化工原理课后习题_天大版夏清

化工原理课后习题_天大版夏清

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大小:6.10 MB

页数:38页

时间:2023-07-06

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1ᑖ᪆8ö⚪z⌱|Ḅᔠ〉Ḅú☢᝞IᡠK8àᶍ4Ḅ*+ZG⚪O1-1'Ù4-4'É*☢Z2—2'Ù3—3'É*☢Zû1—1'Ù2—2'Ḅ*+ØÉ஺᪷Â☟{ÄÅGaÐᑡÏaÐü½8ýᐭMõ4¤Ḅ¤ðmM☢\Ahᙠ11',2—2'ú☢þÿPi=P2+PwigRVP1=PI,Pz=P3P3=PWithgh,P.|=Pg(H-h)+PMg(Ah+h)ὶᑮP«i«gR=Pg(H-h)+P᯼g(Ah+h)-PwaghᓽP*wgR=P*gH+P᯼gh-pkghᐭᦪ1.03X103X1-13.6X103XO.068=h(l.0X103-0.82X103)h=0.418m5.ᵨ⚪▬ὶU!"#$┡᮱☢(Ḅ#*+UḄᢣ-./0+1U2Ḅ34ᑁᐙ7஺9:0☢;<=☢Ḅᚖ?@AᑖC/DhE2.3m,h2=1.2m,h3=2.5m,h4=1.4m஺┡☢;<=☢NJFḄᚖ?@Ahs=3m஺ᜧ*Hpa=99.3X10%aoIJ┡᮱(#*ḄHP஺ᑖ᪆D✌ᐜ⌱Oᔠ〉ḄR☢ᵨ9341U+⚪S⌱O᝞ᡠ-Ḅ1V1R☢+W⌱OX☢+ᨬZ᪷☟]^<_ᳮᑡb+JccDd1—1R☢ᜐḄH/PifghḄUOa-aX☢+ᵫ☟]^<Po+P*g(h-hi)=Pl+Pg(h3-h))jᐭᦪ5Po+1.0X103X9.81X(3-1.4)=Pi+13.6X103X9.81X(2.5-1.4)fkhḄUOb-bX☢+ᵫ☟]^<P1+Pg(th-hz)=P«g(hi-h)+Pajᐭᦪ2Pi+1.OX103X9.81X(2.5-1.2)=13.6X103X9.81X(2.3T.2)+99.3X103cḼ1P„=3.64X105Pa6.᪷⚪▬ᡠ-ḄnḄoᦪ+pq*rḄ⊤HP஺9t/ᢣ-.,ᐸwxᑖC/920kg/m'998kg/Uஹz4☢{xR=300mm,1᡽ᜧ}Ḅᑁ~Dᙳ/60mm,Uᑁ~d/6mm஺qᑁ*rHXᜧ*+1᡽ᜧ}.☢஺ᑖ᪆D⚪Ḅᐵ=X☢+᪷᡽ᜧ}V;ᜧ*+V;q+9ᑡb1+ὶJccDᵫ☟]^<_ᑣ+⌱O1V/X☢+fUghp⊤+Pg(hi+R)=PifUkhP2=PgR+PsiighaP«=P*gR+P>ngh-P>ng(hi+R)2=p*gR-PgR+Pg(h-hi)2⚪6▬

2P&=0;᡽ᜧ}.☢ᓽn(D/2)2(h-hi)=n(d/2)2R2h2-hi=3mmp*=2.57X102Pa7.ᑡᣚ®*Ḅ¯ᵫ121᪷@X2.5mmḄ±²ᡂ஺´*99m/s·xᙠᑡᑁ¹º஺´*ᙠᑁḄᙳ»x/50࠷ஹH/196XlO'Pa(⊤)+ᙢᜧ*/98.7X10D+PaIJDপ´*ḄÄ"¹"ÅফÇÈᩩÊË+´*Ḅr̹"ÅবÎফḄpÏÐᣚpᡂ᪗=ÒÓË´*Ḅr̹"஺cD´*Ḅr̹"Vs=uA=9XJI/4X0.022X121=0.342m7sÄ"¹"w,=VsP=VsX(MP)/(RT)=0.342X[29X(98.7+196)]/[8.315X3231=1.09kg/sᣚpᡂ᪗=ÒÓVR/V2P2=Ti/T2Vs2=P1T2/P2TlXVsi=(294.7X273)/(101X323)X0.342=0.843m7s8.{ßàᑁḄ☢{ᙢ☢8m,áâ1)108X4mmḄ⍝¹b+qbä{ᙢ☢2m஺ᙠ⚪ᱯæᩩÊË+¹çèéḄê"ëᜫᢥEh=6.5u2p+ᐸuf/ᙠ⍝Ḅ¹·஺IpDপA—A'R☢ᜐḄ¹·ÅফḄ¹"+9mYh஺ᑖ᪆D⚪òóḄ¹rº]^+ᨵᐵ¹rº]^õ⌕ê"ឤpø⚪+•úûᵨḄüý]þ஺ûᵨüý]þc⚪Ḅᐵ=R☢t<=☢+f⚪ᩭᔠ〉Ḅ☢112—2,᝞ᡠ⌱ᙢ☢☢஺!"#ᙠ#%Ḅ&'u,ᙠ᝞ᡠḄ1)2—2,ᜐᑡ,-./0Z1g+0+P1/P=Z-2g+u2/2+p/p+Ehf2(Z,-Z)g=U2/2+6.5u2BᐭᦪE2(8-2)X9.81=7u,u=2.9m/sᣚMᡂOP&QV=uA=2.9Xn/4X0,I2X3600s=82m/h9.20࠷#Y2.5m/sḄ&'&Z[38X2.5mmḄ#\]Y┵_`653X3mḄ#\ab஺᝞c⚪▬ᡠᙠ┵_fgAஹBᜐᔜkᐭᚖmnᴻYpqf☢Ḅrs஺t#&ZAஹBf☢ḄuQvᜫ1.5J/kg,zfnᴻḄ#☢{(Ymm|)}ᙠc⚪▬%~fnᴻ%#☢Ḅa஺ᑖ᪆:᪷E#&AஹBf☢ḄOP&Qa]f☢ᜐḄ-ᑭ/0ᑡz!"#&ZAஹBf☢ᜐḄ&'ᑖu,ஹஹu,UAAA=UBABUB=(AA/AB)u=(33/47)2X2.5=1.23m/sAᙠAஹBf☢ᜐᑡ,-./0Zig+u/2+P1/P=Z2g+u22/2+P2/P+EhrZi=Z2

3/.(P-P2)/p=Ehr+(U1-U2)/2L2g(h-h)=1.5+(1.23-2.52)/22hi-h2=0.0882m=88.2mmᓽfnᴻḄ#☢{88.2mm10.ᵨ20࠷Ḅ#〈#ᛞ⚔ᑁ#ᢝឤ£ᔜᑖa᝞c⚪▬ᡠ஺¤Ḅm¥ᙳজ76X2.5mm,ᙠ¨©ᩩ«¬ᐭᜐ®⊤Ḅ°ᦪ24.66Xie?pa,#&Zᔾᐭµ᣸ᜐ(·ᒹ¹ºᜮ)ḄuQvᜫ¼ᑖᢥ£hs=2u2,Eh,-10u2r2|MᵫÀ¥·Áᦑ%uᔾᐭᡈ᣸Ḅ&'m/s஺᣸#µºᜮbÄᜐḄrs98.07X103Pa(⊤r)஺ÆzḄᨵᦔÉ᳛஺ᑖ᪆!]⚪ὃqḄÌᵨ,-./0zM¤ÍÎᡠ⌕zḄᨵᦔÉ᳛᦮ÑÍÎᑖᡂfᑖᩭᜐᳮ☢ᑮ®⊤ÕḄᔾᐭ®⊤ᑮ᣸ÕḄ᣸ᙠfÕᑖᑡ,-./0஺!ÖuQvᜫEhf=£hf+.0hf.2U|=U2=U=᝞'+101?=1᝞2ᙠ☢µ®⊤ᜐ☢©/0!zog+u()2/2+Po/P=Zig+i?/2+Pi/P+Ehf,i(Po-Pi)/P=zig+i?/2+£hf.iÅ⚪10▬u=2m/sw=uAP=7.9kg/ssᙠ®⊤µ᣸#-ºᜮbÄᜐ☢z,g+u72+P,/P+W.=Z2g+u72+P஻P+Ehf.2W-=zg+u72+P/p+Lhf.—(zig+u72+Pi/P)222=12.5X9.81+(98.07+24.66)/998.2X103+10X22=285.97J/kgNe=WeWs=285.97X7,9=2.26kw11.c⚪▬ᡠḄᑁ¥D2m,àµᑁ¥,d஺33mmḄâabᑁãäO⊡ᐙᐸä☢/L//èh஺2m(Yé%ê)஺äOᙠc⚪ᑁTI,&ìíḄᐰuQvᜫ¼ᢥZhk20u2ïᩭ|MiI%uäOᙠᑁḄ&'m/soÆzðᑁä☢-------f¬ñᡠ◤Ḅíô஺lmᑖ᪆!]⚪õöÑ÷øḄ,-./0Ḅ⚪ᑖ᪆Å⚪11▬⚪%ᑁãäO⊡ᐙᑣᑁ&'}·Ñ£úûÑᐵÀä☢èḄýᦪᢕÿᑁᑁḄᑡᑖᑖ஺ᙠ☢ᜐᜐ☢1T,2-2ᑡ$%&hig=u72+£hr=u'/2+20u0.u=(0.48h)"2=0.7h1/2☢9:dh,ᑁuA2dtḄ>/.Adh=uAdt=0.7h'@2dt2.,.dt=A,dh/(AzO.7h1/2)JKLᑖt=L8.h12.N⚪▬FᡠPQRSTUVWXYTUḄZ[QC⚪12▬F1ᣚHW2-I

41100kg/m\VWQ36m3஺\Ḅ]^_TU`AabᣚHᘤdeBḄfgᜫQ98.1J/kg,ᵫBeAḄfgᜫQ49J/kg,j(1)kIḄᦔ᳛Q70%nIḄop᳛Qkqkw?(2)kAᜐḄrs⊤uᦪQ245.2X103panᜐḄrs⊤uᦪQkBqPa?ᑖ᪆N⚪yVWXYTUᵫAabᣚHᘤzRᓾ|}~ᑮAzRᓾᙠA-ᣚHᘤ-BB-Abᑡ$%ᑭ஺(1)ᵫAᑮB☢ᜐ$%ᑭ0+U2/2+PA/PZog+uB/2+PB/P+9.81A^_UFUB(PA-PB)/P=Zg+9.81BᵫBᑮAᙠ☢ᜐ$%&BZg+u2/2+P/P+W.=O+UA2+PA/P+49BBR;(PA-P)/P-Zg+49=98.1+49=147.lj/kgBBWs=VsP=36/3600X1100=1Ikg/sNWeXWs=147.1X11=1618.lwIḄop᳛N=Ne/76%=2311.57W=2.31kw(2)ᵫ(PPB)/P=ZBg+9.81PB=PA-P(Zug+9.81)=245.2X10s-1100X(7X9.81+98.1)=6.2X10'Pa13.ᵨrZ[QHOOkg/m?Ḅῖ⇨ឋ>〈ᑮbḄ>ឤ஺\]^ᙳQ"60X3.5mm,ᐸ¡¢£N⚪▬F஺ᔜḄfgᜫQEh♦Eh.8=/,Eh,=l.18U2Obr¥¦§ḄᢣP>ᙳrrKQU©஺jªRi=45mm,h=200mmn(1)rḄBJ"PrsRQkq«(2)U¥r¦uᦪR?Q¬«JK9b®☢ᑡ$%&C13▬F0+0+Pi/P=Zg+0+P/P+Eh2r/.Pi=ZgP+O+P2+PEhf=10X9.81X1100+1100(2U2+1.18U2)=107.91X103+3498/ᙠrsḄB,Cᜐ¯☢,ᵫ☟&±PB+Pg(x+Ri)=P0+pg(hc+x)+P«RigBPB+1100X9.81X(0.045+x)=P0+1100X9.81X(5+x)+13.6X103X9.81X0.045P-PC=5.95X10'PaBᙠB,Cᜐ☢ᑡ$%&0+UB2/2+P/P=Zg+u2/2+P/P+Eh,BCBccf^²³0.Ub=UcP´Pc=P(Zg+Eh,K)=1100X(1.18u2+5X9.81)=5.95X10'Pafu=4.27m/srᑁ⊤rP.=l.23X105Pa(2)ᙠB,Dᜐ☢$%&0+UV2+PB/P=Zg+O+O+Eh1,BC+Zhc,CDP=(7X9.81+1.18U2+U2-0.5U2)X1100=8.35X10'PaBPB-Pgh=pU©R2g

58.35X10-1100X9.81X0.2=13.6X103X9.81XR2R=609.7mm214.ᙠ¼½¾§ᵨ¿ᴻÁ〈20࠷Ḅ70%Ä⏚.ᑁ^Q1.5cm,Q10kg/min,ᵨSIᱥᳮᓫᔜÎÏÐÑÒᦪÓᢣÔ஺Õ20࠷,70%ḄÄ⏚ḄZ[P=1049Kg/m:Ù[U=2.6mPa-sᵨSIᓫ¦Îd=l.5X102m,u=Ws/(PA)=0.9m/s0.Re=duP/U=(1.5X102X0.9X1049)/(2.6X103)=5.45X103ᵨᱥᳮᓫ¦ÎP=1.049g/cm3,u=Ws/(PA)=90cm/s,d=l.5cmu=2.6X10lPa,S=2.6X10'kg/(s*m)=2.6X102g/s,cm1Re=duP/P=(1.5X90X1.049)/(2.6X1O-2)=5.45X103V5.45X103>4000.♦•äåæçÔ15.ᙠN⚪▬FᡠPḄ¼½èé§æê^Uëb☢ìíHAh᎔éur¥¦ïb☢Ḅrs¥஺ªUḄQ10800kg/hn-Ur¥¦uᦪRQ100mm,ðñḄ]^ᑖòIᓃQ§60X3.5mmô§45X3.5mm஺¦Î(1)1kgUab☢ìḄfgᜫ஺(2)ôõfgᜫªḄrs:QkqPa?^-—ù(1)ᐜ¦ÎA,BbᜐḄûn-yUA=W/Ps=295m/s,u=wJpsSABBᙠA,B☢ᜐ$%&ZAg+u/2+P/P=ZBg+uBJ/2+PB/P+£hf1kgA,BḄᜫLhf=(UA2-U2)/2+(P!PB)/P=(UA2-U2)/2+PgR/P=4.41J/kgBB(2).%&'(ᜫ)*+,Ehf=AP/pAAP=PEhf=4.41X10316.345850kg/m3,9458Xl()3pasḄ=>ᙠᑁA514mmḄBCᑁDEF=ḄG5lm/s஺IJK(1)LMNᦪEPᢣRSTUVWX(2)YZG4[T\ᙳG4ᜐ(C_Ḅ`a(3)bCc5\CEdef%&5147X103pa,=>hiḄCjᐸ%&lm'ᑮ127.5X103Pa?p(1)Re=dup/u=(14X103X1X850)/(8X103)=1.49X103>2000•••v>STwW(2)ᵫTwy>GzCAᢥ|ᱥ~ᑖECAG+,y2=~2p(u-u)nu=0E/=/=2pu.p=r/2=d2/8Bu=u\ᙳ=0.5u*0.5m/s,/=-2p(0.5-1)=d2/8

6=0.125d2.•.ᓽ(C_Ḅ`ar=4.95X10m(3)ᙠ147X1(53127.5X10,%&☢ᜐᑡᑭui2/2+PA/P+Zig=ui/2+P/P+Zg+EhB2fui=u2,Zi=Z2/.PA/P=PB/P+EhfᜫhF(P-PB)/P=(147X10-127.5X103)/850A=22.94•••>STwW᥅ᦪ(dNᦪ)*+,ᐭ=64/RehrXX(1/d)XO.5u2/.v=14.95m•.•〈C5\CE.••Ciᓽ5CjḄi4ᓽ:Ci514.95m17.>¡ᙊC£DEC¤☢ḄG4ᑖ¥ᢥm☢¦§¨ᩭ⊤«u1=uw(y/R)1/7,¨y5®¯(°☢Ḅ`aE±y=R-r«I³´\ᙳG4u(ᨬᜧG4u·Ḅ¸¹஺ᑖ᪆\ᙳG4U5»(¤☢¼ḄᖪE¾»¥¿ÀÁÂG4Â5Ḅ>¡2nrdrḄ☢¼ḄÃÄᓽV=JVuX2Jtrdrrp\ᙳG4u=V/A=J0"u,X2Jtrdr/(itR2)=fo'Umax(y/R)1'X2Jtrdr/(itR2)=Zunm/R"'fR(R-r)"rdr0=0.82Uinaxu/5=0.8218.ÉÊḄ=>ᙠᙊËÌCᑁÍwD஺dCi±=>ᱥឋÏÐE¾CAÑÒÓᨵḄ1/2,ÕÖD×ؾÙÚḄᜫ5ÓᩭḄdÛÜXp•CAÑÝÞÏЕ'uiAi=u2A2¾ri=r2AI=4AU2=4U2ᵫᜫJK§¨Zh=x«(I/d)X(l/2u2)áfZh.i=X•(i/d)X(l/2ui2)fLh,=X•(i/d)X(1/2U2)=A•(i/d)X8(5)2r22=16Xhn1hre=16hri19.ᑁ¤☢51000mmX1200mmḄâËãäḄå4530Aun஺\ᙳᑖj530kg/kmol,\ᙳç45400࠷Ḅã⍝êëm¾eD஺ãämìíᢝ49PaḄïð4஺ᙠãäå4òᑁᜧêḄ34¥ó5ʹEᜧêç4520࠷,ᙢ☢ᜐḄᜧê%&5101.33X103Pao>ãäḄ᥅ᦪ¥õ50.05,I³ã⍝êḄ5dÛkg/h?pãäḄØöArÙA/n=(1X1.2)/2(1+1.2)=0.273mÌA&=4r„=l.109m>ãäᜫḄEh-X•(1/d)-u/2tc

7=0.05X(30/1.109)XU2/2=0.687u2ðêḄ34Pð/PM/RT=1.21Kg/m3ãäḄe⊤☢%&(⊤%)PI-P«gh=1.21X9.81X30=-355.02PaãäḄm⊤☢%&(⊤%)Pý-49PaãäᑁḄ\ᙳ%&P=(Pi.+Pm)/2+Po=101128Paᵫ!=PM/RT¥¿áᑮãäê>Ḅ34P=(30X10-3X101128)/(8.314X673)=0.5422Kg/m3ᙠãäem⊤☢ᑡᑭPt/P=Pr/P+Zg+EhfALh,=(Pj-P)/P-ZgT=(-49+355.02)/0.5422-30X9.81=268.25=0.687u2>Gu=19.76m/sÿ«=UAP=19.76X1X1.2X0.5422S=4.63X10'Kg/h20.2X103kgḄᵨ"#$%ᘤ'〈ᑮ*+,஺$%ᘤ☢/01ᢝ26.7X10,PaḄ5678*+,☢/09ᜧ;<=஺>⍝9Ḅ@>8AB950m,>D/ᨵFGᐰIḄJ▀8LGMNO(QRSTUᦪ94),5G᪗YZᜮ஺$%ᘤᑁ☢]>^_`Ḅab915m஺c"ᦔ᳛90.7,f"Ḅgh᳛஺ijkḄlm3s=2X1073600=5.56kg/smu=w/(Ap)=1.43m/s8820▬srsYᦪRe=dup/u=165199>4000xyz▬|1-29~5G᪗YZᜮḄBj5X2.1=10.5m2GᐰI▀ḄBj2X0.45=0.9m8QRSTBEi=10.5+0.9=11.4msᎷ1/X,/2=2lg(d/e)+1.14=2lg(68/0.3)+1.14A=0.029d/(eXReXX1/2)=0.008>0.0058ᔠᎷᓽᐭ=0.0298ᐰSTᜫEh=XX(i+Ete)/dXU2/2+CXU2/2=[0.029X(50+11.4)/(68X103)+4]X1.4372=30.863J/Kgᙠ$%,*+,☢ᑡᑭ0~pyP+We=Zg+P/P+Eh2We=Zg+(Pi-P)/P+Eh2=15X9.81+26.7X1071073+30.863=202.9J/Kgᨵᦔh᳛Ne=WeX3s=202.9X5.56=1.128X103

8gh᳛N=Ne/n=l.128X1070.7=1.61X10%=1.61KW21.#¤ᜓ〈_Ḅ¦;§ᨵ¨©ᱥl8ᙠ«6¬®ᐸ°±LG²³ᘤ8´µᦈ·¸ᱥl¹º»ᔠᑭᵨ8¼½¾¿᛻ÁÂ஺;k93600m3/h,ᐸᱥᳮឋl]50࠷Ḅ6;ÆyÇÈ஺᝞y⚪▬|ᡠÌ8;k¹ᐭÍÎÏḄ>^/ÐÑᨵᢣÌ9ÓḄU><ÔO8Õ7ᦪ930mm஺';>]«6>ḄᑁÖᙳ9250mm,>B]>Ø8▀ÙḄB¬950m,«6Ï]ÍÎϹ`ḄᚖÛab920m,ÜÝO;k°±ᛞᑁßᧇáḄ<=â9¢£▬|1.96X103Pao>äḄåæçè©é0.15mm,ᜧ4"I2ᧇ;<=9101.33ê103஺fÍÎÏḄᨵᦔh᳛஺ijx⊤~ì;kḄᨵᐵᱥឋîᦪP=1.093,u=1.96X105Pa•s;kmu=3600/(3600X4/JtX0.252)=20.38m/sl3.=uAs=20.38X4/nX0.252X1.093=1.093Kg/skðḄrsYᦪRe=dup/u=2.84X1059ñòᡠᨵB¬iA=1+£…=50m£é0.15£/d=0.15/250=0.0006x⊤~ᐭ=0.0189ᡠᨵõᜫᒹ÷_`8ᐭ`>⍝õᜫᓽj£h=0.5XU72+1XU72+(0.0189X50/0.25)•u2/2=1100.66ᙠ1-1ஹ2-2Fù☢ᜐᑡᑭ0u2/2+P./P+We=Zg+u2/2+P/P+Eh2We=Zg+(P-P,)/P+Eh2û1-1ஹ2-2Fù☢ᜐḄ<=ÔP-Pi=P2-PÓgh=1.96X103-103X9.81X31X2103=1665.7PaAWe=2820.83W/Kg"Ḅᨵᦔh᳛Ne=WeX3083.2W=3.08KW22.᝞y⚪▬|ᡠÌ88üÓ,Ó+ýᢝþÿ஺ᑁ100mmḄᨵ▀ᐭ15nlᜐ#ᨵ$%ᢣ'(ḄU*+,ᐸ-/⍝1/2ᜧ4஺+*,5ᑁᐙ78,:+;<=>Ḅ?@20m஺¢⚪22▬|(1).F▀ᐵHI:JR=600mm,h=1500mmOF▀PᑖRSI:ḄR=400mm,h=1400mm஺᥅VWᦪYZ0.025,ᐭᜐḄ[P\]Wᦪ0.5஺^_`Iabc

9(2).F▀ᐰRIU+*,:+ᜐḄ☟+kde(Pa,⊤+)஺▀ᐰRIL/dr15,᥅VWᦪsZ0.025஺tuপ᪷xcy☟]z{|g}~☢ᑮ⍝Ḅ@xPg(h+x)=PzKtHgR103X(1.5+x)=13.6X103X0.6x=6.6mPᑖRSI☢ᜐḄ+kPi=P*wgR-P*gh=39.63X10usPaᙠ☢ᜐIT☢ᜐᑡᑭg}Zg+0+0=0+u2/2+PI/P+EhZh=[X(i+LtJ/d+4]•U2/2=2.125u2A6.6X9.81=U72+39.63+2.125u2u=3.09/sy¤c¥3¦UAP=3.09XJt/4X(0.l)2X3600=87.41m7hফ▀ᐰRIZ2-2,3-3☢ᑡᑭg}Zg=u/2+0.5U2/2+0.025X(15+i/d)u2/2u=3.47m/sZ1-1ஹ3-3☢ᑡᑭg}PI7P=U2/2+0.025X(15+i7d)u72APi'=3.7X10'Pa23.10࠷Ḅ$500L/minḄc¥c«᪷?300mḄ¬Ḅ®¯°±@0.05஺ᨵ6mḄ+ᜮY³´µc¶\]·¸Ḅᨬ`º»஺tu¼⊤J10࠷IḄḄ½@P=999.7Kg/m3N=130.77X10^Pa•su=V/A=10.85X107d2sEh=6X9.81=58.86J/Kgf£hr=(ᐭ•i/d)U2/2=X•150u7dᎷ~Åcᐭ=64/Re=64u/duPVILg^LhfdWl.5X103ÈÉJRe=7051.22>2000ËÌᔠᎷ~.IÎcᎷ~Re=9.7X10'ᓽduP/u=9.7X10'Ad=8.34X10ஹᑣe/d=0.0006¼⊤JX=0.021⌕ÒEhWH,gᡂfᑣX-150u7dW58.86d>1.82X102m24.×ØÙḄ½@800kg/m3,Û41cP,ᵫ▬Öᡠ'ḄA〈áB,AḄ(☢ãBḄ(☢1111.5m஺ä〈då89X3.5mmæᒹè▀éF¥?@åê<ëᜫYíᶍ஺ÔÕ24SHÖ·¸uæ1åØḄc¥æm3/håOæ2ådï⁚▀

10éḄR@ÒØḄc¥ñò20%,ôI▀éḄF¥?@dem?tuপᙠö☢ᜐZ☢ᑡᑭg}U72+Zg+P/P=U2/2+P/P+Eh2rVPFP2Zg=Zh÷X•(t/d),U2/21.5X9.81=A•(50/82X10")•U72জᎷ~cyc¶Åc,ᑣ᥅V\]WᦪX=64/Re=64u/duPঝὶfজঝöüJᑮu=1.2m/s᪶þRe=dup/y=1920<2000ᎷᡂḄ3=uA=l.2Xn/4(82X103)2X3600s=22.8m7h(2)#⁚▀&'Ḅ3(=22.8X(1-20%)=18.24m7h#⁚▀&'Ḅ+,u=0.96m/s-ᳮᵫ01231.5X9.81=ᐭ•(1/82X107)•0.9672A.=64/Re=64u/duP;<=ᑮi=62.8m@▀&ḄAB,i.=i-50=12.8m25.ᙠ2HIJK-Ḅᔾᦈᛞᑁ@ᔜQᐙS-ḄQᧇ@U2Ehn-X•(i+Ei/d)•U22/2+4u,22e2=0.02X(50+150)/0.2•u)2+4Ui2*.*Ehn=Lhr2Aui2/U2=11.75/12.75ᓽ5=0.96u22±Vs=V+V,2sl=U1A1+u2A2,Al=A=(0.2)2n/4=0.01n2=(0.96U+U)•0.01JT22=0.3U2=4.875m/sUiA=4.68m/sᓽ2ᛞḄo~ᑖwcV=0.147m7s,V=0.153m7sS1sl2(2)ḄstᜫEh£hEh«=0.02X155/0.2-u//2+5u/=12.5u;=279.25J/Kg

1126.ᵨ¹º»¼20࠷½¾Vᑖw〈ÀA,BÁᘤᑁ@Vc89m/h3,VÃncÄ127X5mm஺ÅÆÇÈÉc1.93Ê105Pa,ÁᘤBᑁ½☢0Ì⊤Èclkgf/cn?,VḄlm;Îᶍ@ᔜᜓÑḄKÒÓÔ᝞§⚪▬FᡠÖ஺1¹º»ḄᨵᦔÈᜮH■y⚪26▬Fe22^VḄÈᜮtᜫHr,BA,Hf,¥(1)¹º»ḄᨵᦔÈᜮV+u=VJAA=3600Xn/4X(117)2X106u=2.3m/sᙠŽÙᜐ{ÈÉÛVÇᜐÜÝ☢ᑡßàᑭÌâZog+We=U72+Po/p+Ehr•.•VlmSÛEh0We=u2/2+P"P-Zog=2.372+1.93X107998.2-2X9.81=176.38J/Kg...ᨵᦔÈᜮHe=We/g=17.98mফ2^VḄÈᜮtᜫᙠä½Ù¢AஹB⊤☢ᑖwᑡßàᑭÌâZog+We=Zig+Pi/P+EhnZog+We=Zg+P?/p+£h=ᑮ2^VḄstᜫᑖwc2f2Eh&=Zog+We-(Zig+Pi/p)=2X9.81+176.38-(16X9.81+0)=39.04J/KgEh=Zog+We-(Zg+P2/P)f22=2X9.81+176.38-(8X9.81+101.33X107998.2)=16.0J/Kg.,.ÈᜮtᜫHn=Ehn/g=3.98mII12=Eh4g=1.63m27.ᵨᦔ᳛c80%Ḅç軼éêḄëìíÇÙ〈ÀîïÁᘤ@2ὅë☢ᙳñᢝឤô@Áᘤ⚔kÈÉ⊤öᦪc30X10'PaoJ1WW#⁚@÷â᝞§⚪▬FᡠÖ@øVc14m7h,Vnc666X3mm,VBc80mùᒹeᡠᨵjklmḄAB,ú஺ûWḄc5m%1,Vnc32X2.5mm,VBc20mùᒹe◀▀&᜜ḄVijklmḄAB,ú2VWḄüK-@ÎᶍäÙë☢Àᑖ^ý஺¡ÑḄstᜫ஺þÿ〈Ḅ50mPas,HOOkg/n?,:

12(1)Ḅ᳛(2)▀Ḅᦪ஺পḄ᳛ᑖ!"!Ḅ#$%ᣚᡂ$(!$(u=V/A=14/[3600X(JT/4)X(60)2X10-6]=1.38m/s!$(5=V,/A=5/[3600X(JI/4)X(27)2X10-6]=2.43m/sᐜ!$Ḅ*+,ᦪRe=duP/u=1821.6<2000-./$᥅1ᦪ23ᢥ56X=64/Re=0.03513ᙠ8☢":ᘤ☢ᜐᑡ>?ᑭABWe=Zg+P/P+Eh22f=5X9.81+30X1071100+0.03513X1.382X80/(60X103)=120.93J/Kg!C%$%3s=UAP=1.38X(“4)X(60)2X1100=5.81Kg/sḄ᳛Ne/n=WeX3./n=877.58W=0.877KWফ▀Ḅᦪ!E/$ᐸ᥅1ᦪL=64/Re,=0.04434ᨵᦔWe=0+u//2+0+Ehr=UI2/2+X•2/2-20/di+euI/2U1K▀Ḅᦪe=(We-U,72-X-uL/2•20/d,)-2/uL=7.1128.N⚪▬QᡠSTUVW,Z[8ḄV☢\ᢝឤ_`VᑖaBCbBDcd!᣸f`Z[8☢bcd!fghḄij11m,ABkᑁm38mm,n58mBCd!ᑁm32mm,o12.5mBDd!Ḅᑁm26mm,n14m,ᔜk!nᙳᒹs!tu▀ᐰwxḄy%n஺ABbBC!Ḅ᥅1ᦪ0.03஺(1)yBDd!Ḅ▀ᐵ{x`BCd!Ḅᨬᜧ᣸V%~/h?Y⚪28▬Q(2)yᡠᨵḄ▀ᐰwx`cd!Ḅ᣸V%ᔜ~m3/h?BDd!Ḅ!0.15mm,VḄ1000kg/m3,0.OOlPa•s«ᑖ᪆yBDd!Ḅ▀ᐵ{x`BC!Ḅ$%AB!Ḅ$%yᡠᨵḄ▀ᐰwx,AB!Ḅ$%BC,BDc!$%"஺ᙠZ[8ᑁ`V$(23ᶍ஺(1)BDd!Ḅ▀ᐵ{Vs.AB=Vs.BCᓽUoAo=UIAIu()Jt382/4=UiJt32z/4uo=0.71u,ᑖᙠ8☢bC-C,B-B☢ᜐᑡf>?ᑭAB0+0+Zog=uL/2+0+0+1Zhr.Ac0+0+Zig=UO2/2+0+0+Ehr,AB

13Ehf.Ac=A•(i/do),UO2/2+A,(i/di),u)2/2K=0.03X(58000/38)Xu1/2+0.03•(12500/32)Xu,2/2=22.89uo2+5.86u/Ehf.AB-A."(iAB/do),Uo-/2=0.03X(58000/38)XUO72=22.89Uo-.'.Ui=2.46m/sBCd!Ḅ᣸V%VS,BC=uA=7.Im7sফᡠᨵḄ▀ᐰwVs,AB-Vs,BC+Vs,BOUoAo=UIAI+u2A2Uon38"/4—Uin322/4+u2n2674u382=u,322+U262জ02Ꮇ¾ᙠBDkÀÁ1/ᐭ"=2lg(d/e)+1.14:.3=0.0317Æᳮᙠ8☢bc-c,D-D☢ᜐᑡf>?ᑭABZog-u)2/2+£hr.Ac=UI2/2+ᐭ•(iË/do),U2/2+A•(iBc/di)•uJ/2ঝ0Zog-U2V2+£h1,AD=/2/2+A•(IAfl/do)•Uo72+AD»(1/d),U22/2ঞBD2ὶÑজঝঞÒÓᑮui=1.776m/s,5=1.49m/s᪶Re=dup/u=26X10`X1.49X1070.001=38.74X103(d/E)/ReX1/2=0.025>0.005`Ꮇ¾ᡂÑᓽD,CcÙḄ$(5=1.776m/s,5=1.49m/s`BCk"BDḄ$%ᑖV.BC=32X10X(n/4)X3600XI.776S=5.14m3/sV.=26X10X(it/4)X3600X1.49SM=2.58m3/s29.ᙠজ38X2.5mmḄ!ÜÝᨵ᪗,ßà$%`ßàḄßm16.4mm,!á$âḄ20࠷Ḅä`åᵨçèéêëᵨU!êìí%ßàcíḄêîì`3VïᢣS`ñêòè!áᐙÀᵬä஺íÓU!êìḄõᦪ600nlm,!áᵬäḄ$%~kg/h?øNù▬⊤20࠷xᵬäḄ"ᑖP=867Kg/m3,u=0.675X103Ꮇ¾Re=8.67X10'yA%=(16.4/33)=0.245x`øßà$%ḄCobRe,A0/A1ḄᐵÓᑮCo=0.63#$%V=CoAo[2gR(P-P)/PþsA=0.63Xn/4X16.42X10*6X[2X9.81X0.6X(13.6-0.867)/0.867]1/2=1.75X103m7su=V/A=2.05m/ss᪶ᦪRe=duP/=8.67X10,%Ꮇ'()*+.•.ᵬ.Ḅ0113s=Vp=l.75X103X867X3600s=5426Kg/h

1489:;<〈>?1.ᙠᵨBCDEFGឋIḄJKLMN1O26m3/hPMGQRᜐTU⊤WᐭRᜐYZ⊤Ḅ[ᦪᑖ]O152kPaW24.7kPa,`a᳛O2.45kw,dO2900r/min,hYZ⊤WTU⊤iCTRjḄᚖlmEO0.4m,GḄnQRop*qMiCTRjorstuvwᶍyzM{|}GḄᦔ᳛MᑡQ}ᦔ᳛GḄឋI஺20࠷PBḄP=998.2Kg/m3ᙠGQRWᐭRᜐᑡᑭUi2/2g+Pi/Pg+H=ui2/2g+P2/Pg+H+Zr•••GnQRop*qMu,=u2yziCTRorstuHr=0APi/Pg+H=P/pg+Z2H=(P-P,)/pg+Z=0.4+(152+24.7)X103/998.2X9.82=18.46m}GḄᦔ᳛n=QHPg/N=26X18.46X998.2X9.8/(2.45X103X3600)—53.2.%2.ᵨEFG40m3/hḄ1BL65࠷ḄB<〈ᑮBᛞ⚔M¡ᜮ¡Q£¤ᐭBLM¥ᑮ¦ᓾḄ¨ḄM©ªBnᐭ¡ᜮ«¬◤⌕¯ᢝ49kPaḄ⊤TUM¡ᜮᐭR±BB☢³6m,ᔾᐭorW᣸QorLTᜮ¶ᜫᑖ]O1mW3m,orLḄsTᜮvwᶍyz஺{⌱ᵨᔠ〉ḄEFG»DGḄ¼½³஺NᙢᜧÀTᢥ10L33kPaz஺..•<〈ḄÃÄB,⌱ᵨBÆGÇ65࠷PBḄP=980.5Kg/m3

15ᙠB☢W¡ᜮᜐᑡᑭuÈ/2g+Pi/Pg+H=Ui2/2g+P/Pg+H+Z2tth=*=0ᑣH=(P-Pi)/Pg+H+Z2f=49X107980.5X9.8+6+(1+4)=15.1mQ=40m7hᵫÎ2-27Ïv⌱ᵨ3B19A2900465࠷PÄBḄ⛳WÑÒTPv=2.544X10'PaNᙢᜧÀTH”=P/pg=101.33X103/998.2X9.81=10.35mÇ▬⊤9ᓝØ3B19AḄGḄ129.5—48.6m7hOÙÚEFGIÛÜÝd,⌱ᵨᨬᜧ-1.2gᓣmZ=H-Hr,«=38-4=34m᝞zᙠ1-1,2-2|☢}~ᑡhu/2g+Pi/Pg+H=u2/2g+P/Pg+IT+AZ22ᐸ572g=u2/2g=02ᡠ◤⌕Ḅᜮ:H=(P-P,)/pg+AZ+C2=33.74m

16HIÌZÍA%=(do/d2)z=(35/50)2=0.49J20cÀÉḄᨵᐵᱥឋ9ᦪP=998.2Kg/m3,H=100.5X105,Pv=2.3346KpaᎷCoᙠ9ᦪØJz1-33ÙC஺=0.694ᑣuo=Co[2R(pÜP)g/P]',=10.07m/sW=0.49uo=4.93m/s᪶&IRe=dup/u=2.46X105>2X10522ᎷᡂâupU2(dz/di)J=1.23m/sᐕk@⇨d[Ah=(P(-P)/pg+u/2g2PiMPa-På¾m=28.02Kpaeh=(28.02-2.3346)X107998.2X9.81M2.7mᐕkᔾlmH.=(PÜP)/Pg-Ah-EH,v♦.•(☢⍝éê¬0ë;EHr=0MH=(PÜPv)/Pg-Ahs=(101.4-2.3346)X107(998.2X9.81)-2.7=7.42m5.Éìí(îïðÙᑮ1ᑡᔜïðᦪóIQ,L/min0100200300400500H,m37.2383734.531.828.5〈öḄ¡¢I·!d>76X4mm,÷!355m(ᒹùú®¯Ḅ=[÷m)ᔾᐭ᣸¾~!ûüýᘤᐸᑁÿ129.5kPa(⊤)Ḅ஺〈Ḅឋ!"஺#$প᪷'()ᡠ◤⌕ᜮH”QḄᐵ2$H0=K+BQ?9K=ZXZ+AP/pg@ᔾᐭ᣸DEFGHᜓ=0AK=AZ=4.8B=X•(i+2i)/d•l/2g(60X103A)2=(0.03X355/0.068)/2X9.81(0.0682XnX60X103/4)2=1.683X104S(⍝ᱯឋVW:4.8+1.683X10Vᵫ[ᑡᦪ'^D(⍝ᱯឋ_`Q.,L/min0100200300400500(H,m4.86.4811.5319.9531.7346.88e^DfgḄᱯឋ_`H-Qijkᙶ᪗2n᝞pᡠq$r_`ḄstᓽvᙠxyḄḄ400L/minফ{᣸DEF|}~ᘤ

17ijK=AZ+AP/Pg=4.8+129.5X107998.2X9.81=1.802•..9BḄᢝ...()ḄᱯឋVWHe=18.02+1.683X10V^D()Ḅᱯឋ_`Ḅᱯឋ_`Q,L/min0100200300400500eH,m18.0219.7024.7533.1744.9560.10eᑮḄ310L/min6.ḄfgᐸᜮḄᐵ2⊤qH=18-0.6X10஺(Hᓫm,Qᓫm3/s){ᵨvGᑮ⍝n☢lOOm?,n¢7m஺£¤ᑁ☢¦i⍝§☢2m,ᎷH⍝☢ᢝ@ᜧª!«஺()2¬ḄᜮᜫHr=O.4X10(J?(Ihᓫm,Qᓫn?/s)஺³ᑁᐰµDᡠ◤F஺#$ᑡD()ᱯឋVWH¶K+11,K=AZ+AP/Pg♦.•⍝ᙳᢝGAAP/Pg=0¸.K=AZAH=AZ+0.4X10Vᙠ£¤=2mAH=2+0.4X106Q2ὶºH=18-0.6X10஺#DḄQ=4X107s»ḄᐰµD=9mH¶9+0.4X106Q'2½ὶºH=18-0.6X10n,#DḄஹ=3X10m7sVQ¿ḼḄÁD9ÁÂÃQḄ§ᙳQ§ᙳS(Q+Q)/2=3.5X10m7sÄÅᡠ◤FT=V/Q§ᙳ=55.6h7.ᵨrÇfgᔣÉ»〈ᓫÇḄᱯឋ_`VWH=25-lX10V()ᱯឋ_`VW"Ê⊤qH=1O+1X1OVrËnQḄᓫm3/s,HḄᓫm஺³Ìr᝞ÍÎᔠÐÑÒᨬᜧÔ(ÕWÖ᝱Ø)ᑖ᪆$rÇᨵÜὶÝὶrÞÎᔠVßÜὶᓫÇḄ〈ᓽ()nḄàḄᜮᓫÇḄrá¸ÝὶḄᜮᓽᓫÇḄᜮᓫÇ〈()à〈Ḅkâ#$জÜὶIL=21110+1X10U2=2X(25-lX106Q2)Qe=0.436X102m7sঝÝὶQ=Q.7225-lX106XQ?=10+1X1O5(Qe/2)2Q,.=0.383X10%%à〈Qe=2Qe=0.765X10V/s

18ÝὶÎᔠ〈ᜧ8.çèᵨkÇéᦔᓫØëìíîïn|ð1250kg/m3Ḅ〈ᑮ⊤ñ1.28X106paḄᛞᑁï☢óᛞᐭî¦10m,()2¬Ḅàᜮᜫ2m,ôõö÷70mm,øW225mm,ëì½ᦪ2001/min,Ḅàᦔ᳛~ᦔ᳛0.90.95஺³Ḅú▭ᜮüý᳛஺#$éØᳮÿᙳQT=3ASn=3XJI/4X(0.07)2X0.025X200r=0.52m'/min▭Q=HQT=0.95X0.52=0.494m7minḄᜮII=AP/Pg+Au2/2g+SIL+Z'(//2g=0-(P/Pg+£Hr+Z=1.28X10V1250X9.81+2+10=116.38m01᳛N=HQP/102n=13.05Kw9.ᵨ789:;<=1200kg/m3Ḅ?@AABC〈ᑮBGHIABJBG?☢LMᙳ=ᜧO஺89Ḅ=5m3/h஺C〈RSTIBGJABḄ?☢U

19xyC〈ÀÁOÂ⌱ᵨ4-72-11þ£40࠷,´<=196PaTOḄ;

20=1-0.08[(34.32/9.80)=0.8843ᐭFO.85A஺=0.7516.,.᣸V*PQ20.39m7minU▭᳛Na=PiV„•K/(K-1)[(P/P),/<,-1)-1]mi21=50.19KwḄ᳛N=Na/na=50.19/0.7=71.7Kw13.ᵨ_`a20࠷Ḅ!c98.07X103kPaᑮ62.8X10‘Pa஺hijᓾᘤma〈ᑮᨬpq`Ḅ!jᓾᑮ20࠷,ᔜ`21s஺t$(1).ᙠᔜ`Ḅ,0vwxyz{ᦪ1s|}~ᔜ`2஺(2)_`ὑḄᳮ(ᢥwὃ⇋஺!ᢣᦪ1.4,41kg஺ᑖ᪆$`Ḅᳮ$q`᣸ᜐḄq`Ḅq`!Ḅq{Ḅ0.25#$পᔜ`Ḅ,0vwxyz{ᦪ1sḄ2x=(P/P,)"3=42Vi$V2$V3=Ai$A2$A3=16$4$1ফ20࠷IKg!Ḅ£V௃=mRT/MP=1X8.315X293/(29X98.07)=0.8566m3᪷©W=P,V,•iK/(K-1)•[(P/P,)(K-'>/iK-l]2=98.07X10X0.8566X3X1.4/0.4X(U)=428.7KJ

21°_±²ᑖ³´£᝱ᓄ1.᪵500g,¸ᑖᑖ᪆ᡠᵨ¸ºx¸»¼½¾¿⚪▬⊤h°qÃᑡ¸᪆pÅÆᔜº¸☢Ḅ⚩ÈÉᶇË¿⚪▬⊤h°_ᑡt⚩ÈÌḄÍᙳ஺¸º¸»¼½mmÉᶇ☢g¸º¸»¼½,mmÉᶇ☢g101.6510650.20860.0141.16820.01000.14730.0200.83340.01500.10415.0280.58980.02000.07410.0350.4171302700.0535.0480.295110ᐳ500#$ᐜ¸ᑖd,=(d10+d“)/2=1.4095,d2=(du+dzo)/2=1.084sᳮ34d3=0.711,di=0.503,ds=0.356,d=0.2526d=0.1775,d=0.1225,d=0.089,Ø=0.0635789᪷©⚩ÈÍᙳ2⊤☢ÙÚ1/d,=l/GÜGi/dÝᑮl/GÜGÞ/d=1/500(20/1.4095+40/1.084+80/0.711+130/0.503+110/0.356+60/0.252+30/0.1775+15/0.1255+10/0.089+5/0.0635)=2.899⚩ÈÍᙳ1ßËÍᙳ2⊤☢ᓽ⚩ÈÍᙳd=d“=1/2.899=0.3452.áâ2650kg/m3Ḅᳫäåæ⚩Èᙠ20࠷!hçᵫéêëcìᡲîìÙÚḄᨬᜧ⚩ÈxëcðñÙÚḄᨬò⚩È஺#(1)ëcìᡲîìÙÚóᨵᐵᦪ©ö÷Ýᑮ20࠷!ḄáâP=1.205Kg/m3,øâu=1.81ù10$Pa•s⌕ü⚩ÈëcìᡲîìÙÚýþÿRe<1ᓽRe=dihP/u(1,u'=/(PP)g/18uᵫᑮd3<18u7(P-P)Pgᨬᜧ⚩"#$=[18u7(P-P)Pg]1/3=[18X(1.81X10-5)7(2650-1.205)X9.81X1.205]1/3=0.573X10%=57.3um⌕1⚩"23456789:;103

22.•.ᨬB#$(U=0.001512m=1512um3.ᙠD☢FG40m2Ḅ◀JKᑁMᦈOPQḄᳫSTP⚩"஺OPḄᜐᳮXG3600m3/h,TPḄYZPs=3600kg/m3,[\ᩩ^_OPḄYZp=i.06kg/m3,`ZG3.4X10$Pas஺abᳮcdeᐰ◀gḄᨬB⚩"#$஺hi᪷klmnopqrstuZu,=V/bi=3600/40m/h=0.025m/ssᎷwOPxᜐᙠyxzᑣᢥiu=1(pp)g/18u}~pqd=18M/(P-P)g,uStᑮd=0.175X10"m᪶qRe=du,p/u(1,ᔠᎷwḄyxz.•.neᐰ◀gḄ⚩"ḄᨬB#$d=0.175X10,m=17.5ym4.tJK◀g᮱OQḄJ஺JᨬB"$G8nm,YZG4000kg/m3஺◀JK4.1m,1.8m,4.2m,OPZG427࠷,`ZG3.4Pas,YZG0.5kg/n)3஺BḄ᮱OXG2160᪗nf,atJKᑁ◞Ḅᦪ஺hiᎷwstᙠyxz8ᢥu,=d?P)g/18□pqᐸstuZu,=(8X106)2X(4000-0.5)X9.8/(18X3.4X1O'5)=41X10Ws᪶qRe=du,p/u<1,ᔠᎷwḄyxz᪗lmnoᣚqᡂ47࠷ḄlmnoV.=V(273+427)/273=5538.46m7hᵫVs=blui(n-1)n=Vs/blu-1=5538.46/(4.1X1.8X41X10^X3600)-1=50.814-1=49.8n=508Ah=H/(n+1)=4.2/51=0.0824m=82.4mm5.JOPQJ"ḄYZG2300kg/m3,OPxXGlOOO^/h,`ZG3.6X105Pa«sYZG0.674kg/n?,ᵨ᝞¢3-8ᡠ¤Ḅ᪗¥¦§ᑖ©ᘤ}~◀J஺ᑖ©ᘤᙊ¬#$G0.4m,aqᐸ®¯#$8ᑖᒘ"$±²t஺hi(1)®¯#$⌱ᵨ᪗¦§ᑖ©ᘤNe=5,&=8.0B=D/4,h=D/2ᵫVs=bhuiBh=D/4•D/2=V/sUi5=8V./D2᪷k&=[9uB/(nNePu)µ"pq⚩"Ḅ®¯#$d=[9X3.6X10X0.25X0.4/(3.14X5X2300X13.889)]1/2f=8.04X106m=8.04um(2)ᑖᒘ"$᪷kB஺=0.27[uD/u,(P-P)]1/2pq⚩"Ḅᑖᒘ"$·=0.27[3.6X105X0.4/(13.889X2300)]1/2=0.00573X10m=5.73um(3)±²t

23᪷kap=&•Pu஻2pq±²tAP=8.0X0.674X13.88972=520Pa6.§ᑖ©ᘤr»OPJXG0.7X10%g/᪗a?,OPxXG5000᪗nf/h,BᣓÀ_ᩭḄᮞJXG21.5kg஺r»OPQḄᮞJ"ZᑖÄᣓÀ_ᩭḄᮞJ"ZᑖÄÅÆÇᑡÉÊ⚪▬¢⊤Qi"$Ï0-55-1010-2020-3030-4040-50>50ᙠr»ᮞJQᡠᓰḄÒXᑖ᳛%16252920721ᙠᣓÀḄᮞJQᡠᓰḄÒXᑖ᳛᜜4.41126.62018.711.33abi(1)◀Jᦔ᳛(2)Örצ§ᑖ©ᘤḄ"Øᦔ᳛ÙÚ஺hir»OPQBmlḄᮞJXi0.7X103X5000=2.35Kg◀Jᦔ᳛iQo=21.5/(21.5+3.5)=0.86=86%pqrBßÏà⚩"Ḅ"Øᦔ᳛nri=21.5X4.4/(21.5X4.4+3.5X16)=62.8%n=21.5X11/(21.5X11+3.5X25)=73.0%P2n=21.5X26.6/(21.5X26.6+3.5X29)=84.93%P3nPW=86%nP5=94.26%nâ=97.2%np?=94.85%Ör"Øᦔ᳛ÙÚ᝞¢ᡠ¤7.ãKᵨᱏåæ☢FG0.1m3Ḅæçèéê⚩"ᙠëQḄìíî}~ïã8æçᑁðñòóG500mmHg,å⇋5minḄæî1L,÷åæ5minḄæî0.6L,øåæ5minæîùúᑖ᪆i⚪ᐵýþ⌕ᑮÿ◤⌕ᐙᑖᑭᵨᩩᑡপᵫV2+2VV.=KA20t5min+1L(lXlO3)2+2X103V„=KA2X5জlOmin+1.6L(1.6X103)2+2X1.6X10_3V=KA2X10ঝeᵫজঝ:;+ᑮV=0.7X10"'KA2=0.396eফ15ᑖBᎷD15ᑖB+V'V2+2V&=KA20'V,2+2X0.7X10V=5X0.396V'=2.073X103G5min+V=2.073X103-1.6X103=0.473X103m30.473L8.;KLM᪾OPQR⏚┛⚩VᙠXYḄ[\]^_`a+ᦪcᑡde⚪▬⊤Y☢j0.093m?,l(1)Omnj103.0kParḄsᦪK,q«v஺2)xḄOyᢣᦪs|(3)}~lᑏᙠOmnj196.2kParḄ஺

24পsᦪKv᪷cq'+2qq஺=K஺q=V/A,ᐭ⊤YḄᦪc(2.27/93)2+2q,X2.27/93=50Kজ(9.1/93)2+2qX9.1/93=660Kঝeᵫজঝ:+d=3.81X10'K=1.06X10-5Vq?=K0.Q.=q//K=0.929eফxḄOyᢣᦪsᳮᙠ4P=343.4Kparᵫᐭ⊤Yᦪc+(2.27/93)2+2q|X2.27/93=17.1K(3)(9.1/93)2+2qX9.1/93=233K(4)e+ᑮq,=3.1X10-3K=4.37X105ᑭᵨIgK=(1-s)IgAP+lg2k,QOmnj103.0Kpa343.4KparḄsᦪKQᦪn+lg(K/K)=(1-s)1g(AP/AP)/.I-s=0.8532,ᓽOyᢣᦪs=0.1468বᙠOmnj196.2Kparlg(K/K)=(1-s)lg(AP/AP")Alg(1.564/K)=0.8532Xlg(103/196.2"+K'=2.71X105q|=(q|+q|)/2=(3.81+3.1)X1072=3.5X103Vq2=K®9|=/K=3.5X1072.71X10-5e=0.452j(q+3.5X10")2=2.71X10'5(6+0.452)9.ᙠ_`Yᵨ0.162mḄKL᪾QCaCO,⚩VᙠXYḄ[\]^_`஺ᧇ¢£j19࠷,ᐸYCaOh§Ḅ¨©ᑖ᳛j0.0723஺a+«1m'x¬®Ḅ¨©j1602kg஺ᙠOmnj275800ParᡠḄᦪcᑡde⚪▬⊤1.84.27.511.215.420.526.733.441.048.857.767.277.388.7r°00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.8Vl±¨Ḅ²©V,.,xḄ³r,xḄµ◣᳛evx⚩VḄ³⊤☢஺஺CaC()3⚩VḄ·£j2930kg/m3,ᐸ¸¹:ºjᙊᳫ஺ᵫ(V+ᓃ)2=KA2(0+6J¿ᑖ+

252(V+V)dv=KA%0ed஺/dv=2V/KA2+2V/KA2eÂÃr°rḄd஺/dvV,Äᐸᦪcᑡ⊤᝞Æ\'0.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.8ÇO/Av1216.518.52125.23133.5383944.547.550.557Èd஺/dv-VḄÉÊ᝞Ë10.ᵨÌBMS50/810-25LM᪾OPÐ[\[\Y§¨©ᑖ᳛j0.139,§Ñ·£j2200kg/m3,ÑjX஺Ò1m3xYÓ500kgX,ᐸÔᐰj§Ñ஺ÖÈᩩÆḄsᦪK=2.72Xl()Tm/s,q=3.45X10m7m2«᪾ØÙj810mmX810mmX25mmᐳ38᪾஺l(1)Û᪾ᑁᐰÝᐙÞßᡠ◤Ḅr°vᡠ+Ḅ(2)àáᵨ0.8mâXãäxãär°஺ãX¢£v⊤OåḄÑ஺(1)᪾ᑁᐰÝᐙÞßx⊤☢A=(0.81)2X2X38=49.86m2᪾æNB=(0.81)2X0,025X38=0.6233m3In?ḄxYÓX:500/1000=0.5m3Ó§1-0.5=0.5m3§¨©0.5X2200=1100KgDèé1m'Ḅx:;+ᑮ01஺Kg(Vo,m3)ḄëU0.139=1100/(1100+50+m)m(,=6313KgḄ·£ᢥXḄ·£ὃ⇋Vo=0.314m3¸ᡂ0.6233m3Ḅxᓽ᪾ᐰÝᐙÞr+ᑮV=6.314X0.6233=3.935m3ᑣòórḄᓫõ☢©jq=V/A=3.935/49.86=0.07892m3/mVq2=K66=q,2/K=(3.45X10-3)2/2.72X10-5cOe=0.4376ᵫ(q+q0)2=K(0+÷)+ᡠ◤Ḅr°j6-(q+qj2/K-=(0.07892+0.00345)72.72X10-5-0.4376=249sফãär°V஺=qeXA=3.45X103X49.86=0.172ᵫ(dv/d0)w.=KA2/8(0+0)+eãäú᳛=2.72X105X(49.86)78X(3.935+0.172)=205X10-8ãär°j:0.8/205XIO-5=388s11.ᵨûPᜐᳮÐý[\ᐜ;ÿ20min,2m)ᓽᢝḄ40min,ᐳm'?!"#ᔂ%&'(ᐰ*+,-.ᐳ◤20min,0123஺56789:ᶍ஺<

2612.ᙠ3XlOTaḄGHIJKᙠLMḄNOPQRS,TḄUᦪK=5X105m/s,q=0.Olm'/m',]T^_`abv=0.08஺efᵨᨵ38i᪾ḄBMY50/810-25op᪾!ᜐᳮsᧇuvwx7yᡠᵨ5{|RSᵨḄ}~஺01᪾ᑁᐰ*ᐙ%ᡠ◤Ḅ29}|31/10ḄLPQv03"#ᔂ%&'(ᐰ*+,-.ᐳ◤15min,0"!Ḅ279"ᙳ8^஺<1᪾ᑁᐰ*ᐙ%^⊤☢`A=0.812X2X38=49.86m2᪾`V#=0.812X0.025X38=0.6233m3ᐳᑮ_`V=V/v=0.6233/0.08=7.79m3ᑣ¡¢Ḅᓫ¤☢`3¥q=V/A=7.79/49.86=0.156¦f£=q//K=0.012/5X10^=2sᵫq+52=K0+஺vᡠ◤Ḅ¥0=q+qj'/K-0«=0.156+0.0175X10-5-2=551sফ%=q„XA=0.01X49.86=0.4986ᵫdv/d஺v,=K஻/8஺+²᳛=5X10-6X49.8678X7.79+0.4986=187.46X105L_`:7.79/10=0.7790.779/187.46X10'5=416s2T=551+416+15X60=1867s27Q=3600Vs/T=3600X0.6233/1867=1.202m3/h13.·NOM¸}¹3ᑖ᳛¥9.3%,¸}»¼¥3000kg/m3,}¥L஺ᙠ¿o!MTsNOḄᱥᧇᱯឋUᦪkn.lXIO'n?satm,^ḄÅ◣᳛¥40ÇeÈᵨ¿GP5T.75oËÌÍÅ!PQ2s!ḄËÎÏÐ¥1.75m,Ѽ¥0.98m,☢`¥5nAÒÓÔ¼¥120°,Ë¥0.5r/min,-.Íż¥80.OkPa஺×Ø^Ù8ÚvÛ¹89:ᶍ஺0s!Ḅ27y^ܼ஺<ÝᡂḄ1mḄ^Mß}0.4m3¸}0.6m3à2In?Ḅ^89ᑮm஺vKgVo,m,Ḅvâlj0.093=0.6X3000/0.6X3000+0.4X103+m0mo=17154.84KgḄ»¼ᢥLḄ»¼ὃ⇋Vo=17.155in3ᵫK=2kAPUᦪK=2X1.IX10'X80.1/101.5

27=17.36X1(/5!"Ë¿ᕜḄ0=60v/n=60X120/0.5X360=40s•.•Û¹67:ᶍ=0,▲=0vËÌ"Ë¿ᕜᡠḄ_`êë=(KA20)1/2=(17.36X52X40)1/2=0.4167m327Q=nV=0.5X60X0.4167=12.51m7h"Ë¿ᕜᡠḄ^Ḅ_`V=0.4167/17.155=0.02429m3w^Ḅܼ8=V«/A=0.02429/5=0.00486m=4.86mm14.ᵨp᪾!ᙠឤG·îNOv᪾ïÑ¥0.65m,×T-.ᩩñGḄᨵᐵóᦪ¥:K=6X10V/s,qkO.OlnMn'஺^Ù⌕0vᐸö+,¥20min,⌕0!Ḅ27¥9m3/h,0(1)◤⌕÷i᪾n?(2)᪾ḄܼL஺<à⌕ᑮVn?Ḅ◤⌕Ḅ¥0,ᑣᵫ(V+VQ2=KA?(9+஺e)0=(V+VJ7KA2-0e=(V+q,A)7KA2-qj/Kp᪾!Ḅ27=3600V/(Q+Qu)=9AQ+Q“=400Vᓽ(V+q,A)7KA2-q2/K+20X60X9=400Ve(V+0.01A)76X105A2+10800=400Vজ☢`A=(0.65)2X2Xn=0.845nঝὶজঝ210V2+(3.55n-3.6n2)V+10.8n2=0ঞ.=(3.55n-3.6n2)2-4X210X10.8n20n227.44n=28ᓽ◤⌕28ᙽ!n=28"ᐭঞ$ᑮ&'()V=7.8.•.&+()7.8X0.1=0.78m3-&᪾Ḅ012Lᑣ(0.65)2XLX28=0.78/.L=0.066m=66mm15.6789:;Ḅ<ᓄᑺᵨ@237400kg,DE23.34m,Fᐭ-ᜓḄHI20.4m/s,H(K121.19kg/m\NᵨOP┵RSᑖUVWᑖUḄXY᳛஺\]16.^ᙳ`E20.3mmḄaᓄbᳫS⚩`ᙠᓫgᙊijkᓄDlmᘤoFpkᓄlm஺q(K1=1980kg/m\kᓄI1⚩`"rI1Ḅ78%,tW〉vḄkᓄI1wkᓄᦪ஺yzᢥ60࠷Ḅ}~Hᱥឋᦪ஺\]ᨵᐵᱥឋ60࠷,}~HḄK1P=1.06Kg/m3,1N=2.01X10-5

28Ḅ&}ᦪK=d[P(Ps-P)g/2u2]1/3=7.712.62

29=0.9+0.0007<1400+t)/22=1.39+0.00035t2FḄᦪA2=0.3+0.0003(t+t)/2)32=0.315+0.00015t2(ti-t)/(bi/X,)=(t~t)/(b/A)223220.00065t2?+1.5t-2009=025G<☢-.t=949࠷2•••ᔜ(ḄᦪA11.722w/(m»࠷)X=0.457w/(nr࠷)2᪷JK(+LMN᳛P"Q=(t,-t)/L(b,/SX,)Qq=Q/SnGḄRSq=1689W/m23.TUজ603mḄWXᵨ30mmZḄ[ᩈᒹ^ᐸ᜜aᵨ100mmḄb-ᮞᒹ^de(஺ghḄWX᜜L☢-.T10࠷,ijk᜜⊤-.10"C஺[ᩈQb-ᮞḄᦪᑖ%0.043Q0.07W/(nr࠷)omnopqḄrSsᜫ஺56WXḄ-.u(vwXxMrX᪷JK(ᙊzLMN᳛P"Q=(t{t.)/E(b/SL)ti=-110࠷,tn=t=10࠷3bi=0.03m,b2=0.1mA.=0.043w/(m*࠷),X=0.07w/(me࠷)Q=-25W4.|}X᜜ᒹ^ᨵ!(ᦪZ.Ḅ(᜜(Ḅ+ᙳTUᑁ(Ḅ!஺ᐸᦪᑁ(Ḅ!!(ᩞᧇᣚ0ᎷᐸᩩmopXqḄsᜫᦋKᙠ⚪xᩞᧇᒹ^ᙠᑁ(ᔠ〉56᪷J⚪£7ᑁ(ᦪᐭᑣ᜜(ᦪ2A,(Z.ᙳb,Ꮇ|}X⍝¦Ur,ᑣ!(᜜¦Uᑖ%ri=r+b,r=r+2b2§x(b-(¨ᦪ+ᙳ¦Um=(n-r)/ln(n/r)§x(b-(¨ᦪ+ᙳ¦U=ᡂ=(r-ri)/ln(r/ri)22r=2r«im2b/r=1.618,ri=1.0396n!(Ḅ¨ᦪ+ᙳ☢ª(ᢥ1niXq¬)S)=2nriL=2X3.14X1.039bX1=6.525bmmS=2n,^L=2X3.14X2X1.039bX1=13.05bm2rQ=(t-t)/S(bi/SXi)nBi=(tl-t)/{[b/(ᐭlSml)+b/(ᐭ2sm2)3=5.22ᐭi(t{t3)!(ᣚ¹Q'=(t{tn)/2(bi/Smiஹi)=(tl-t)/{[b/(XSml)+b/(ᐭ1s2)32o=4.35ᐭi(tf)Q/Q*½L2•ᦪᜧḄ¿Àᒹ^ᙠᑁ(஺

305.ᙠxTU6252.5mmḄ|}X⍝᜜ᒹ^•(ᦪ0.8W/(m{C)Ḅb-(஺b-(¦U50mm஺Xᑁ⛳Q|}-.130࠷,ᜧÅ-.30࠷஺mnb-(ḄÆ<¦U஺ᎷXLÇQ|}ȨÉÇÊdËᶍ஺b-(᜜L¨ᜧÅÍḄ¨ÉÎÏMᦪÊᢥ"¬Ð6a=9.4+0.052(tw-t)"#TaT----¨É-ÎÏMᦪtwxxb-(᜜L⊤☢-.஺Ct--------Ô᛻ᜧÅ-.஺CÖឋØÙX⍝Úb-Ûb-(¦Uᓫ0XqsᜫḄ஺5:ÝÇᵫ2ßᑖàᡂxáb-(ḄMǽáb-(᜜LâãÅḄ¨ÉMÇR,Ri=b/XSm=(rj-ri)/[XX2“L(kn)/In(m/n)=In(n/n)/2XitL----(1)R?=l/arSo=l/aT2nnL=l/[9.4+0.052(tw-t)X2nraL-----(2)ÝMQ=(T-t)/(R1+R2)=(tw-t)/R2(130-30)/(R1+R2)=(30)/R--------(3)2ᵫ(1)(2)(3)5Gtw=40.42࠷a=9.4+0.052(tw-t)=9.942Tr(6=ᐭ/ar=0.8/9.942=0.08047m=80.5mm>50mmQ==(tw-t)/R=325.29W2Úíb-(î,ᓽn=nQ'=(tw-t)/R,2a'=9.4+0.052(tw-t)=14.6TR'=1/aTSO=1/ar2nrL22AQ-=114.61W•••Úíb-îḄsᜫñòób-ôZ.õᜧsᜫõᜧ஺6.ᙠÖÉᣚᘤ#ᵨ÷rᓾù஺÷Ḅúûü-.ᑖ%15࠷,40࠷,ùḄúûü-.ᑖ%150࠷Q100࠷.gýBþÿ⌕Ḅ80࠷°C,ᎷḄᱥឋᣚᘤḄ!"#1m,&'ᣚᘤḄ!"()*+,-.⌕஺ᣚᘤḄ0ᜫ23ᶍ஺56᪷8⚪:ᑡᐵ=>6?():Ti=150࠷HT=100࠷2J?()6tF15࠷-t2=40࠷Oᙠ⌕6?()6T.=150࠷HT=80࠷2J?()6R15࠷-t=?2TU6Q=WC(L-T)=50WxCphhph2^WeCpc(t-t|)=25WCc2—K0S0Atmd*=(Ati-dt2)/In(At/dt2)=(135-60)/In(135/60)=92,49ᦋm6Q-=WC,(TI-T)=700WnCphhpl2=WCc(t1-ti)=(tj1-15)WcCpccP2—K0S0dtin.,.25/(V-15)=50/70t2'=50࠷

31Att=(Ati-Atz')/In(Ati/dtz')=69.81Q/Q*=KoSdtm/KoS'dtm'=LAtm/L'Atm'=50/70L,=1.85L=1.85m7.wxᵫᙠᓫ{ᝅᣚᘤRᕈ~Ḅᑖ#243࠷128࠷tᑖ#167࠷157ᢝḄ?ᦋ#⌮&'?ḄᙳḄ஺Ꮇᙠ?Ḅឋ=ᦪᙳᣚᘤḄ0ᜫ23ᶍ஺56⚪:6~6?(w)6=243࠷-%=167࠷J?(x)6஺=128࠷—t=157࠷2Q=WC(Z-T)=76WChph2hPh=WCpe(t-tl)=29W£pcc2=KoSodtmd᝞=(dtdt2)/In(dt/At2)=43ᦋ#⌮m6?(w)6TF243࠷HK=?J?(x)6¢=?-t[=128࠷¤ᳮ6Q-=WC(T,-Tf)=(243-L)WGhPh=WC°(t'-ti)=(t,-128)WCpe22v=KoSo'dtm'.*.29/(t,-128)=76/(243-T')J.Tz=578.45-2.62t,--------(1)222Atm'=[(243-t-)-(Tt-128)]/ln[(243-V)/(T/-128)]-------(2)2ªQ/Q=Atm/Atm-=29/(t,-128)---------(3)2ᵫ(1)(2)(3)5t,=161.4rCK=155.443࠷Atm=49.5࠷28.ᙠ¬ᑡᔜ!>ᣚᘤR®¯°ᙠ!ᑁ~ᵫ20࠷²ᑮ50࠷஺²´µᙠ¶·ᐸᑖ#100࠷60࠷,&☢ᔜḄᙳ஺(1)¶·!·ᙳ#ᓫ{Ḅᣚᘤ஺?#⌮஺(2)¶·!·ᑖ#ᓫ{º{Ḅᣚᘤ஺(3)¶·!·ᑖ#»{º{Ḅᣚᘤ஺56(1)?6T,=243࠷HT=60࠷2J?6t2=50࠷Hᓃ=128࠷At)=50࠷At=40࠷2.•.d%=(dt|-At)/In(Ati/At2)=44.8࠷2(2)¶·!·ᑖ#ᓫ{º{ᑣ◤ÀÁᙳ᪥Ã=ᦪW.ஹ,ᵫÅÆᩩÈÀÁWs,=0.891/.Atm'=WAtAtm=0.891X44.8=39.9࠷(3)ËÌWM=0.97dtnf=WA,dtm=0.97X44.8=43.5࠷9.ᙠ⌮ᣚᘤRᵨ#20࠷Ḅ1.25kg/sḄ°?(ÐÑ#1.9kJ/kg-࠷,Ó#850kg/m),ᵫ80࠷Jᓾᑮ30࠷஺ᣚᘤḄᑡ!ÕÖ#ᵫ252.5mm,×!·஺Ø°

32?ØḄÙ=ᦪᑖ#0.85W/(m2«࠷)1.70W/(m2»࠷)oÜÝÞ3ᶍ஺Ḅ,ßà50࠷,&ᣚᘤḄ☢á஺56?6=80࠷—T=30࠷2J?6t2=50࠷Hâ=20࠷AtF30࠷At=100࠷2Atn,=(dt|-At)/In(Ati/At2)=18.205࠷2Q=W,.Ch(T)-T)=1.9X103XI.25X50=118.75WP2ªQ=KoSoAtm,ᐸR1/Ko=do/ad+l/a஺5K°=0.486XAO.486X103X18.205S=118.75X1030t.So=13.4m310.ᙠᑡ!>ᣚᘤRᵨJJᓾ஺ᙠÕÖ#"192mmḄᑡ!ᑁ஺ÅÆ!ᑁØÙ=ᦪ#3490W/(m2-࠷),!᜜ØÙ=ᦪ#258W/(m2^O஺ᣚᘤᵨHéêm!ëØᙳᨵÜÝíᡂ,ØÜÝÞ#0.00026m2«࠷/W,ØÜÝÞ0.000176m2•࠷/Wo!ëï=ᦪᐭ#45W/(m-࠷),&6(1)ñà!᜜⊤☢Ḅ=ᦪt(2)óôÜÝmÞ(²ḄõᑖÐ஺5(1)1/Ko=do/aidi+1/a+Rido/di+Ro+bdo/ᐭd,„0Ss=19/(3490X15)+0.00026X19/15+0.000176+(0.002X19)/(45X16.9)+1/258AKo=208m2«࠷/W(2)óôÜÝm(²ḄÞ6do/aidi+Ro=19/(3490X15)+0.000176=0.00050533sóôÜÝùḄÞ6do/aidi+1/a+bdo/Xd,„=19/(3490X15)+(0.002X19)/(45X16.9)+1/2580=0.0043(²ḄõᑖÐ#60.00050533/0.00429=11.8%11.ᙠH☢á#50m2Ḅᓫ{ᑡ!>ᣚᘤRᵨJᓾ®¯°஺?ᕈ⌮஺JḄ#33000kg/h,ᵫ20࠷ᓣ38࠷஺¯°Ḅᵫ110࠷60࠷஺ᣚᘤûümᙠ?ḄḄJ(45࠷஺&ýÁᣚᘤûüùm☢ØḄÜÝÞ஺Ꮇ(1)?ᱥឋ2þ#ḄÐÑ2ÿ4.187kJ/(kg࠷)(2)ᢥᜐᳮaa஺ᑖ!";(3)%ᶍ'()(*ᜫ஺,-ᣚ/0-(12-3=110࠷—T=60࠷2912-t2=38࠷;ᱏ20࠷=t>72࠷At=40࠷2/.At=(Ati-At2)/In(=ti/=t2)=54.4࠷nQ=WCp(L-T)=50WChh2hph=WC(t-ti)=18WCpcCPC2c=KoSoAtm—54.4KosoRᐭᦪUVWXK°=254W/(m2»࠷)ᣚ/[--(12-T,=110࠷;T=60࠷2912-tz=38࠷;᝞=20࠷Ati=72࠷At=40࠷2At„=(=ti-At)/In(=ti/Atz)=54.4࠷2

33Q=WC(Ti-T)=(IOO-T2)WhCghph2=WCpc(t-ti)=25WCpcc2c`Ko'Sotm'.*.50/(100-T)=18/25-T=40.56࠷22JAt=(At/-At')/In(At//At1)=35࠷22Q==WCc(t-ti)=Ko,Sotm,cP2RᐭᦪUVWXKo'=548.3W/(m2«࠷).•.bcd()e:1/Ko-1/K஺=1/245-1/548.3=2.1X103m2*࠷/W12.ᙠ;ᓫiᑡ'ᣚ(ᘤlᵨ⛳opq(rᧇt஺uve160࠷⛳opᙠwi9x(᣸z{e⛳|2)rᧇtᙠ'i1}~ᵫ20࠷q(ᑮ106࠷,ᑡ'ᣚ(ᘤe-ᑡ'e(1)19X21™,'e,ᐳ25᪷'஺ᣚ(ᘤḄ(e125Kw,op9x(ᦪe7000W/(m2«࠷),tcd()e0.0005m2^C/W,'()opd()%ᶍ'ᑁt1(ᦪ஺ᨵḄ1q;{ᣚ(ᘤḄb(ᦪerᩭḄL75tḄzuv஺ᎷtḄᱥឋ¢£஺,-1/Ko=do/aidi+1/aj+R^do/di,K=Q/SotmoᐸlS=25X3.14X19X103X4=5.97At=(ti-t2)/In(Ati/At2)=90.27࠷m...■=125X103/(97X90.27)=232.1W/(m2«࠷)5¥,Xai=359.5W/(m2«࠷)ᦋ£1[-Ko'=1.75Ko=406.2W/(m%࠷)Q=2Q(t'-t.)/(t-ti)=125X103(,-20)/8622t2=t=[(T-t))-(T-ta')]/ln[(T-ti)/(T-ta')]=Q-/KoS¥,X3=99.2࠷13.90࠷Ḅ§¨⏣ᙠ⌮1ᣚ(ᘤl«9ᓾᑮ50࠷஺ᣚ(ᘤḄ(☢®e6m2,b(ᦪe230W/(m2-࠷)«§¨⏣Ḅ1e1930kg/h,9ᓾ¯°e18࠷Ḅ±஺-(1)9ᓾ±Ḅzuv(2)9ᓾ±Ḅ²ὑ¥n?/h⊤µ஺,-ᵫ(¶i·Q=K°SAt=WhCph(Ti-T)2¸⊤X70࠷Ḅ§¨⏣Ḅ¹(e3.06X103J/(kg*࠷)/.Q=1930/3600X3.06X103X(90-50)=65.5X103J/st.=Q/K0S=65.5X103/(230X6)=47.5࠷At.=(Ati-At)/lnAti/At=[(90-t)-(50-18)]/ln[(90-t)/(50-18)]2222ºXtz=22.VCᎷ»¼()*ᜫᓽ9±ᔾᦈ(§¨⏣Àz(!ÁQ=WCpc(t-t),C=4.183kJ/(kg࠷)c2PC65.5X103=4.183X103Wc(22.7-18)W=3.33kg/s.,.V=12m3/hc14.ᙠ⌮1ᣚ(ᘤlᵨ9t9ᓾ(t஺tḄ¹(Âᙳe1.68kJ/(kg࠷),(tḄ1e

343000kg/h,Ä100࠷9ᓾᑮ25࠷஺9tÄ20࠷q(ᑮ40࠷஺ÅÆb(ᦪK஺஺Ç(tuvT£ᓄ᝞-(tuvT,e1008060403025b(ᦪKo,W/(m2«࠷)355350340310230160ᣚ(ᘤḄ(☢®஺,-(t-100࠷f25࠷9t-40࠷f20࠷ᑖᢇVW-(12Ä100࠷f80࠷஺80࠷-60࠷,60࠷-40࠷,40࠷-30࠷,30࠷-*25࠷{Ḅ(Q”Qz,Q3,Q«,QsÏ(☢®ᵫSS3s4S25b(☢®S=Si+S+S+S+S2345912Ḅ1-ᵫWCp=T=W.CpeAtXW=11250kg/hhhcÄ100࠷—80࠷Ḅ(☢®3000X1.68X20=11250X1.68X(40-t,)-1,=34.6࠷At!/At=60/45.3<2/.At.F(A3+=t)=52.6࠷22Q!=3000/3600X1.68X103X20=28X103ÕKoÖ(355+350)=352.5W/(m2«࠷)Si=QMKoi=5=28X103/(352.5X52.6)=1.508"ᳮXS=2.1358S=3.8216S<=4.3351S=5.27923sAS-17m215.ᙠ;⌮1ᝅ'l9(12ÚÛ(Üᣚ஺12ḄÚzuvᑖet,=20࠷,ᓃ=85࠷,TF100࠷,T=70࠷Oß912Ḅ1q;{.12Ḅzuv(Ḅ£ᓄ2à஺Ꮇàb(ᦪáe!"ᣚ(ᘤ(*ᜫ%ᶍ஺,-(-T,=100࠷;T=70࠷9-t2=85࠷-ti=20࠷2(12À(Q/=WCp(T,-L)912ᔾ(Q%=KCã(t3tz)Ahhᵫ(Q=KoSAt..At„=[(T-t))-(T,-t)]/ln[(T-t.)/(T,-t)]2222=29.07࠷AQ=29.O7KoS9121q;[-(-Ti=100࠷—T'9-tz'-ti=20࠷2èKo,S¢£Q=Q*=t.7=tQ*=Q(t,+T--120)/29.071n[(T,-20)/(100-V)]ra222Q®-[(100-T/)/30]QìQí=[2(t1-20)/65]Q2.Q*=Q(t-+T--120)/29.071n[(T,-20)/(100-t)]2222=Q®-[(100-T/)/30]Q«=Q-=[2*20)/65]QîᵨºïXT1=59.8࠷t-=63.5࠷22.Q/Q*=30/(100-T-)=1.34216.ᵨðñᑖ᪆¶ïóô☢12õöᯠ1(ᦪaḄøᦪ¶i·஺ÅÆaeùᑡ£úᦪᓽa=f(X,c,P,u,Pg^t,1)P,(1)ᐜᑡzᔜᱥᳮḄðñ᝞⊤ᡠaXCppupBgAtIM/T93LM/T03L7TO2M/L2M/L0M/L2e2L(2)⌱4ᐳḄᱥᳮX,i,G,P(3)ᑖ᪆

35n]=i"XbCpcn'an2=i°ᐭ'CP8p"Pn=t'XJCk)i1p0gAt3Pg,#2,“3$%.,.M('L°T00°=La(LM/TO3)b(L2/T02)c(M/L0)d(M/T03)&'(La+b+2c-d=0&)Mb+d+1=0&*+9-3b-2c-d-3=0:&,(T-b-c-1=0-.a=l,b=T,c=0,d=0/.JIj=iX1a=Nun2=Cp//ᐭ=PrJI3=13P2BgAt/u2=Grᵫa=f(X,Cp,P,U,PBgAt,i).Nu=f(Gr,Pr)17.ᙠᝅ6ᣚ8ᘤ:;<=>Ḅ?ᙠ6ᑁ>A;,(B25࠷ᓣDᑮ75࠷,FG.ᑁ6?HḄ&>I8Jᦪ$2000W/(m2-C)஺MNOP>ḄQRSTUᣚ8ᘤḄᑁ6VW#8,XYZ*ᑁ6ᑁQH&>I8Jᦪ஺Ꮇ=\]^_`>Oᕈb>>A஺cd=ឋ,(`ᱥឋ᝞`P,kg/m3u,Pa*sc,kJ/(kg࠷)X,W/(m࠷)P?10000.54X104.170.65QR8105.IX1032.010.15-•.•?$hi(>Oa=(0.023X/di)(d,up/y)08(c„p/X)">O,(B25࠷ᓣᑮ75࠷jn=0.4Aa=258.47(diUp/u)08(diup/u)°k0.7879Q$Di(lO;mᵨopqrᛞᱯᐵὶwa-=(0.027X/d.>(d,up/p)08(cu/X)A;|⏚Ḅᙳ,($70࠷,ᑁ6᜜Ḅᙳ,($60࠷஺ᣚ8ᘤḄᑁ6$:25X2.5mm,᜜6$0)51X3mm,XY&>I8Ḅ8S஺-ᵫq=aAt&>I8Ḅ8S▬98%Ḅ|⏚ᨵᐵᱥឋᦪ=6.3X103Pa•s,C=1.465KJ/(Kg•࠷),X=W/(m•࠷)rᨌ=4A/b=(Z2-V)/(m+d)=(452-252)/(45+25)i0=20mmRe=&UP/U=0.02X0.7X1.836X103/6.3X1O-3=40802300<4080<10000.•.|⏚ᙠ6:T>

36ᐜᵨb>Ḅopqrᛞᱯᐵὶwa=0.027«N/dcARe°4pr"3Mᐸ:Pr=Ct>y/X=j᪥¦Jᦪজ=1-6X107Re18=0.81a'=0.81at=G-tw”&>8Sq=aAt=0.81a(t-t.0s20.,($90࠷ᵬ³~1500kg/hḄ>ST·6VW¸ᓾº30C஺·6$জ57X3.5mm,¼½¾$0.6m,XYᵬ³&·6Ḅ&>I8Jᦪ஺-ᨵᐵ¿ᧇḄᵬ³ᙠ60࠷*ḄᨵᐵᱥឋᦪU=0.375X103Pa«s,X=0.143W/(m»°O,P=830Kg/m,Cp=1.8376KJ/(Kg•࠷)Re=duP/u=dQ/Au=0.05X1500X4/(3600XatX0.052X0.4X103)=26539.3>IO1ÉÊb>ÌPr=Cpy/X=1.8376X0.375/0.1423=4.84a=0.023A/&XRe°-s«Pr":ᵬ³W¸ᓾ;jn=0.3a=0.023X(0.1423/0.05)X(26539.3)a8X(4.84)03=363.5W/(m2»࠷)ᵫÊ>Oᙠ¼6ᑁÐᑴ&ᐸI8JᦪÒᵫa=a(1+1.77di/r)ᩭa'=a(1+1.77di/r)=363.5X(1+1.77X0.05/0.6)=417.14W/(m2«࠷)21.ÕÖ,ᨨᵱᵱ᝕᝕Ḅ$120࠷ḄᵬÚ~10m/sḄᙳ(ᙠᑡ6ᣚ8ᘤḄ6+ÜÝᔣ>A஺ßàᣚ8ᘤ*ᵬÚḄ,($30࠷,ᣚ8ᘤ᜜áᑁ$190nm1,6âᵫ37᪷(M9X2mniḄä6åᡂ;XYᵬÚ&6çḄ&>I8Jᦪ஺22.èᑁ?éê⊤☢,(N;'(NíḄ\᪷ᙊ6;6ᑁSᨵ⛳r?ðñ஺\6ᙳWòóḄôᯠ&>ᡠ¸ᓾ;Ꮇ÷\6+%Nøùú஺cd<6$û<6Ḅüý;þ\6Ḅ(GrPr)ÿᙠ10'—UᜫḄ஺ᙠ᜜ᯠQ=aSAtᦣ☢)S=ndLᯠ-ᦪa=C•(Gr•Pr)"•X/i:⊤<ᙊ(Gr•Pr)ᙠ10'-IO,CᑁC=0.53,n=0.25Gr•Pr=i'P'BgAt/u'XCrn/X.Q=0.53XX(p2CrPgAt/uX)°-25Xd°-75LAt᪷ᙊPQRS⊤☢TQRUVWXᐭḄZ[ᐸ]^Q*/Q`=(dᜧ/d`)°b=3.3423.^d720kg/hḄgh⛳j[ᙠklḄᑡᣚᘤḄᑡ᜜pq஺ᣚᘤᑁᑡkrde25X2.5mm,Pd2m஺ᑡ᜜u☢TQd94࠷஺Zᢥpq⌕z{ᣚᘤḄᦪ(|ᑁ}~⌕)஺ᣚᘤᜫ~ᶍ஺

37:gh[ḄᨵᐵᱥឋᦪT=100࠷X=68.27X10'2W/(m-࠷)r=2258.4kJ/kgu=0.282X103Pa«sP=958kg/m3ᵫᓄ{᳛Q=wr=720/3600X2258.4X103=451.68X103᪷᳛Q=aS(t-t.)s☢)5=ஹ/<1(t-tw)SVRe=duP/y=dw/Au=36.139X103>1800<a=0.0077(p2gX3/u2)Rea4=16908.5.♦.S=45L68X103/[16908.5X(100-94)]=4.4522mn=s/ndoL=4.4522/(3.14X0.025X2)=28᪷24.ᑡᣚᘤḄ-ᦪᙠᣚᘤḄᑡᑁ᜜d⛳j[pq஺ᑡkrd25X2.5mmḄᡂ஺¢Ḅdhn/s£¤<᜜⊤☢)Ḅ-ᦪKod2115W/(m2«࠷)¥ᐸ¦ᩩ¨©ª,«Ḅªd1.5m/s,£K஺d2660W/[pq-ᦪ஺Ꮇ|®¯~ᶍ஺ᶍ®¯£L/Ko=do/aidi+1/ao+bdo/ᐭd.ᑁḄa(0.023X/di)(diUP/u)08(cpU/X)04=U°'X(0.023X/d.)(diP/u)08(CpU/X)°-ᦪda/a(u/u)±(1/1.5)a8=0.723---------(1):ᙠ55࠷Ḅ²-ᦪᐭ=50W/u¯dbdo/Adm=0.000055785.".1/2115=5/4aτ+l/a+0.000055785--------------(2)01/2660=5/4af+1/a+0.000055785--------------(3)0ᵫ³£a=14965.7W/(m2«࠷)25.´Ḅᜧµ]¶ᙠ·R¸d5mm,¹µḄºQd0.1,TQd350K»¹µḄºQd0.05,TQd300K஺¥¼½¹µ¾¿ÀZᐸºQªd0.025,{ᵫÁÂÃḄªᓄḄÄᑖ᳛஺Ꮇ|µ~ᶍ஺¾¿ÀÆÇÈÉᜫḄ^ᵫÊ4-111ËQI=CH2»PS[(T/100)-(T/100)']2•.•Ì⚪d´Ḅᜧᙽ•••G-2=Co/(1/ei+l/e2-1)=5.67/(1/0.1+1/0.05-1)=0.1955¾¿ÀÏCi-2-Co/(1/£1+1/£2—1)—0.096AQ/Q=(90.1955-0.096)/0.1955=50.9%H2

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