陕西省商洛市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

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商洛市2021～2022学年度高二第二学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inashop.C.Inavegetablemarket.2.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisexam?A.Happy.B.Disappointed.C.Uncertain.3.Howlongdoesittakethemantogo10workonfoot?A.Threeminutes.B.Anhour.C.45minutes.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingtonight?A.Havingabigdinner.B.Seeingamovie.C.Playingtennis.5.Whydoestheman’ssuitlookstrange?A.Thecoloristoodark.B.He’swearingitintheoffice.C.Thejacketandtrousersdon’tmatch,第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

1三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatsportdidthemandolastweek?A.Tabletennis.B.Basketball,C.Swimming.7.Whenwillthespeakersgotothenewsportscenter?A.NextWednesday.B.NextThursday.C.NextFriday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdidthemanaskthewomantodo?A.TopassamessagetoSusan.B.Tomeetanoldfriendofhers.C.Tobookahotelroomforhim.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.10.WhatisSusanprobablydoing?A.Stayingatahotel.B.Talkingwithsomeoneonthephone.C.Chattingwithherhusband.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisplacinganorder.B.Sheisfillinginaform.C.Sheisaskingforsomeinformation.12.Whenwillthemagazinescomeout?A.Intwomonths.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inaweek.13.Whydoesthemanrecommendpre-ordering?A.Itischeaper.B.Theproductisbetter.C.Everythingwillbereadyinadvance.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Seeingafilm.C.Writingaletter.

215.HowlongwillthewomanstayinJapan?A.Forayear.B.Foramonth.C.Fortwoyears.16.WhatwillthewomandobeforesheleavesforJapan?A.ReadmoreJapanesenovels.B.Attendalanguageclass.C.Applyforanewprogram.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwasthenewlawpassed?A.Lastmonth.B.Threemonthsago.C.Lastyear.18.Whatwasthelatestincident?A.Awoman’slegswerebroken.B.Adogwaskilled.C.Amansufferedaheadinjury.19.Whathappensifyou’recaughtusingacellphonewhiledriving?A.Youwillgotoprison.B.Youcouldreceiveawarning.C.Youwillbeticketed.20.Howwillthepolicemonitordrivers?A.Byusingroadblocks.B.Bystandingatcrossings.C.Bycollectingreportsfromotherdrivers.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheInnovationCup2022The2022InnovationCupinits12thyearbringstogetherapromisingnewgenerationofacademictalentsfromdifferentfieldsincludingthecompany’sseniormanagement,researchers,andaccomplishedretirees.It’saimedatadvancingscienceandtechnology.What’sinitforyou?Ifyou’reapostgraduatestudentwithinterestinthepharmaceutical(制药的)andchemicalindustry,theInnovationCupisyourchancetogainin-depthknowledgeaboutpharmaceuticalandchemicalresearchanddevelopment.AlsoyoucanexplorejobopportunitiesatourcompanyandvisittheinnovationsummercampnearFrankfurtamMain,Germany.YoucantakeyourchancetowintheInnovationCupalongwithEUR20,000withyourteam.Alltravel,accommodationandfoodexpenseswillbepaidbyourcompany.

3Whocanapply?Weinvitestudentsadvancedinlifesciences,chemistry,physics,computersciencesandbusinessadministrationfromallovertheworldtoapplyforparticipationintheInnovationCup.Upto50studentswillbeselected.Howdoesitwork?Duringaone-weekSummerCamp,upto50selectedpostgraduatestudentswillattendin-depthpresentationsonthepharmaceuticalandchemicalindustryofferedbyourmanagement,scientistsandexperts.Participantswillworkinsmallteamstogenerateaninnovativeideathataddressesascientificchallengeanddeveloptheideaintoabusinessplan.TheteamswillthenpresenttheirbusinessplanstothejudgeswhowillselectthebestbusinessplanandpresentthewinningteamwiththeInnovationCupawardandcashprizeofEUR20,000.TopperformingparticipantsmightbeofferedapositionatMerckKGaA,Darmstadt,Germany.Howdoyouapply?Pleaseonlysendyourapplicationbyclickingonthelink,andthenselectthespecificteamofyourchoicetoapplyfor.1.Whatisthefeatureofthe2022InnovationCup?A.Itisarelativelyexpensiveprogram.B.Itisanannualnationalevent.C.Itismainlyintendedforchildren.D.Itisameetingofgreatminds.2.Whatcantheexcellentparticipantsprobablyenjoy?A.Achancetotravelaroundtheworld.B.Apromotioninabigcompany.C.Amedalworth20,000dollars.D.Anemploymentopportunity.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inatextbook.B.Inasciencepaper.C.Onawebsite.D.Onaposter.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了第12届的2022年创新杯活动的活动内容、参与对象、活动安排以及申请方式。

4【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The2022InnovationCupinits12thyearbringstogetherapromisingnewgenerationofacademictalentsfromdifferentfieldsincludingthecompany’sseniormanagement,researchers,andaccomplishedretirees.It’saimedatadvancingscienceandtechnology.(第12届的2022年创新杯汇聚了包括公司高层管理人员、研究人员和成功退休人员在内的不同领域的新一代学术人才。它的目的是促进科学和技术。)”可知，参与2022年创新杯的都是“apromisingnewgenerationofacademictalents(有前途的新一代学术人才)”，它是一场富有才智的人的聚会。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句“TopperformingparticipantsmightbeofferedapositionatMerckKGaA,Darmstadt,Germany.(表现最好的参与者可能会获得德国达姆施塔特默克公司的职位。)”可知，表现优异的参与者可以得到一个就业机会。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Pleaseonlysendyourapplicationbyclickingonthelink,andthenselectthespecificteamofyourchoicetoapplyfor.(请只通过点击链接发送您的申请，然后选择您选择的特定团队申请。)”可知，本文中的网络链接可以点击进去，因此为网站上的文章。故选C项。BInMarch,ItraveledtoKakuma,KenyawithUNICEF(联合国儿童基金会),tolearnwhatitwaslikeforrefugees(难民)tolivethereandgototheirschools.Mostofmytime,however,wasspentwithkidsinschools.HeadteacherofMogadishuPrimarySchool,PascalLukosi,greetedmeintheoffice.Theschoolhad2,815studentswhosatshouldertoshoulderintheclassroom.Iquicklydidthemath:oneteacherforevery134students.CrammedclassroomsarecommoninKakuma’sschools.Andmanykidsdon’tgotoschoolattheproperage.Motorbikes,calledboda-bodas,arethemainmeansoftransportationonKakuma’sroads.Therearenobuses,andmostofthekidswalktoschool.Forsome,thetriptakesmorethananhoureachway.Iaskedwhattheyusuallydidafterschool,“Ibringbackwaterandwashclothes,”saidNjemaNadaiBen,a12-year-oldboy.Thereisasevereshortageofrunningwaterhere,sorefugeeshavetowalktooneofthecamp’swellstogetwater.Whatabouthomework?“Wedon’thavelightstoreadatnight,”explainedRachelAkolDauaged17.Homestherealsolackelectricity.Inspiteoftheconditions,Rachelandotherstudentsfindtheirwaytostudy.“Ilightfirewood.Thatgivesmelight,”Shetoldme,“Iwanttochangethefutureofmyfamily.”AtMorneauShepellSecondarySchoolforGirlsstudentswakeat4.30,eatbreakfastat6:00,andstarttheclassat7:30.“Theschoolistheretogivethegirlsasafeplace,”saidMohamudHure,aUNofficerinKakuma.Inoneclassroom,studentsannouncedtovisitorswhattheywantedtodoinlife.Mostofthemdreamedofbecoming

5doctors,lawyersandengineers.WhenIleft,ItookapictureofRose,thegirlImetonmyfirstday.Shedreamsofacareerasadoctor.Thisyear,she’llgraduatefromprimaryschool.“It’seducationthatbringsmefaithinchangingmylife,”saidRose.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Crammed”inparagraph2mean?A.Large.B.Clean.C.Overcrowded.D.Damaged.5.WhatdoweknowaboutthekidsinKakuma?A.Theyleadaverytoughlife.B.Theybegintostudyatanearlyage.C.Theyalwaysgotoschoolbyboda-boda.D.Theyhaveabusyandstressfulschoollife.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRachel?A.Creativeandgenerous.B.Caringandfarsighted.C.Confidentandcautious.D.Modestanddetermined.7.Whatdothekidsthinkofeducation?A.Itisvalueless.B.Itisoutofreach.C.Itridsthemofunfairness.D.Itgivesthemhope.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了肯尼亚Kakuma的难民孩子上学的情况。【4题详解】词句猜测题。第二段划线词句前文“Theschoolhad2,815studentswhosatshouldertoshoulderintheclassroom.Iquicklydidthemath:oneteacherforevery134students.(该校共有2815名学生肩并肩坐在教室里。我很快算了一下：每134名学生对应一名老师。)”说明学校的学生多，老师少，教室内非常拥挤，从而推知划线词句“CrammedclassroomsarecommoninKakuma’sschools.(Crammed的教室在Kakuma的学校里很常见。)”其中划线词汇应为“拥挤的”的意思，选项C“过度拥挤的”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theschoolhad2,815studentswhosatshouldertoshoulderintheclassroom.(该校共有2815名学生肩并肩坐在教室里。)”、第三段中“Therearenobuses,andmostofthekidswalktoschool.(没有公共汽车，大多数孩子步行上学。)”和“Thereisasevereshortageofrunningwaterhere,sorefugeeshavetowalktooneofthecamp’swellstogetwater.(

6这里的自来水严重短缺，所以难民们不得不步行到营地的水井去取水。)”、及第四段中“Homestherealsolackelectricity.(那里的家庭也缺乏电力。)”可知，在Kakuma，教室里非常拥挤，孩子们步行上学，水电短缺。从而推知，那里的孩子过着非常艰苦的生活。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Rachel所说“Iwanttochangethefutureofmyfamily.(我想改变我家庭的未来。)”可知，Rachel有爱心、有远见。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Mostofthemdreamedofbecomingdoctors,lawyersandengineers.(他们中的大多数人梦想成为医生、律师和工程师。)”和最后一段中Rose所说“It’seducationthatbringsmefaithinchangingmylife.(是教育给了我改变人生的信心。)”可知，孩子们认为教育给了他们带来希望。故选D项。CNewresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment(认知损坏)maynotnecessarilydevelopdementia(痴呆)and,infact,havinghighereducationandadvancedlanguageskillsmorethandoublestheirchancesofreturningtonormal.Thestudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofWaterloo,mayreassurethosewithmildcognitiveimpairmentasitcontradictsacommonassumptionthattheconditionissimplyanearlystageofdementia.Peoplewithmildcognitiveimpairmentshowsignsofcognitivedecline,butnotenoughtopreventthemfromperformingtypicaldailytasks.Theyhavebeenconsideredathigherriskofprogressingtothemoreseverecognitivedeclineseenindementia.“Possessinghighcognitivereserve,basedoneducation,highacademicgrades,andwrittenlanguageskills,maypredictwhathappensyearsaftersomeonereceivesadiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairment,”saidSuzanneTyas,aprofessorintheSchoolofPublicHealthSciencesatWaterlooandleadauthor.“Evenafterconsideringage,geneticsandestablishedriskfactorsfordementia,wefoundthathigherlevelsofeducationmorethandoubledthechancesthatpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairmentwouldreturntonormalcognitioninsteadofprogressingtodementia.”Thestudy’sfindingshavemeaningsfortreatmentandresearchinpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment.“Ifindividualswithhighercognitivereservearemorelikelytoimproveevenwithouttreatment,thenthisneedstobetakenintoconsiderationwhenrecruitingparticipantsforclinicaltrialsofprospectivetreatmentsandwheninterpretingtheresultsofthesetrials,”Tyassaid,addingthere’snocureformostcausesofdementia,sopreventioniskey.

78.Aboutmildcognitiveimpairment,whichisconsistentwiththestudy?A.Itsurelyresultsindementia.B.Itisanearlystageofdementia.C.Itwillstoppeople'sdailyaction.D.Itdoesn’tsurelyleadtodementia.9.Howisone’scognitivereserveassessed?A.Throughpersonalincome.B.Throughsocialfrequency.C.Throughhiseducation.D.Throughpersonalrelationship.10.Whatisthemostsignificanttodowithdementia?A.Earlyprevention.B.Medicalcare.C.Propercure.D.Specificmedicine.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Peoplewithcognitiveimpairmentshowcognitivedecline.B.Ageandgeneticsareestablishedriskfactorsfordementia.C.Astudyfocusesontheconsequenceofcognitiveimpairment.D.Highereducationandlanguageskillsmayhelpstopdementia.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项新研究，研究发现受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使痴呆症患者恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上，可能有助于阻止痴呆症。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Newresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment(认知损坏)maynotnecessarilydevelopdementia(痴呆)and,infact,havinghighereducationandadvancedlanguageskillsmorethandoublestheirchancesofreturningtonormal.(新的研究发现，轻度认知受损的人不一定患痴呆症，事实上，受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使他们恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。)”可知，新的研究发现，轻度认知受损的人不一定患痴呆症。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Possessinghighcognitivereserve,basedoneducation,highacademicgrades,andwrittenlanguageskills,maypredictwhathappensyearsaftersomeonereceivesadiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairment,”saidSuzanneTyas,aprofessorintheSchoolofPublicHealthSciencesatWaterlooandleadauthor.(滑铁卢公共卫生科学学院教授，第一作者SuzanneTyas说：“拥有高认知储备是基于教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能，它可以预测某人被诊断为轻度认知障碍多年后会发生什么。”)

8”可知，高认知储备是基于教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能。所以可以通过教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能评估人的认知储备。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Ifindividualswithhighercognitivereservearemorelikelytoimproveevenwithouttreatment,thenthisneedstobetakenintoconsiderationwhenrecruitingparticipantsforclinicaltrialsofprospectivetreatmentsandwheninterpretingtheresultsofthesetrials,”Tyassaid,addingthere’snocureformostcausesofdementia,sopreventioniskey.(Tyas说：“如果认知储备较高的个体即使没有治疗也更有可能改善，那么在招募参与者进行前瞻性治疗的临床试验以及解释这些试验的结果时，需要考虑这一点”，Tyas并补充说，大多数痴呆症病因都无法治愈，因此预防是关键。)”可知，预防是痴呆症的关键。所以对于解决痴呆问题最重要的是：预防痴呆症。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Newresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment(认知损坏)maynotnecessarilydevelopdementia(痴呆)and,infact,havinghighereducationandadvancedlanguageskillsmorethandoublestheirchancesofreturningtonormal.(新的研究发现，轻度认知受损的人不一定患痴呆症，事实上，受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使他们恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。)”及第三段““Evenafterconsideringage,geneticsandestablishedriskfactorsfordementia,wefoundthathigherlevelsofeducationmorethandoubledthechancesthatpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairmentwouldreturntonormalcognitioninsteadofprogressingtodementia.”(“即使在考虑了年龄，遗传学和痴呆症的既定风险因素之后，我们发现，较高的教育水平使轻度认知障碍患者恢复正常认知而不是发展为痴呆症的机会增加了一倍多。)”可知，文章主要介绍一项新研究，研究发现受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使痴呆症患者恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。故推知高等教育和语言技能可能有助于阻止痴呆症，并让患者恢复正常。故选D。DResearchersfromTheUniversityofQueensland(UQ)havehelpeddesignanewapptoprotectbirdsatriskofextinctionacrosstheworldbyeliminatinglanguagebarriersamongscientists.TheBirdLanguageDiversitywebappwillhelpprovidea“birdseyeview”,ensuringvitalinformationissharedtoimproveworldwideconservation.UQ’sDrPabloNegretsaidtheresearchteamanalysedmorethan10,000birdspecies,andfoundthat1,587specieshave10languagesormorespokenwithintheirdistributions.“Scientificinformationonspeciescanbespreadacrossdifferentlanguages,butvaluableinformationcangomissingorgetlostintranslation,”DrNegretsaid.“Withoutenoughsharingofinformation,thiscanaffecttheeffectivenessofconservationmeasures.”TakethecommonbirdPochardforexample.Itisclassifiedasvulnerablespecies(易危种)andcrosses108countriesinEurope,AsiaandnorthAfrica,whereatotalof75officiallanguagesarespoken.ThesurvivalofthecommonPochard,andsomanyotherspecies,dependsoneffectivecooperationandpolicyagreementsamong

9peoplewithdiverselinguisticandculturalbackgrounds.Thisapprevealswherethreatenedandmigratorybirdsexistgeographically,inrelationtothelanguagespokeninthoseregions.”Wehopetheappwillencourageresearchersandconservationorganisationstointeractwiththeirpeersinotherregions,especiallyiftheyspeakdifferentlanguages,andbeastartingpointtoalloweveryonetoworktogethertoprotectthreatenedspecies,”DrNegretsaid.DrTatsuyaAmano,aresearcherandtheco-authorofthepaper,saidthisworkcouldextendfurtherthanbirdspecies.“Anyspecies,whetherthey’remammals,amphibians(两栖动物),orplants,witharangecrossingmultiplecountrieswillbeimpactedbylanguagebarriers,aswellasspeciesthatmigrateacrossdifferentcountries,suchasmarinespeciesandbutterflies,”hesaid.”Thesignificanceoftheimpactofpoorcommunicationonsuchanimportantissueisevident,andisthereasonwhywe’reworkinghardtoimprovesciencecommunicationacrosslanguages.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating“inparagraph1mean?A.Givinginto.B.Comingacross.C.Puttingupwith.D.Breakingdown.13.Whatisthefunctionofadequatesharingofinformation?A.Ensuringtheeffectivenessofprotectivemeasures.B.Helpingpeopleknowmoreaboutscientists’efforts.C.Spreadingknowledgeofthediversityofbirdsworldwide.D.Compromisingtheeffectivenessofconservationmeasures.14.Whatisshownontheapp?A.Theproduceroftheapp.B.Theorganizationsinvolved.C.Thelocationofendangeredbirds.D.Theinformationofnewgeographers.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BirdsProtectionIsanUrgencyB.ANewBirdAppSpreadsItsWingsC.ANewBirdAppHelpsLearnLanguagesD.PoorCommunicationImpactsCooperation【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款新型的应用程序，该程序被用来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“TheBirdLanguageDiversitywebappwillhelpprovidea“birdseyeview”,ensuringvitalinformationissharedtoimproveworldwideconservation.

10（鸟类语言多样性网络应用程序将有助于提供“鸟瞰视图”，确保重要信息共享，以改善全球保护。）”以及第二段““Scientificinformationonspeciescanbespreadacrossdifferentlanguages,butvaluableinformationcangomissingorgetlostintranslation,”DrNegretsaid.（“关于物种的科学信息可以在不同的语言中传播，但有价值的信息可能会在翻译中丢失或丢失，”内格雷特博士说。）”可知，这款应用程序通过打破科学家之间的语言障碍来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。由此可推知，eliminate在此意为“破坏，消除”。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Withoutenoughsharingofinformation,thiscanaffecttheeffectivenessofconservationmeasures.（“如果没有足够的信息共享，这可能会影响保护措施的有效性。）”可知，没有充分的信息共享可能会影响保护措施的有效性。所以充分的信息共享可以确保保护措施的有效性。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Thisapprevealswherethreatenedandmigratorybirdsexistgeographically,inrelationtothelanguagespokeninthoseregions.（该应用程序揭示了受威胁鸟类和候鸟的地理位置，以及这些地区的语言。）”可知，该应用程序显示了受威胁的候鸟地理上的位置，以及这些地区的语言。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromTheUniversityofQueensland(UQ)havehelpeddesignanewapptoprotectbirdsatriskofextinctionacrosstheworldbyeliminatinglanguagebarriersamongscientists.TheBirdLanguageDiversitywebappwillhelpprovidea“birdseyeview”,ensuringvitalinformationissharedtoimproveworldwideconservation.（昆士兰大学的研究人员帮助设计了一款新的应用程序，通过消除科学家之间的语言障碍，保护全世界面临灭绝风险的鸟类。鸟类语言多样性网络应用程序将有助于提供“鸟瞰视图”，确保重要信息共享，以改善全球保护。）”可知，本文主要介绍了一款新型的应用程序，该程序被用来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Atatimelikethepandemic,notonlydowemisshugs,butweneedthem.Touchingsomeonereducesourownstress.___16___.Anexpertsaid,“Awarmtouchishowoursystemsreachoneanother.Itsayswearesafe,weareloved,andwearenotalone.”___17___.Ifyouneedahug,takeprecautions.Wearamask.Giveandtakeyourhugsoutdoors.Trytoavoidtouchingtheotherperson’sbodyorclotheswithyourfaceoryourmaskduringahug.

11Duringahug,thepositionofthefacesmattersmost.Thetwoofyoushouldpointyourfacesinoppositedirections.Quicklyapproacheachotherandbrieflyembrace.___18___.Anddothehugquickly.Whenyouhavefinishedhugging,backawayquicklysoyoudonotbreatheontoeachother’sfaces.Washyourhandsafterward.Don’thugfacetoface.Thispositionisahigherriskbecausethefacesaresoclose.Whentheshorterpersonlooksup,theirbreathtravelsupintothetallerperson’sbreathingzone.___19___ifthetallerpersonislookingdown.Doletyourchildhugyouaroundthewaistorknees.Huggingatthekneeorwaistlevellowersriskfordirectexposurebecausefacesarefarapart.However,thereispotentialforthechild’sfacetopollutetheadult’sclothing.Youmightchangeclothesandshouldwashyourhandsafteravisitthatincludeshugswithachild.___20___.“Mosthugslastlessthan10seconds.Backawayatleastsixfeetbeforetalkingagain.Holdingyourbreathstopsyoufromexhalinganyvirusintotheirbreathingzone,”anexpertsaid.A.ItcalmsournervoussystemB.Thehuggers’breathscanbemixedC.TheshorterpersonwillfeelpressedD.ChildrenarethosewhoneedhugsmostE.DonottalkorcoughwhileyouarehuggingF.However，somehugsareriskierthanothersG.Theadultalsoshouldnotbreathedownonthechild【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍的是拥抱时的一些注意事项。【16题详解】根据前文的“Touchingsomeonereducesourownstress.”（拥抱别人会减少我们自己的压力。）可知，拥抱别人的好处是减少压力。后文应该承接的是，拥抱的其他好处。A选项“Itcalmsournervoussystem.”（它能安抚我们的神经系统），与此对应，都介绍的是拥抱的好处，其中的it指代的就是touchingsomeone。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文“Itsayswearesafe,weareloved,andwearenotalone.”（它表明我们是安全的，我们被爱着，我们并不孤单。）可知，上文介绍了拥抱的好处，根据下文“Ifyouneedahug,takeprecautions.”（如果你需要一个拥抱，要做好准备。）可知，此处介绍了拥抱时的预防措施。故设空处应该指出的是有时候，拥抱是危险的，这样才需要我们注意。F项“However，somehugsareriskierthanothers.

12”（然而，有些拥抱比其他的更危险）承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据前文的“Quicklyapproacheachotherandbrieflyembrace.”（快速接近对方并短暂拥抱。）可知，此处讲述的是要快速地短暂地拥抱别人。根据下文的“Anddothehugquickly.”（快速的拥抱别人），可知设空处应该强调的是，在拥抱别人的时候不要有任何的其他耽误时间的动作，如说话或者咳嗽等。故E项“Donottalkorcoughwhileyouarehugging.”（拥抱时不要说话或咳嗽）与此对应，是递进关系。故选E。【19题详解】根据前文的“Whentheshorterpersonlooksup,theirbreathtravelsupintothetallerperson’sbreathingzone.”（当矮的人抬头时，他们的呼吸会进入高个人的呼吸区。）以及根据空后的“ifthetallerpersonislookingdown.”（如果那个高个子往下看。）可知，当身高不同的两个人拥抱的时候，矮的人抬头时，呼吸会进入到高个人的呼吸区，反之，高个子的人向下看时，其呼吸也会进入到矮个子人的呼吸区。故B选项“Thehuggers’breathscanbemixed.”（拥抱者的呼吸有可能是混合的。）与此对应。故选B。【20题详解】根据空前的“Youmightchangeclothesandshouldwashyourhandsafteravisitthatincludeshugswithachild.”（你可能会换衣服并且应该在与孩子拥抱后洗手。）可知，此处讲述的关键词是child和adult。G选项“Theadultalsoshouldnotbreathedownonthechild.”（成年人也不应该向孩子呼气。）承接上文，讲述的是在和孩子拥抱的时候应该注意什么。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheCajunNavyisagroupofvolunteersmallboatownerswhohelppeopleduringbadstormsandfloods.Thegroup___21___volunteeringduringHurricaneKatrina.Duringthatstormalone,they___22___morethan10,000peoplefromfloodedhomesandrooftops!Sincethen,theyhavesavedmore___23___aroundtheUS!TheCajunNavyhasgonetosaveduringmanyoftheworst___24___thathittheUS,suchasHurricaneHarveyandHurricaneFlorence.Usingtheir___25___theyalwaysgointoplaceswherepeopleandanimalsaretrappedbyfloodwaters.Theybringtheirsmallboatsandgreatskillstofindthosewhoare___26___andthenthey___27___themtosafety.Howstrongand___28___theyareinstrugglingwithfloodwaters!Manyofthevolunteersarefishermenand___29___boatpilots.They,whocomefromthesoutheastUnited

13States,areexpertin___30___throughaseriesofswamps(沼泽)andnarrowwaterways.Theskillstheyhavehelpthemfindthewayaround___31___floodwaters.Areporter___32___hisfeelingsandmeanwhile___33___theirdeedsaftertheCajunNavysteppedintohelpduringbadfloodinginLouisiana.”The___34___werevolunteersfromtheCajunNavy,whohadnoranks,nouniforms,no___35___medalsawardedtothemforactsofbravery.Itwasa___36___heart,notacommandingofficer,thatcalledthemintorisky___37___tocarryendangeredcitizenstohigherandsaferground,”hesaid.TheCajunNavyisagreatexampleofcharacterinaction.Theydoalso___38___others’enthusiasmtogetinvolved.Andmoreandmorevolunteersjointhegroup.Theyoftenputthemselvesindangerto___39___others.Andtheydonotdoitformoneyorattention,but___40___becausetheycanhelpandtheywanttohelp.21.A.improvedB.startedC.delayedD.survived22.A.missedB.metC.rescuedD.struck23.A.livesB.officersC.foodD.money24.A.rainfallsB.windstormsC.sandstormsD.raindrops25.A.carsB.trucksC.bikesD.boats26.A.indangerB.inplaceC.outofworkD.outoforder27.A.forceB.transportC.inviteD.persuade28.A.courageousB.modestC.secureD.straightforward29.A.honestB.trappedC.skilledD.greedy30.A.flyingB.lookingC.sailingD.driving31.A.peacefulB.mixedC.limitedD.powerful32.A.conveyedB.discoveredC.valuedD.ignored33.A.celebratedB.beatC.taughtD.asked34.A.witnessesB.passers-byC.heroesD.victims35.A.athleticB.militaryC.ecologicalD.economic36.A.weakB.icyC.thoughtlessD.selfless37.A.companiesB.currentsC.fundsD.flights38.A.acknowledgeB.adoptC.investigateD.stimulate39.A.abandonB.consultC.assistD.guide40.A.cruellyB.delicatelyC.merelyD.hardly【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.B28.A29.C30.C

1431.D32.A33.A34.C35.B36.D37.B38.D39.C40.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。TheCajunNavy是一群志愿者，他们在暴风雨和洪水期间帮助受灾的人们的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该团体在Katrina飓风期间开始做志愿者。A.improved提高；B.started开始；C.delayed推迟；D.survived幸存。根据下文的“volunteeringduringHurricaneKatrina.”以及“Sincethen,theyhavesavedmore___3___aroundtheUS”可知，这个组织是从那个时候开始救人的，并且从那以后，救了更多的人。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在那场风暴中，他们就从被淹没的房屋和屋顶中救出了1万多人！A.missed错过；B.met遇见；C.rescued拯救；D.struck攻击。根据后文的“morethan10,000peoplefromfloodedhomesandrooftops”可知，是拯救了1万多人。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他们在美国拯救了更多的生命。A.lives生命；B.officers官员；C.food食物；D.money钱。根据前文的“they___2___morethan10,000peoplefromfloodedhomesandrooftops!”可知是拯救了更多的生命。故选A。24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多袭击美国的最严重的风暴中，如哈维飓风和佛罗伦萨飓风，卡津海军都去拯救。A.rainfalls暴雨；B.windstorms风暴；C.sandstorms沙尘暴；D.raindrops雨滴。根据后文的“suchasHurricaneHarveyandHurricaneFlorence”可知，这些都是飓风的名字。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们总是用船去那些人和动物被洪水困住的地方。A.cars车；B.trucks卡车；C.bikes自行车；D.boats船。根据下文的“Theybringtheirsmallboats”可知，他们总是使用船去救助那些被困住的人。故选D。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们带着他们的小船和高超的技术去寻找那些处于危险中的人，然后把他们送到安全的地方。A.indanger危险中；B.inplace在适当位置；C.outofwork失业；D.outoforder无序地。根据上文“theyalwaysgointoplaceswherepeopleandanimalsaretrappedbyfloodwaters.”可知，他们总是记住那些处于危险中的人。故选A。【27题详解】

15考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.force迫使；B.transport运输；C.invite邀请；D.persuade说服。根据前文的“Theybringtheirsmallboatsandgreatskillstofindthose”可知，在救助的过程中，他们使用小船把被困者送到安全的地方。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们与洪水争战，是何等的刚强勇敢。A.courageous勇敢的；B.modest谦虚的；C.secure安全的；D.straightforward直截了当的。根据前文的“strong”可知，此处表述的是在于洪水作斗争的过程中他们是刚强和勇敢的。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多志愿者是渔民和熟练的领航员。A.honest诚实的；B.trapped被困的；C.skilled娴熟的；D.greedy贪婪的。根据前文的“heybringtheirsmallboatsandgreatskillstofindthosewhoare___6___andthenthey___7___themtosafety.”可知，他们是技术娴熟的。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们来自美国东南部，擅长航行通过一系列的沼泽和狭窄的水道。A.flying飞；B.looking看；C.sailing航行；D.driving驾驶。根据前文的“Manyofthevolunteersarefishermenand___9___boatpilots.”可知，他们是熟练的领航员，即他们擅长航行。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们拥有的技能帮助他们在强大的洪水中找到道路。A.peaceful和平的；B.mixed混合的；C.limited有限的；D.powerful强大的。根据前文的“theyalwaysgointoplaceswherepeopleandanimalsaretrappedbyfloodwaters.”可知，这些洪水是十分强大的，困住了人们和动物。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路易斯安那州遭遇严重洪灾时，卡津海军介入救援，一名记者表达了他的感受，同时赞扬了他们的事迹。A.conveyed传达；B.discovered发现；C.valued珍惜；D.ignored忽视。根据后文的“hisfeelings”可知是表达了他的感受。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.celebrated赞扬；B.beat打败；C.taught教；D.asked问。根据后文的“theirdeedsaftertheCajunNavysteppedintohelpduringbadfloodinginLouisiana.”可知，是赞扬了他们的救助行为。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：英雄是来自卡津海军的志愿者，他们没有军衔，没有制服，没有军事奖章授予他们的勇敢行为。A.witnesses目击者；B.passers-by路人；C.heroes英雄；D.victims

16受害者。根据后文的“whohadnoranks,nouniforms”可知是无名英雄，故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.athletic运动的；B.military军人的；C.ecological生态的；D.economic经济的。根据“whohadnoranks,nouniforms,”可知，军衔和勋章一般是军人才拥有的。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是一颗无私的心，而不是一名指挥官，把他们召集到危险的急流中，把危险的公民带到更高更安全的地方。A.weak虚弱的；B.icy结冰的；C.thoughtless欠考虑的，轻率的；D.selfless无私的。根据后文的“notacommandingofficer,thatcalledthemintorisky___17___tocarryendangeredcitizenstohigherandsaferground”可知，是无私的心召集他们救助那些处于危险的人。故选D。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.companies公司；B.currents水流；C.funds资金；D.flights航班。根据前文的“calledthemintorisky”以及后文的“carryendangeredcitizenstohigherandsaferground”可知，是从危险的洪水中，把那些被困的人们送到安全的地方。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们也会激发其他人参与其中的热情。A.acknowledge承认；B.adopt采纳；C.investigate调查；D.stimulate激发。根据前文的“TheCajunNavyisagreatexampleofcharacterinaction.”可知，他们也激发这别人参与其中。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常置自己于危险之中去帮助别人。A.abandon抛弃；B.consult咨询；C.assist协助；D.guide指导。根据下文“Andtheydonotdoitformoneyorattention,but___20___becausetheycanhelpandtheywanttohelp.”可知，这些志愿者这么做，只是想要帮助别人。故选C。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们这样做不是为了钱或关注，而仅仅是因为他们能够提供帮助，而且他们想要提供帮助。A.cruelly残酷地；B.delicately精致地；C.merely仅仅地；D.hardly几乎不。根据前文的“Andtheydonotdoitformoneyorattention,”可知，与下文的“but”中的内容构成转折。此处表示“仅仅想要帮助他人。”故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

17Careertrainingcomesinallforms.As____41____importantpartofcareertraining,onlinetraininghashelpedraisetheskilllevelsofemployeesandmakethembetterpreparedforthejobmarket.Governmentdepartmentshavemadeaseriesofpoliciestoinspireworkersto____42____(active)takepartinonlinecareertraining.BeforeApril18,2020,31provinces____43____(set)upwebsitesforonlinetrainingcompanies.Besides,theMinistryofHumanResourcesandSocialSecurityintendedtoworkwithsomenetworkcompaniesandintroducedigitalcoursescovering____44____(many)than100jobs.Inordertoencouragepeople____45____(take)onlinetraining,theministrywillprovidesubsidies(补助金)fortheworkers____46____receiveonlinetraining.Someprovinceshavecomeup____47____aseriesofnewmeasuressoastoensurethequalityofonlinecareertraining.Itisimportanttobuildinteractive____48____(platform)foronlinetraining,suchasfilmingcoursesintheworkshop,sothatpeoplecangainaccesstomore____49____(practice)skills.What’smore,it’salsonecessaryto____50____(strength)theguidanceofonlinetrainingcompaniesandsetstandardsrelatedtothecontentanddurationofthecourses.【答案】41.an42.actively43.hadset44.more45.totake46.who##that47.with48.platforms49.practical50.strengthen【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是职业培训的好处和形式，以及国家为了鼓励人们参加在线培训所作的努力。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：作为职业培训的重要组成部分，在线培训有助于提高员工的技能水平，使他们更好地为就业市场做好准备。part是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：政府部门已经制定了一系列政策，鼓励员工积极参加在线职业培训。空格处用副词actively修饰动词短语takepartin，actively意为“积极地”，故填actively。【43题详解】

18考查时态。句意：截至2020年4月18日，全国已有31个省份为在线培训公司建立网站。根据BeforeApril18,2020可知，句子时态用过去完成时，表示一个在过去的过去完成的动作，故填hadset。【44题详解】考查比较级。句意：此外，人力资源和社会保障部打算与一些网络公司合作，推出覆盖100多个岗位的数字课程。由than可知，空格处用比较级more。故填more。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了鼓励人们参加在线培训，工信部将为接受在线培训的工人提供补贴。encouragesb.todo意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填totake。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了鼓励人们参加在线培训，工信部将为接受在线培训的工人提供补贴。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词workers是人，因此空格处用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：一些省份已经出台了一系列新措施，以确保在线职业培训的质量。comeupwith是固定短语，意为“提出”，故填with。【48题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：建立在线培训的互动平台很重要，比如在工作坊中提供拍摄课程，让人们获得更多实用技能。platform是可数名词，此处表示不止一个平台，因此空格处用复数platforms，故填platforms。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：建立在线培训的互动平台很重要，比如在工作坊中提供拍摄课程，让人们获得更多实用技能。空格处用形容词practical作定语，修饰名词skills，practical意为“实用的”，故填practical。【50题详解】考查不定式。句意：此外，还需要加强网络培训公司的指导，对课程的内容和时长制定标准。it’snecessarytodo是固定短语，意为“需要做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，strength的动词是strengthen，意为“加强”，故填strengthen。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

19删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastweekItookanactivepartinafarmactivityinthecountryside,whichthemewas“LaborIstheMostBeautiful”.Atthebeginningoftheactivity,ourteacherholdameeting.Heespeciallystressedimportanceofworkingwithourownhandinthemeeting.ThemomentIgothome,Ipackedupmyluggageimmediateforthetrip.Wecouldn’twaittopickwatermelonswhenwegottothefarm.Workedwithmyclassmatestogether,Igraduallyrealizedwhatharditwastoworkinthefieldinthesun.WhenItookovermyrewardhome,awatermelon,Iwasexcitingtosharemyexperiencewithmyparents.Andtheywereproudofthem.【答案】1.which→whose2.hold→held3.importance前加the4.hand→hands5.immediate→immediately6.Worked→Working7.what→how8.删除took后的over9.exciting→excited10.them→me【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了上周在农村参加的一次农业活动。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：上周，我积极参加了一次以“劳动是最美的”为主题的农村农业活动。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是activity，在从句中作定语，修饰theme，应用关系代词whose引导。故将which改为whose。2.考查代词时态。句意：活动开始时，我们老师开了个会。根据时间状语lastweek可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将hold改为held。3.考查冠词。句意：他在会上特别强调了亲自动手工作的重要性。根据importance后的定语可知，此处应用定冠词the，表特指。故在importance前加the。

204.考查名词复数。句意：他在会上特别强调了亲自动手工作的重要性。根据上文中的our可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故将hand改为hands。5.考查副词。句意：我一到家就立刻收拾行李准备去出行。此处修饰动词短语packedup，应用副词。故将immediate改immediately。6.考查非谓语动词。和同学们一起工作，我逐渐意识到在阳光下的田地里工作是多么的辛苦。逻辑主语I和work之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词，作状语。故将Worked改为Working。7.考查感叹句。句意：和同学们一起工作，我逐渐意识到在阳光下的田地里工作是多么的辛苦。分析句子可知，realize后的宾语从句应该是一个感叹句。根据关键词hard可知，此处应该用How+adj+主语+谓语构成的感叹句。故将What改为How。8.考查动词。句意：当我把我的奖励（一个西瓜）带回家时，我很兴奋地和我的父母分享我的经历。此处意为“当我把我的奖励带回家”，应该用动词take，over是多余的。故删除took后的over。9.考查形容词。句意：当我把我的奖励（一个西瓜）带回家时，我很兴奋地和我的父母分享我的经历。根据主语I可知，此处应用形容词excited，意为“感到兴奋的”。故将exciting改为excited。80.考查代词。句意：他们为我感到骄傲。根据句意可知，是父母为我感到骄傲。故将them改为me。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，最近你校组织大家参观了你市举办的文化展览。请你写一篇报道，并分享在校英文网站上，内容包括：1展览时间、地点；2.展览主题：中国书画；3.你的感悟。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AnexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandcalligraphy________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文：AnexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandcalligraphy

21Recently,ourschoolorganizedustovisitacityculturalexhibition.TheexhibitionwasheldonFridayafternoonandlastedtwohoursinthecityculturalhall.Theexhibitionwhosethemewas“Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy”attractedmanymastersandamateursathomeandabroad.ManyartworksincludingChinesehandwritingandlandscapepaintingfromancientandmoderntimeswereonshow.Thehostexplainedeveryartworkonthespot.Theexhibitionleftadeepimpressiononme.Inmyopinion,itnotonlypromotedtheinheritanceofChinesetraditionalculturebutalsostrengthenedournationalprideaswell.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于报道，要求考生写一篇关于你校组织大家参观了你市举办的文化展览的报道，并分享在校英文网站上。【详解】1.词汇积累最近：recently→lately展览：exhibition→display现场：onthespot→onthescene在我看来：inmyopinion→asfarasIamconcerned2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Recently,ourschoolorganizedustovisitacityculturalexhibition.TheexhibitionwasheldonFridayafternoonandlastedtwohoursinthecityculturalhall.拓展句：Recently,ourschoolorganizedustovisitacityculturalexhibitionwhichwasheldonFridayafternoonandlastedtwohoursinthecityculturalhall.【点睛】[高分句型1]Theexhibitionwhosethemewas“Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy”attractedmanymastersandamateursathomeandabroad.(运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Inmyopinion,itnotonlypromotedtheinheritanceofChinesetraditionalculturebutalsostrengthenedournationalprideaswell.(运用了notonly...butalso引导的并列句)听力答案：1～5ABCAC6～10ACACB11～15CACBA16～20BABCB

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