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《2023年高考英语压轴题专项训练（全国卷专用）12 阅读理解CD篇完形填空短文改错（原卷版）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
压轴题12阅读理解CD篇+完形填空+短文改错（时间：40分钟满分：56分）第一节（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分）A（2023·宁夏银川·银川一中校考一模）Usingthepowerofartificialintelligence(AI),scientistshaverevealednewinsightsintothecreationanddestructionofmassextinction.Contrarytoconventionalknowledge,theirstudysuggeststhatlargerextinctionsarenotalwaysaformof“creativedestruction”thatallowsneworganismstoradiate(向周围辐射出去)andevolve.Instead,itsuggeststhatmassextinctionisrarelyassociatedwithnewspeciesofradiation.Dr.HoyalCuthill,theleadstudyauthorfromtheUniversityofEssexintheUKandtheTokyoInstituteofTechnology,saidinastatement,“Someofthemostchallengingthingstounderstandthehistoryoflifearethevasttimelinesinvolvedandthenumberofspecies.Newmachinelearningapplicationscanhelpusunderstandtheinformationinhuman-readableform.Thismeansthatwecan,sotospeak,holdtheevolutionofhalfabillionyearsinthepalmofourhandandgainnewinsightsfromwhatwesee.”Theyconcludedthatmassextinctionandlaterradiationwerenotconnectedaspreviouslythought.Within5percentofthemostsignificantperiodsofdisruption(中断),AIdetected“bigfivemassextinctions,sevenmoremassextinctions,twomassextinction-radiationeventsand15massradiations.Mostimportantly,itdiscoversthatmassiveradiationandextinctionrarelyoccurredwitheachother,changingtheviewthatgreaterextinctionleadstoakindofdeepcycle-likespeciesradiationofnature.Itappearsthatlargerextinctionsarecertainlynottheengineofevolutionaryradiation.TaketheCambrianExplosionforexampleanditwasabout41millionyearsagowhenalargegroupofanimalsfirstappearedonthefirstfossilrecordandthedawnofahighmobileanimalequippedwithmodernphysicalfeatures.Thisnewstudyfoundthatahandfulofothernotableexplosionsofbiodiversity,includingtheCambrianExplosion,usuallyoccurredatatimewhentheywerelargelyisolated(孤立的)fromextinction.Dr.NicholasGuttenberg,astudyco-authorfromtheTokyoInstituteofTechnologyexplained,“Ecosystemsaredynamicandyoudon’tneedanythingtoexisttoallowsomethingnewtoappear.”1．What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toanalyzethecauseofcreativedestruction.B．Totellustheresultofthenewstudy.C．ToexplainthepowerofartificialintelligenceD．Topresenttheconventionalideaofmassextinction.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
12．WhatdoDr.HoyalCuthill’swordsimply?A．NewAImachineslearnapplicationsbetter.B．It’sdifficulttounderstandthehistoryoflife.C．Newspeciesappearbeforemassextinction.D．AIcontributesalottothestudyofevolution.3．WhyistheCambrianExplosionmentionedinthetext?A．Toprovideknowledgeofhistory.B．TohighlighttheimportanceofAI.C．Tosupportthenewstudy.D．Toprovethepreviousviewisright.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Anewunderstandingofmassextinction.B．Theprocessesofbiologicalevolution.C．AnimalspecieswithmodernphysicalfeaturesD．TherelationshipbetweenmassextinctionandradiationB（2023春·江西·高三校联考一模）Onacliff(悬崖)onKauai,adelicatelittleplantwithyellowflowersappearsfromtherock.Theonlysoundsarethewind,thewavesfarbelow,andadrone(无人机).Anotherdroneemergesfromthefirstandholdstheplantwithtwoarms,andgentlyliftstheplant.Asitsleaveswaveintheair,thedronelandsanddeliversitdirectlytoresearcherswaitingbelow.Thisscene,repeateddozensoftimeswithvariousplantsonHawaii’scliffsidesaspartofanewstudy,showshowdronescanhelpscientistspullrareandendangeredplantsfromspotsthatwouldotherwisebedangerousforhumanstoreach.Collectingsamplesisoftennecessarytobetterunderstandthesespecies,andhowtosavethem.Thestudy,publishedrecentlyinNatureScientificReports,buildsondecadesofbotanicalinvestigationsonKauai,whichhasmorethan250nativeplantspecies.Historically,botanistshaveclimbeddowntheisland’srockfacestoreachspecificplants,goingtoextremesforsamplestoraiseinanursery.Nyberg,ageographeranddronespecialist,andhisteamusedadronenamedMamba.Itssamplingcomponentsincludeagraspingarmthatcanmovelikeawrist.TheteamisnowconsideringhowtoequipMambawithothertoolstosuckinplantmaterialorsprayseedsandgrowingmediumontoacliffsideforreplanting.ThecarnationspeciescollectedfromKauai’shighcliffappearstobeaSchiedeaneveridentifiedtherebefore.ItsseedsarenowgrowingattheUniversityofCalifornia,withhelpfrombotanistsSakaiandWeller—a学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2marriedcouplewhohavestudiedSchiedeaformorethanthreedecadesandwereimpressedbytheinformationgatheredfromthedrone’ssampling.“I’mimpressed,andIcertainlythinkit’sareallynicenewtooltoknowmoreabouttheseplants,”Wellersays.SimilardronesystemscouldhelpresearchersreachotherforbiddingareassuchasthetabletopmountainsjustabovetheAmazonjungle.Basically,thisallowsuserstoreachcompletelyinaccessibleareas,wherevertheymaybe.5．Whatisthedronedoingonthecliff?A．Demonstratingsomeworkinsteadofman.B．Studyingtheconditionsofsomerareplants.C．Collectingrareplantswheremancan’tgo.D．Detectingthenecessarynutrientsforplants.6．Whatwillresearchersdowiththecollectedplants?A．Researchintowaystosavethem.B．Makethemintodriedplantsamples.C．Movethemtoplacesaccessibletoman.D．Improvetheirqualityformassgrowing.7．WhatcanwelearnaboutMambafromparagraph3?A．Nybergandhisteaminventedandperfectedit.B．It’sequippedwitharobotarmtograspthings.C．Ithastoolstospraygrowingnutrientsforplants.D．Ithasbeenworkingfordecadeswithrareplants.8．Whathasbeendoneaboutthedelicateplantcollectedonthecliffside?A．It’sstoredinamuseumforendangeredplants.B．It’smovedtothegardenofthebotanistcouple.C．It’sbeenphotographedandmadeintoasample.D．Itsseedsarecollectedtogrowinauniversity.第二节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）（2023·河南平顶山·统考二模）Itwasinmyfirstyearofworkasadoctor,towardstheendofmyjobinsurgery.Thattimewasfilledwithfrightening,uncomfortable___9___,buttheprospectofthisonewastheworst.Awomaninherearlytwentieshadbeenbroughtinafteraroadtrafficaccident.Thesurgeonshadbeenunableto___10___herlifeandshediedonthetable.Theconsultantaskedmetotalkwiththefamilyabout学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3organ___11___.Itfeltstrongly___12___andill-timedtobeconsideringthiskindofconversationwhiletheywerebeingabsorbedin___13___.Buttheproblemwithorgandonationisthateveryminute___14___.Thesoonerorganscanbe___15___,thebetterthechancetheywillsurviveinthebodyofthe___16___.Ibegantofeel___17___.Iopenedthedoorandsatoppositethem,____18____myselfthatIwasonlygoingtomakethingsworseforthem.“It’swhatshe’d____19____,”themothersaidbeforeI’d____20____finished.Thefathernodded.WhileIhadimaginedtheymightbeangrywithmefor____21____suchadelicatesubjectintheirmomentof____22____,infacttheyseemedpleased.“Shewasalwaysso____23____,”herfatheradded.Asweleftthem,it____24____tomethatI’dbeenwronginthinkingitwouldbeanawkwardconversation.Nothingcouldtakeawaythepainofhavinglosttheirdaughter.Yetthislast,finalact____25____themandhelpedthemfeelthatthespiritoftheirdaughterlivedoninthisactof____26____.____27____,itwasoneofthemost____28____conversationsIeverhavehad.9．A．exercisesB．expectationsC．experiencesD．lessons10．A．getB．cureC．saveD．relive11．A．transportB．removalC．commitmentD．donation12．A．strangeB．awkwardC．thrillingD．delightful13．A．griefB．disappointmentC．astonishmentD．relief14．A．viewsB．countsC．MeansD．deserves15．A．transplantedB．transformedC．movedD．operated16．A．recipientB．donorC．customerD．doctor17．A．annoyedB．patientC．uncomfortableD．pleased18．A．requestedB．arguedC．toldD．convinced19．A．heldB．wantedC．learnedD．guaranteed20．A．justB．neverC．yetD．even21．A．puttingupB．puttingoutC．bringingupD．bringingout22．A．sadnessB．memoryC．struggleD．delight23．A．selfishB．surprisedC．positiveD．generous24．A．happenedB．occurredC．seemedD．appeared25．A．calmedB．persuadedC．comfortedD．reflected26．A．braveryB．sacrificeC．devotionD．generosity27．A．StrangelyB．UltimatelyC．UnfortunatelyD．Significantly28．A．mind-blowingB．heart-warmingC．breathtakingD．heartbreaking学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）29．（2023·江西上饶·统考一模）假定英语课上老师请你修改以下作文，文有中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。Ialwayshadadreamtobeafluencyspeaker.However,suchshywasIthatIdidn’tdaretoutterawordinpublic.Thatwasjustbeyondmywildestimaginationwasthatfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream.Oneday,myEnglishteacheraskedmetogotoherofficeandtoldmeIwasgivenanuniqueopportunitytotakepartinanEnglishspeakingcompetition.Hearingthis,Icouldhardlyhidemyexcitement,hopedtogiveitashotimmediately.Whenmakingpreparationforthecompetition,Iwrotemyspeechheartandsoul.Afterfinishingthecomposition,Idiscusseditwithmyteacherandgotmuchadviceonhowtoimproveit.UnderthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,Ididn’tlosemyheartandmadegreatprogress.OnlythenIrealizethatitwasgreatbeneficialtoturntoteachersforhelpwhenconfrontedwithdifficulties.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
5学科网（北京）股份有限公司
