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《2021-2023年高考英语真题分项解读及变式汇编11 阅读理解B篇真题变式题（乙卷原卷版）.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
2023年高考真题变式题分类汇编专题11阅读理解B篇真题变式题（全国乙卷）【2023年高考真题】LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.1．HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A．Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B．Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C．Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D．Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.2．Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Propertimemanagement.B．Goodshootingtechniques.C．Adventurousspirit.D．Distinctivestyles.3．Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’stripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A．Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B．Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C．Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D．Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4．HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A．Amusing.B．Satisfying.C．Encouraging.D．Comforting.【高考真题变式题1】Teenagerswhotravelaroundtheworldalonehavebeenmakingheadlinesquiteoften.Ayoungpersonaloneinadangeroussituationattractsattentionandsponsors.Youngsailorsalsoattractvariousviews.Forexample,JessicaWatsonwasaskedbythegovernmenttocancelhervoyage,yetthePrimeMinistercalledher“aheroforyoungAustralians”whenshereturned.Itseemsthatthereisconfusionaboutthecompetenceandindependenceofyoungpeople.Thepopularpsychologiststellusthatteenagebrainsarelikelytomakewrongjudgments.Butsuchideasoftendonotapplytospecificindividuals.Betweentheagesof14and18,teenagersvarygreatlyintheirabilities.Theamountofindependencethateachisallowedshouldbedeterminednotsimplybytheiragebutbydiscussionwiththerelated,responsibleadults.Someteensarecertainlyinexperiencedandcanmakechildishmistakes,buttheoneswhoattemptdangerousjourneysnormallydosobywinningtheconfidenceofhard-headedandwell-qualifiedadultsupporters.Butit’salsowrongtothinkthatany16-year-oldcandesiretogetachievementsasunusualasJessicaWatson’s.Watsoncallsherself“anordinarygirlwhohasadream”.Herintentionistoencourageteenagersbutthisideacanhavetheoppositeeffectofmakingthemfeelnotgoodenoughbecausegreatachievementsarebeyondthem.Shouldallteenshavesuchdreams?Actually,individualsfacevaryingcircumstancesthatrestricttheirdreams.Teenagerswhotravelaroundtheworldaloneshouldnotbejudgedbypreconceived(事先形成的)viewsaboutyoungpeople.Norshould“ordinary”teenagersfeelstressedtolongforextraordinarypersonalgoals.Infact,Ibelievetheexampleofsolosailingoverstressesindividualism.Theteenageyearsarewhenmostofus“ordinary”peoplelearnthatwecanachievegreatthingsincooperationwithothers.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutJessicaWatson?A．Shewascriticizedbythegovernment.B．Sheeventuallycanceledhervoyage.C．ShehastraveledaroundAustralia.D．Shemadeasuccessfulvoyage.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
6．Whatcanbeinferredaboutteenagersfromthetext?A．Theyhavesimilarabilities.B．Theymakedecisionsontheirown.C．Theyalwaysmakewrongjudgments.D．Theyneedsupportofresponsibleadults.7．Whodoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3referto?A．Parents.B．Teenagers.C．Psychologists.D．Adults.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．DividedOpinionsonYoungAdventurersB．ProblemsFacedbyAdventurousTeensC．VariousWaystoBecomeIndependentD．PressuretoAchievePersonalGoals【高考真题变式题2】Somepeoplesaythattheplanetisgettingsmaller,thattherearefewplaceslefttoexplore,andthattheageofexplorationwillbeoversoon.Iwouldargueinsteadthattherehasneverbeenagreaterneedtoexplore.That’sbecausethestageforallexplorationisthenaturalworld,andnatureisexperiencingarapiddecline.Itisbyexploringthatweunderstandandwhenweunderstandwedevelopanappreciationforwhatisfound.Ultimately,onlythethingsweappreciateareworthprotecting.Asthegoldenageofexplorationweakens,sodoestherichnessoflifeonEarth.Itisn’tjustthattherearefewerblankareasonthemap;itisthatwildplacesandspaceshavebeenprogressivelycarvedup(瓜分).VisitingtheOkavangoDeltaorKalahariDesert,forexample,nolongerimpliesaself-supportedexpedition.Fieldstationspopupinimportantnationalparksandremotesensingbysatellitebecomescommonplace.Inthenextcentury,Ibelievewewillneedlargerandwilderareas.Wewillneedthewilderness,notjustfortheprotectionofit,butbecauseitisanimportantpartoftheecosystemsfromwhichwegainournecessitieslikecleanwater,foodandmaterials.Ifwesucceed,thenexpeditions—brieftravelsintothewildthatseektoanswerquestions,monitorpopulations,andinspireaction—willhavearenewedsenseofpurpose.Moreimportantly,theygreatlyhelpthepublicexperience,understandandappreciatenature.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Basedonmyownresearchexpeditionwhichaimstounderstand“edgeeffects”—howthechangesintemperatureatforestedgesimpactanimals,Ifinditimportantthattoday’sscientistscontinuetospendtimeinthefield.Itisherethattheybegintounderstandhowseeminglyunrelatedenvironmentalinteractionsinfluencetheirstudysystem.Sometimes,it’sdifficulttoknowwhichisimportanttomeasureuntilyoustandoutthereontheforestedge.Itistheyounggenerationthatisthemainforcetoleadthenextwaveofexpeditions.Themeasureoftheirsuccesswillbewhethertherearestillwell-preservedwildplacesforexpeditionsinthefuture.Theirleadershipisneedednow,morethanever.9．What’sthepurposeofthistext?A．Tosuggestunderstandingnaturebykeepingexploring.B．Toadvisepeoplenottotraveltounknownplaces.C．Toinformusaboutthereducedbiodiversity.D．Tocallonthepublictosupportthestudy.10．WhatcanweknowabouttheexpeditioninwildspacesfromParagraph3?A．Itisdifficultforexplorerstomakeprogress.B．Itismoreaccessiblewiththehelpoftechnology.C．Itpromotesthedevelopmentofsatellitetechnology.D．Itrequiresexplorerstotakesufficientheavyequipment.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“popup”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Appearunexpectedly.B．Closetemporarily.C．Developquickly.D．Differgreatly.12．Whatdoestheauthorrealizeafterhisresearchexpedition?A．Thesignificanceofscientists’fieldtrip.B．Thedifficultyofcarryingoutfieldwork.C．Theneedtoexpandtheedgesofforests.D．Theinfluenceofhisstudyontheenvironment.【高考真题变式题3】Hundredsoffeetbelowtheocean’ssurface,somewherebetweenthedarkoceanfloorandthebrightblueshallows,liesthetwilightzone.It’saworldoftheunknown,andmanyassumedthatthelackoflightandcold学科网（北京）股份有限公司
temperaturesmeantfewspeciescouldexistthere.Butonescientisthasbeendivingintotheinkydepthstoshowthere’smuchmoretolifetherethanwasfirstthought.Rocha,aresearcherfromtheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences,wasattractedtotwilightzonereefsbecauseoftheirmystery(神秘).“Everydivewedotothosedepthsleadstoanewdiscovery,”hesays.Todate,hehasidentifiedover300newspecies.Enteringthetwilightzoneisnoeasyfeat.Recreationaldivingiscappedat130feetforsafetyreasons,butRochadivesasfaras500feet.Todothisrequiresdeepconcentration,intensetechnicaltrainingandastrongdoseofbravery.Rochausuallydivesinagroupwithtwoscientistsandonesafetyofficer.Theyspendhourspreparingthekit,ensuringeverypieceofequipmentisfunctioningwellandthattheyareequippedtodealwithunderwateremergencies.Whilethetwilightzonehasbeenexploredbyveryfewpeople,theeffectsofhumanactivityarestillapparent.Oneoftheirfirstdiscoveriesisthatthosedeeperreefsarereallynotashelterforshallowreeforganisms.Theyarealmostasimpactedastheshallowreefsare.Theyfindplasticwasteandfishinggearinsomeofthedeepestreefsandhasobservedtheimpactofoverfishingandclimatechange.Rochahopesthathisresearchcanhelptoeducatepeopleaboutthetwilightzoneandinspireactiontoprotectit.“Idon’tthinkit’senoughjusttodothescience.Wetakemany,manyphotographs…andwebringthosestoriesbackuptothesurfaceandweshareitwithasmanypeopleaspossible.Forthemostpart,I’dliketoletpeoplerealizethatthosecreaturesareunderthreat,”hesays.13．Whydomanypeoplethinkthereisfewspeciesatthetwilightzone?A．Itisn’tfarfromtheocean’ssurface.B．Itiscoldandlackslight.C．Itiscompletelydarkallday.D．Itisaworldthatpeoplecannotgetto.14．Whatcanweknowaboutthetwilightzone?A．Thereareonlyalotofreefsthere.B．Peoplehavemuchknowledgeaboutit.C．Therearealargenumberofvariouslivingthings.D．Therearen’tasmanyspeciesaspeoplethinkbefore.15．HowisRocha’sjourneytothetwilightzone?A．Itisrisky.B．Itiseasy.C．Itiscomfortable.D．Itislonely.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
16．WhatcanbeinferredfromRocha’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Hisscientificresearchishardlyinspirational.B．Takingpicturesunderwaterisenjoyable.C．Humansareresponsibleforprotectingthetwilightzone.D．Theresearchatthetwilightzoneisnowunderthreat.【高考真题变式题4】Climberstargetingpeaksabove5,000metersintheTibetautonomousregion,includingthenorthsideofQomolangma,nowhavetoapplyforapermit,accordingtoaruleissuedbyChinesesportsauthorities.Tomakeclimbingsafer,oratleastlessdeadly,theGeneralAdministrationofSportandthesportsbureauofTibetreleasedanotification(通知)requiringclimberstosendanapplicationtothebureauatleastamonthinadvanceoftheirplannedclimb.Itsaidclimbingwithoutpermitswillbestrictlyforbidden.“Inrecentyears,casesofinjuries,missingpeopleanddeathshavebeenwitnessedasaresultofillegalclimbing,”thenotificationsaid.“Climbingisahighlyprofessionalsportwithhighrisk.Mostillegalclimberslackprofessionalskills,facilitiesandtourguides.Suchactivitieswillinterferewithorderlyclimbingandbringrisks,notonlytotheclimbersthemselvesbutalsorescuers.Theywillalsoleadtoalossofpersonalornationalproperty.”Applicationswillneedtodetaileachindividualclimber’spersonalinformation,proposedclimbingroutesandrelatedplans.Climbersarealsobeingaskedtoobeyrelatedrulestoprotectmountainenvironments.Thenotificationalsourgedregionalgovernmentdepartmentstostrengthensafetychecksandtheprohibitionofillegalclimbing,encourageresidentstojoinregularpatrolsnearmajorclimbingroutesandpromotepubliceducationonclimbingsafety.InapreviousinterviewwithChinaDaily,KulBahadurGurung,generalsecretaryoftheNepalMountaineeringAssociation,saiddifficultweatherconditions,lackofexperienceandsupportpersonnel,andthecommercialization(商业化)ofexpeditionswerethemainreasonsforthehighdeathtollontheworld’shighestpeak.“SincethenumberofpeoplereachingthesummitofEverestisincreasing,everyonethinksitiseasiertoclimbandeveryonecanclimb,whichisatotallyfalseidea,”hesaid.17．WhyisapermitneededforQomolangmaclimbers?A．Tostopillegalclimbing.B．Toprovidetrainingahead.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
C．Tolimitthenumberofclimbers.D．Tocollectclimbers’information.18．Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlined“interferewith”inParagraph3?A．Test.B．Change.C．Replace.D．Disturb.19．WhatdoesParagraph4focusonaboutthenotification?A．Itscontent.B．Itspurpose.C．Itsbackground.D．Itsimpact.20．WhatdoesKulBahadurGurungthinkoftheEverestclimbing?A．It’satotallyfalseidea.B．Itshouldbeeco-friendly.C．It’shighlyprofessional.D．Itshouldbenon-profitable.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
