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海淀区2022年高二年级学业水平调研英语试卷本试卷共8页，共四大部分，58道小题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whichclubwillthewomanchoose?A.TheBasketballTeam.B.TheRoboticsClub.C.TheHip-hopDancingClub.2.Whatisthewoman?A.Amusician.B.Anarchitect.C.Anaccountant.3.What'sthemandoing?A.Offeringsuggestions.B.Askingforhelp.C.Makingrequests.4.Whereareprobablythetwospeakers?AAthome.B.Inagarage.C.Inahospital.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至6题。5.Whatdoesthewomancomplainaboutherfridge?A.Thedoorwon'tshut.B.Thealarmdoesn'tbeep.C.Itdoesn'tgetcold.6.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Waitfortherepairmantocome.B.Sendthefridgetothecentre.C.Makeanotherurgentcall.听第6段材料，回答第7至8题。7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman'sinterests.B.Thewoman'sfuturejob.C.Thewoman'sschoolwork.8.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?
1ATogetamedicaldegree.B.Tomakeaquickdecision.C.Tolearnmoreinformation.听第7段材料，回答第9至10题。9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasaneyeforart.B.Sheworksinanartmuseum.C.Shelikesallkindsofartbutmodernart.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefirstpainting?A.Childish.B.Old-styled.C.Well-painted.听第8段材料、回答第11至12题。11.Whichlevelcanthelistenerslakepartin?A.Thehighlevel.B.Themiddlelevel.C.Thelowlevel.12.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Potentialcompetitors.B.Poetsofallages.C.Previouswinners.听第9段材料，回答第13至14题。13.Whydoesthewomancometothecommunitycenter?A.Toregisterforthedanceworkshop.B.Toinquireaboutthedanceclasses.CTolistentoanintroductionaboutdancing.14.Whatdoesthewomanneedtodobeforethedanceclass?A.Prepareatowelandawaterbottle.B.Callafitnessprofessional.C.Getreadyforadancetest.第三节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置。HowtoDevelopaCreativeMindSettingasidetimeforbrainstorming●Findtimefreefromworkorassignments●Donot15yourthoughts
2Changingoldhabits●Changedailyroutinessuchas...●Trynew16togainnewtalentssuchasbaking,photographyandwoodcarvingDevelopingnewwaysofthinking●Spendtimein17thoughttoimprove...●Develop18emotionstostayfocusedforalongertime第二部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasajuniorinhighschool,Iwasnominated(提名)torunforvicepresidentoftheStudentCouncilatthestartofoursenioryear.Iturneditdownbecauseoftheresponsibilitiesofthisposition.ButI___1___torunforcourtclerkinstead,asIknewthatbeingcourtclerkwouldn’tbedifficult.Whentheelectioncame,I___2___.Indeed,overthewholeyearthatfollowed,theonlythingmynewpositionbroughtwasasenseof___3___,justasIhadhoped.Thentowardstheendoftheyear,allthecouncilmemberstookturnstotalkabouttheirexperiencesintheirpositionsinthefinalassembly(集会)oftheyear.IthoughtIwaslastintermsofimportance,the___4___positiononthecouncil.Sowhentalkingaboutmyjob,Isaidthatthecourtclerkdidn’tdoanything;sincetherewasnocourt,itdidn’tmatterwhotheyvotedfor.IthoughtIwasbeing___5___andcool.AsIexited,however,Iwas___6___byanangryMr.Roberge,theStudentCounciladvisor.Hetookmeasideandcriticizedme,usingwhatever___7___wordshecouldthinkof.Ican’texactlyrememberwhathesaid.ButIwasforcedtorealizeIhaddevelopedthediseaseofnotcaring,andthecancerofalackof___8___.IcannotsayMr.Roberge___9___methenandthere.ButsincethatdayIhavebeenmuchmoreawareofmystrugglestoberespectfulforpeopleandformyself.Mr.Robergechangedthe____10____ofmylife,bymaybeafewcentimeters.Butthatdifferencehasaccumulatedovertime,andIamnotthepersonIwouldhavebeen.1.A.continuedB.agreedC.hesitatedD.failed2.A.wonB.votedC.withdrewD.panicked3.A.freedomB.achievementC.lightnessD.security4.A.coolestB.hardestC.bestD.lowest5.A.truthfulB.respectfulC.smartD.humble6.A.disturbedB.punishedC.doubtedD.stopped
37.A.sharpB.abstractC.confusingD.discouraging8.A.self-controlB.self-acceptanceC.self-respectD.self-discipline9.A.comfortedB.curedC.impressedD.inspired10.A.goalB.valueC.paceD.course第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。SinceWilliamShakespearelivedmorethan400yearsago,andmanyrecordsfromthattimewerelostorneverexistedinthefirstplace,wedon’tknoweverythingabouthislife.___11___wedoknowisthatShakespearegrewupinStratfordbutheworkedinLondon,thecenterofEnglishtheater,wherehe___12___(become)well-knownasanactor,aplaywright,andapartnerinaleadingactingcompany.Evenwithoutknowingeverythingabouthislife,fansofShakespearehaveimaginedandreimaginedhimaccordingtotheirown___13___(taste).B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Conflictresolutionisimportantforthesuccessofanyteam.Leavingaconflictunresolvedcannegativelyimpactmoraleandproductivity,___14___(result)inatenseanduncomfortableworkenvironmentforall.Resolvingconflictsintheworkplaceallowsteamstotrusteachotherandworkbettertogethertoachievetheirgoals.Conflictresolution___15___(enable)teammemberstounderstandeachotherbetterandcreatesmootherworkingrelationshipsinthefuture.Conflictresolutionisa___16___(value)leadershipskilltohave.Individualswiththeabilitytorecognizeconflicts,acknowledgedifferencesandfindquickandpeacefulresolutionareessentialtoanyorganization.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ifyouwokeup20yearsfromnowin2042,whatwouldbedifferent?Herearesomeideas___17___(base)onnumbersthatdon’trequirecrystalball.About70%oftheworldpopulationisexpectedtoliveinurbanareasby2050.Thatmeansmostcitiesaregoingtoneedmoreinfrastructure.Roads,publictransportationandwastemanagement___18___(upgrade).Andwe’llbeolder.Wearelikelytoliveuntil82.4yearsold,comparedwiththe
4currentlifeexpectancyof79.1years.That’sagoodthing___19___healthcarecompanies.Butlivingthreeextrayearsisgoingtobemoreexpensive,___20___willhaveimplicationsforbothworkingandsaving.第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhat’sSoFunny?In1990,duringaperformanceofmystageplay,Ikeptfocusingmyselfononeparticularmemberoftheaudience.Whileeverybodyelselaughed,thereshesat,staringatthefloor,withherfingersinherears.I’llneverforgetherlookofdiscomfort.Thatwomanwasmymother.IwishIcouldsayherreactionthateveningwasanincident,butitwasoneofmanyIrememberwhenIwasfirststartingoutasaplaywright.AlthoughI’destablishedmyselfasahumourist,mymotherneverfoundmeormyworkparticularlyfunny.Welovedeachotherdeeply,ofcourse,butshewasmyhardestcritic.“IsDrewreallythatfunny?”she’daskfamilymembers.Tomakemattersworse,thefeelingwasmutual(相互的):thoughoursocialcirclesworethatshewasfunny,Ineversawit.Howcouldshebefunny?Mymotherwassupposedlyveryfunnyinherfirstlanguage,Anishinaabemowin,butIdidn’tspeakit.Oneofthecharacteristicsofthelanguageisthatitisstructuredformaximumamusement.ForawhileIwasconvincedIwouldnevermakeherlaugh.Then,in2005,Isucceeded.Ihadpublishedabookcalled,MeFunny.Initweredozensofessaysdeconstructing(解构)thehumourinAnishinaabemowin.Theycrackedherupsomuchthatshelookedatmeanddeclared,“Wow,thatwasfunny!”Irememberbeingrelievedandverypleased.In2009,mymotherpassedaway.Iwasinchargeofplanningthefuneralalongwithtwocousins.Becausemymotherwasashywoman,Icanguaranteeshewouldhavefoundourgroupeffortquiteembarrassing.Duringthefuneral,amidstthetears,familymemberafterfamilymembergotupandrecountedthingsshehaddoneandsaidovertheyears.Tomysurprise,Ifoundmyselflaughing.Moreandmorestoriesabouthersurfaced.Welaughedaswerememberedher.Icouldn’tseemymother’sforestformyowntrees.IwishIcouldhavesharedthoselaughswithherwhileshewasalive,butI’mgladIfinallymadetheconnection.21.Theauthor’smotherdidn’tlaughwhenwatchinghisplaybecause________.A.shewasn’tinterestedinstageplaysB.shefeltuncomfortableatthetheatre
5C.shecouldn’tunderstandhishumourD.shehaddifficultyfollowingtheplot22.Whatfinallyhelpedtheauthorunderstandhismother’shumour?A.Thereleaseofhisbook.B.Thestoriesabouthismother.CTheaudience’sfeedback.D.Thesocialcircle’scomments.23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexpresshissorrow.B.Toexplainhishumour.C.Toshowhisachievements.D.Torememberhismother.BAbsenceofevidenceisnotthesamethingasevidenceofabsence.Butifyoutrytofindthedifferenceandkeepfailingtogetit,youcanbeforgiven.Andsoitiswiththecomplicatedsubjectofexplicit(明确的)grammarteachinginschools,anditslinkwithimprovedwritingability.Arecentstudy,likenearlyallpreviousstudiesonthissubject,foundthatteachingkidshowtolabelthebitsandpiecesinasentencedoesnotmakethembetterwriters.OtherobserversmaybegintowonderwhethertheNationalCurriculum,whichsince2014hasmadegrammarsuchacentralpartofitsEnglishprogramme,mighthavegonedownablindalley.Thepromoterofthecurriculum,aformersecretaryofeducation,MichaelGove,insistedontheinsertionofpersonalpreferenceintothegrammarcurriculum,notablythesubjunctiveform,“IfIwere”.Mentionofhisnamealonewrinklesmanyteachers’noses—partlybecausesomeofthemwerehardlypreparedtoteachthenewmaterialthemselvesafterdecadesinwhichgrammarwaslargelyabsentfromclassrooms.Inreflection,itseemsunsurprisingthatlearningtounderlineamodalverb,suchas“can”,“should”and“may”,doeslittletohelpstudentsusethemeffectivelyintheirownwriting.Thesewordsareanywaygraspedbytinychildrenwithouttheneedtoknowwhattheyarecalled.Thismayleadtotheconclusionthattheteachingofgrammarshouldbeshelvedaltogether.However,itshouldn’tbeabandoned,thoughitshouldbereformed.Therearepracticalreasonsforteachingandlearninggrammar.Oneisthatanexplicitknowledgeofitwillmakelearningaforeignlanguageeasier.Ifyoudidintuit(直觉上知道)howtomakesubordinateclausesinyourmothertongue,gettingtograsptheminaforeignlanguageinlateryearsissimplerifyouknowhowtodefineandspotthem.Forgrammarianskeenonthejobsofthefuture,thefieldofnaturallanguageprocessingisbooming.Technologicaltalentshaveinventedprogramsforautomatedtranslation,speechrecognitionandotherservicesthatareactuallyusable,eveniffarfromperfect.ThesetoolsmayrelymoreonknowledgeofAIthanofgrammar,butlinguisticexpertise(专门技能)stillmatters.
6Grammarcouldstillbetaughtbetter.Onesmallstudyshowedimprovementinsomestudentswhenconceptswerelinkedconcretelytowritingtasks.Therefore,thescienceofhowwordscombinetomakemeaningisfascinatingaswellasfundamental.24.WhatdomanyteachersthinkofMichaelGove’sidea?A.Theyareinsupportofhisclaim.B.Theyshowdisagreementwithhisidea.C.Theyhavenocommentsonhisphilosophy.D.Theyarepreparedtoteachthenewmaterials.25.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Mothertonguegrammarcontributestoforeignlanguagelearning.B.Grammaristaughtbetterinwritingthaninotherareasofteaching.C.Naturallanguageprocessingisstronglysupportedbygrammarians.D.GrammarknowledgeisnolongerneededwiththedevelopmentofAI.26.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Grammar—ToTeachorNottoTeachB.HowCouldGrammarBeTaughtBetterC.WhyLearnForeignLanguageGrammarD.MotherTongueGrammar—ImportantorNotCIfyou’rereachingforthelastpieceofpizzaataparty,andmeanwhileseeanotherhandgoingforit,yournextmoveprobablydependsonhowyoufeelandwhomthehandbelongsto.Yourlittlesister—youmightjustgrabthepizza.Yourboss—youprobablywillgiveup.Butifyou’rehungryandfeelingparticularlyconfident,youmightgoforit.Nowresearchershavemadeprogressinunderstandinghowmammals’brainencodessocialrankandusesthisinformationtoshapebehaviours—suchaswhethertofightforthatlastpizzaslice.Theydiscoveredthatanareaofthebraincalledthemedialprefrontalcortex(mPFC)wasresponsibleforrepresentingsocialrankinmammals;changestoamouse’smPFCaffectitsdominance(支配)behaviour.ButitwasunknownhowthemPFCrepresentedthisinformationandwhichneurons(神经元)wereinvolvedinchangingdominancebehaviour.Inthenewstudy,ProfessorKayTyeletgroupsoffourmiceshareacage,allowingasocialhierarchy(等级)tonaturallydevelop—somemicebecamemoredominantandothersmoresubordinate.Assoonasthemicewerepairedup,hediscovered,theactivityoftheirmPFCneuronscouldpredict—with90percentcertainty—therank
7oftheiropponent.“Weexpectedanimalsmightonlysignalrankwhentheyareinacompetition,”saysco-researcherNancy.“Butitturnsoutanimalswalkaroundwiththisrepresentationofsocialrankallthetime.”WhentheresearchersnextaskedwhethertheactivityofthemPFCneuronswasassociatedwithbehaviour,theyfoundsomethingsurprising.Thebrainactivitypatternswerelinkedwithslightchangesinbehaviour,suchashowfastamousemoved,andtheyalsocouldpredict—afull30secondsbeforethecompetitionstarted—whichmousewouldwinthefoodreward.Thewinnerwasnotalwaysthemoredominant,buttheoneengagedina“winningmindset”.Justasyoumightsometimesbeinamorecompetitivemoodandbemorelikelytosnatchthatpizzaslicebeforeyourboss,asubordinatemousemightbeinamore“winningmindset”thanamoredominantmouseandendupwinning.TheareasofthemPFCassociatedwithsocialrankand“winningmindset”arenexttooneanotherandhighlyconnected.Signalsonsocialrankimpactthestateofthebraininvolvedin“winningmindset”.Inotherwords,asubordinatemouse’sconfidenceand“winningmindset”maypartiallydecreasewhenfacedwithadominantone.“Thisisfurtherevidencetosuggestthatweareindifferentbrainstateswhenwearewithotherscomparedtowhenwe’realone,”saysTye.“Regardlessofwhoyou’rewith,ifyou’reawareofotherpeoplearoundyou,yourbrainisusingdifferentneurons.”27.TheauthorwritesParagraph1inorderto________.A.tellaninterestingstoryB.presentatypicalexampleC.introduceamajortopicD.provideaconvincingproof28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph5referto?A.ThemPFCneurons.B.Theresearchers.C.Thebrainactivitypatterns.D.Thechangesinbehaviour.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy?A.mPFCneuronschangedominancebehaviour.B.Brainactivitiescaninfluencesocialhierarchy.C.Dominantopponentsboost“winningmindset”.D.Socialrankand“winningmindset”affectbehaviour.30.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thoseeagertowinmaysucceed.B.Whenalone,wearemoreconfident.C.Socialrankguidescompetitivebehaviour.D.“Winningmindset”establishesdominance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
8根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inscience,advancesareadailyoccurrence,buttruebreakthroughsarerare.Whatdoesittaketoachieveworld-changingscientificbreakthroughs?Somearetheresultofaluckyaccident,combinedwithcuriosity.Scientiststravelingdownoneroadsuddenlyfindreasontoswitchtoanotherroad,onetheyneverplannedtotravel—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.___31___Oneday,usuallyearlyintheircareer,theygetanideatheycan’tstopthinkingabout.It’scrazy,theysaytothemselves,butisitreallyimpossible?Theytalktorespectedcolleagueswhooftenremindthemofallthereasonstheirideamightnotwork,andhowdamagingthiscouldbefortheircareer.Yet,theideawon’tdieandtheyaredeterminedtotravelthatroad—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.___32___Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthroughstravel,theyoftenenduredisinterest,likeFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillinduetoluckyaccidentsandcuriosity,orrepeatedskepticismandrejection,likeKarikó,whomadeallmRNAvaccinespossiblewith20yearsofpersistenceandresilience.Bybringingtheirdreamstolife,theywererewardedwithfameandwealthandsomethingevenmorevaluable.___33___Ofcourse,theobsession(执念)withanunlikelydreamfailstopayoffformanyscientists.___34___Naturedoesn’tturnouttooperatethewaytheypredicted.Intheend,theirbeautifultheoryismurderedbybrutalfacts.Forthosedreamersontherighttrack,theywouldhaveachievedtheirdream—ifonlytheyhaddonetheexperimentalittledifferently,ifonlytheyhadpersistedalittlelonger,orifonlythesupportfortheirworkhadnotrunout.Ultimately,scientificbreakthroughsarepossibleonlyifasocietyiswillingtoinvestindreamers,recognizingthatnotallinvestmentswillleadtomajorbreakthroughs.___35___Moreimportantly,theinvestmentspreventsufferinganddeathandchangetheworld.A.Somescientistsareaddictedtotheircrazyideas.B.Theirideas,thoughbrilliant,intheendareprovedwrong.C.Buttheyrefusetogiveinandstruggletofindmorefinancialsupport.D.Becauseofthem,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldnevergotsickordied.E.Othermajorbreakthroughsoriginatefromscientistspursuingaspecificidea.F.ButsometimestheroadleadstomajorbreakthroughslikeX-rayandvaccines.G.However,theinvestmentsleadingtobreakthroughsbringagreatereconomicreturn.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，25分）第一节（共4小题；第54、55、56题各2分，第57题4分，共10分）
9阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。BeAwareoftheAnti-climaxManyofusworktirelesslytowardsourgoals,Wemayspendourlivesdreamingofthedayweareadmittedtoourdreamuniversity,publishourfirstbookorpurchaseourfirsthome.However,morethanoften,whenweachievethesethings,itdoesn’tfeelquiteasexpected.Infact,theachievementofthesegoalsfeelsanti-climactic,orabitofaletdown.“Ananti-climaxcanbeanunexpectedby-productofamilestoneachievement.Usually,themoresignificantthemilestone,thegreatertheanti-climaxmaybe,”saysRachelVora,psychotherapistandfounderofCYPWellbeing.“Thejourneytoachievingamilestonecanbeexcitingandall-consuming.Therefore,whenthisdisappearsovernight,wecanoftenfeellostandconfused.”Inpsychology,thebeliefthatwe’llbehappierwhenweachieveourgoalsevenhasafancyscientificname.Psychologistscallit“arrivalfallacy(悖论)”anditplaysabigpartinthosefeelingsofemptinessthatcanfollowachievingagoal.“Thetermdescribeshowfulfillingourgoalsandachievingourambitionsdoesn’tleadtoa‘happilyeverafter’”,statespsychologistLeeChambers.Ifyoufindyourselfcurrentlyworkingtowardsomethingbigthatyoususpectmayfeellikeabitofaletdown,therearestepsyoucantaketomanageandevenpreventthefeelingofanti-climax.EnjoythejourneyYou’dbetterslowdownalittleandcometorealizethatjoycomesfromthedoing,notthecompleting.Soinsteadofrushingforittobedone,takeamomenttoenjoythedoing.ForeseethecomedownIfyouareawareofapotentialupcominganti-climax,scheduleanactivitytolookforwardtosoonaftertheeventhasfinished.Considerplanningsometimewithfriendsandfamily,orattendingaconcertorevenacookingclass.Thiscanactasareminderthatotheraspectsoflifecanbejustasfulfilling.NormalizetheexperienceThekeyistonormalizefeelingsoflowmood,confusion,andself-doubtaroundanti-climaxes,whicharesomethingmanypeopleexperience.Connectingwithothersmayalsobebeneficial.Itcanhelptoengagewithfriendsandinfluencersonlinewhosharesimilarexperiencestofeellessisolated(孤立的)withyourownemotions.36.Accordingtothepassage,howdopeopleoftenfeelaftertheymakegreatachievements?37.Whatdoes“arrivalfallacy”referto?38.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.
10Todealwithyouranti-climax,you’dbetterstayawayfromthosewhosharesimilarexperienceswithyou.39.Supposeyouhavejustbeenadmittedtoyourdreamuniversity.Whatwillyoudotodealwiththeanti-climax?(Inabout40words)第二节（15分）40.假定你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对你近期居家学习期间的课余生活感兴趣，来电子邮件询问相关情况。请你用英语给他写一封回复邮件，内容要点如下：1.介绍课余生活(运动、劳动等)；2.分享感受。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：COVID-19pandemic新冠疫情DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua
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