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1.clothes,cloth,clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof 2.amount,number amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词 anumberofstudents 3.sound,voice,noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside. 4.cause,reason cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate 5.exercise,exercises,practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practicemakesperfect. 6.officer,official officer部队的军官，official政府官员anarmyofficer 7.work,job 二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数agoodjob8.cook,cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具Heisagoodcook. 9.problem,question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连用 10.anumberof,thenumberof anumberof许多，谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目，谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.
111.chick,chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious. 12.trip,journey,travel,voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip 13.infrontof,inthefrontof infrontof范围外的前面，inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy. 14.threeofus,thethreeofus threeofus我们（不止三个）中的三个，thethreeofus我们三个（就三个人）Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema. 15.bybus,onthebus bybus表手段，方式，不用冠词，onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus. 16.foramoment,forthemoment foramoment片刻，一会儿，forthemoment暂时，一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed. 17.inaword,inwords inaword总之，一句话，inwords口头上Inaword,youareright. 18.inplaceof,intheplaceof inplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone. 19.gotosea,bysea,bythesea gotosea当海员，出航，bysea乘船，由海路，bythesea在海边gobysea 20.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher thedoctorandteacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，thedoctorandtheteacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris 21.inoffice,intheoffice
2inoffice在职的，intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice. 22.inchargeof,inthechargeof inchargeof管理，负责照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher. 23.outofquestion,outofthequestion outofquestion毫无疑问的，outofthequestion不可能的 24.asecond,thesecond asecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize. 25.byday,bytheday byday白天，bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday. 26.it,one it同一物体，one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone. 27.none,nothing,noone none强调有多少，nothing,noone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人 ---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None. 28.other,another other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent 29.notalittle,notabit notalittle非常，notabit一点也不Imnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。 30.many,much,alotof many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，alotof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句Ihaventmanybooks. 31.no,not no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater 32.nomorethan,notmorethan nomorethan相当于only，仅仅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超过 33.tall,high
3tall常指人或动物，high常指物体Heistall. 34.fast,quickly fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly 35.high,highly high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof 36.sleeping,asleep,sleepy sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.Imsleepy. 37.respectful,respectable respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged 38.pleasant,pleased,pleasing pleasant常用作定语，pleased,pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing. 39.close,closely close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closelyconnected,standclose 40.ill,sick ill做表语，sick定，表均可asickboy 41.good,well good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain. 42.hard,hardly hard努力，hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit. 43.late,lately late迟，晚，lately最近，近来Ihaventseenhimlately. 44.living,alive,live,lively
4living,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive 45.excited,exciting excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的Imexcited.Thenewsisexciting. 46.deep,deeply deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep 47.beforelong,longbefore beforelong不久以后，longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong 48.instead,insteadof instead是副词，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介词短语，放在句中Hedidntseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm. 49.toomuch,muchtoo toomuch后接不可数名词，muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy 50.raise,rise raise及物动词，rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast. 51.bring,take,carry,fetch bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk 52.spend,take,pay,cost spend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，payfor;cost物做主语，花钱 53.join,joinin,takepartin join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in；takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.54.leave,leavefor
5leave离开，leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai. 55.usedto,beusedto usedto过去常常，beusedto习惯于，后接sth./doingsth.；被用来，后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.56.win,lose,beat win后接sth.，反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem 57.liveon,liveby liveon以…为主食，liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing 58.lose,miss lose失去（具体的物体），错过sth.islost,losethechance；miss想念，错过sth.ismissing,missthechance59.betiredof,betiredwith/from betiredof厌烦…，betiredwith/from因为…而累了betiredwith/fromrunning800meters 60.careabout,carefor careabout关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；carefor关心，照料，喜欢，愿意Hedoesntcareabouthisclothes.Idontcareformovies.61.feed,raise feed喂养，养活，饲养(togivefoodto)，raise饲养，养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily 62.meantodo,meandoing meantodo打算，想要做某事，meandoing意思是，意味着BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice. 63.agirl,onegirlagirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?64.inplaceof,intheplaceof
6inplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.65.insecret,inthesecretinsecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；inthesecret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.66.takeachair,takethechairtakeachair相当于sitdown坐下，takethechair开始开会67.diefrom,dieof diefrom表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，dieof表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold 68.payfor,payback,payoff payfor为…付钱，payback还钱，但不一定还清，payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt 69.arrive,get,reach arrive不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing 70.manage,try managetodo设法做成了某事，trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed. 71.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的，befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookisfamiliartome.Imfamiliarwiththebook. 72.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon agreewith同意某人，agreeto同意某事，agreeon在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数agreewithyou,agreetotheplan 73.receive,accept
7receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidntacceptit. 74.wear,puton,dress wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作Itscoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes. 75.listen,hear listen强调动作，hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing. 76.look,see,watch look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watchTV 77.lie,lay lie躺，位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied)，lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook 78.hurt,injure,wound hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤Hewaswoundedinthewar. 79.turn,get,grow turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化turnyellow,gettired,growbig 80.happen,takeplace happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，takeplace必然性的发生Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown. 81.at,in(表地点) at小地点，in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai 82.increaseto,increaseby increaseto增长到…，increaseby增长了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000. 83.since,for(完成时间状语)
8since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间forthreeyears,since3:00 84.onearth,ontheearth,intheearth onearth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，ontheearth在地上，在地球上，intheearth在地下，在泥土里nouseonearth 85.insurprise,toonessurpriseinsurprise惊奇地，toonessurprise使某人吃惊的是，86.intheair,ontheair,inthesky intheair正在酝酿中，ontheair播送，广播，inthesky在天空中Hisshowisontheairat6:00tonight. 87.through,across through穿越空间，across在…上穿过throughtheforest,acrossthedesert88.ontheway,intheway ontheway在前往…的路上，intheway挡路Thechairisintheway. 89.above,on,over above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方flyoverthehill 90.until,not…until until到…为止，not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）Iwaiteduntil3:00.Hedidntcomeuntil3:00. 91.besides,except,exceptfor besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），exceptfor整体…除了某一点以外Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes. 92.whether,if 当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether，当如果解时用ifIdontknowif/whetherhewillcome.Ifhecomes,Illletyouknow. 93.because,since,as,for
9原因由强到弱为：because,since/as,for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because…2)Since/as…,…3)…,for…SinceIwasill,Ididntgo.94.when,as,while(表时间) when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词WhileIslept,athiefbrokein. 95.thesame…as,thesame…that thesame…as和…一样的（相似但不同一），thesame…that同一物体ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.(同一支笔) 96.aswell,aswellas aswell也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；aswellas并列连词，不但…而且…Heisaprofessor,andawriteraswell.97.such…as,such…that such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于Heisnotsuchafoolashelookslike.Heissuchagoodstudentthatalltheteacherslikehim. 99.because,becauseof because连词，连接两句话，becauseof介词短语，后接词或短语Hedidntgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness. 100.inorderthat,inorderto 表目的，inorderthat后接句子，inorderto后接动词原形Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.
