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阅读理解CD篇+语法填空+书面表达（时间：40分钟满分：56分）第一节（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分）A（2023·内蒙古包头·统考一模）AteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂层)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(红外线照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup-byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear.However,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.1．Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A．Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B．Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C．Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D．Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.2．Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A．Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B．Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C．Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D．Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.3．Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A．Itisconsiderablyexpensive.
B．Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C．Ittakestoomuchtimetoproduce.D．Itisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.4．Whatdotheresearchersplantodonext?A．Applyforapatentfortheinvention.B．Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.C．Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.D．Seekacheapermaterialasanalternativetogold.B（2023·宁夏银川·银川二中校考一模）Asmallgroupofpaleontologists(古生物学家)recentlydiscovered10speciesofancientmammalspreviouslyunknowntosciencewiththehelpofanenormousnumberofhelpersattheirdigsite:ants.ThestudyofancientmammalsthrowsnewlightonthediversityofmammalsthatexistedinNorthAmericaaround33millionto35millionyearsago,whentheclimatewaschangingdramatically.Italsopaysattentiontotheharvesterants,withwhichresearchershavelonghadalove-haterelationship.“Theantsarenotfantasticwhenthey’rebitingyou,”saidSamanthaHopkins,aprofessorofEarthSciencesattheUniversityofOregon.“ButI’vegottoappreciatethembecausetheymakemyjobawholeloteasier.”Mostspeciesofharvesterantsliveinsubterraneancavesthatsitbeneathasmallhillofdirt.Theystrengthenthedirtbycoveringitwithbitsofrockandothertoughmaterials.Theantshavebeenknowntotraveloverahundredfeetfromtheircavesandtodigsixfeetdeepinpursuitofmaterialsthathelpsecuretheircaves.Thematerialsincludefossils.Harvesterantscancarrymaterials10timesto50timestheweightoftheirbody,althoughtheydonotweighverymuch,sotheheaviestfossiltheycancollectweighslessthantheaveragepill.Giventhesize,harvesteranthillsarehotspotsforwhatscientistscallmicrovertebrate(微型脊椎动物)fossils,whichareanimalfossilstoosmalltoseewithoutamicroscope.Foroveracentury,scientistslikeDr.Hopkinshavefoundsediment(沉积物)offthesidesofharvesteranthillsinsearchofthesefossils,makingiteasiertofindlargenumbersoffossilizedmammalteethwithoutspendinghoursinthefieldsiftingthroughsandanddirt.5．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tocomparetwodifferentspecies.B．Toprovideevidencefordiscoveries.C．Topromoteawarenessofmammalprotection.D．Tointroduceakindofantservingasahelper.6．Whichaspectmayinfluencethediversityofmammalsinthepast?A．Antnumbers.B．Climate.C．Cavematerials.D．Dirtlocations.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subterranean”meaninParagraph3?A．Coastal.B．Underground.C．Urban.D．Mountainous.8．Whatcanwelearnabouttheharvesterantsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A．Theircavesaremilesdeep.B．Theycancarrypillsaround.C．Fossilsmaybefoundaroundtheirhills.D．Materialswithfossilsaretheirfood.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）（2023·陕西西安·统考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThedaystartsearlyforShiXiaogang,awildliferanger(护林员)attheWolongNationalNatureReserveinSouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince.Hemonitorsthepopulationofgiantpandasandconductslong-rangepatrols(巡逻)insomeofthemostextremeenvironments,____9____isachallengingand,often,dangerousjob.____10____(cover)about200,000hectares,WolongNationalNatureReserveishometooneofthelargestremaininggiantpandapopulationsinChina.Thankstotherangers’likeShi’sefforts,____11____numberofwildgiantpandasinthereservehasincreasedfrom104,in2015,to149today.In2016,theInternationalUnionforConservationofNature____12____(announce)thatthegiantpanda’sstatushadbeenchangedfrom“endangered”to“vulnerable”onitsRedListofThreatenedSpecies.Aswellas“thehomeofgiantpandas”,thereserveis____13____(wide)knownasa“bio-genebank”.Itfeaturesagreatnumberofthreatenedspeciesofplantsandanimals,includingotherfamous____14____(creature),suchastheredpanda,snowleopardandcloudedleopardamongthe121speciesofmammals(哺乳动物)____15____(record).Therearealso392birdspecies.Tomarktherangers’hardworkandcontributiontowildlife____16____(protect)inthereserve,lastyear,20rangers____17____(recognize)withspecialcommendations(表扬)atanonlineawardceremonyfortheIUCNWorldCommissiononProtectedAreas’InternationalRangerAwards.Thecommissionspeakshighlyoftheirwork,sayingthattheyhelpstopbiodiversitylossandprotecttheimportantecosystemsthatserve_____18_____naturalsolutionstoclimatechangeandotherglobalchallenges.第三节（共25分）19．（2023·四川遂宁·统考二模）假定你校英文报正在以“养成好习惯，促进我健康”为主题开展征文活动。请写一篇短文，向报社投稿，内容包括：1．介绍一项你的好习惯；2．该习惯对健康的影响；3．呼吁养成健康习惯。注意：1．词数100左右，题目已为你写好；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。GoodHabits,GoodHeal
