2019年江苏卷化学高考真题

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2019
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1B.Ö×⏚ᐹᨵ⏚ឋ,ᵨ¶◀ÚÛ┤

2c•S02ᐹᨵ®ᓄឋ,ᵨ¶ÝÞßàD•AI2O3ᐹᨵáឋ,ᵨ¶ᵯÔâãä4.åæ½,½ᑡᔜçèᙠᢣSéê¦ᜧᐳìḄcA.0.1molL"NaOHéêNa+ஹK+ஹCOp-AIOB.0.1molL"FeCl2éêK+>Mg2+ஹSOஹMnOqC.0.1molL"K2co3éêNa+-Ba2+ஹCíஹOHD.0.1molI/H2SO4éêK+ஹNH4ஹNC)3ஹHSOa5.½ᑡîïðgñᑮîïòḄḄcA.ᵨóLôõḄpHÝöéêḄpHB.44.0gNaOH÷U¶100mLøù¦,Lúûü,ýᑴ1.000molLJNaOHéêC.ᵨÿᵬAICI3ᑴAICI3D.ᵨ◀ᡠᑴḄSO26.ᑡᨵᐵᓄ!Ḅ"#$%Ḅ&A.Feᙠ()⏚+,-ᓄB.MnO23(4⏚!ᑴ5CI2C.SO2./0!,ᡂ(NH4)2SO3D.6Na.7802!ᑴ5Na2Q27.ᑡᢣ:!Ḅ;<=>?$%Ḅ&A.6ᵨ(NaOHᔾᦈCI2:CI2+2OH..........CIO+CI+H2OB.ᵨCD3NaOH!ᑴ5HEAI+2OHi…--AIO2+H2?2C.6ᵨ(HNO3FGECU+2NO3+2H+..............Cu2++2NOf+HO2D..............................................................-............................ᔣNa2SiO3IJ(4⏚ENa2SiO3+2H+.....................................................................................................HSiO3J+2Na+28.KᕜMNOᐗQX-Y-Z-WḄRr(Z)>r(Y)>r(X)

3B.ᵫXஹ_wᡂḄᓄᔠᱥ&;<ᓄᔠᱥC.ZḄᨬz{|ᓄᱥ}!ᓄᱥḄ⏚ឋWḄD.WḄᓫ8᝱ᓄᱥḄ:ឋXḄ9•ᙠ:ᩩYᑡ⌱⚗ᡠḄᱥeᓄᙳḄ&ᵯFFe(s)A.NaCI(aq)CI2(g)AFeCl2(s)B.MgClz(aq)ᮞMg(OH)2(s)ᛢMgO(s)C.S(s)jS0(g)H2O(I)HSO4(aq)32H(g)82(g)2D.'2(g)6ஹᓄᑺNH3(g)NaCKaq)Na2co3(S)10.D3ឋ¡Ḅ¢ᔠᱥᵨNaCI£¤¥Yn᝞ᡠY§¨Ḅᵯᓄῖ⇨஺ᑡᨵᐵ«Ḅrs$%Ḅ&HRII..M-A.¬|ᓄḄᵯ᩽!?®Fe-3eFe3+B.ῖ⇨/>ᓄᐰ°ᓄ®ᵯC.ឋ¡Ḅ±ᙠ²J³Ḅῖ⇨D.´µ¶NaCI
·+,ᔾ|ῖ⇨·:⚗⌱¸⚪Eº⚪ᒹ¼5½⚪Y¾½⚪4ᑖYᐳÁ20ᑖ஺¾½⚪ÂᨵpbᡈÄb⌱⚗Åᔠ⚪Æ஺Ç$%ÈᫀÂᒹ¼pb⌱⚗Y^⌱ÊY«½⚪Ë0ᑖÌÇ$%Èᫀᒹ¼Äb⌱⚗YÂ⌱pbÍ$%ḄË2ᑖY⌱ÄbÍÎ$%ḄËÏᑖYÐÂ⌕⌱┯pbY«½⚪ÓË0ᑖ஺11.8.|8,ᡂḄ!&Ô!ᵨḄÕ⌕⌶t஺ᑡᨵᐵrs$%Ḅ&A.p:6×Y!2H2(g)+O2(g)—2H20(g)Ø+§¨Y«!ḄAH<0B.|ÙᧇᵯÚḄÛ᩽!®O2+2H2O+4e40H-C.Ü6ÜY|ÙᧇᵯÚÝᵯ/>Þὑ11.2LH2,àᵯ<Ḅᦪá®6.02ᩡ23D.!2H2(g)+O2(g)-pppp2H20(g)ḄAHäå/?æçEAH=!éᡂêᐳ{ëḄëì3-!íîïᐳ{ëḄëì3

412•ᓄᔠᱥ_ᐹᨵᢙòஹÞóôᵨYäᵫXᑴË஺FᑡᨵᐵᓄᔠᱥXஹYḄrs$%Ḅ&A.1molXᨬ^.2molNaOH!B._.⏣+,öᓄ!äËᑮXC.XஹYᙳ.⏚ឋKMnO4!D.6Xஹ_ᑖø.ùBsJᡂḄúᱥᑖ<ûឋüR<ᦪáýþ13.6§¨ᑡY᪷
ᡠᑮḄḄ⌱⚗
AᔣX*+,-+.ᑴ0"12₩14,ᐭ67X*$%<ᨵFe2+KSCN189:⁐Bᔣ>?ᙳ90.05molAḄNai-NaCIBᔠ*+,KsP(Agl)>Ksp(AgCI)67AgNO31ᨵD⁐EFGᡂCᔣ3mLKI*+,-+I"12₩14+,1mLBr2ḄNᓄឋ&ᓃḄRFK1LM⁐DᵨpHTUVWCHaCOONaḄpHX9HN02ᵯZ[H+Ḅ\]&9,NaN02ḄpHX98CHsCOOHḄR14.-HCO3+H2O0H2cO3+OH.Ḅ⊝ᦪK=2.2XI08஺NH4HCO3!"ᢥ$%&^Bᔠ1_ᵨ`Iabc*ḄZn஺஺dBᔠefḄgh8ᓄ_iᶍ1nᑡᢣ%*qrᱥkḄ7>?ᐵmḄA.0.2molL_1!"WC(NHHO)>C(NH4)>C(OH)>C(H+)32B.0.2molI/NH4HCO3(pH>7)Wc(NH,)>c(HCOs)>c(H2co3Pc(NH3H2O)

5C.0.2molL-1!"0.2molI/NH4HCO3tghBᔠWc(NH,)+c(NH3H2(D)=c(H2cO3)+c(HCOs)+c(CO.)2D.0.6molL•!"0.2molL1NH4HCO3tghBᔠWc(NH3H2஺)+c(COs)+c(OH>0.3molL-1+c(H2co3)+c(H+)15.ᙠឤzஹNOO2Ḅf|>?$%Ḅᩩ~1ᓄn1V?NOᓄ9NO2Ḅᓄ᳛᝞*
ᡠ(*⊤ᩩ~NOḄ⊝ᓄ᳛?Ḅ8ᓄ)஺ᑡḄ°10020030044M)500600?/A.2N0(g)+02(g)---------2NO2(g)ḄAH>0B.*Xᡠᩩ~1n\NOᓄ᳛C.*ᡠᩩ~1,஺2Ḅ>?\NOᓄ᳛D.380C1CẬ(஺2)=5.0W4molL1,NO⊝ᓄ᳛950%1ᑣ⊝ᦪK>2000⌱⚪16.(12ᑖ)N2O-NONO2tNᓄᱥ¡¢£ᱥ
<ᨵNᓄᱥḄ¤¡◤ᜐᳮ¨©\᣸«஺(1)G஺Ḅᜐᳮ஺N2஺¬⏚G®*!ᓄNᓄḄ¯®ᱥ1ᵨᱯ±ᓄᑺ\³N2Oᑖ´஺NH3µ஺2ᙠ,¶ᓄᑺᵨGᡂN2OḄᓄ·¸¹º9▲஺(2)NONO2Ḅᜐᳮ஺¼◀¾NOḄ¬⏚2NO+NO2+2OH-------2NO+H2022NO2+2OH........NO2+NO3+H2OজᑡÄÅ\¤¡*NONO2Æ◀᳛Ḅᨵ▲(ÇÈÉ)஺A.,ÊËᐭ¤¡ḄÌ᳛B.Íᵨ¡ஹ⌮ÏḄ¸ºᔾᦈ¤¡

6C.ᔾᦈ¤¡Ð¹*%Ñ⊡,〉7NaOHঝᔾᦈ¨ḄÕ>ÖஹᨔஹÐØ1ᑮNaNOzᨔg1Ùᨔg*ḄÁ⌕ᩖk▲ÛÇᓄ·ºÜÝᔾᦈ¨᣸«Ḅ¤¡*<7ÞḄNᓄᱥ▲ÛÇᓄ·ºÜ஺Û3NOḄNᓄᔾᦈ஺ᵨNaCIOᔾNOᦈ¬⏚¤¡1_¤¡*NOḄ¾◀᳛஺ᐸàᩩ~1ᓄ9NO3Ḅᓄ᳛NaCIOá|pHÛᵨâã⏚ä⁚ÜḄ8ᓄ᝞ᡠ஺জᙠ⏚ឋNaCIO*1HCIONᓄNOGᡂCANO1ᐸZ渹º9▲஺3ঝNaCIOḄá|pHçè1NOᓄ᳛ç஺ᐸéê▲஺17.Û15ᑖÜᓄᔠᱥFᔠᡂ$±ᜩᯠíîᓄᔠᱥḄï⌕*g1ᐸᔠᡂð᝞:Û1A*

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3CNḄ*ᨵ¯®ᱥXÛᑖæº9Ci2Hi5O6BrGᡂ1ᑏ[XḄ᪀ùº:

8Û4CḄ$±ᑖú᪀gnûüᑡᩩ~1ᑏ[Ùᑖú᪀gḄ᪀ùºWজ\µFeCbýGL⁐Ýঝþឋ"´¨⏚ᓄ1<ÿḄᱥᑖᓄ᛻Ḅᦪ1:1஺
5:R⊤R'R"⊤ᡈCOOCH,YMCH3cH2cH20Hᧇᑴᜓ\/~'115Ḅᔠᡂ-./=gCH0123a4ᑺᨵ37ᑺ8ᵨᔠᡂ-./01:;<⚪⚪>஺18.
12ᑖ?ᔠ@⏚B[Fe2
OH6-2n
S0n]mCDᵨEFḄGᓄ஺HFeS஺47H2஺ᧇI7JஹLᓄஹF4J?ᔠMNOPᑴᜓ?ᔠ@⏚B஺
JQRSTḄFeSO47H2஺7EU@⏚
ᙠW70CXYᤅ[Y\᠒^ᐭRSTḄH2O27`
abcdRefghᑮjk⁐mn`o஺H2O2LᓄFe2+Ḅqr0s▲:FJ?ᔠcduvw7`ḄpH▲2xS?ᔠ@⏚B᪵zBḄ{Tᑖᦪ|}~`᝱᪵z3.000g,E250mL┵^ᐭ〉TU⏚^^TḄSnCl27`Sn2»Fe3+Fe2+ᐙᑖcd◀TḄSn2+»ᵨ5.000XI02molL-1K262O77`SS0CrO,Fe?*cdᡂC2Fe3+ὑ62஺77`22.00mL஺জ◀TḄSV᪵zBḄ{TᑖᦪḄxSQ▲¡¢ᜧ”ᡈ¢¥”ᡈ2¦§”஺ঝ©ª«᪵zBḄ{Tᑖᦪᑏ©ª0஺19.15ᑖ®H¯°±²³⌕µCaSO42H2஺µ¶TSiOஹAI2O3ஹFeOᧇᑴ·{CaCCh223

9(NH4)2SO4ᨔoᐸ/0᝞X:23*22CSO(1)®ÄXcdCaSO4(s)+CO3(aq)-XaCOa(s)+SO“aq)ÅᑮÆ⊝ᑣ7`ᔆRcCO3▲____EKs(CaSO4)=4.8W5,Ksp(CaCO3)=30Ê஺P(2)QÁFNH4HCO37`¼ᔠPᑴh(NH4)2CO37`
ᐸqr0s▲:˱²fᔣ(NH4)2CO37`^ᐭ¿TÀÁFḄḄÂ▲(3)±²Ëᙠ᝞1ᡠḄÍÎÏ஺ÐᑴcdÄÃᙠ60-70C,ᤅ[
cd3¥f஺ÄÃÑQuvwCaSO4ḄÒᓄ᳛XÔᐸÕÂA;×ᢝÄÃஹcdfgஹcdᱥ7ᑺḄT

10ÙÚÑCaS04Òᓄ᳛ḄÛÜᨵ▲(4)ݲFÞ-IàNᜐᳮhᑮᑴᜓ·{CaC03ᡠ◤ḄCaCl27`஺ä©HFÞḄݲᧇᑴCaCl27`Ḅrᫀ|R▲RæpH=5fFe(OH)3AI(OH)3çèéᐰëpH=8.5fAI(OH)3ìí7J஺îïðᵨḄ4ᑺ|⏚Ca(0H)஺220.(14ᑖ)C02Ḅñòᓄᑭᵨôᨵᦔö¶CO2᣸øᐙᑖᑭᵨùñò஺পCa஺PᙠûÑÄÃXᣓýCO2,ᙠþÑÄÃXQᣓýḄCO2ÿᑭᵨ஺CaC204H2஺ᑖᑴᜓCaO,CaC204H2஺ᓣḄᓄ஺জᑏ400~600Cᑁᑖ!"Ḅᓄ#$%&▲„ঝ*cac°3ᑖᑴᜓḄCaO+,-CaC204H20ᑖᑴᜓḄCaOᐹᨵ01ḄCO2ᣓ3ឋ5-ᐸ789▲o(2)ᵯ;<ᓄCO2=>CO2?@ᓄᑭᵨ஺ᵯCO2ᑴHCOOHḄ7ᳮBC᝞஺

11জᑏ▢᩽C02HCOO.Ḅᵯ᩽▲ঝᵯ!"#□᩽%ḄKHC03&'()*+#ᐸ-.▲(3)c°2/ᓄ12ᔠᡂ5ᵬ7.8C029ᓄ:;#ᐸ<=>?⌕ABCᑡ

12!"I:C02(g)+H2(g)A=CO(g)+H2O(g)AH=41.2kJ•mol'1!"n&2cO2(g)+6H2(g)A=CH3OCH3(g)+3H2O(g)AH=-122.5kJ•mol'1ᙠឤGஹCO2IH2ḄJKLMḄᩩO-CO2P⊝<ᓄ᳛IP⊝SCH3OCH3Ḅ⌱UឋVWḄᓄ᝞஺ᐸ&LtXli------------------------8060L40X—202(M)241)2X0120360ZWᓄ2cH30cH3ḄᱥḄ%X1CH3OCH3Ḅ⌱Uឋ=!"ḄCO2ḄᱥḄ°°জWab300C,CO2P⊝<ᓄ᳛VWᓣacdᓣḄ789▲Qঝ220CS-ᙠeᓄᑺgᵨCO2*H2!"LhSij-klCH30cH3Ḅ⌱Uឋm48%(Ao)஺qᦋ!"SiIW-LM5saCH30cH3⌱UឋḄtuᨵdQ21.(12ᑖ)ூ⌱w⚪௃z⚪ᒹ|AஹB}~⚪-⌱MᐸL~•⚪.-ᙠ+"Ḅ⚪ᑁg஺w-ᑣᢥA~⚪ᑖ஺A.ᱥ᪀*ឋCU2஺"ᵨb□5ᵯ⚞஺CuS04ஹNaOHIᢙ⊈⏚m7ᧇ-ᑴᜓCu?O஺(1)Cuঝ+᝱᪶᜜ᵯ᣸¢%m▲Q(2)SO2Ḅ£i᪀¤m▲(ᵨᦻ¦§¨)©Ci?+*OFT!"5ªᡂCu(OH)42-,CU(OH)4¬LḄ®7m▲(¯ᐗ±²³)஺(3)ᢙ⊈⏚Ḅᑖ᪀᝞1ᡠB-ᑖµ7Ḅ¶⍝ᩖᓄ¹¤mA
ºkᢙ⊈⏚ᙠ»Ḅ¼ឋ&▲(¯½¼b»”ᡈ᧕¼b»”)஺

13OH()஺;CHonHOஹOHbI(4)LÂClhOᨔÄ(2)-Cu7ḄᦪÆm▲B.=Çᓄ#Èᙽ⏚ᵬË(Ì(&L9LÍÎ⌕ḄᨵÐᓄÑ7ᧇ-Òom103~105C஺=ÇÓᑴᜓÔÈᙽ⏚ᵬËḄ!"mÕHsSQi................................................(J=(©—=ÇÖ×᝞&Ö×1:ᙠ!"Ø-ÙÚᐭ14gÈᙽ⏚ஹ50mLᵬ⏣I2mLÕÝ⏚
ᤅß-àáLhSi஺Ö×2&âḄᵬ⏣(ãä)஺Ö×3&!"åæᓾj-èéᵨ⛳INaCI¼åஹ5%Na2c03¼åஹ»ëì஺ᑖíᨵÐ+஺Ö×4:ᨵÐ+ïð»NazS04ñòஹóஹâô-lÈᙽ⏚ᵬË஺1ᜓL-.L/ÿI(1)
1ᐭᵬ⏣ḄḄ▲Q(2)
2ᡠḄᘤAḄ▲;ôùØᐭúûᱏḄÆḄ9▲(3)
3ᵨ5%Na2c03⌕◀"Ḅᱥ9▲:ᑖ%&ᨵ()Ḅ*+,A(4)
4./01ᵨ234Ḅ56▲஺ᓄ9:⚪<ὃ>ᫀ⌱A⚪(ᐳ40ᑖ)ᓫ⚗⌱U⚪&z⚪ᒹ|10~⚪-ö~⚪2ᑖᐳE20ᑖ஺1.C2,D3.B4.A5,D6,(F7.A8,B9.B10,CqM⚗⌱U⚪&z⚪ᒹ|5~⚪-ö~⚪4ᑖ-ᐳø20ᑖ஺

1411.A12.CD13.C14.BD15.BDE⌱A⚪Gᐳ80ᑖH16.
12ᑖHIᓄᑺ
12NH3+202N2O+3H2O
2ெজBCঝNaNChNO
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15ᑖH
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XHYZ[ZG2\]^_CH3CH2CH2OIICHUHiCHOমA18.(12ᑖ)(1)2Fe2*+H2(D2+2H2Fe3++2H2ObQজcᜧঝn(CsF)=5000W2mol-U1X22.00mL)-3L•mL'=1.100r-j3molᵫfg/6207TChiFW+TFe3+,᪷kᵯmnᜫpឤrnstḄᐵvwFCRO,~6Fe2t(ᡈCQOF+14H++6Fe2+A=6Fe3t+2Cr3++7H2O)

15ᑣn(Fe2+)=6z{஺|)=6>1.10010'3mol=6.600W3mol᪵~ᐗḄFm(Fe)=6.60013moi>56g•mol1=0.3696g—0.3696g᪵~ᐔḄᑖᦪFw(Fe)=M00%=12.32%3.000g19.(15ᑖ)(1)1.6>104(2)HCO+NH•H2Q-NH+CO+H2஺(ᡈHCO+NHV&0AANH+CO+H2O)33433343CdRSCaSdḄᓄ(3)S(NH4)2CO3ᑖᤅ᳛(4)ᙠᤅᔣ⏚ᑖᢇᐭ0ᑮ¡¢h£¤ᔣᑖᢇᐭ¥Ca(0H)2
ᵨpH:¦§pH¨pH©ª5-8.5/,20.(14ᑖ)(1ெজCaCO4400~60(TC2CaC03+C0fঝCaC204H2O4ᑖ¬&®Ḅ¡¯ᑴnḄCaO±²®³2(2´জC02+H++2eHCOCTᡈCO2+HCO3+2eஹHCOO+CO3ঝ□᩽h£஺2,pHbQHCO3RS¸¹|K+ºᑖ»¼½▢᩽¿(3)জ^_IḄAH>0^_nḄAHv0,SᓣÁCO2ᓄ,COḄÂ⊝ᓄ᳛ᓣÁCO2ᓄ,CH30cH3ḄÂ⊝ᓄ᳛¸ÄᓣÅSƸÅSঝᜧÇWÁᵨÈ^_nIᓄÉឋḄIᓄᑺ21.(12ᑖ)ூ⌱Ì⚪௃A.´ᱥÐ᪀ÒឋÓ(1)Ar3d9ᡈ1s22s22P63s23P63d9(2)ÔÕ☢¯O(3)sp3'sp2᧕ª2(4)4B.´ØÙᓄ9Ó(1)+,ᑺஹÚÛᙽ⏚Ḅᓄ᳛(2)(ÝÞ)ßàá■ãäå(3)Ûæ⏚ᑖ

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