山东省滨州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语（解析版）

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高三英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，苒选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhileyourtweenorteenisoldenoughtoreadbooksindependently,readingwiththemcancreateanopportunityformeaningfulconnection.Thesefollowingbooksaresuretopiquetheinterestofbothyouandyourchildandhelpyoufurtherconnectwithkids.BecomingBeforeshewasFirstLady,MichelleObamawasagirlgrowingupontheSouthSideChicago,thenanexecutive,andfinallyawifeandmothersupportingamanmakinghistory.Inthismemoir,Obamawritesaboutherlife,andthechallenges,highlights,andwisdomshe’slearnedalongtheway.TheBoysintheBoatThissuspensefulnonfictionreadisperfectforsportsfanatics,dreamers,andanyonewholovesagoodunderdogstory.FollowJoeRantzandthelivesofeightotheryoungmenfromthePacificNorthwestastheytraintobecometheAmericangoldmedalrowingteamatthe1936Olympics.TheOmnivore’sDilemmaPollan’sinvestigativedeepdiveintoAmerica’sfoodchainwillleavereadersseriouslyponderingtheirfoodchoices.Thoughconversationalandentertainingintone,hisworkbringsagreaterunderstandingofwhatweeat,whereitcamefrom,andboththepersonalandglobalimplicationsofthefoodweputinourbodies.EnduranceAmongotherremarkableaccomplishments,ScottKellybroketherecordforthelongestspaceflightbyanAmericanastronaut.InEndurance,Kellywritesabouthischildhood,thepathtobecominganastronaut,andthetrialsandtriumphsofhisyear-longmissioninspace.Clickbrightlyfamilybookclub.comformoreinformation.

11.Whichbookmayattractsportsfans?A.Becoming.B.TheBoysintheBoat.C.TheOmnivore’sDilemma.D.Endurance.2.WhatdoBecomingandEndurancehaveincommon?A.Theydescribetheexperiencesoftheauthors.B.Theyallmadehistoryinrespectivefields.C.Theygiveaninsightintoourfoodchoices.D.Theyarewrittenbywell-knownwomen.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anartmagazine.C.Abiography.D.Areadingwebsite.【答案】1B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些适合孩子阅读的书籍，这些书籍可以帮助家长进一步与孩子建立联系。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章TheBoysintheBoat这本书介绍中的“Thissuspensefulnonfictionreadisperfectforsportsfanatics,dreamers,andanyonewholovesagoodunderdogstory.(这本悬疑的写实文学作品非常适合体育迷、梦想家和任何喜欢好的失败者故事的人。)”可知，这本书很适合体育迷阅读。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Becoming这本书介绍中的“Inthismemoir,Obamawritesaboutherlife,andthechallenges,highlights,andwisdomshe’slearnedalongtheway.(在这本回忆录中，奥巴马讲述了她的生活，以及她一路走来的挑战、亮点和智慧。)”以及“Endurance”这本书介绍中的“InEndurance,Kellywritesabouthischildhood,thepathtobecominganastronaut,andthetrialsandtriumphsofhisyear-longmissioninspace.(在《耐力》一书中，凯利写了他的童年，成为宇航员的道路，以及他在太空中长达一年的任务的考验和胜利。)”可知，这两本书都写了作者自己的经历。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Clickbrightlyfamilybookclub.comformoreinformation(点击brightlyfamilybookclub.com获取更多信息)”中的“click(点击)”一词可知，这篇文章来自网站。故选D。BToaregularperson,Spitfiremaylooklikejustanordinarydog,buttofansofthedockdivingcircuit,heis

2anincredibleathleteinthesameleagueassportstarslikeMichaelJordanorKobeBryantBeforeCOVH-19,eight-year-oldSpitfireandhis16-year-oldowner,Sydney,dominatedthedockdivingcircuitlikeneverbeforeinthehistoryofthesport.Ifyou’reunfamiliarwiththesportofdockdiving,it’sessentiallydogsrunningonawoodendockandjumpingasfarorashighaspossiblebeforedivingintoapoolofwater.AndnodogdidthisbetterthanSpitfire.Between2016and2019,hebroke21worldrecords.SpitfirecameintotheMackeyfamilyin2013.Backthen,hewasjustanadorabledogwithbigeyesthatSydneyinstantlyfellinlovewith.Sydneyandhermotherlearnedaboutdockdivingin2016,fromafamilyfriendwhoencouragedthemtotryitwithSpitfire.InMayofthatyear,theydecidedtogivethesportatryandtheirpetprovedtobeanatural.Itwasn’tlongafterthatveryfirstjumpthatSydneyandSpitfirestartedmakingwavesintheworldofdockdiving.TheytookthesportbystormandtheydominatedeventsacrosstheUnitedStateslikenoteamhadeverdonebefore.Inthreeyears,time,theybrokemanyworldrecords,andbecameknownasanunbeatablepairofplayers.Beforehejumpsintotheair,theworld’sbestdockdiverreachesaspeedofabout30milesperhour,andwhenhetakestotheairhecanreachadistanceof31feetbeforehittingthewater,or8feet6incheswhenhe’sgoingforheight.It’snowondertheycallhimtheflyingdog.ButwhileSpitfireisundoubtedlythestaroftheshow,mostdockdivingexpertsareconvincedthatdespitehisathleticabilities,hewouldhaveneverreachedhistruepotentialwithouthisyoungowner’sguidance.Sydney’s“Ready?Ready?Go,Go,Go!”peptalktogetSpitfirefireduphasbecomefamousonthedockjumpingcircuit.4.WhyareMichaelJordanandKobeBryantmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.ToshowSpitfireownsthesamenumberoffans.B.ToshowSpitfire’sincredibletalentinbasketball.C.ToshowSpitfire’sexcellentperformanceinsports.D.Toshowtheimportanceofsportsstarstotheleague,5.Atfirst,whatinspiredSydneytotrythedockdivingwithSpitfire?A.Hisfriend’sencouragement.B.Hisdevotiontothedockdiving.C.Spitfire’sgoodperformanceindiving.D.Thepopularityofthedockdiving.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedogandbisownerfromthefourthparagraph?A.Theydidn’tperformwellatthebeginning.B.Theyachievedimpressiveresultsintheevents.

3C.Theywereeverdefeatedbyotherteams.D.TheyseldomparticipatedintheeventsinUS.7.WhatdomostexpertsthinkofSpitfire?A.Hecan’tliveuptothetitleofsportsstar.B.Hedoesn’tobeyhisowner’sordersattimes.C.Theydoubtwhetherhehashisathleticabilities.D.Sydney’sguidancecontributedtohisachievements.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一条狗的故事，Spitfire和他的主人并肩作战，成为了人们心中一位不可思议的运动员。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Toaregularperson,Spitfiremaylooklikejustanordinarydog,buttofansofthedockdivingcircuit,heisanincredibleathleteinthesameleagueassportstarslikeMichaelJordanorKobeBryant(对于普通人来说，Spitfire可能看起来只是一只普通的狗，但对于码头潜水赛道的粉丝来说，他是一位不可思议的运动员，与迈克尔·乔丹或科比·布莱恩特等体育明星处于同一联盟。)”可推断，文章在一段提到了迈克尔·乔丹和科比·布莱恩特是为了说明Spitfire在运动领域表现极佳。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sydneyandhermotherlearnedaboutdockdivingin2016,fromafamilyfriendwhoencouragedthemtotryitwithSpitfire.InMayofthatyear,theydecidedtogivethesportatryandtheirpetprovedtobeanatural.(2016年，Sydney和她的母亲从一位家族朋友那里了解到码头潜水，这位朋友鼓励她们让Spitfire尝试一下。那年5月，她们决定试一试，结果证明她们的宠物很有天赋。)”可知，Sydney决定让Spitfire尝试这项运动是因为一位朋友的鼓励。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Itwasn’tlongafterthatveryfirstjumpthatSydneyandSpitfirestartedmakingwavesintheworldofdockdiving.TheytookthesportbystormandtheydominatedeventsacrosstheUnitedStateslikenoteamhadeverdonebefore.Inthreeyears,time,theybrokemanyworldrecords,andbecameknownasanunbeatablepairofplayers.(在第一次潜水后不久，Sydney和Spitfire就开始在码头潜水界掀起波澜。他们在这项运动中掀起了一场风暴，他们在美国各地的赛事中占据了主导地位，这是前所未有的。在三年的时间里，他们打破了多项世界纪录，并被称为不可战胜的一对运动员。)”可推断，他们在码头潜水这项运动项目中取得了令人惊叹的成就。故选B。

4【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButwhileSpitfireisundoubtedlythestaroftheshow,mostdockdivingexpertsareconvincedthatdespitehisathleticabilities,hewouldhaveneverreachedhistruepotentialwithouthisyoungowner’sguidance.(虽然Spitfire无疑是这场表演的明星，但大多数码头潜水专家都相信，尽管它有运动能力，但如果没有它年轻主人的指导，它永远不会发挥出真正的潜力。)”可知，专家认为Spitfire的成功离不开主人Sydney的指导。故选D。CTunasashimimaybetastybuteverybitecomeswithahighbodycount:themillionsofsharkskilledeachyearwhenthey’reaccidentallycaughtbyindustrialfishingvessels.Nowanewtechnologyhasshownpromisingresultsinsharplyreducingthekillingofatoppredatorkeytokeepingoceanecosystemshealthy.Thecylindrical(圆柱形的)device,calledSharkGuard,wasdevelopedbyEishtekMarine,aUKcompanyin2020.TheSharkGuardcapsuleisattachedtoabaitedfishinghook.Itcontainsabattery-poweredcapacitorthatgeneratesathree-dimensionalelectricfield,whichcanbesensedbysharks.Theelectricalpulseoverstimulatestheanimal’selectroreceptorsthatitusestolocateprey,andshocksthesharkawayfromthehook.InJulyandAugust2021,twovesselsfishingforbluefintunaoffthesouthcoastofFrancetestedSharkGuardonhundredsofbaitedhooks.Duringthetrials,“bycatch”ofbluesharksper1,000hooksfellby91.3%.Anestimated100millionsharksarekilledannuallybycommercialfisheriesandsharkpopulationshavefallen71%since1970,accordingtoscientists.“Iseethisasbeingpotentiallyagame-changer,”saidRachelGraham,amarinescientist.“Theuseoftheseinstrumentswillbeveryhelpfulforcompaniestobeabletolabeltheirtunaortheirothertargetspeciesasbeing‘sharksafe’,liketheydowithdolphin-safetuna.”However,thecurrentversionofthedevicehasitslimitationsanditisnotyetcommerciallyavailable.Thebatterymustbechangedafter65hours,whichwouldnotbefeasibleforvesselsthatdeploythousandsofhooksonfishinglinesthatcanstretchformiles,Asolution,though,isunderdevelopment.Fishtekhasobtainedfundingfromthegovernmenttocreateaninduction(电磁感应)chargingsystemthatwouldbebuiltintothebinsthatstorelonglinehooks.Whenthehooksarereeledin,theywoulddockinachargingcupandbefullypoweredforthenextdeployment.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“atoppredator”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Sharks.B.Tunas.C.Vessels.D.Hooks.9.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A.WhatSharkGuardis.B.HowSharkGuardworks.

5C.WhySharkGuardisinvented.D.WhateffectsSharkGuardhas.10.WhatisRachelGraham’sattitudetowardsSharkGuard?A.DoubtfulB.Uncaring.C.Disapproving.D.Favorable.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thedevicewillbetestedsoon.B.Thedevicehasbeenwidelyused.C.Thedeviceneedstobeimproved.D.Thedevicedoesn’tneedcharging.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种保护鲨鱼的新设备。【8题详解】词义猜测题。上文“Tunasashimimaybetastybuteverybitecomeswithahighbodycount:themillionsofsharkskilledeachyearwhenthey’reaccidentallycaughtbyindustrialfishingvessels.(金枪鱼生鱼片可能很美味，但每一口都伴随着大量的鲨鱼死亡：每年有数百万条鲨鱼被工业渔船意外捕获而死亡。)”提出每年有大量的鲨鱼被工业渔船意外捕获而死亡，结合划线词所在句“Nowanewtechnologyhasshownpromisingresultsinsharplyreducingthekillingofatoppredatorkeytokeepingoceanecosystemshealthy.(现在，一项新技术已经显示出有希望的结果，可以大幅减少对一种顶级捕食者的杀戮，它是保持海洋生态系统健康的关键。)”可推知，句中提及的顶级捕食者就是上文中的鲨鱼，新的技术可以减少对其的杀戮。故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Thecylindrical(圆柱形的)device,calledSharkGuard,wasdevelopedbyEishtekMarine,aUKcompanyin2020.TheSharkGuardcapsuleisattachedtoabaitedfishinghook.Itcontainsabattery-poweredcapacitorthatgeneratesathree-dimensionalelectricfield,whichcanbesensedbysharks.Theelectricalpulseoverstimulatestheanimal’selectroreceptorsthatitusestolocateprey,andshocksthesharkawayfromthehook.(这种圆柱形设备被称为SharkGuard，由英国公司EishtekMarine于2020年开发。SharkGuard舱连接在一个带诱饵的鱼钩上。它包含一个电池供电的电容器，可以产生一个三维电场，鲨鱼可以感知到。这种电脉冲会过度刺激鲨鱼用来定位猎物的电感受器，并把鲨鱼从钩子上震开。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了SharkGuard是如何工作的。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“‘Iseethisasbeingpotentiallyagame-changer,’saidRachelGraham,amarinescientist.‘Theuseoftheseinstrumentswillbeveryhelpfulforcompaniestobeabletolabeltheirtunaortheirothertargetspeciesasbeing‘sharksafe’,liketheydowithdolphin-safetuna.’(

6“我认为这可能会改变游戏规则，”海洋科学家RachelGraham说，“这些仪器的使用将非常有助于公司将他们的金枪鱼或其他目标物种标记为‘鲨鱼安全’，就像他们对海豚安全所做的那样。”)”可知，RachelGraham认为这一做法很好，他赞成SharkGuard的使用。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“However,thecurrentversionofthedevicehasitslimitationsanditisnotyetcommerciallyavailable.(然而，当前版本的设备有其局限性，还没有商用。)”以及最后一段“Asolution,though,isunderdevelopment.(不过，一种解决方案正在开发中。)”可推断，这个设备还需要进一步改进。故选C。DOverthepastfewyears,anewstreetartforminSwedenhasbeenopeningoureyestoaworldwehadnotgivenmuchthoughttobefore.Acollectionofartistsinstalledtinybuildings,storesandcafesacrossthestreetsofSwedenandEuropedesignedtobeinhabitedbymice.Thesceneslikethefairytalesthatinspiredthem,aredreamyandadorable.Aminiaturerecordstore,completewithabottlecapbanjo(班卓琴)，asmallrestaurant,atravelagent,ajazzclub-allcraftedtothetiniestdetail.“Well,itstartedwithafewofusjustwantingtoconstructsomethinginapublicsetting,andthediscussionnarrowedinonourloveforthemoviesofDisney,”saidJimHanks,oneartistofthisgroup.“Weliketothinkofitassomethingweourselveswouldlovetomeetunexpectedlyinanotherwisedullconcreteenvironment.”Now,they’vecompletedanestimated30installations!MostlyinMalmoandStockholminSweden.Afterscoutingalocation,thegroupthenresearchthelocalhistoryoftheareatheyareintoinformtheirdesign.Oncesketchedout,theconstructionstakeuptotwomonthstobuildbeforetheyareinstalledinthedeadofnight.“Wejustwanttobringalittlebitofmagicintopeople’severydaylives,andmaybeinspiresomeonetocreatesomethingontheirownstreet,”JimHankssaid.“Weliketoimagineaworldwheresmallanimalsliveparalleltous,andrecycleobjectsweloseorthrowaway,soabottlecapbecomesachair,aboxofmatchesbecomesatable,astampbecomesapaintingandatrashcanbecomesarestaurant.”MichaelGehrisch,anAmericanphotographerbasedinLund,Sweden,capturedafewofthedream-likeminiaturescenesonvideo,whichshowstunnedonlookersbendingimpossiblylowtothegroundtotakepicturesandadmirethework.12.Whatisthemainfeatureoftheworksoftheseartists?A.Animal-friendly.B.Multi-functional

7C.Old-fashioned.D.Small-sized.13.WhatcanweinferfromJimHanks’words?A.Theywanttoinspiremorepeopletolearnart.BTheyhavereusedsomeolditemsintheirworks.C.Theywanttogivethecitymoremusicalelements.D.Theyareinspiredbytheirlovefortraditionalarchitecture.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningMichael’svideo?A.People’sloveforthisstreetartform.B.Thebestwaytoappreciatethework.C.Properbehaviorsofonlookersinpublic.D.People’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Streetartinallitsforms.B.Anewenvironmentalinitiative.C.Miniaturestoresformice.D.Therevivalofatraditionalart.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典的一种新的街头艺术形式，一群艺术家在瑞典和欧洲的街道上设计了供老鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesceneslikethefairytalesthatinspiredthem,aredreamyandadorable.Aminiaturerecordstore,completewithabottlecapbanjo(班卓琴)，asmallrestaurant,atravelagent,ajazzclub-allcraftedtothetiniestdetail.(这些场景就像鼓舞他们的童话故事一样，梦幻而可爱。一个微型唱片店，配有一个带瓶盖的班卓琴，一个小餐馆，一个旅行社，一个爵士俱乐部——所有这些都被精心制作到最微小的细节。)”可知，这些艺术家的作品主要特色就是小。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段““Wejustwanttobringalittlebitofmagicintopeople’severydaylives,andmaybeinspiresomeonetocreatesomethingontheirownstreet,”JimHankssaid.“Weliketoimagineaworldwheresmallanimalsliveparalleltous,andrecycleobjectsweloseorthrowaway,soabottlecapbecomesachair,aboxofmatchesbecomesatable,astampbecomesapaintingandatrashcanbecomesarestaurant.”(JimHanks

8说：“我们只是想给人们的日常生活带来一点魔力，也许能激励一些人在自己的街道上创造一些东西。”“我们喜欢想象这样一个世界，在那里小动物和我们平行生活，并回收我们丢失或扔掉的物品，所以瓶盖变成了椅子，一盒火柴变成了桌子，邮票变成了一幅画，垃圾桶变成了餐馆。”)”可推断，这些艺术家回收利用了一些旧物件创造了这个微型建筑世界。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“MichaelGehrisch,anAmericanphotographerbasedinLund,Sweden,capturedafewofthedream-likeminiaturescenesonvideo,whichshowstunnedonlookersbendingimpossiblylowtothegroundtotakepicturesandadmirethework.(住在瑞典隆德的美国摄影师MichaelGehrisch在视频中捕捉到了一些梦境般的微缩场景，从这些场景中可以看出，目瞪口呆的围观者难以置信地弯下腰来拍照和欣赏这些作品。)”可推断，MichaelGehrisch的视频表明了人们对这些微型建筑的喜爱。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Acollectionofartistsinstalledtinybuildings,storesandcafesacrossthestreetsofSwedenandEuropedesignedtobeinhabitedbymice.(一群艺术家在瑞典和欧洲的街道上设计了供老鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种新的街头艺术，一群艺术家在街道上设计了供老鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆等。所以“Miniaturestoresformice.(为小老鼠设计的迷你商店)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Noonewantstobecaughtshortofingredientsortastyfoodietreatsduringthefestiveseason,butChristmasfoodwasteisbecomingacommonproblem.____16____,wecanallbeguiltyofbuyingmorethanweneed.Sohere’smytop4tipsonhowtocutdownyourcheesewastethisChristmas.PreventionKeepthecheeseinthebestconditiontostartwith.Thiswayyouwillminimizetrimmingofdry,oldorexcessivelymoldycheese.____17____,withwaxpaperbeingthebestoption.Itallowsthecheesetobreatheslightlywithoutsuffocatingitinthesamewaythatclingfilmdoes.SavingIfyourcheesehasdriedonthesurfaceoryoucanseesurfacemoldsgrowingitdoesnothavetogointhebin!____18____Eitherscrapethesurfacewithaparingknifeifthedamageisminimalorusealong-bladedknifetocutaninchoffthepastetogetdowntothegoodstuff.Transformation____19____.Therearemanygreatrecipesofusingyourleftoversduringthe“twixmas”period.Forexample,amac‘n’cheese,soups,toasties,fondueorevenaCambozolacheeseandchocolatepuddingareagreatwayofusingupcheesewhichmaynotstillbeatitsbest.

9GiftingDuringthefestiveperioditiseasytogetcaughtupinhowexcellentcheeseis,andendupwithafridgefullofexcesscheese.Ihaveagroupofcheeseloverfriendswhoalwayswelcomeacheesecarepackage.____20____.A.YoucantrimthecheesedownB.ButitisveryhardtofindabetterwayC.ByresistingtheurgetobuymorethingsD.UsingthebestwrappingmaterialswillhelphereE.FrompurchasingtoomanyBrusselsproutstoorderingagiantturkeyF.Ifyouknowyouarenotgoingtouseallyourcheese,thinkabouttransformingitG.Ifyouneedtosplitittoavoidwaste,there’snothingmorerewardingthangivingcheesetoacheeselover【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.F20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个关于如何在圣诞节减少奶酪浪费的建议。【16题详解】根据空前“Noonewantstobecaughtshortofingredientsortastyfoodietreatsduringthefestiveseason,butChristmasfoodwasteisbecomingacommonproblem.(没有人希望在节日期间缺少食材或美味的美食，但圣诞节食物浪费正成为一个普遍问题。)”以及空后“wecanallbeguiltyofbuyingmorethanweneed.(我们都有可能因为买了超过我们需要的东西而感到内疚。)”可知，上下文都陈述了圣诞节期间食物浪费是一个普遍问题。选项E“FrompurchasingtoomanyBrusselsproutstoorderingagiantturkey(从买了太多抱子甘蓝到点了一只大火鸡)”举例说明了具体的食物浪费，与上下文内容一致。故选E。【17题详解】根据段首句“Keepthecheeseinthebestconditiontostartwith.(首先要保持奶酪处于最佳状态。)”可知，本段主要讲述了奶酪的储藏；再根据空后“withwaxpaperbeingthebestoption.(蜡纸是最好的选择。)”可知，空处提及的是包装材料的选择。选项D“Usingthebestwrappingmaterialswillhelphere(使用最好的包装材料会有帮助)”与下文一致，故选D。【18题详解】根据空前“Ifyourcheesehasdriedonthesurfaceoryoucanseesurfacemoldsgrowing,itdoesnothavetogointhebin!(如果你的奶酪表面已经干了，或者你可以看到表面的霉菌在生长，不必把它扔进垃圾桶！)”可知，作者认为即便奶酪的表面有霉菌，也不需要将之扔掉。再根据空后“Eitherscrapethesurfacewithaparingknifeifthedamageisminimalorusealong-bladedknifetocutaninchoffthepastetogetdowntothe

10goodstuff.(如果损坏很小，可以用削皮刀刮掉表面，也可以用长刃刀切掉一英寸，这样就能切到好的部分了。)”可知，作者提出了奶酪发霉的解决方法。选项A“Youcantrimthecheesedown(你可以把奶酪切下来)”也是解决奶酪发霉的方法，与下文内容一致。故选A。【19题详解】空处为段首句，应总起全段。根据下文“Therearemanygreatrecipesofusingyourleftoversduringthe“twixmas”period.Forexample,amac‘n’cheese,soups,toasties,fondueorevenaCambozolacheeseandchocolatepuddingareagreatwayofusingupcheesewhichmaynotstillbeatitsbest.(在“两个圣诞节”期间，有很多利用剩菜剩饭的好方法。例如，奶酪通心粉、汤、烤面包、奶酪火锅，甚至柬埔寨佐拉奶酪和巧克力布丁都是利用奶酪的好方法，哪怕这些奶酪可能还不是最好的状态。)”可知，本段主要讲述了利用剩余奶酪制作食物的方法。选项F“Ifyouknowyouarenotgoingtouseallyourcheese,thinkabouttransformingit.(如果你知道你不会用完所有的奶酪，考虑一下改变它。)”与下文内容一致。故选F。【20题详解】根据本段小标题“gifting(赠送)”可知，本段主要讲述的是可以将奶酪送人。再根据空前“Ihaveagroupofcheeseloverfriendswhoalwayswelcomeacheesecarepackage.(我有一群喜欢奶酪的朋友，他们总是喜欢奶酪包。)”可知，空处内容为作者提议将奶酪送给那些喜欢奶酪的人。选项G“Ifyouneedtosplitittoavoidwaste,there’snothingmorerewardingthangivingcheesetoacheeselover(如果你需要把奶酪分开来避免浪费，没有什么比把奶酪送给奶酪爱好者更有意义了)”符合上文内容，且与本段主要内容相一致。故选G。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thereisnowaytheyjustdroveintothatwater,thoughtCorionEvans.The16-year-oldwas____21____withfriendsinaparkingareaunderneathahighwaywhenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsidedroveoffaboatslopeandintothePascagoulaRiver.Itcameto____22____some20feetfromland,thensank.Thedriver,Evanswouldlearn,had____23____followedwrongdirectionsfromherGPS.Itwasaround2：30a.m.bythetimeEvansandbrothersKaronandCalebBradleygottotheriver’sedge.Inthedarkness,theycouldbarely____24____thegirlsholdingontightlytotheroof,theonlypartofthecarstill,barely,____25____water.Buttheycouldhearthedrowninggirls____26____.Withouthesitation,Evanstookoffhisshirtandshoes,tossedhisphonedown,thendivedintothewater,ariverheknewcrocodilescalled____27____.Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesawand,keepingherheadabovewater,____28____herashore.Justatthesame

11time,Karondivedintotherivertohelpanotherofthegirls.Buthalfwaybacktoshore,she____29____andwentunderwater,pullingKarondownwithher.Evansjumpedbackintothewaterandhelpedthemuntiltheycould______30______.Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.CoraWatson,19,couldnotswim.Shewasgulpingwater,strugglingtostay______31______.Scared,shebegantogounder.ThenextthingsheknewwasCorionhad______32______her.ThethreegirlsandKaronweretakentothehospitaland______33______“They’realive”,sayshismother,MarquitaEvans,“CorionEvans______34______hiscurfew,atimewhenchildrenmustbehomeintheevening”.Butshe’snotmad.“Hehadagood______35______thistime,”shesaid.21.A.hangingoutB.keepingupC.catchingupD.gettingaway22.A.disappearB.restC.recycleD.ruin23.A.blindlyB.hardlyC.regularlyD.abruptly24.A.pickupB.takeonC.makeoutD.setin25.A.aboveB.underC.besidesD.beyond26.A.searchingB.gatheringC.chattingD.screaming27.A.destinationB.destinyC.homeD.reserve28.A.fastenedB.masteredC.attractedD.led29.A.shoutedB.panickedC.hesitatedD.escaped30.A.standB.diveC.challengeD.defend31.A.calmB.afloatC.consciousD.awake32.A.controlledB.answeredC.grabbedD.inspired33.A.repaidB.releasedC.respondedD.rejected34.A.chargedB.followedC.riskedD.broke35.A.exampleB.reputationC.reasonD.request【答案】21A22.B23.A24.C25.A26.D27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.C33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一辆汽车意外坠河后，少年科里昂·埃文斯和朋友们救了一群女孩。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当时，这名16岁的少年正和朋友们在高速公路下的停车场闲逛，一辆载有三名少女的汽车从船坡上冲入帕斯卡古拉河。A.hangingout闲逛；B.keepingup保持；C.catchingup

12赶上；D.gettingaway逃脱；离开。根据“withfriendsinaparkingareaunderneathahighway”可知，埃文斯正和朋友们在高速公路下的停车场闲逛。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它停在离陆地约20英尺的地方，然后下沉。A.disappear消失；B.rest休息；C.recycle回收；D.ruin毁坏。cometorest停住。根据“The16-year-oldwas____1____withfriendsinaparkingareaunderneathahighwaywhenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsidedroveoffaboatslopeandintothePascagoulaRiver.”可知，汽车停在离陆地约20英尺的地方。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯会发现，司机盲目地遵循了GPS的错误指示。A.blindly盲目地；B.hardly几乎不；C.regularly有规律地；D.abruptly突然地。根据“The16-year-oldwas____1____withfriendsinaparkingareaunderneathahighwaywhenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsidedroveoffaboatslopeandintothePascagoulaRiver.”和常识可知，开车司机盲目地遵循了GPS的错误指示才开进河里的。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在黑暗中，他们几乎看不出女孩们紧紧抓住车顶，那是汽车唯一还在水面上的部分。A.pickup捡起；B.takeon呈现；C.makeout辨别；D.setin嵌入。根据“Itwasaround2：30a.m.bythetimeEvansandbrothersKaronandCalebBradleygottotheriver’sedge.”可知，因为是夜里，所以埃文斯和朋友们无法辨认出车里的女孩。故选C。【25题详解】考查介词或副词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗中，他们几乎看不出女孩们紧紧抓住车顶，那是汽车唯一还在水面上部分。A.above在……上面；B.under在……下面；C.besides此外；D.beyond超出。根据“theonlypartofthecarstill,”可知，车顶还浮在水面的上方。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们能听到溺水女孩的尖叫。A.searching寻找；B.gathering聚集；C.chatting交谈；D.screaming尖叫。根据“Inthedarkness,theycouldbarely____4____thegirlsholdingontightlytotheroof,theonlypartofthecarstill,barely,____5____water.”可知，埃文斯和朋友们能听到溺水女孩的尖叫。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯毫不犹豫地脱下衬衫和鞋子，把手机扔在地上，然后跳入水中，他知道这条河被鳄鱼称为家。A.destination目的地；B.destiny命运；C.home家；D.reserve保留。根据“ariverheknewcrocodiles”可知，这条被称为河鳄鱼之家。故选C。

13【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他帮助他看到的第一个女孩，让她的头露出水面，把她带上岸。A.fastened加速；B.mastered掌握；C.attracted吸引；D.led带领。根据“Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesawand,keepingherheadabovewater,”可知，埃文斯来领她看到的第一个女孩上岸。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在回到岸边的半路上，她惊慌失措，沉入了水下，卡隆也跟着她一起掉了下去。A.shouted大喊；B.panicked使……惊慌；C.hesitated犹豫；D.escaped逃跑。根据“andwentunderwater,pullingKarondownwithher.”可知，被救女孩因为惊慌失措，把卡隆带到水下了。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯又跳进水里，扶着她们，直到她们站起来为止。A.stand站；B.dive跳水；C.challenge挑战；D.defend防守。根据“Evansjumpedbackintothewaterandhelpedthem”可知，埃文斯跳入水中，扶着女孩们，直到她们站起来。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她大口地喝水，挣扎着浮在水面上。A.calm平静的；B.afloat漂浮的；C.conscious意识到的；D.awake醒着的。根据“Scared,shebegantogounder.”可知，这个女孩刚开始是浮在水面上的。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来她知道的就是科里昂抓住了她。A.controlled控制；B.answered回答；C.grabbed抓住；D.inspired鼓舞。根据“Scared,shebegantogounder.”可知，科里昂抓住了沉下水的女孩。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个女孩和卡伦被送往医院并救出，“她们还活着，”她的母亲玛奎塔·埃文斯说，“科利昂·埃文斯打破了宵禁——孩子们晚上必须在家。”A.repaid偿还；报答；B.released释放；救出；C.responded回复；D.rejected拒绝。根据“They’realive”可知，三个女孩送往医院被救出来。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个女孩和卡伦被送往医院并救出，“她们还活着，”她的母亲玛奎塔·埃文斯说，“科利昂·埃文斯打破了宵禁——孩子们晚上必须在家。”A.charged负责；B.followed跟随；C.risked冒险；D.broke打破。根据“atimewhenchildrenmustbehomeintheevening”和文章描述科利昂·埃文斯晚上出去时救了几个女孩子可知，科利昂·埃文斯打破了宵禁。故选D。【35题详解】

14考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这次他有一个很好的理由，”她说。A.example例子；B.reputation名誉；C.reason原因；D.request请求。根据“CorionEvans_____14_____hiscurfew,atimewhenchildrenmustbehomeintheevening”可知，科利昂·埃文斯打破了禁宵，但是他在外出时救了几个女孩子，所以有了打破宵禁的理由了。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.TianyiPavilion,____36____(know)astheChinesemainland’soldestprivatelibrary,wasfoundedbyFanQin,ahigh-rankingdefenseofficialintheMingDynasty.Heretiredin1560andreturnedtohishometownNingbo.Hespentfiveyearsbuildingthelibrarynearhishouse____37____(store)hisbookcollections.Inadditiontotraditionalpreservationmethods,hesetupstrictrulestomanagehislibrary,includingone____38____forbadepeoplefromgoingthereafterdrinkingalcohol.Afterhis____39____(die),hisoldestsonFanDachong,wasdeterminedtoshouldertheresponsibilityofprotectingthelibrary.Sincethen,afamilyrule____40____(establish)thatthedescendantsshouldnotdividethecollectionandthebooksshouldneverbetakenawayfromthelibrarypermanently.TianyiPavilionhassurvivedfor430years____41____alargecollectionofabout300,000ancientbooks,among____42____8,000arerarebookcopiesfromtheSongandMingdynasties.Whensharingstoriesaboutthelibraryat____43____event,TianyiTalk,heldlastmonth,ZhuangLizhen,currentdirectoroftheTianyiPavilion,saidthat____44____(preserve)thebookcollectionforsomanyyearswasadifficulttaskandthatFan’sfamilyhadputonastrongshowofresilienceandloveforbooksamidnumerouschallengeswhenprotectingbooks.Ithasbecomeamust-seetourismspotinNingboduetoitslongand_____45_____(glory)history.【答案】36.known37.tostore38.that39.death40.hasbeenestablished41.with42.which43.the44.preserving45.glorious【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国大陆最古老的私人图书馆：天一阁。【36题详解】

15考查非谓语动词。句意：天一阁是中国大陆最古老的私人图书馆，由明朝高级国防官员范钦建立。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“TianyiPavilion”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填known。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他花了五年时间在房子附近建了一座图书馆来存放他的藏书。非谓语动词担当目的状语用不定式形式。故填tostore。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了传统的保存方法，他还制定了严格的规则来管理他的图书馆，其中包括禁止人们在喝酒后进入图书馆。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为one，在从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词that引导。故填that。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：他死后，他的大儿子范大冲，决心肩负起保护图书馆的责任。根据空前的形容词性物主代词可知，空处为名词形式。故填death。【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：从那时起，就确立了一个家族规则，即后代不得分割收藏，书籍不得永久带出图书馆。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“sincethen”可知，本句为现在完成时；主语为“afamilyrule”单数，和动词establish之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填hasbeenestablished。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：天一阁至今已有430年历史，馆藏古籍约30万册，其中宋明两朝的珍本8000册。根据句意可知，空处指的是天一阁拥有古籍约30万册，用介词with。故填with。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：天一阁至今已有430年历史，馆藏古籍约30万册，其中宋明两朝的珍本8000册。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“300,000ancientbooks”，表示物，在定语从句中担当among的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：在上个月举行的“天一谈”活动上，现任天一阁馆长庄立臻分享了图书馆的故事，她说，保存这么多年的藏书是一项艰巨的任务，而范的家人在保护书籍的过程中，在众多困难中表现出了对书籍的坚韧和热爱。这里为冠词的使用，空处为修饰可数名词event，且为特指，代指下文的“TianyiTalk”，用定冠词。故填the。【44题详解】

16考查非谓语动词。句意：在上个月举行的“天一谈”活动上，现任天一阁馆长庄立臻分享了图书馆的故事，她说，保存这么多年的藏书是一项艰巨的任务，而范的家人在保护书籍的过程中，在众多困难中表现出了对书籍的坚韧和热爱。这里为非谓语动词担当主语，且为主动关系，用动名词形式。故填preserving。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：由于其悠久而辉煌的历史，它已成为宁波必看的旅游景点。根据空前and之前的long以及空后名词history可知，空处为形容词形式作定语。故填glorious。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，最近收到你的美国笔友Tina的来信，信中说弟弟总是泄露自己的秘密，为此感到很苦恼，你打算给她写封回信。内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达希望。注意:1.写作词数为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTina,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTina,Iamverygladtohearfromyou.Thankyouforyourtrustandtellingmeyourtrouble.NowIhaveknownyourproblemclearly.Idothinkthatthebestwaytostopitistomakeafriendlytalkwithyourbrotherassoonaspossible.Asateenager,wehavetherighttokeepsomethingsecretbyourselves.Soyoushouldtellhimpolitelythatyoudonotwanthimtoletoutyoursecret,eventhoughheisyourbrother.Iamsurehewillkeepyoursecretandyouwillbehappyagain.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua

17【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Tina写一封回信，为她弟弟总是泄露她的秘密而感到很苦恼给予安慰并提出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted收到来信：hearfrom→receivealetterfrom即使：eventhough→evenif问题：trouble→problem2.句式拓展同义句原句：Soyoushouldtellhimpolitelythatyoudonotwanthimtoletoutyoursecret,eventhoughheisyourbrother.拓展句：Whatyoushoulddoistotellhimpolitelythatyoudonotwanthimtoletoutyoursecretagain,eventhoughheisyourbrother.【点睛】【高分句型1】Soyoushouldtellhimpolitelythatyoudonotwanthimtoletoutyoursecret,eventhoughheisyourbrother.（运用了eventhough引导的让步状语从句以及that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Iamsurehewillkeepyoursecretandyouwillbehappyagain.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。RushingintotheIGAthatfallafternoon,IdidnotknowIwouldgettobeapartofsomethingbeautiful.Inallhonesty,Ican’tevenrememberwhyIwasinthisgrocerystore.Ican’trememberwhatwasinmycartorwhatIwentinfor.ButIdorememberitwasclosetoThanksgiving.Thatistheimportantpartofthisstory-thewhen,notthewhat.Afterselectingmyitems,Iproceededtothecheckoutline.Inoticedayoungwomaninthelineinfrontofme.Herclotheswereraggedy,andshelookedsotired.Shehadatoddlerwhocouldnothavebeenmorethanthreeandanewbornwhowasjustafewweeksold.ExhaustedishowIwoulddescribeher.Thetoddlerwasrunningandjumpingaroundjustliketoddlersdo.Thebabywascrying.Myheartwentouttoher.Ihadbeeninhershoeswithmyowntwosons.Shemanagedtogethergroceriesontheconveyorbelt(传送带)amidstallthechaosofherkids,andtheclerkstartedcheckingoutheritems.AsIstoodbehindher,Inoticedthatshewaslosingpatiencewithherkidsbat

18didn’tknowwhattodo.Shewastryingtobalancebothtaskswithoutcausingahugedisturbance.Thelinebehindmecontinuedtosnakeitswayintoanaisle(过道).Thepressurewasgrowing.AsIwatchedher,IrememberedatimethatIhadbeeninagrocerystorewithatoddlerwhowasrunningaroundandascreamingbaby.Irememberedtheill-tempered,oldmanbehindmeandthebadcommenthemadetomeasIcheckedout.ThatmemorytookmeawayfromtheIGAlineforamoment.WhenIcamebacktothepresent,Irealizedthattheyoungwomanwaslookingatafewitemsandtryingtodecidewhatsheneededtoputback.Thepeopleinlinebehindmeweregettingimpatientandfrustrated.Thedancingtoddlerandscreamingbabyjustaddedtothestressofhersituation.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Itouchedheronthearmandaskedherasimplequestion,“Honey,doyouneedtheseitemsforyourchildren?”________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withallthegroceriessheneeded,thewomanwasseriouslycrying.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Itouchedheronthearmandaskedherasimplequestion,“Honey,doyouneedtheseitemsforyourchildren?”Shehungherheadlow,whisperingthatshedidn’thaveenoughtopayforthem,butneededthemforThanksgiving.Ihadbeeninhershoesandknewwhatitwaslike.Iaskedtheclerktopackheritemsandpaidforthem.Withallthegroceriessheneeded,thewomanwasseriouslycrying.Shesaid,“Idon’tknowhowtorepayyou.”“I’lltakeahug!”Ismiled.Instantly,shewipedhertearsandhuggedme.Igladlyacceptedherhugaspaymentforhergroceries.Ialsosaidtoherthatshecouldpaymebackbyrememberingthisandpayingitforwardnexttimeshecameacrosssomeoneinneed.Shethankedmeandhappilywentout.Thetoddlerwasstillrunning,andthebabywasstillcrying,butnownooneseemedtomind.Thetotalcostforthegrocerieswaslessthanthirtydollars,

19butitwaswortheverypenny.Kindnesscanbegivenandreceivedeverywhere—eveninthecheckoutline!【解析】【导语】本文以感恩节购物为线索展开，讲述了感恩节前，作者购物，在杂货店排队结账时，帮助一位带着两个小孩，生活拮据，带钱不足的妇女结账的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我抚摸着她的手臂，问了她一个简单的问题：“亲爱的，你需要这些东西给你的孩子吗?””可知，第一段可描写作者想帮助那位妇女，为她付账买单。②由第二段首句内容“有了这么多她所需要的东西，女人哭得很厉害。”可知，第二段可描写那个妇女感谢作者，作者很欣慰。2.续写线索：帮助——付款——感动——报答——感谢——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.付款：payforthem/spendmoneyforthem②.回报：repay/return③.处于某人的处境：beinone’sshoes/beinthesituation情绪类①.高兴地：happily/gladly②.感谢：thank/begrateful/appreciate【点睛】[高分句型1].Shehungherheadlow,whisperingthatshedidn’thaveenoughtopayforthem,butneededthemforThanksgiving.(由非谓语动词现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2].Ihadbeeninhershoesandknewwhatitwaslike.(由连接代词what引导宾语从句)

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