6、utthempickout.Butperhapsthesimpletreatmentofthesesentencesisn’tthecorrectone.Thesurfaceformofasentenceisn’talwaysasureguidetoitslogicalform.Wearefamiliarwiththisphenomenonwithrespecttosentenceslikethefollowing:1.Theaveragemanhastwoandahalfchildren.2.N
7、othingisinsideoftheroom.Neitherofthesesentencesissuchthatthesubjectreferstosomeindividualentityandthepredicatetellsussomethingaboutthatentity.Wewillarguethatthesameistrueofthefollowingsentences:3.Thepolarbearhasfourpaws.4.TheMoonlightSonataisroughlyfi
8、fteenminuteslong.30Wewillargue,in§1,thatsentencessuchas(3)and(4)donothavesimplesubject-predicatestructure,whereinthesubjectreferstosomeindividual,thepredicatepicksoutapropertythatisascribedtothatindividual,andthesentenceistrueiffthereferentoft
