山西省晋中市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2023年1月山西省高二年级期末调研测试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节；满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Changetheseat.B.Seethedoctor.C.Findthepassageway.2.Whydoesthewomanrefusetotakethecourse?A.It’snotexciting.B.It’snotchallenging.C.It’snotinteresting.3.WhatshouldWi-Fibeusedforaccordingtothegirl?A.Checkingemails.B.Studyingonline.C.Watchingmovies.4.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthistest?A.Disappointed.B.Surprised.C.Satisfied.5.Whatdoesthemanplantolearn?A.Horse-riding.B.Swimming.C.Board-diving.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatwillthemanwanttobuyonTuesday?A.Amagazine.B.Anewspaper.C.Abook.7.Whatmayattracttheman’sattention?A.Basketballnews.B.Moviecomments.C.Wildlifediscoveries.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Localshoppingcenter.B.Lost&Foundoffice.C.Sportscentersquare.9.Whydoesthewomanmentionherpurse?A.Shewantstopayforhergoods.B.Shereportsthethefttothepolice.C.Shedescribesthecauseoftheproblem. 10.Whatisthewoman’struetarget?A.Aring.B.Apocket.C.Apurse.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheman’spurpose?A.Torecommendabooktothewoman.B.TogettoknowItalyfromthewoman.C.Toinvitethewomantowriteareview.12.Whenisthedeadlineforthetask?A.Infourweeks.B.Inthreeweeks.C.Intwoweeks.13.Whatdoesthewomanfinallydecidetodo?A.TraveltoItaly.B.Findsomeoneelse.C.Accepttheman’soffer.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14Howlonghadthewomanintendedtostaythere?A.Aboutsixmonths.B.Aboutoneyear.C.Abouttwoyears.15.Whatwasthewoman’sfirstimpressionofthejob?A.Shewasequaltothejob.B.Shemightfailtocompleteit.C.Shecouldattainreputations.16.What’sthefavoritepartinherjob?A.Helpingkidsmakeprogress.B.Correctingimperfectbehavior.C.Workinglonghourstoamusekids.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howdidthewomantravelintheforest?A.Bydrivinghercar.B.Byridinganelephant.C.Byboardinganairplane.18.Whatwasthetigerdoingwhenthespeakersawit?A.Preyingsmallanimals.B.Stayingunderthetrees.C.Wanderingtowardthem.19.Whydidn’tthetigerattackthespeaker?A.Itwastoooldandunfit.B.Itwasthreatenedbyhumans.C.Itwasusedtotheelephant’sapproach.20.WhatwasAmystoppedfromdoing?A.Gettingoutofthecar.B.Takingphotosoftigers.C.Feedingthewildmonkeys.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheCareerCenterinDouglasCollege,NewWestminster,BCiswantingastudentassistant.Thisisapart-timejob,whichoffers$15.65eachhour.Ifyouhaveaninterest,pleasereadthefollowingposttogetmore.WorkArrangementsThepositionislocatedattheNewWestminstercampus.Hoursofwork:uptoamaximumof20hours/week. Theworktermsforthispositionare:1.Winter2022:December25,2022—December30,20222.Winter2023:January4,2023—April25,20233.Summer2023:May8,2023—August19,2023TheRoleandResponsibilitiesTheCareerCentreStudentAssistantwillassistthestafftomarkettheCareerCentreprogramsoncampustocurrentstudents.TheCareerCentreStudentAssistantwillbestationedintheNewWestminsterconcourseonedayaweekand/orworkremotelyasrequired,tobringawarenessoftheCareerCentreprogramstostudents.•CommunicatingviasocialmediawithstudentstolearnabouttheservicestheCareerCentreprovidesforallcurrentandpaststudents.•AssistwithEventplanningandmarketingandadditionalactivitiesrelatedtothepromotionoftheCareerCentre.•SupporttheCoordinatorBDPromotionsindigitalmarketingandcontactdatabaseupdates.ToBeSuccessfulinThisRole,YouWillNeed•Effectivecommunicationskills—abletoapproachpeopletosharethebenefitsoftheCareerCentreservices•SkillfuluserofSocialMedia—Twitter,FacebookandInstagram•Strongwritingskills•Abilitytoworkwellwithminimalsupervision•Previousexperienceinasalesenvironment1.WhichistheworkingtimefortheStudentAssistant?A.August19,2022.B.April27,2023.C.March23,2023.D.September22,2023.2.WhatshouldastudentassistantdofortheCareerCentre?A.Helptopromoteitsprograms.B.Repairthecontactdatabase.C.Chatwithstudentsfacetoface.D.Workremotelyonedayaweek.3.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpanapplicantgetthejob?A.Capacityofdriving.B.Skillsinmarketing.C.Talentfordesigning.D.Spiritofcooperation.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一所大学职业中心招聘学生助理的启事，文中具体说明了工作时长和工作要求。【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章WorkArrangements部分中“Winter2023:January4,2023—April25,2023(2023年冬季：2023年1月4日至2023年4月25日)”可知，选项中只有March23，2023(2023年3月23日)属于这个范畴。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheRoleandResponsibilities部分中“TheCareerCentreStudentAssistantwillassistthestafftomarkettheCareerCentreprogramsoncampustocurrentstudents.(职业中心学生助理将协助工作人员向在校学生推销职业中心的课程项目。)”可知，学生助理应该帮助职业中心推销其课程项目。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ToBeSuccessfulinThisRole,YouWillNeed部分最后一行“Previousexperienceinasalesenvironment(以前在销售环境中的经验)”可知，有营销技能的人更容易获取这份工作。故选B项。BYogitaDigheworksasasalespersonatanelectronicsstoreinAundh,anupmarketneighbourhoodinPune,India’sninth-largestcity.Eventhoughshehasacomfortablejob,Digheusedtobefilledwithuneasinessatthethoughtofhavingtousethestore’stoilet.Itisaunisexspacesharedbycustomersandstaff,andis“constantlydirty”owingtooveruse,beingcleanedonlyonceeveryday.Ayearago,Dighediscovereda“Tibus”(“ti”means“her”inMarathi)—arestroominsideadecommissionedbus,parkedaboutfiveminutesawayfromherworkplace.Sincethen,she’suseditregularly.Cleanedaftereveryuse,thetoiletswithinthebus“feelniceandfresh”.Currently,12decommissionedcitybusesinPunehavebeenturnedintorestroomsbySaraPlast,aprivatesanitation(卫生设备)company.Eachsolar-poweredbustoiletcomeswithafull-timefemaleattendantandcanbeaccessedeitherfreeofchargeorforafeeof5rupees,affordableevenforlow-incomewomen.Showers,breastfeedingandbaby-changingstations,anddrinkingwaterareallincludedinthebusestomeettheneedsofeverywoman.Akiosk(小摊棚)sellingmasksandjuiceshasbeensetupononesideofthebus,makingitasustainablebusiness.Adsonthebusalsobringinprofits,whichgotowardswatersupply,electricity,repairsandthesalaryoftheattendantwhocleansandmaintainstherestroomfrom8a.m.to8p.m.“Everyperson,whetherrichorpoor,shouldhaveaccesstoagood,cleantoilet,”SaraPlaststates,“Apublicbusgoesoutofserviceafter15yearsinIndia.Transformingitintotherestroomextendsitslifebyuptotwodecades,asidefromthesocialserviceitoffers.”ThisconceptwassowellreceivedthatothercitiesarefollowinginPune’sfootsteps. 4.WhydoesDighefeeluneasyaboutherstore’stoilet?A.Itisfarfromherpresentoffice.B.Itisdesignedforcustomersonly.C.Itisneverfullycleanedbystaff.D.Itiscontinuouslyinagreatmess.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph3?A.Advanced.B.Damaged.C.Soiled.D.Retired.6Whatdoesthe“Tibus”provide?A.Carrepairingservice.B.Dishwashingproducts.C.Babycaringfacilities.D.Phonechargingstations.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRestroomonWheelsforFemales.B.TheExtraFunctionofNewCityBuses.C.TheProjectofDefendingHumanRights.D.TheCompanyOfferingCleaningItems.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了印度一家私人卫生设备公司将退役的公交车改造成女士洗手间，为女性提供了便捷的服务。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itisaunisexspacesharedbycustomersandstaff,andis“constantlydirty”owingtooveruse,beingcleanedonlyonceeveryday.(这是一个由顾客和员工共享的空间，由于过度使用，它“一直很脏”，每天只清洁一次。)”可知，Dighe公司的洗手间长期脏乱不堪，故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“parkedaboutfiveminutesawayfromherworkplace.(停在离她工作地点五分钟路程的地方。)”及最后一段中的“Apublicbusgoesoutofserviceafter15yearsinIndia.(在印度，一辆公共巴士在15年后停运。将其改造成洗手间，除了提供社会服务外，它的寿命还延长了20年。)”可知，此处使用的是退役的公交车，故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Showers,breastfeedingandbaby-changingstations,anddrinkingwaterareallincludedinthebusestomeettheneedsofeverywoman.(该洗手间为女性提供洗浴、母婴室、尿布台、饮用水等基本服务)”可知，Ti公交车提供婴儿护理设施。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了印度一家私人卫生设备公司将退役的公交车改造成女士洗手间，为女性提供了便捷的服务。所以短文的最佳标题为“有轮子的女洗手间”。故选A项。 CWalkingdoesn’trequireanyspecialequipmentorgymmemberships,andbestofall,it’scompletelyfree.Formostofus,walkingissomethingwedoautomatically.Itdoesn’trequiremucheffort,somanyofusfailtorememberthebenefitsofwalkingforhealth.Butwhathappensifwestopwalkingonauto-pilotandstartchallengingourbrainsandbodiesbywalkingbackwards?Notonlydoesthischangeofdirectionrequiremoreofourattention,butitmayalsobringadditionalhealthbenefits.Oneofthemostwell-studiedbenefitsofwalkingbackwardsisimprovingstabilityandbalance.Walkingbackwardscanimproveforwardgait(howapersonwalks)andbalanceforhealthyadultsandthosewithkneeosteoarthritis(关节炎).Walkingbackwardscausesustotakeshorter,morefrequentsteps,leadingtoimprovedmuscularenduranceforthemusclesofthelowerlegswhilereducingtheburdenonourjoints.Whilenormalwalkingcanhelpusmaintainahealthyweight,walkingbackwardsmaybeevenmoreefficient.Energyexpenditure(消耗)whenwalkingbackwardsisalmost40percenthigherthanwalkingatthesamespeedforwards,withonestudyshowingreductionsinbodyfatforwomenwhocompletedasix-weekbackwardswalkorruntrainingprogram.Walkingbackwardsissimple,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’seasy.Whenwalkingbackwards,we’remorelikelytomissblockthatwecouldcrashintoorfallover,sointheinterestofsafety,it’sbesttostartindoorswhereyouwillnotcrashintosomeoneoroutsideinaflat,openarea.Keepyourheadandchestuprightwhilereachingbackwithyourbigtoeforeachstep,rollingthroughthefootfromtoetoheel.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutwalkingfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itscostissurprisinglyhigh.B.Itstrainingequipmentisrare.C.Itsadvantagesareoftenignored.D.Itsbenefitsarepartlyunknown.9.Whatbenefitdoeswalkingbackwardsbringtolegs?A.Speedingthewalkingpace.B.Loweringtheloadofjoints.C.Relievingthepainofknees.D.Strengtheningthewholemuscle.10.Whoismostlikelytopracticewalkingbackwardsaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Amaneagertoloseweight.B.Anathletetrainedtorunfaster.C.Afatwomansufferingillness.D.Ateenagerunabletoconcentrate.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedifficultyinwalkingbackwards.B.Thedangerofwalkingbackwards.C.Sometipsaboutwalkingbackwards.D.Rightplacesforwalkingbackwards. 【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了倒着走路对人的身体有很大的好处，并且提出了一些倒着走路需要注意的事项。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的最后一句“Itdoesn’trequiremucheffort,somanyofusfailtorememberthebenefitsofwalkingforhealth.(它不需要太多的努力，所以我们中的许多人都不记得走路对健康的好处)”可知，很多人会忽略走路的好处。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Walkingbackwardscausesustotakeshorter,morefrequentsteps,leadingtoimprovedmuscularenduranceforthemusclesofthelowerlegswhilereducingtheburdenonourjoints.(倒着走使我们走得更短、更频繁，从而提高了小腿肌肉的肌肉耐力，同时减轻了关节的负担)”可知，倒着走路可以减少腿关节的负担。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Energyexpenditure(消耗)whenwalkingbackwardsisalmost40percenthigherthanwalkingatthesamespeedforwards,withonestudyshowingreductionsinbodyfatforwomenwhocompletedasix-weekbackwardswalkorruntrainingprogram.(一项研究表明，完成了6周的倒着走或跑训练计划的女性，体内脂肪的减少，表明倒着走时的能量消耗比以同样速度向前走时高出近40%)”可知，本段主要介绍了倒着走路可以消耗更多的能量，可以减少更多的脂肪。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Walkingbackwardsissimple,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’seasy.Whenwalkingbackwards,we’remorelikelytomissblockthatwecouldcrashintoorfallover,sointheinterestofsafety,it’sbesttostartindoorswhereyouwillnotcrashintosomeoneoroutsideinaflat,openarea.Keepyourheadandchestuprightwhilereachingbackwithyourbigtoeforeachstep,rollingthroughthefootfromtoetoheel.(倒着走很简单，但这并不意味着它很容易。当向后走时，我们更有可能错过我们可能撞到或摔倒的街区，所以为了安全起见，最好从室内开始，这样你就不会撞到别人，或者在室外平坦的开阔区域。保持头部和胸部直立，每走一步都用大脚趾向后伸，从脚趾到脚跟在脚上滚动)”可知，本段主要介绍了倒着走路的注意事项以及建议。故选C。DBluewhaleseatupto10millionpiecesofmicroplasticeveryday,researchestimatedTuesday,suggestingthatthepollutioncausesabiggerdangertotheworld’slargestanimalthanpreviouslythought. AUS-ledresearchteamputtagson191bluewhalesthatliveoffthecoastofCaliforniatoobservetheirmovements.“It’sbasicallylikeanAppleWatch,justonthebackofawhale,”saidShirelKahane-Rapport,aresearcheratCaliforniaStateUniversity,Fullerton,andthestudy’sfirstauthor.Thewhalesmostlyfedatdepthsofbetween50to250meters,whichishometothe“greatestconcentrationofmicroplasticsinthesea,”Kahane-Rapportsaid.Theresearchersthenestimatedthesizeandnumberofmouthfulsthewhaleshaddaily,modelingthreedifferentsituations.Underthemostlikelysituation,thebluewhalesateupto10millionmicroplasticpiecesaday.Overthe90to120days’annualfeedingseason,whichrepresentsmorethanabillionpiecesayear.ThelargestanimalevertoliveonEarthisalsolikelythebiggestmicroplasticconsumer,eatingupto43.6kilogramsaday,thestudysaid.Whileitiseasytoimaginewhalessucking(吞没)invastamountsofmicroplasticsastheyate,theresearchersfoundthatwasnotthecase.Instead,99percentofthemicroplasticsenteredthewhalesbecausetheywerealreadyinsidetheirprey(猎物).“That’sconcerningforus,”Kahane-Rapportsaid,becausehumanseatthatprey.“Wealsoeatsardines,”shesaid,addingthat“krill(磷虾)isthebasisofthefoodweb.”“Previousresearchhasshownthatifkrillisinatankwithmicroplastic,theywilleatit,”Kahane-Rapportsaid.Nowthattheresearchersknowhowmuchmicroplasticisbeingconsumedbywhales,nexttheyaimtodeterminehowmuchharmitcouldbedoing.“Thequantitydefinesthepoison,”Kahane-Rapportsaid.12.Whyisatagplacedonthebackofthewhales?A.Itcantreattheillnessofwhales.B.Itcantrackthelivingofwhales.C.Itcanensurethesafetyofwhales.D.Itcanrecordthedangerofwhales.13.Howdotheresearchersshowtheirfindingsinthestudy?A.Byprovidingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byexplainingthereason.D.Byexpressingtheirguess.14.WhichofthefollowingmayKahane-Rapportagreewith?A.Theresearchprocesswasverycomplicated.B.Thewhalesliveintheareafreefrompollution.C.Mostmicroplasticsenteredthewhalesdirectly.D.Humansmayeatmicroplasticsthroughtheirdiet.15.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudyfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itwillbehighlyprofitable.B.Itwillbefurtherconducted.C.Itwillinvolvefoodpoison.D.Itwillhelpwhalesavoidrisk.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了因为海洋污染，大量的微塑料会进入蓝鲸体内，从而对蓝鲸造成一定的影响。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AUS-ledresearchteamputtagson191bluewhalesthatliveoffthecoastofCaliforniatoobservetheirmovements.（一个以美国为首的研究小组给生活在加利福尼亚海岸的191头蓝鲸贴上了标签，以观察它们的活动。）”可知，蓝鲸身上的标签主要是为了观察追踪蓝鯨的行踪，故选B项。2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchersthenestimatedthesizeandnumberofmouthfulsthewhaleshaddaily,modelingthreedifferentsituations.Underthemostlikelysituation,thebluewhalesateupto10millionmicroplasticpiecesaday.Overthe90to120days’annualfeedingseason,whichrepresentsmorethanabillionpiecesayear.（然后，研究人员通过模拟三种不同的情况，估计了鲸鱼每天进食的大小和数量。在最可能的情况下，蓝鲸每天吃下多达1000万个微塑料碎片。在每年90到120天的进食季节里，这意味着每年有超过10亿片。）”可知，研究者主要通过数据来介绍他们的推测和结论，故选A项。3.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Instead,99percentofthemicroplasticsenteredthewhalesbecausetheywerealreadyinsidetheirprey(猎物).‘That’sconcerningforus,’Kahane-Rapportsaid,becausehumanseatthatprey.‘Wealsoeatsardines,’shesaid,addingthat‘krill(磷虾)isthebasisofthefoodweb.’（相反，99%的微塑料进入鲸鱼体内是因为它们已经在猎物体内了。“这让我们感到担忧，”Kahane-Rapport说，因为人类会吃掉这些猎物。“我们也吃沙丁鱼，”她说，“磷虾是食物网的基础。）”可知，人类也可能通过饮食吃进微塑料，故选D项。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nowthattheresearchersknowhowmuchmicroplasticisbeingconsumedbywhales,nexttheyaimtodeterminehowmuchharmitcouldbedoing.（现在研究人员知道了鲸鱼消耗了多少微塑料，接下来他们的目标是确定它可能造成多大的伤害。）”可知，研究者下一步的主要目标是研究微塑料对蓝鲸会造成多大的伤害，表明了此研究还要继续进行下去，故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）.阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBecomeaFair-mindedCriticalThinkerAfair-mindedcriticalthinkermeanshavingtheabilitytothinkclearlyandstronglyaboutatopic.Theyhavetheirownopiniononthings.____16____Theywanttohelpmaketheworldbetterforeveryone.Buthowtobecomeafairmindedcriticalthinker?Thefollowingcharactersareespeciallyimportant.IndependenceofThought Doyourownthinking.Figurethingsoutforyourself.Itisgoodtolistentootherstofindoutwhattheythink.____17____Ofcoursedon’tjustbelievewhatyouwanttobelieve.Usestandards,likeaccuracy,relevance(关联性),significanceandfairness,todecide.PerseveranceofMindsDon’tbeaquitter.____18____Ifreadingishardforyou,sticktoit.Whenwritingishard,keeptryingsoyoucanlearntowritebetter.Don’tbeafraidtoworkhardwhenyoufeellikegivingup.Rememberthatnomatterhowgoodyouareatthinking,youcanalwaysimprove.Andnomatterhowmuchyoustrugglewithlearning,keeptrying,Nevergiveup!Bethecaptainofyourownship.ASenseofJustice____19____Thinkabouteveryoneinvolved,notjustaboutyou.Don’tputyourdesiresandneedsabovethoseofothers.Youshouldevenbewillingtogivethingsuptohelpotherpeoplewhentheirneedsaremuchgreaterthanyours.Trytoimaginewhatitwouldbeliketothinkandfeelasotherpeopledo.____20____A.Whenyouspeakup,showrespectforothers.B.Figureoutwhatismostfairineverysituation.C.Trytoacceptwhatotherpeoplethinkandfeel.D.Theyalsoworktoappreciatetheviewsofothers.E.Youshouldlearntoputyourselfinotherpeople’sshoes.F.However,it’suptoyoutodecidewhoandwhattobelieve.G.Whenfeelingyoucan’tlearnsomethingwell,remindyourselfthatyoucan.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何才能成为公平的批判性思维者。【16题详解】上文“Theyhavetheirownopiniononthings.(他们对事情有自己的看法)”和下文“Theywanttohelpmaketheworldbetterforeveryone.(他们想为每个人创造更美好的世界)”都在介绍公正的批判性思考者的特点，D项“Theyalsoworktoappreciatetheviewsofothers.(他们也努力去欣赏别人的观点)”也是批判性思考者的特点，与上下文构成并列关系，三个句子中的“They”都指代“fair-mindedcriticalthinker”。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Itisgoodtolistentootherstofindoutwhattheythink.(倾听别人的想法是很好的)”建议倾听别人的想法，F项“However,it’suptoyoutodecidewhoandwhattobelieve.(然而，相信谁，相信什么，这取决于你自己)”承接上文，说明在倾听时，需要要自己决定相信谁和相信什么，照应本段主题“IndependenceofThought (独立思想)”。故选F项。【18题详解】根据小标题“PerseveranceofMinds(坚持不懈)”和上文“Don’tbeaquitter.(不要轻易放弃)”可知本段给出的方法是坚持，G项“Whenfeelingyoucan’tlearnsomethingwell,remindyourselfthatyoucan.(当你觉得你学不好某件事时，提醒自己你可以)”承接上文，举例说明如何坚持，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【19题详解】根据小标题中“Justice”可知本段主要讲公平、正义，B项“Figureoutwhatismostfairineverysituation.(弄清楚在每种情况下什么是最公平的)”与主题一致，句中“fair”与“Justice”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Trytoimaginewhatitwouldbeliketothinkandfeelasotherpeopledo.(试着想象一下像其他人一样思考和感受会是什么样子)”提出站在别人角度考虑问题，E项“Youshouldlearntoputyourselfinotherpeople’sshoes.(你应该学会设身处地地为别人着想)”同样提出换位思考，照应主题“ASenseofJustice”，上下文语意一致。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Broeckerandthewoman,Alice,hadmetfiveyearsearlier,whenAliceadoptedadog.AfterAlice____21____emphysema(肺气肿),shereachedouttoBroeckerfor____22____.Broeckertookcareofthedog,Savannah,whileAlicewasatmedicalappointments.WhenAlicewaslatermovedtohospice(善终医院),Broeckerwould____23____thedogtovisit.DuringAlice’sfinaldays,herbiggestworrywaswhatwouldhappentoherdogaftershe____24____.“IsaidI____25____IwillmakesurethatSavannahfindsagood____26____,”Broeckersaid.“Shewasso____27____thatIcouldmakethatpromisetoher.”.AftervisitingAlice,Broeckercameupwithanideathatwouldbecomeherlife’s____28____.In2009,PeaceofMindDogRescuewasborn.The____29____takesdogsfromseniorcitizenswhoarenolongerabletocareforthem,havegoneintoa_____30_____homeorhavepassedaway.“Wecanpreservethe_____31_____betweenhumansandanimals,maketheperson’slifebetterandbrighterthroughourservices.It’sabout_____32_____theelderly,”Broeckersaid.Morethan160homesare_____33_____intheorganization,whichhashelped2,000seniorcitizensandfoundhomesfornearly3,000dogsuntilnow.ForBroecker,thisworkisaboutallowingseniorstolivewith dignityinthefinal_____34_____oftheirlives.“Inoursociety,sometimestheelderly,whetherthatisseniorpeopleorseniordogs,get_____35_____,”Broeckersaid.“Wereallywanttocherishalloflife.”21.A.treatedB.foundC.preventedD.developed22.A.adviceB.helpC.clueD.news23.A.bringB.walkC.trainD.feed24.A.leftoffB.tookoffC.passedawayD.walkedaway25.A.hopeB.thinkC.promiseD.guess26.A.clinicB.schoolC.hotelD.home27.A.worriedB.relievedC.surprisedD.impressed28.A.causeB.regretC.secretD.trouble29.A.agencyB.organizationC.communityD.reserve30.A.diningB.livingC.meetingD.nursing31.A.similarityB.interactionC.recordD.bond32.A.honoringB.affectingC.protectingD.enabling33.A.specialB.preciousC.availableD.convenient34.A.partyB.stageC.fightD.race35.A.ignoredB.involvedC.confusedD.exhausted【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.C26.D27.B28.A29.B30.D31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爱丽丝在弥留之际请求朋友布洛克帮忙照顾她的宠物小狗。受此启发，布洛克建立了一个动物保护组织，旨在帮助那些因主人年迈或去世而无法照看的小动物寻找新的家庭的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝患上肺气肿后，她向布洛克寻求帮助。A.treated治疗；B.found发现；C.prevented阻止；D.developed患病。根据常识肺气肿使一种疾病，推断出爱丽丝患上了肺气肿，develop意为“患上”，符合句意。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝患上肺气肿后，她向布洛克寻求帮助。A.advice建议；B.help帮助；C.clue线索；D.news新闻。根据后文“Broeckertookcareofthedog,Savannah,whileAlicewasatmedical appointments.”可知，布洛克帮助照顾爱丽丝的狗，说明爱丽丝向布洛克寻求帮助。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当爱丽丝后来被转移到临终关怀院时，布洛克会带着这只狗来看望她。A.bring带来；B.walk步行；C.train训练；D.feed喂养。根据前文“WhenAlicewaslatermovedtohospice(善终医院)”可知，爱丽丝生命到了尽头，推断出布洛克带着狗去拜访她。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在爱丽丝生命的最后几天，她最担心的是她的狗去世后会发生什么。A.leftoff停止；B.tookoff脱下；C.passedaway去世；D.walkedaway走开。根据前文“DuringAlice’sfinaldays,herbiggestworrywaswhatwouldhappentoherdog”可知，在爱丽丝生命最后的几天，说明她的生命快到了尽头，推断出她担心在她去世后狗的处理问题。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我说过我保证会确保萨凡纳找到一个好家，”布洛克说。A.hope希望；B.think认为；C.promise承诺；D.guess猜测。根据后文““Shewasso____7____thatIcouldmakethatpromisetoher.””可知，布洛克说会遵守对爱丽丝的承诺，说明她之前对爱丽丝做过承诺。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我说过我保证会确保萨凡纳找到一个好家，”布洛克说。A.clinic诊所；B.school学校；C.hotel旅馆；D.home家。根据前文“DuringAlice’sfinaldays,herbiggestworrywaswhatwouldhappentoherdogaftershe____4____.”可知，爱丽丝害怕在她去世后小狗的归属问题。由此可知，布洛克承诺要给小狗找一个家。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我能对她做出这样的承诺，她松了一口气。”A.worried担心的；B.relieved如释重负的；C.surprised感到惊讶的；D.impressed印象深刻的。根据前文““IwillmakesurethatSavannahfindsagood____6____,”可知，布洛克承诺要给爱丽丝的小狗找一个好的家庭，推断出爱丽丝最担心的事得到了解决。由此可知，她感到如释重负。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拜访爱丽丝之后，布洛克想出了一个想法，这个想法将成为她一生的事业。A.cause事业；B.regret遗憾；C.secret秘密；D.trouble麻烦。根据后文“In2009,PeaceofMindDogRescuewasborn.”可知，在2009年，爱丽丝创造了一个名为“安心狗狗救援”的组织，说明她把这个想法变成了事业。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织从不再能够照顾、进入疗养院或已经去世的老年人那里接收狗。A. agency机构；B.organization组织；C.community团体；D.reserve保留。根据后文“Morethan160homesare____13____intheorganization”可知，“安心狗狗救援”是一个组织，organization为原词复现。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织从不再能够照顾、进入疗养院或已经去世的老年人那里接收狗。A.dining吃饭；B.living生活；C.meeting会议；D.nursing照料。根据前文“seniorcitizenswhoarenolongerabletocareforthem”可知，这个组织针对的是不能照顾自己的老人。由此可知，他们是需要进养老院。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以通过我们的服务来维护人与动物之间的联系，让人们的生活变得更好、更光明。A.similarity相似；B.interaction互动；C.record记录；D.bond联系。根据后文“betweenhumansandanimals”可知，这个组织是为了维护人类和动物之间的联系。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们可以通过我们服务来维护人与动物之间的联系，让人们的生活变得更好、更光明。这是对老年人的尊重，”布洛克说。A.honoring尊重；B.affecting影响；C.protecting保护；D.enabling使……能够。根据后文“ForBroecker,thisworkisaboutallowingseniorstolivewithdignityinthefinal____14____oftheirlives.”可知，对布洛克来说，这项工作是为了让老年人在生命的最后阶段有尊严地生活，说明这项活动的目的是为了尊重逝去的老人。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该组织有160多个家庭可利用，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助了2000名老年人，并为近3000只狗找到了家。A.special特殊的；B.precious珍贵的；C.available可利用的；D.convenient方便的。根据后文“whichhashelped2,000seniorcitizensandfoundhomesfornearly3,000dogsuntilnow.”可知，这个组织帮助了2000多名老人和3000多只狗。由此可知，该组织应该有160多个家庭可以利用。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对布洛克来说，这项工作是为了让老年人在生命的最后阶段有尊严地生活。A.party聚会；B.stage阶段；C.fight航班；D.race种族。根据前文“seniorcitizenswhoarenolongerabletocareforthem”可知，这个组织是为了不能自理的老人服务的。由此可知，这些老人已经走到了人生的最后阶段。故选B项。【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在我们的社会中，有时老人，无论是老年人还是老年狗，都会被忽视，”布洛克说。A.ignored忽视；B.involved参与；C.confused使困惑；D.exhausted使精疲力尽。根据后文““Wereallywanttocherishalloflife.””可知，布洛克的组织就是为了想要珍视所有的生命，说明她想要珍惜那些被社会忽视的生命群体。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThecityofDunhuang,___36___(situate)inanoasis(绿洲)inNorthwestChina’sGobiDesert,wasashiningstarontheancientSilkRoad.ItisthesiteoftheremarkableMogaoCaves,whicharewell-knownfor___37___(they)statuesandwallpaintings.___38___China’soldesttreasurehouseofBuddhistart,DunhuangalsowitnessedculturalexchangesalongtheSilkRoad.Butoverthecenturieswallpaintingsaswellasthestatues___39___weremadefromclayonwood,havefacedchallengesduetonaturaldamageandhumanactivities.___40___(protect)theculturalrelics,ChinahasbeenworkingondigitizingDunhuang,transformingthebuildingsintoadigitalversion.OnMay1,2016,theDigitalDunhuangresourcedatabasewaslaunched,___41___(provide)clearimages,virtualtoursofthecavesandsoon.ByAugust2022,the“DigitalDunhuang”project___42___(complete)thedigitalcollectionof278grottoes,theimageprocessingof164grottoes,andthe3Dreconstructionofmanyculturalrelics.DigitaltechnologyhasenabledustovisitDunhuangonlinein___43___innovativeway.IthasalsomadetheculturalrelicsofDunhuang___44___(access)tothewholeworld.Nowadays“DigitalDunhuang”isvisitedbypeoplewhoshowgreat____45____(curious)inChineseculturalheritageindifferentcountriesandregions.【答案】36.situated37.their38.As39.which40.Toprotect41.providing42.hadcompleted43.an44.accessible45.curiosity【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了敦煌拥有悠久的历史和深厚的文化底蕴，近年来一直致力于保护珍贵的壁画和雕像，推行数字化工程，并取得了重大的成就。【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：敦煌位于中国西北部戈壁沙漠的绿洲上，是古代丝绸之路上一颗闪亮的明星。分析句子可知，句子结构完整，空处是非谓语动词，city和situate之间是被动关系，需用过去分词的形式，作city的后置修饰语，表示“位于……”。故填situated。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：这里有著名的莫高窟，因其雕像和壁画而闻名。分析句子可知，空处是修饰statuesandwallpaintings的定语，需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：作为中国最古老的佛教艺术宝库，敦煌也见证了丝绸之路沿线的文化交流。分析句子可知，China’soldesttreasurehouseofBuddhistart是主语Dunhuang的身份，空处应用as，表示“作为”，引出该身份，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但几个世纪以来，由于自然破坏和人类活动，壁画和在木头上由黏土制成的雕像都面临着挑战。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词statues，对其进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护文化遗产，中国一直致力于将敦煌数字化，将这些建筑转化为数字版本。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处需用非谓语动词，protecttheculturalrelics是目的，应用不定式形式作目的状语，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Toprotect。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年5月1日，“数字敦煌”资源库上线，提供清晰图像、洞窟虚拟游览等功能。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处需用非谓语动词，provide与上文的句子为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填providing。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：截至2022年8月，“数字敦煌”工程已完成278个石窟的数字采集，164个石窟的图像处理，以及多处文物的三维重建。根据时间状语“ByAugust2022”可知，complete这一动作在过去的时间节点之前已经完成，时态应用过去完成时。故填hadcompleted。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：数字技术使我们能够以一种创新的方式在线参观敦煌。分析句子可知，空处是泛指，表示以“一种”创新的方式，应用不定冠词，且innovative以元音音素开头，需用an。故填an。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：它也使敦煌的文物向全世界开放。分析句子可知，空处作made的宾语补足语，用了makesth.adj.的结构，表示“使某物……”，需用access的形容词形式accessible ，意为“可到达的；可使用的”。故填accessible。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：如今，来自不同国家和地区的、对中国文化遗产充满好奇的人们纷纷前来参观“数字敦煌”。分析句子可知，空处被great修饰，作show的宾语，应用curious的名词形式curiosity，意为“好奇心”，show(great)curiosityin...是固定短语，表示“对……（很）好奇”。故填curiosity。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，下个星期你校将举行“经典名著读书周”活动，请你写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Kevin参加，内容包括：1.活动介绍。2.推荐英文版中国经典名著。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearKevin,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearKevin,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotheClassicBooksReadingWeektobeheldnextweekinourschool.Theactivity,aimedtoarouseenthusiasminreadingclassics,iswidelypopularamongthestudents.Itisexpectedthateachstudentshouldreadaclassicbook,writeabookreviewandsharefeelingsaboutit.Sinceyouhaveapassionforreading,IwillrecommendanEnglisheditionofTheOrdinaryWorld,amasterpieceofLuYao,whichportraystheimagesofallwalksofordinarypeoplethroughcomplexconflictsinChina.I’mlookingforwardtoyourpresence.Yourssincerely, LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Kevin写信邀请他参加下个星期学校将举行的“经典名著读书周”活动，向他介绍活动并推荐英文版中国经典名著。【详解】1.词汇积累目的是：beaimedto→beintendedto唤起：arouse→callforth推荐：recommend→suggest/advise复杂的：complex→complicated2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotheClassicBooksReadingWeektobeheldnextweekinourschool.拓展句：I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotheClassicBooksReadingWeek,whichwillbeheldnextweekinourschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】Itisexpectedthateachstudentshouldreadaclassicbook,writeabookreviewandsharefeelingsaboutit.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）【高分句型2】Sinceyouhaveapassionforreading,IwillrecommendanEnglisheditionofTheOrdinaryWorld,amasterpieceofLuYao,whichportraystheimagesofallwalksofordinarypeoplethroughcomplexconflictsinChina（运用了since引导原因状语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Amywasveryexcited.ShewasgoingtoabigbirthdaypartyonSaturdaynight.Therewouldbemusic,dancing,foodandlotsofnewpeopletomeet.Amyknewshewouldhaveagreattime,butwhatwasshegoingtowear?Allherfriendsatschoolweretalkingaboutit.ImogenandChloehadnewdresses.Sallyhadexpensivenewjeans...Amyrequestedhermothertobuyhersomethingnewbutwasrefused.Amyfeltfrustrated,sosheturnedtohergranny.Then,onSaturday,hergrannytookhertotheshoppingmall.Theywentintothefirststoreandbegantolookattheclothes.Grannypulledoutdresses,topsandjeans.Amychosesixthingsandwenttothefittingroomtotrythemon.Whenshecameout,Grannywaswaiting.Sheasked,“Anythingnice?”Amyshookherhead.“No.Thedresswasquitenice,butitwasn’treallyspecial.Iwantsomethingspecial,Granny.” “Iknowyoudo,mylove.It’saspecialparty!Don’tworry—thisisjustthefirstshop.Thereareplentyofothers.Comeon!”AmyfoundnothingonFloor1.SotheytooktheelevatoruptoFloor2andbeganagain.Ineveryshop,AmytriedonclotheswhileGrannywasverypatientandshenevergotcross.“Takeyourtime,love,”shesaid.“Iwantyoutobehappy.”TheytooktheelevatortoFloor3andgrannysqueezedAmy’shand.“Youwillfindsomething,”shesaid.“Therearefivefloorsinthismall.Wewillkeepgoinguntilwefindyourspecialthing.”Sayingnothing,Amyhungherhead,exhausted.ButGrannykeptlookingandneverstoppedsmiling.TheysearchedalltheshopsonFloor3thenwentuptoFloor4.Butthere,herheartsuddenlyfeltveryheavy.Tearswelledupinhereyes,andshebegantocry.“I’mnevergoingtofindit,Granny,”saidAmy.“Iwantsomuchtofindsomethingspecial,butnothingisrightandI’msotired.Ijustwanttogohome,butIcan’tgohomewithnothing.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Grannypassedheratissueandcomfortedhergently.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Youalreadyhaveit,”GrannywhisperedsomethinginAmy’sear.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Grannypassedheratissueandcomfortedhergently.“Don’tupsetyourself.Wehavetried,haven’twe?That’stheimportantthing.Andwe’vehadaniceday.Thatisimportanttoo.Andletmetellyouasecret.Iknow theperfectthingforyoutowear.Somethingthatwillmakeyoufeelwonderfulandmakeeveryonewanttobeyourfriend.”“Really?”saidAmy,blinkinghereyesandwonderingwhatitwasandiftheyhadenoughtimetobuyit.“Youalreadyhaveit,”GrannywhisperedsomethinginAmy’sear.Herwordsjustlikearayofsunshinelitherheart.ShekissedGrannyonhercheekbeforetheywentback.Thatnight,whenAmycamedownfromherbedroom,shewaswearingheroldjeansandaT-shirt,leavinghermotherfrozenintoplace.Aminutelater,sheasked,“Youspentthewholedayshoppingtofindtheperfectthingtowear!Haven’tyoufoundit?”“Ididfindit,”saidAmy.“Iamwearingit,Mum.Asmile!That’sallIneed!”Shesmiledherbest,biggestsmile.【解析】【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，文章讲述了女孩Amy受邀参加生日聚会，但是不知道该穿什么样的衣服去赴宴，因此祖母带着Amy到商场买衣服。在商场一楼、二楼、三楼Amy都没有找到特别的衣服，因此变得很失落，祖母一直鼓励着孙女，但Amy打算放弃寻找。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“祖母递给她一张纸巾，温柔地安慰她。”可知，第一段可描写祖母是如何安慰Amy的，Amy的心理活动是怎样的。②由第二段首句内容“祖母在Amy耳边小声说：‘你已经有了。’”可知，第二段可描写祖母向Amy解释她拥有的是什么，Amy对祖母的话的理解和反应，最后Amy选择穿什么衣服去赴宴。2.续写线索：祖母安慰——祖母安慰的方式——Amy的心理活动——祖母解释——祖母解释的内容——Amy的理解和反应——Amy最终的选择3.词汇激活行为类①.穿：wear/puton/dress②.眨眼：blinkone’seyes/wink/flutter③.回家：goback/gohome/returnhome④.找：find/lookfor/seekfor/searchfor情绪类①.失落：upset/disappoint/frustrate/letdown/makesb.disappointed②.喜悦，兴奋：lightone’sheart/lightup/brighten/lighten③.好奇：wonder/ponder/thinkabout/puzzleabout【点睛】[高分句型1].Somethingthatwillmakeyoufeelwonderfulandmakeeveryonewanttobeyourfriend.（关系代词that引导定语从句）[高分句型2].“Really?”saidAmy,blinkinghereyesandwonderingwhatitwasandiftheyhadenoughtimeto buyit.（连接代词what引导宾语从句，连接词if引导宾语从句）听力1—5ABBAC6—10ACBCA11—15CACBB16—20ABBCC