2023年高考英语压轴题专项训练（全国卷专用）5 七选五（原卷版）

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压轴题05七选五七选五试题给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1.如果空白在段首(1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2.如果空白在段尾(1)重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。(2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。3.如果空白构成一整个自然段　　(1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。　　(2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。　　(3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。（2023·陕西西安·统考二模）HowtoTeachConfidenceWhileitmightseemlikesomepeoplearejustbornconfident,confidenceislargelyanacquiredskill.It’ssomethingyoucanmodelandteachotherpeople.____1____.Thenshowthemhowtoachievegoals,andhowtodealwithfailurewhenithappens.Withlessonslikethese,youcanteachthepeoplearoundyoutobecomemoreconfident.____2____Ifyou’retryingtoimprovesomeone’sconfidence,beamodelforhowtheyshouldbehaveinaconfidentway.Actconfidentaroundthemandinyourinterpersonalinteractions.Showthemconfidentinterpersonalrelationslikeeyecontact,handshakes,andmakingsmalltalk.Thisletsthempracticeinasafeenvironment.Praisesmallaccomplishmentstoraiseaperson’sself-worth.Ifyou’retryingtobuildsomeone’sconfidence,startsmall.Eachaccomplishmenttheycompleteisacauseforcelebration,evenifitseemssmall.Behappyforyourfriends,kids,orstudents.____3____Givespecificpraisesopeopleknowwhattheydidwell.____4____.Instead,tellthepersonexactlywhattheydidwell.Thismakesyourpraisemoregenuineandbooststhepersonself-esteemmorebyshowingthemtheirstrengths.Startwithapositivestatementbeforecorrectingsomething.Youmayhavetopointoutwheresomeoneneedstoimprove.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyou’reaparent,teacher,orcoach.____5____,alwaysstartbysayingsomethingpositivefirst.Thisraisestheperson’sspiritsandmakesiteasierforthemtotakethecriticalfeedbackthat’scomingup.A．ModelconfidentbehaviorforpeopleB．Ifyoudohavetomakecriticismsorcorrections学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2C．Aspecificpraiseisbetterthanasimple“Youdidwell”D．Insteadoffeelingcriticized,thepersonwillknowyou’resincereE．Youmightshowsomeone’sstrengthstohelpthemseethebrightsideF．YourpositiveenergywillteachthemtocelebratetheirachievementsG．Startbybuildinguptheirself-esteem,independentthought,andpositiveself-talk（2023·江西鹰潭·统考一模）Rabbitsareacourageouslittlespeciesabletoliveoneverycontinent,exceptAntarctica.Alongsidethebeginningof2023,thenewYearoftheRabbithasstarted!____6____CulturalimageofrabbitsinChinaRabbitsareinstinctivelyquietbutagile(敏捷),whichsuitstraditionalChineseaestheticvaluesofbeinggentleandcultivated.ThereisaviewofrabbitsinChinesecultureasbeingsmartandgentle.____7____,aChineseidiompraisingpeoplewhoaresmartandagilelikearabbit.LegendhasitthatthereisaJadeRabbitlivingonthemoonwhichisthepetofChang’e,agoddesswidelyknowninChina.Thiscanexplainwhyrabbitsareregardedasanauspicioussign.Also,inancientChina,itwascommonsensethatthemorechildrenyouhad,theluckierandhappieryouwouldbe.Thisbeliefmadetherabbitapopularsignofgoodfortune.____8____CulturalimageofrabbitsintheWestSimilarlyintheWest,rabbitsarefullofvitalityandfertileinnature,withpopulationsgrowingtoenormoussizesinshortamountsoftime.RabbitsarealsoconsideredtobeincrediblyluckyintheWest,withseveraltraditionsillustratinghowtogaintheanimal’sgoodluckforyourself.Ahunterbeingabletocatcharabbitinthefirstplaceisalsoasignofgoodluck.AnothertraditionforgoodluckfoundinNorthAmericaandtheUKKistosaytheword“rabbit”onthefirstmorningofeverymonth.____9____ItisarabbitthatAlicefollowsinthestoryofAliceinWonderlandtoescapethenormalworldandhelpstobeginheradventure.RabbitsarealsorelatedtoEaster,withtheEasterbunnybeingthoughttobeinsomewayrelatedtothechocolateeggseatenatthistimeofyear:Whiletheanimalappearsinmanydifferentplaces,itisalwaysseenasananimaltobewelcomed.So,nowitistheluckyanimal’sturnontheChinesezodiac.____10____A．Thisisshownbythephrase“dongrutuotu”B．Weareallfamiliarwiththephrase“shouzhudaitu”C．MaybenowisthebesttimetotalkaboutthisadorableanimalintheeyesofdifferentculturesD．MaytheYearoftheRabbitbringyousomegoodfortune,too!E．RabbitsalsopopupinotherareasofWesterncultureF．Astuffedrabbit’sfootissupposedtobringgoodfortune学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3G．Theyarewell-knowntobeabletoreproduceandthriveinsometimesdifficultandsurprisingconditions（2023·河南郑州·统考二模）“Lookingup,Ifindthemoonbright;Bowing,inhomesicknessI’mdrowned.”WhenIfeomaGladysfromNigeria,firstreadthelinefromLiBai’sThoughtsonaTranquilNight,thegirlfeltthepoet’sexperiencesandemotions(情感).“Ican’thelpbutfeelhomesick,”saidGladys,22,whoisstudyingChineseLanguageandLiteratureatSouthwestUniversity.Fromthenon,theNigeriangirlfellinlovewithancientChinesepoetry.____11____Forexample,inLiBai’spoemHardIstheWayoftheWorld,Gladysfelttheambitionandfaithoftilepoet.WhilereadingCaoCao’sAShortSong,shelearnedthatlifeisshortandthusweshouldletgoofthedifficultieswecouldn’tovercomeandvaluethepresent.____12____Inhereyes,itishowitcantraveloverthemountainsandspreadfromtheancientpasttothepresent,butneverchangeitsoriginalintention,keepingitstruthandemotionalweight.“Thisiswhatmanypopularnovelsandonlinearticlesareunabletodo,”saidtheNigeriangirl.____13____Forexample,LiBaiwrote,“Heavenhasmadeustalents;we’re  notmadeinvain.Athousandgoldcoinsspent,morewillturnupagain.”About1,000yearslater,Goethe,aGermanpoet,wouldsaysomethingquitesimilar-____14____“Behindthebeautifulpoems,IdiscoveredthewisdomoftheChinesepeople,thecharmofChineseculture,andtheworldwidebasisofChinesecultureaswell,”saidGladys.Now,thegirlhopestobecomeaprofessionaltranslator.____15____A．ShelearnedChinesecultureandwisdomthroughit.B．WhatisthemostattractivepartofancientChinesepoetry?C．ShegraduallyfoundforeignpoemsaredifferenttoChinesepoems.D．HowcanancientChinesepoetryattractsomanypeoplearoundtheworld?E．Thepersonbornwithatalentismeanttouseitandwillfindgreathappiness.F．ShewantstopromoteChinesecultureandconnectChinawiththewholeworld.G．Butshe’smoresurprisedhowtheculturalqualityofChinesepoetrycanreachaudiencesworldwide.（2023·内蒙古赤峰·校联考三模）Languageispartofourdailylives,nomatterwhereweliveintheworld.Similarly,musicisapartofmanypeople’slives.____16____Herearesomeoftheirsimilarities.Bothlanguageandmusichaveawritingsystem____17____Similarly,weusenotestokeeparecordofmusic.Justasyouarereadingthiscollectionoflettersonthepaperandfindmeaninginit,musiciansreadnotesandcreatemeaningintheformofmusicwhichwecanhear.Byreadingpiecesoftextormusic,weareabletoshareexperiencesthroughtime.Forexample,wecanreadtheideasorhearthecompositionofsomeonewholivedhundredsofyearsago,whichisreallyquiteexciting.____18____学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4Youcanmakeagoodguessatwheresomeoneisfrombylisteningtothelanguagetheyuse.Inthesameway,weknowthatstylesofmusicaredifferentaroundtheworld,whichgivesustheopportunitytoexploremanydifferentculturesthroughtheirmusicandprovidinguswithmusicforeverysituation.BothshareemotionHowdoyouknowthatIamangry?Ofcourse,youmaybeabletoseeitinmyface,butyouwillknowforsurethroughmywords.____19____Musiccanshowyouexactlyhowthecomposerwasorisfeeling,andallowsustosharethatemotion.Whenyoufeelhappy,youmightwanttosinganddancetoahappysong.____20____A．Bothvarywithculture.B．Differentculturemakesdifferentmusic.C．Similarly,musiccansoundangry,sadorhappy.D．Bothlanguageandmusicplayahugeroleinourlives.E．InEnglishwerecordlanguageusingthealphabet,whichisacollectionofletters.F．Weusemusictoexpressemotions,combiningitwithlanguageinformoflyrics.G．Incontrast,youhaveprobablyalsolistenedtosadmusicwhenyoufeeldown.（2023·宁夏银川·银川一中校考一模）You’llprobablybefamiliarwiththeNorthAmericanspellingoftheword“airplane”.However,ifyou’veeverbeenonaninternationalflightleavingtheUnitedStatesandgoingtoanotherEnglish-speakingcountryliketheUnitedKingdom,you’veprobablynoticedthatthereareafewdifferencesbetweentheAmericanandBritishspellingsofwordswiththesamemeaning.____21____.TheAmericanEnglishspellingis“airplane”whiletheBritishEnglishspellingis“aeroplane”.So,whydoesthishappen?Let’slookattherootofthephenomenon.____22____.“BritishEnglishhasageneraltendencytofavourspellingsandwordsthatremindpeopleofFrench,butAmericanEnglish,whenithasdeviated(背离)fromwhatBritishEnglishdoes,oftenchangesintothedirectionofseeminglessFrench,”saysLynneMurphy,authorofTheProdigalTongue:TheLove-HateRelationshipBetweenBritish&AmericanEnglish.____23____.“Aeroplane”isnoexception.“We’recomfortablewith‘aero’inscientificterms,butasplanesbecamemorecommonthingstotalkabout,the‘aero’seemedtoofancy,”explainsMurphy.“InScientificAmericanin1906,therewasalreadyaclaimthat____24____.Tenyearslater,‘airplane’wasadoptedbytheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronauticsastheirterm.ItwasconsideredintheUnitedKingdom,butthatsuggestiondidn’tgoanywhere.”There’sagoodreasonwhywordsthatmeanthesamethingarespelleddifferently,andwhythatwillcontinuetohappen.“____25____,andpeoplearegenerallyproudofit,sotheycontinuetospelldifferently,”saysMurphy.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5A．EverycountryhasdifferentcultureB．Yourspellingtellspeoplewhereyou’refromC．Theword“airplane”happenstobeanexampleD．AirplaneisamuchbetterwordthanaeroplaneE．AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishhavesimilarhistoricaloriginsF．There’salotofhistorythatgoesbeyondwordsanddivesdeepintopolitics,government,andscienceG．AlotofwordsintheEnglishlanguageareborrowedfromotherlanguages,likeLatin,Greek,andFrench（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·统考一模）Anautobiography(自传)isapersonalaccountofaperson’slife.Somepeoplewritetheirautobiographywhiletheyarestillyoungandupdateitastheygetolder.____26____.Youcouldwriteyourautobiographyupuntilnow,asyouareatanimportanttimeinyourlifeanditwouldbeinterestingforyouandyourfamilytoreadinlateryears,toseehowyoudescribedyourlifeasateenager.Howshouldyouwriteyourautobiography?•Decidewhatyouwanttowrite____27____,thereisadifferencebetweenamemoir(回忆录)andanautobiographyandyoumustdecideonwhichoneyouwanttowritebeforeyoubegin.•Whoareyouwritingfor?Figuringoutwhoyouarewritingyourmemoirorautobiographyforissomethingyoushoulddecideonveryquickly.____28____,ordoyoujustwantsomethingtosharewithyourgrandchildrenandhelptocataloguethefamilyhistory?Dependingonwhichyoudecide,youraudiencemaybelookingfordifferentthings.•Beharsh“Everyonethinksthey’veledthemostinterestinglife’’saysRebeccaSwift,directorofTheLiteraryConsultancy,“butthemarketisextremelydifficulttobreakinto.”Peoplearemainlyinterestedincelebritynames,soifyou’rethinkingaboutwritinganautobiography,youneedtoaskyourself“Whymylife?____29____?”Unlessyou’reacelebrityorahouseholdname,youwillhavetothinkveryhardaboutwhatinyourlifeisworthwritingaboutifyouwanttopublishyourworkforawideraudience.•____30____Invitingasitmaybetopolishafewparticularlyembarrassingmomentsinyourlife,youmustremembertosticktothetruth.Yourautobiographyormemoirisfact,notfictionafterall.A．HonestyiskeyB．PolishyourwritingC．What’ssointerestingaboutmeD．Areyouwritingformainstreampublication学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6E．WhyshouldyouwriteanautobiographyorpersonalmemoirF．ThoughtheyhavetheirsimilaritiesandareoftenusedinterchangeablyG．Othersfindthetimeandtheinteresttowritetheirautobiographyaftertheyhaveretired（2023·广西柳州·统考三模）Therearemanywaystobeastudentleader:whetherit’sthroughstudentgovernment,academicteams,athleticteams,thearts,orcommunityservice.Ifyouwanttobeagoodleaderinschool,youneedtopracticegoodleadershipqualities.____31____Beagoodcommunicator.____32____.Youshouldbeabletoexpressyourselfinaclearwaysothatpeoplearemorelikelytolistentoyou.Beingagoodcommunicatoralsomeanslisteningwell.Agoodleaderwillbewillingtolistentothegroup,andconsiderallopinionswhenmakingdecisions.Haveothershelpwiththework.Youshoulddistributejobsevenlyamonggroupmembers.Everyoneinthegroupwillshoulderpartoftheworkthen.Ifsomeoneisn’tpullingtheirshareoftheworkload,privatelydiscussthiswiththem.Inthetalkyouletthemknowyou’rehopingyoucancountonthemtocontributealittlemore.____33____Makefulluseoftheavailableresources.Difficultiesandchallengesareeverywhere.____34____Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswertosomething,ornoticethatsomethingneedstobedonebutyou’renotsurehowtodoityourselves,you’retheonetoaskquestionsofyourteachers,coaches,etc,whoareyouravailableresources.____35____Sometimesthewaythingshavebeendoneisoutdatedortheycouldbedoneinabetterway.Youwillbetheonetodecideifacertainruleorpolicyneedstobechanged.Remembertohandleitwithanopenattitude.Ifyou’reabletoadaptanddoyourbesttoworkitout,thenyouhavepartofwhatittakestobeagreatleader!A．LookbeforeyouleapB．HerearesomesuggestionsforyouC．Don’tforgettobeopen-mindedandflexibleD．LearnpublicspeakingskillsandwritingskillsE．BydoingsoyoucanbringtheteamtogethertoparticipateF．ThatishowyougainknowledgeaboutbeingagoodleaderG．Agoodleaderknowswhomtoturntowhenhe’sinadifficultsituation（2023·广西南宁·统考一模）Wehumansoftennavigate(导航)usingroadsignsandGPS.___36___ConnieAllen,abehavioralecologistintheU.K.,saystheynavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirincrediblememories.___37___学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7AllenandhercolleaguesinvestigatedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants'abilitytotrackaveryspecificsmell:urine(尿液)．___38___．Thaturinecancontainalotofchemicalclues．Butfirst,theyneededsomeurine.SotheyheadedtoaspotalongBotswana'sRiverandwaited.Theywaitedforelephantstourinate.Within20minutes,theywentandcollectedthesefreshurinesamples.Thentheysetupcameratrapsonelephanttrails.___39___,theynoticedthatamajorityinvestigatedsmellsalongthetrails.Theresearcherssaythatsmellsmayserveassignsalongthetrails.___40___.Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples-especiallysamplesfrommatureadults-anotherindicationthatsmellmightbeastrongnavigationalclue.TheirfindingsappearinthejournalAnimalBehaviour.Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephanturinetohelpwiththeirwork.A．Elephantsdon't,thoughB．BycatchingtheelephantsalongthetrailsC．Elephantsurinatesome12to15gallonsadayD．Next,theyplacedthoseurinesamplesalongthetrailsE．Finally,theytestedthechemicalsoftheurinesamplesF．Afterobservingtheelephants'naturalbehavioronthepathsG．Butshealsosuggeststhatmaybethesmellisvitaltothelongmovements（2023·贵州·统考一模）LosingConfidence?4StepstoRegainConfidenceOh,thosevoicesinourheads!Youknowtheones.Theywhisperwordsofjudgmentanddoubt.____41____So,whatcanwedowhenwe’relosingconfidence?Step1:Figureouttherootcause.____42____So,takethetimetobecomeawareofyourenvironmentandyourrelationshipssothatyoucanidentifythenegativeinfluencesthatneedtobeaddressed.Step2:____43____Humanstendtorememberandreflectmoreonthenegativesinlife—pastpains,experiences,orfailures.So,forthisexercise,youwanttoforceyourselftowritedownthingsyouhavedoneinyourpastthathavegottenyoutowhereyouaretoday.Nomomentistoosmall.Step3:Strikeapose.Intheelevator,hallway,orthebathroomyouvisitonyourwaytowhateveritisthathasshakenyourfaithinyouandyourabilities,youdowhatshetoldmewascalled“theWonderWomanpose”.Simplyput,youstandstraight,takeupsomespace,putonehandoneachhip,chintiltedupward,breathein,andbepresent.____44____It’soneofthepowerposesbysocialpsychologistAmyCuddy.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8Step4:Justsay“no”.Losingconfidencemeansyou’vegivenyourpoweraway.Andoneofthefastestwaystotakebackyourpoweristoutteratinytwo-letterword:NO.Startoffsmall.____45____Thenjustsay“no”toit.A．Holdthisposeforafewminutes.B．Areyoustillfeelingupset?C．Reflectmoreonthenegativesinlife.D．Islookingthroughyoursocialmediadoingsomedamagetoyourmentalstate?E．Knowingwhyyou’relosingconfidenceiskeytoregainingit.F．Everyonelacksconfidenceoccasionally.G．Rememberwhoyouare.（2022·贵州贵阳·贵阳六中校考一模）Wehavefeaturedpeoplewholostweightbyfollowingmanydifferentmethods.Somefocusedstrictlyoneatingwell.____46____Herearesomelessonsyoucanlearnfromthosepeople.Onethingmostofourwellnesswinnershadincommonwasaturning-pointmoment.ForSanBoeuf,herjourneystartedwhenherunhealthyweightwasthreateningherdreamofbecomingamother.Shefocusedonhergoalofbeinghealthyenoughtohavekids.____47____Manyofourwinnersreliedontechnologytoassistthemontheirweight-lossjourneys.There'renumerousapps,devicesandonlinecommunities.____48____Sousingallthetoolsavailablemakesadifference,whetherthoseareappstologyourfood,smartdevicestotrackyourexercise,oronlinecommunitiestofindthesupportyouneed.Losingasignificantamountofweightisalongprocess.____49____Allofthewellnesswinnersexperiencedstrugglesalongthewaybutmanagedtostayorgetbackontrackandmaintaintheirhealthyhabits.SusanElizabethChaneystruggleswithaneatingdisorderafterlosingasignificantamountofweight.____50____Chooseadietyoucanstickwith.Inotherwords,thespecificplanmattersalotlessthantheeffortyouputintoit.Someusedintermittentfasting(间歇性禁食),whileothersfoundeatingsmallermealsthroughoutthedaytobemoresustainable.A．Theycanhelppeopleloseweight.B．Setahealthylifestyleforyourself.C．There’snomagicdietforwellnesswinners.D．Therearestrugglesandsetbacksalongtheway.E．Butfindinghelpandsupportmadeabigdifference.F．Alongwithlotsofhardwork,shemanagedtolose167pounds.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9G．Othersfoundaloveofexercise—orahealthycombinationsofboth.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10学科网（北京）股份有限公司