2019年江苏卷化学高考真题

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2019
᪥ᐰὃᔁுᓄ⚗ὃ᪍ℳ!1."ᔁ#ᑖ%120ᑖ&ὃ'(%100ᑖ)஺ὃ+,-&./"ᔁ01⚪ᓱ456஺2.1⚪7&.89/:;<=ஹ?ὃ@Aᵨ05CDE⁐GHḄJKLMᑏᙠᔁP1⚪ᓱḄQRST஺3..᪶VWὃᕒᙠ1⚪ᓱYᡠ[\Ḅᩩ^ṹYḄ`=ஹ?ὃ@Aa"bcᔲef஺4.g1⌱i⚪&9jᵨklL/1⚪ᓱYVm⌱⚗Ḅn᪾p#ஹpEq᝞◤ᦋu&.ᵨvwxyz-&{⌱pᐸ}1ᫀ஺g1⌱i⚪&9jᵨ05CDE⁐GHḄJKLᙠ1⚪ᓱYḄᢣRSTg1&ᙠᐸ}STg1kᦔ஺5.᝞◤g&jᵨ2BlLஹᑏ&ᩩஹfAjEஹ஺ᵨᑮḄeVH1C12N14016Na23Mg24Al27S32Cl35.5K39Ca40Cr52Fe56Cu64Ag108I127⌱i⚪ᓫ⚗⌱i⚪q"⚪ᒹ10⚪&⚪ᑖ&ᐳ20ᑖ.⚪ᨵ⌱⚗fᔠ⚪.1.¡¢cb£ᡠ◤Ḅ¤⌕⃩§ᱥ஺©ªᑖ«¬Ḅᐗ¯cA.°B.²C.³D.´2.µmNH4Cl+NaNO2=NaCl+NT+2H2¶·¸¹º£&ᵨ»¼ᜩ¾¿ÀÁ஺Âᑡ⊤ŵm«eᐵ!ÇÈḄᓄᵨÉÊËḄcA.«ᦪ%18ḄÍ#C1B.MḄ+᪀ÏN=NC.Na+Ḅ+᪀ÅটÑÑÒ1D.%஺ḄᵯÏ110113.ÂᑡᨵᐵᱥḄឋaᵨ⌶ᐹᨵVmᐵØḄcA.NH$HC5Ù·᧕ᑖÛ&ᵨgᓄÜ%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺

1B.ÝÞ⏚ᐹᨵ⏚ឋ&ᵨ»◀áâ┤c.s஺,ᐹᨵ´ᓄឋ&ᵨ»åæçèD.A12ᐹᨵéឋ&ᵨ»ᵯÛêëì4.íîÂ&ÂᑡᔜðñᙠᢣRòó«ᜧᐳõḄcA.0.1molLTNaOHòóNa+ஹK+ஹCO,ஹA1O#B.OlmolL-iFeCbòóK\Mg"ஹSOஹMnO#C.O.lmolLTK2cO3òó:Na+ஹBa-ஹC÷ஹOH-D.(HmolLTHzSCUòóK+ஹNHஹNO#ஹHSO#5.Âᑡø◅úgûᑮøüýḄḄcA.ᵨþHÿḄpHḄpHB.4.0gNaOH100mLᑴ1.000molLNaOHC.ᵨᵬAICLᑴA1C13D.ᵨ◀!◅#ᡠᑴ%Ḅ&SO?6.'ᑡᨵᐵᓄ,-.Ḅ/012Ḅ3A.F456⏚89:ᓄB.Mn஺*>5?⏚-.ᑴ@CLC.SO?ABC-.9ᡂBNH5S6D.#E'NaAFG6-.ᑴ@NazCh7.'ᑡᢣJ-.ḄKLMNO12Ḅ3A.#E'ᵨ5NaOHPᔾᦈCbClJ4-2OH-=C1O-+C1-+HO2B.ᵨSTUNaOH-.ᑴ@&HzA1+2OH-=A1O#+WC.#E'ᵨ5HNO3XYZCu+2NO#+2H+=CU2++2N0T+H033D.ᔣNaiSiS\5?⏚ZNaSiO+2H+^=HSiOl+2Na+2333S.]ᕜ_`aᐗcXஹYஹZஹWḄeLfᦪhijᜧX3ᙢmnᨬpḄᐗcYeLḄᨬ᜜rᨵ:1tᵯLZḄᓫwᨔ3.ᵨᨬyzḄ{|ᩞᧇWAX`a஺'ᑡ12Ḅ3%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺2

2A.eL{ZB.ᵫXஹYᡂḄᓄᔠᱥ3LᓄᔠᱥC.ZḄᨬᓄᱥ.ᓄᱥḄ⏚ឋWḄD.WḄᓫG᝱ᓄᱥḄJឋXḄ9.ᙠJᩩ''ᑡ⌱⚗ᡠḄᱥwᓄᙳ!Ḅ3A.NaCl(aq)ᵯ.MCb(g)MFeClj(s)B.MgCl/aq)>Mg(QH)(s)>MQ(s)2gC.S(s)>S03(g)^0(1)>HSO(aq)24D-NXg)RSTᑴுNH3©KX,Na2cOKS)10.¡TU¢ឋ£Ḅ¤ᔠᱥᵨNaCl¥¦᝞¨ᡠ©ª¡Ḅᵯᓄ,ῖ⇨!஺'ᑡᨵᐵ®!¯Ḅ12Ḅ3A.¡°ᓄḄᵯ᩽-.O²FL3e--Fe3+B.¡ῖ⇨BNᓄ,ᐰ´ᓄ²ᵯC.¢ឋ£Ḅµᙠ¶·¡Ḅῖ⇨D.¸¹ºNaCl¡»89ᔾῖ⇨»J⚗⌱¼⚪Z¾⚪ᒹÀ5Á⚪ÂÁ⚪4ᑖᐳÅ20ᑖ஺ÂÁ⚪ÆᨵtᡈÈt⌱⚗Éᔠ⚪Ê஺Ë12ÌᫀÆᒹÀt⌱⚗p⌱W®Á⚪Î0ᑖÏË12ÌᫀᒹÀÈt⌱⚗Æ⌱tÐ12ḄÎ1ᑖ⌱ÈtÐÑ12ḄÎPᑖÒÆ⌕⌱┯t®Á⚪ÕÎ0ᑖ.11.×GAG9ᡂḄ-.3×Ø.ᵨḄÙ⌕⌶஺'ᑡᨵᐵ12Ḅ3A.JE'-.2H?(Ü+6(g)=2஺তÞ8©ª®-.Ḅ47<0B.×ßᧇᵯàḄá᩽-.²0+2H2O+4e-=4OH-C.âEâã'×ßᧇᵯàäᵯBNåὑ1L2L%,çᵯLḄᦪè²6.02x1®D.-.2HKg)+OXg)=2ᵨ஺টḄMêëB'OìíZ%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺3

3î=-.ðᡂñᐳòḄòóU--.õö÷ᐳòḄòóU12.ᓄᔠᱥYᐹᨵᢙúஹåûüᵨêᵫý!1Î஺0II'ᑡᨵᐵᓄᔠᱥXஹYḄ12Ḅ3A.1molᰦ
2molNaOHB.Y⏣ᓄᑮXC.XஹYᙳ
⏚ឋKMnCU'D.XஹYᑖBr?ᡂḄᱥᑖ!"#ឋ$%!ᦪ'()13.*+ᑡ-◅/᪷1-ṇ34567ᡠᑮḄ9:;<Ḅ=⌱⚗-@345679:AᔣB'"CDCEᑴGH/I₩/KᐭMRB"STUᨵFe>KSCN/NOP⁐BᔣWXᙳO005molLTḄNaiஹNaClYᔠ"CK£AgI)>ᓽAgCl)MAgN5/ᨵ[⁐\]ᡂCᔣ3mLKI_"CDC`H/I₩/KC1mLBdḄeᓄឋfbḄg]a/_bc⁐DᵨpHijklCHsCOONamḄpHnOHN5ᵯpqH+Ḅ
rf9,NaN5ḄpHnO8CH3C00HḄg14./HCO#+H2OfTH2cO3+OH-Ḅs⊝uᦪv=2.2x10/஺xNH4HCO3'5yHᢥSTf{Yᔠ/ᵨ|`}~"ḄO஺஺YᔠḄNᓄᶍ/ᑡᢣT_"ᱥḄWXᐵ;<Ḅ=A.0.2molLTyHlc(NHHO)>c(NH#)>c(OH")>c(H4)32B.02moiLTNH$HCO3(pH>7):c(NH#)>c(HCO#)>c(HCO)>c(NHHO)3332%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺4

4C.02moiL-1yH502moiL-iNH4HCO3m)Yᔠlc(NH#)+c(NHHO)=c(HCO)+c3223BH8#b+cBC஺-D.0.6molLTyH50.2molL'1NH4HC஺3)YᔠcBNH3H2஺+cBC0+cBOH-b=0.3molL+cBHCOb+CBH4^2315.ᙠឤஹNO50ḄWXSTḄᩩ/ᓄ(/kXN஺ᓄON஺?Ḅᓄ᳛᝞¢"-£ᡠ¤¥¢"¦£⊤¤(ᩩN஺Ḅs⊝ᓄ᳛¨XḄNᓄ஺ᑡ©ª;<Ḅ=100堂蜂80？60胖40O20N0100200300400500600X/¬A.2NO(g)+O2(g)=2N0?(g)ḄM>0B.¢"Xᡠ¤ᩩ/®¯
°±N஺ᓄ᳛C.¢"Yᡠ¤ᩩ/²5ḄWX
°±N஺ᓄ᳛D.380C.cB5b=5.Ox10TmolLT,N஺s⊝ᓄ᳛O50%,ᑣs⊝uᦪK>2000c⌱e⚪16.B12ᑖN*஺ஹNO5N5)¶eᓄᱥ=·¸¹ºᱥ/Uᨵ¶eᓄᱥḄ»¸◤ᜐᳮ¿À
᣸Â஺B1bNgḄᜐᳮ஺N8=Ã⏚"ÄᓄeᓄḄÅᱥ/ᵨᱯÇᓄᑺ
ÉNQᑖÊ஺NH35ᙠË5ᓄᑺ4ᵨᡂN2ḄᓄÌÍÎÏO▲஺B2bN஺5NO?Ḅᜐᳮ஺Ñ◀ÓN2ḄÃ⏚»¸ᵨNaOHᔾᦈ/Ö⌕ONO+NO+2OH-^=2NO#+HO:32NOJ+2OH-=N0#+NO#+HO2জᑡÙÚ
°±»¸"NO5NO?Ó◀᳛Ḅᨵ▲¥ÛÜÝ஺A.Þßᐭ»¸Ḅà᳛%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺5

5B.áᵨ¸ஹ_⌮ḄÍÏᔾᦈ»¸C.ᔾᦈ»¸ãÎ"Tä⊡〉NaOHঝᔾᦈ¿ḄèWéஹ9ᨔஹãë/ᑮNaNCbᨔ/ìᨔ"ḄÖ⌕ᩖ=—▲____(ÛᓄÌÏுᔾᦈ¿᣸ÂḄ»¸"Uò±Ḅ¶eᓄᱥ=S▲S(ÛᓄÌÏு஺(3)NOḄeᓄᔾᦈ஺ᵨNaCl஺ᔾᦈÃ⏚»¸/°±»¸"N஺ḄÓ◀᳛஺ᐸôᩩ(/NOᓄONO#Ḅᓄ᳛¨NaCl஺'õpH(ᵨö÷⏚ø⁚ுḄNᓄ᝞¢ᡠ¤஺জᙠᡂឋNaCl஺"/HC1஺eᓄN஺ᡂC1-5NO#,ᐸp!ÍÎÏOঝNaCl஺ḄõpHúû/N஺ᓄ᳛ú±஺ᐸ%ü=▲஺100史90榔3J80漆OZ706024681017.(15ᑖ)ᓄᔠᱥFᔠᡂᜩᯠᓄᔠᱥḄ⌕ᐸᔠᡂ᝞:(1)AḄ▲_"▲_஺<2)A-BḄ$%&—▲—஺(3)C-DḄ$%ᨵ)*ᱥX(ᑖ-.஺1/15஺01)3ᡂᑏ0XḄ5᪀7.8▲஺(4)CḄ:ᑖ;᪀:<=>ᑡᩩAᑏ0B:ᑖ;᪀Ḅ5᪀7.8▲஺জDFeCbEFG3H⁐$%:%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺6

6ঝKឋMNO⏚ᓄQRḄ*ᱥᑖ-S:ᓄTU᛻ḄWX-ᦪZ[1:1஺V(5)\]8MgI)R'"ஹR"Rஹ70H(R⊤`abR"R,R—Cl———►RMgCI.u,ஹ+~„cMd⏚2)HORR5⊤`ebᡈWgyuRHChCH#Ḅᔠᡂlᑏ0h"CH3cH2cHQHXᧇᑴᜓCH3mnocpqᑺ"ᨵpEᑺsᵨᔠᡂlmn`uvw⚪⚪yg஺18.B12ᑖgzᔠ{⏚|lFeXOHUMSJb}~ᵨMḄᓄ஺hFeS஺47HWXᧇENஹᓄஹMNzᔠᑴᜓzᔠ{⏚|஺B1bḄFeS஺47H2E{⏚ᙠ70Cᤅ᠒ᐭḄHR2EF$%<ᑮ⁐F஺ᓄFe^Ḅ-m.▲8MNzᔠ$%¡EFḄpH—▲oB2b¢zᔠ{⏚|᪵¤|Ḅ¥ᑖᦪ8¦§¨©᝱᪵¤3.000g,«250mL┵®ᐭ〉°⏚±²³´ḄSnCbEFBS1F+FepµXFepb,ᐙᑖ$%O◀¸´ḄSn/ᵨ5.000x1PmolL-1KQ?஺ᯠF²¹º»o²´m00#DFF$%3ᡂC*"Fe3+b,¼ὑᵨ5஺7EஹF22.00mLoজ¾¿ÀÁÂS◀¸´ḄSn%᪵¤|Ḅ¥ÃᑖᦪḄ¢5ÄoÅÆᜧ”ᡈÆ}”ᡈ"cÊË"g஺ঝÌÍB᪵¤|Ḅ¥ᑖᦪoᑏ0ÌÍ´mg.19.B15ᑖgÀÏÐhÑÒÓÔoÕ⌕CaSCU2HµÖSi஺?ஹA1O.Fe^OsbXᧇᑴ¨Ø¥CaCCh23"BNH/SO,ᨔᐸÀÏlmÚᔥ8}Üg2B஺3EFÓÔÝÞ►ߨ*´á►âÔ-------♦Ø¥Ca((஻äF--------oஹo”åg4ᨔcSO?~
(1)Ðæ$%CaSO4(s)+CO-(aq>2CaCOjBsb+SOBa0ç¹Uè⊝ᑣEFsஹt=—cBCOjb%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺7

7▲[r^CaSO)=4.8xIO-,%CaCO3)=3x1ëì஺4(2)íM"NH4HC5EFîᔠᑴ(NH5C5EFᐸ-m._A__#ߨÓÔ<,ᔣ(NH)2C5EFᐭ〉ÃñíMḄZḄ—▲_o4(3)ÓÔߨᙠ᝞nᡠ`Ḅó«ôõ஺öᑴ$%æ÷ᙠ60u70C,ᤅ$%3}<஺æ÷´ø¡CaSOḄùᓄ᳛ûᐸXü—▲_;
ᢝஹ$%<ஹ$%ᱥ"EᑺḄS4ýÀþÿCaSCU
ᓄ᳛Ḅᨵ▲஺(4)ᜐᳮᑮᑴᜓCaC஺◤ḄCaCl?஺!"Ḅ#$ᧇᑴ&CaCl'Ḅ(◅*ᫀ,-[/0pH=51Fe(OH)32Al(0H)3345ᐰ7pH=S.5BlAl(OH)3ff89஺(ṇ;<=>ᵨḄ@ᑺ,B⏚2Ca(OH)D20.(14ᑖ)C஺?ḄHIᓄᑭᵨKᨵᦔMNC5᣸PᐙᑖᑭᵨRHI஺(1)Ca஺Sᙠ᪥VWXᣓZCO”ᙠ[VWX\ᣓZḄCOᷯPᑭᵨ஺CaC#!஺4H2^ᑖ9SᑴᜓCaO,CaCQ4H9_^ᓣVab;cdḄefᓄgXh஺^m2修第*境宦雉三位备20040060080()1000vw/tজᑏn400u600Cpᑁᑖ9rsḄᓄt*bu,▲஺ঝwCaCO3^ᑖ9ᑴᜓḄCa஺xyCaCQ*H஺^ᑖ9ᑴᜓḄCa஺ᐹᨵ[{ḄC஺|}ZឋKᐸ$▲O(2)ᵯ9
ᓄCO?S(CO?HIᓄᑭᵨ஺ᵯ9CO?ᑴHCOOHḄ$ᳮh᝞X஺%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺8

8জᑏn▢᩽CO?$#HC0CTḄᵯ᩽rsu,▲஺ঝᵯ9-1□᩽ḄKHC஺3Wᐸ$▲஺(3)CO?ᓄ_ᔠᡂᵬ-CO?
ᓄ*ᐸab;⌕Xᑡrs,rsICO(g)+H(g)^=CO(g)+HO(g)=41.2kJ-mol-1322rsU2CO(g)+6H(g)^=CHOCH3(g)+3HO(&)•=-122.5kJ•mol-12232ᙠឤ¡ஹCO?2H?Ḅ£8¤-¥Ḅᩩ§XC஺¨⊝
ᓄ᳛2ª⊝1CH3OCH3Ḅ⌱¬ឋVWḄfᓄ᝞h஺ᐸ;,806044')20200240280320360vw/{2xCH30cH3ḄᱥḄ¤CH30cH3Ḅ⌱¬ឋ=rsḄCOᔣᱥḄ¤xlOO%জVWF300C.CChª⊝
ᓄ᳛±Wᓣ²³ᓣḄ$´▲஺ঝ220X?1ᙠᓄᑺᵨXCO?wH?rs-1µCH3OCH3Ḅ⌱¬ឋ#48%(h;A·)஺¸ᦋfrs12VW-¥KºCH3OCH3⌱¬ឋḄ»¼ᨵ_4__஺21.(12ᑖ)ூ⌱¾⚪௃Á⚪ᒹÃAஹBÄD⚪Å⌱¥ᐸ;-D⚪ÆᙠxsḄÇ⚪ÈᑁÇ.ʾ,ᑣᢥAD⚪Îᑖ.A.ÏᱥÐ᪀wឋÒCgOÓÔsᵨÕÖ□Kᵯ×⚞È஺"CuS5ஹNaOH2ᢙÚ⊈⏚#$ᧇSᑴᜓCuQ஺%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺9

9H=C—CO
CHஹ+HN
%34᝞67341ᙠ+,9:ᐭ14g<⏚ஹ50mLᵬ⏣>2mL/?⏚ᤅA:BCDEFG஺342HIJ*Ḅᵬ⏣KL6M஺343+,NOᓾQRSᵨ⛳>NaClVNஹ5%NsCO3VNஹWXY஺ᑖ[Iᨵ\஺344ᨵ\]^WNa2s6_`ஹJaஹHbc⏚ᵬd஺B1b341:ᐭJ*ᵬ⏣ḄḄ4_஺B2
342eᡠgḄKLhᘤAḄjk▲:Hbm9:ᐭnoᱏḄḄ—▲஺B3r343ᵨ5%Na£C>3VNXYs⌕◀uḄᱥw▲:ᑖ[Iᨵ\Ḅxyjk_%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺10

10▲oB4b344HbF{|ᵨW}:BḄ~__A__஺ᓄ⚪ὃᫀ⌱⚪(ᐳ40ᑖ)ᓫ⚗⌱⚪7⚪ᒹ10⚪⚪2ᑖᐳ20ᑖ.1.C2.D3.B4.A5.D6.C7.A8.B9.B10.C{⚗⌱⚪7⚪ᒹ5⚪⚪4ᑖᐳ20ᑖ.11.A12.CD13.C14.BD15.BD⌱⚪(ᐳ80ᑖ)16.(12ᑖ)ᓄᑺ(1)2NH+2ONO+3HO(2)জBCঝNaN5NO3222A(3)03HC10+2N0+H0=^3Cl-+2NO#+5H+2ঝVNpHVNHC1஺Ḅ/ᜧᓄN஺Ḅ|17.(15ᑖ)CHCH2cH0(5)18.(12ᑖ)(1)2Fe2++HO+2H+==2Fe3++2HO2J2(2)জᜧ)=5.000x10-2i.LTx22.00mLxl0-3L•niL-^1.100x1Q-Jmolmo%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺11

11ᵫ¢FCrQ-TCr3£¤F0+TF¥᪷§ᵯcᜫªឤ¬c®Ḅᐵ°±7Cr,0^~6Fe=+(ᡈCt,0#+i4H++6F0+=^6Fe34H-2Cr3++7HO)3³´i(Fe?µ=6஻(Cq0#)=6x1,i00xl(r3mol=6.600x1O_3mol᪵¸¹ᐗ»Ḅw*7),»(?e)=6.600x1(T3molx56g,mol-1=0.3696g0.3696g᪵¸¹ᐗ»Ḅw*ᑖᦪ7w(Fe)=...........x100%=12.32%23.UUUg19.(15ᑖ)(1)1.6X10+(2)HCO#+NH•H0=^NH+C0#-+H2஺(ᡈHC0#+NH3♦HO=SNH#+CO^-+H0)32252½:VNCO#-Ḅ/¾¿CaSQḄÀᓄ(3)ÁJÂ(NHsXCChᑖÃ:ᤅAÄ᳛(4)ᙠᤅA6ᔣÇ*ÈÉ⏚ᑖᢇ:ᐭ'aÌÍÎÏ{ᑮÑÒÓÔQJaᔣaÕᑖᢇ:ᐭ)*CaCOHh,ᵨpHÖ×*VNpH,ØpHÙÚ5~8,ÛJa20.(14ᑖ)(1)জCaCR40°~6~CaCCh+CO!ঝCaJCUÜ஺BᑖÃÝIÞßḄÑàᑴcḄCa஺Þ:áâßã(2)(DCO+H++2e-=HCOO-ogCO#HCO#+2e-=HCOO'+CO^2ঝ□᩽Ó42a,pHHCO#/æçèK+éᑖêëì▢᩽î(3+,IḄM>0,+,IIḄï<0,ÁᓣÂòC5ÀᓄC஺Ḅó⊝Àᓄ᳛eᓣòCO?ÀᓄCH3CICH3Ḅó⊝Àᓄ᳛6æõeᓣö÷J6æöঝ½ᜧøòᵨù+,IIᓄúឋÞÂḄᓄᑺ21.(12ᑖ)ூ⌱ý⚪௃A.ᱥwÿ᪀
ឋ(1)Ar
3d9ᡈIs22532P63s23P63d9(2)☢஺(3)sp3ஹsp2᧕(4)4B.ᓄ(1)ᑺஹ⏚Ḅᓄ᳛%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺12

122"#$"%&'■)*+3"-⏚ᑖ/4"-⏚ᵬ2Ḅ+34Ḅ%&'()*+,'-ᜧ/0஺13