2021-2022学年河北省秦皇岛市高一（上）期末化学试卷（附答案详解）

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2021-2022
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=2Cl~+Br2L⏚◀eZCaCgḄuCaCO+2H+=3C34Ca2++C0T+H022ᔣCaS/GH7Qᐭ
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4

5oᫀP᪆1.ூoᫀ௃AூP᪆௃P4µ¶·¸>!ᵫµ@ᐗ¶`ᡂḄVµᓫ%ᓄ0ឋ%»¼½ᱥᳮឋ%¿ÀÁᜧᦑA┯ÄÅB.5⊤☢Èᯠ¸ᡂḄ5┤ÊRËÌVÍÎᑁÐÑÒÓÔªᓄᡠÕÖᑴ×ØØ⌕?XḄtÚÛᡈtÜÝᜐᳮÞᐸ⊤☢ßàY᩽ↈḄªᓄᱥãäᑮæç~ᵨᦑBèéÅC.µê¶!%yᦪ»µyᦪVµḄVµ᪶¶3“eí"Heî9µê¶ᦑCèéÅD.ïðñòᘤḄNôõvwöôᰦøVᵨMÑÒõäòḄᡫñᦑDèéÅᦑ⌱A0A.µ¶·¸>!ᵫµ@ᐗ¶`ᡂḄVµᓫ%ÅB.Öᑴ×⊤☢ßàY᩽ↈḄªᓄᱥãäᑮæç■ªᓄ~ᵨÅC.µê¶!%yᦪ»µyᦪVµḄVµ᪶¶ÅD.ïðñòᘤḄNôõvwö஺ü⚪ὃþÿᱥḄᡂឋ⚪ᜧᐵẠḄ஺2.ூᫀ௃Bூ᪆௃"4#┡%#ᔠ'()'(ᩞᧇᦑA⌱.B.✏0ẓ23⌕ᩞᧇ%ᩈᩞ()ᔠ'ᩞᧇᦑB⌱.C.┶7■9:%#ᔠ'()'(ᩞᧇᦑC⌱.D.;<᮱ᵨ┱@A3⌕ᩞᧇ%┱()'(ᩞᧇᦑD⌱.ᦑ⌱"B«'(ᩞᧇᒹC'(ᓫᔠ'EFᑖ᪆஺H⚪ὃJKᱥḄᩞᧇᡂLM'(ᩞᧇᭆOᓽQ⚪ᜧ஺3.ூᫀ௃Aூ᪆௃"19RSTUVWXY⍝[\]^_`abXcde%abf;gḄQᑖᒘḄijᳫl"1897mUVWXYnopqrKᵯb1904m]^“ℍ⃔w☢ᒹy”Ḅab{᪀}~.1911mUVᱥᳮXYᓲnopḄXp]^K᪶Ḅab{᪀}~.1913mᱥᳮXY<[ᓲḄXpᐭb]^ᵯbᙠ⍝Ḅab{᪀}~.ᝍᙢᑭᱥᳮXY]^ᵯb}~᳛c%_`bXab}~.6⚓ᐳ15⚓

6ᦑab{᪀}~Ḅ¢£Ḅ¤¥%"⍝[\ab}~-nopab}~Tᓲab}~T¨[ab}~Tᵯb}~.ᦑ⌱"Ao19RSTUVWXY⍝[\]^_`abXcde%abf;gḄQᑖᒘḄijᳫl.1897mUVWXYnopqrKᵯb1904m]^“ℍ⃔w☢ᒹy”Ḅab{᪀}~.1911mUVᱥᳮXYᓲnopḄXp]^K᪶Ḅab{᪀}~.1913mᱥᳮXY<[ᓲḄXpᐭb]^ᵯbᙠ⍝Ḅab{᪀}~.ᝍᙢᑭᱥᳮXYV]^ᵯb}~᳛c%_`bXab}~஺H⚪3⌕ὃJKᓄX³ᜧ´µḄKᓄXḄq¶³ᨵᑭ)¸qXpX¹ᓄXḄᐶ»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ஺4.ூᫀ௃Cூ᪆௃"AC஺2ᑖbÅÆᨵÇÈÉÊËÌᐸ{᪀y%஺=஺=஺ᦑAÏÐ.B.Åbᦪ%20ḄÓabḄᦪ%17+20=37,ÖabQ×⊤Ù%37^,ᦑBÏÐ"C.ÛÜᑖbÅNabÞßᐳᵨ3àᵯbN᜜âãᑮ8e-æ{᪀ᐸᵯby%2N:,ᦑC┯è.D.S2-Ḅ᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ%16,᪶᜜ᵯbíᦪ%18,ᐸîb{᪀Ùï%ট%:ᦑDÏÐ.ᦑ⌱"CoA.òÊᓄÉ%ᐳóᓄᔠᱥᐸᑖbÅÆᨵÇÈÉÊËÌ.B.ᐗõö÷Ḅøù%ᦪᦪ=bᦪ+Åbᦪ.C.úᣵKNabḄ1àüᡂÌᵯbà.D.ýîbḄ᪶᜜ᵯbíᦪ%18,ᨬ᜜ÿ
8ᵯ᪀஺⚪ὃᓄᵨḄ⊤ᵯஹ᪀ஹ᪀!"#$%ᓄᵨḄ&ᑏ(ᑣ*+,ᐵ.⚪/012ᜧ஺5.ூ,ᫀ௃Dூ+᪆௃+;<=>?@ᵯᡠBᨵᓄ.DEᦑA2⌱IB.NaOH<=>?@ᵯᡠBᨵᓄ.DEᦑB2⌱IC.Nci2஺<=>?@STNa2஺+H0=2NaOH,ᡠBᨵᓄ.DEᦑC2⌱I2DCH3cH2஺”<=>YBᑖ[ᙠᡠB]ᨵᓄ.DEᦑD⌱Iᦑ⌱;Do<=>]ᨵᓄ.DE_$`ᱥb2c>STd2ᙠ>

7⚪ὃᓄ.ᵯ+bḄᵯஹᓄSTghὃ▅jஹᑖ᪆ஹᑨD"#lᔠnᵨop$%ᵯ+bᭆrஹᐗtᓄᔠᱥឋb!"#vw+⚪ᐵ.⚪/012ᜧ஺6.ூ,ᫀ௃Cூ+᪆௃+;4xᑴzᱥbḄ{|1ḄḄ<+1ᵨ᣸⛳c>ḄᦈᔠᳮᦑC%ID.<+NaOHT`¡f¢£2o¤¥ᙠ{¦f<+2ᔠᳮᦑD┯Iᦑ⌱;CoA.ᨬ~YT`⌱ᵨᜮIB.Y]ᨵᵨᴻIC.0<=⛳c>ID.2oᙠ{¦f<+§¨ᓄ©஺⚪ὃᓄª«ᫀḄ¬*®⚣ὃv°±ᱥbḄឋbஹP,ᑣ⏚ឋᜧ¹*;”32஺4>”703,ᦑA┯IB.·¸ឋ»¼½TḄᨬ®¨ᓄᱥḄ>ᓄᱥḄ¾ឋ»¼¾ឋ;KOH>Mg(0H)2,ᦑB%IC.ᵯ¿»À(Á»ᜧᐗtÃᵯopÄÅÆÇÈᐗt¶·¸ឋÄŶ·¸ឋ;Br>1,ᦑC%ID.¶·¸ឋ»¼½TḄ᝱§ᓄᱥḄឋ»¼¶·¸ឋ;F>0,ᑣ᝱§ᓄᱥḄឋ;H0ᓄᱥḄ⏚ឋ»¼IB.·¸ឋ»¼½TḄᨬ®¨ᓄᱥḄ>ᓄᱥḄ¾ឋ»¼IC.ᵯ¿»À(Á»ᜧᐗtÃᵯopÄÅÆÇÈᐗt¶·¸ឋÄÅID.¶·¸ឋ»¼½TḄ᝱§ᓄᱥḄឋ»¼஺⚪ὃÊËஹ᪀´ឋbᐵÌḄlᔠTᵨ⚪/01f!$%(᪀´ᐗtᕜÎÏḄᐵÌ*+,ᐵ.µÐÑÒ±ᐗtᕜÎÏᑁÔ⚪ÕÖ@ᮣØTᵨÙẠ"#Ḅop஺8.ூ,ᫀ௃BÛ8⚓ᐳ15⚓

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9]ºS»hᓄ¼kCᡠsXᡂḄC2ḄᑖᦪÀ}2MᦑD┯¢ypᦑ⌱dBoA.ÇÈN=/xÍ@ᔠÎÏÐjᑖ°±yB.╅ShqஹÑqkC╅¥Ò0ᓣ+E+2yC.ef®yD.»hᓄ┶S¶⏚kCS¹⏚]kC஺9⚪ὃ<×ᱥḄØÙÚÛÜÝᦪḄᨵᐵ°±[\]ᜧÞIßàḄáᵨᱥḄ@᪀ÏL⚪ᐵOVW⏚S»hᓄâkCḄᩩä஺11.ூMᫀ௃BDூL᪆௃Ld4K4(S04)2efS£ḄBa(0H)2efkCdAl3++2S0l-+2Ba2++40H~=2BaSOI+AIO2+2HO,íᔠᳮᦑA]⌱y42B.ïhᓄឋHr2>Fe3+,ᔣFeB%ef$øᐭùq:C%+2Fez+=2Fe3++2Cl~,í┯¢ᦑB⌱yC.⏚Sz⏚┛kCXᡂᓄ┛ஹ»hᓄzÎüàEdCaCO+2H+=3Ca2++C0t+H0,íᔠᳮᦑC]⌱y22D.oS|⏚efkCXᡂ|⏚opqphᓄüàEd2Na+2HO+Cu2+=WT+2Na++Cu(OH)l,í┯¢ᦑD⌱y222ᦑ⌱dBD஺A.phᓄ7Tÿ
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@ABḄC⚪DEFG456Ḅ8ᑏᑣIJ456KLᑨ;Mᵨ4OPQ2RᔲTQ2ᱥஹᡂᱥVᔲKJQ2ᔜᱥXYᑖVᔲKJ᝞Aᱥஹ\ᵯ^X@◤⌕aᶇᓄc6Q2Vᔲdᔠᓄc456@஺12.ூjᫀ௃Aூ^᪆௃^PoᐭC%<5.6LuvT஺2+2ᔆ=/2+2C{nয2)=d22.4L/m஺0.25mol,ᡂn(C)=0.5?noZ,*M(Cᔆ)=-0.5m஺/=IznoZ,*n(BL)=1.2mouḄn(/-)=0.5moᑣ*n(/-)=O.Smol+03mol=0.8mol,*CᔆஹBLஹᔆḄᱥXḄB@
ᱥXḄ<1molP1.2m஺PO.Qmol=5P6P4,vᨵAKJᦑ⌱PA=ឋ<ᔆுBk,ᵫ⊤ᦪoᐭC%<5.6LuvTC%+2ᔆ=+2C{10⚓ᐳ15⚓

10oᐭCL<1L2LuTCL+2ᔆ=+2CrஹCl+2Br-=Br+2CT,¡ᩭ^22j஺/⚪ὃ2ᓄḄ£¤<=⚣ὃ¥¦GឋḄ\ஹḄᐜ§¨©<^jḄᐵ«¬ᑖ᪆£¤R®Ḅὃ2DE⊤ᦪḄᵨ⚪¯AB°ᜧ஺13.ூjᫀ௃ADூ^᪆௃^P4XஹYஹZḄᨬ³ᓫ+ᓄᱥᑖµ<“2஺ஹMSஹNH3,XḄᨬ³ᓫ+ᓄᱥ”2஺¶ᡂḄ+«·¸¥ᨬ=ᦑAKJB.ᵯ¹ᦪº·»¼ºᜧ½ᕜ¿»¼ÀÁÂÃÄÅᐗdzᓫḄ»¼ᜧÃN3->02->Na+,ᓽY>Z>X>M,ᦑB┯LC.YḄᨬ=ÊᓄᱥË%ᓄᱥḄᓄc6⊤Ì<“2Í஺4,ᦑC┯LD.XஹYஹMᑖµ<0ஹSஹNaᐗÇ¡Îᡂ·Åᓄᔠᱥ᝞NC1HSO3ஹNaS0.23NCL2SO4ஹNaHS0,Na2s2O378ᦑDKJ4ᦑ⌱PAD஺XஹYஹZஹMVÄÅÏᕜ¿ÐÑᐗÇᐸXஹÍÓ
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11-2XLᦑᫀᱥᳮ22஺2஺2+2c஺2=2NaCO+02NnC+2CC---2N1CO,+O»232W2Xe-(3)234567ᡂ9:⏚<2⏚=<2⏚ᐹᨵ@Aឋ=CDEḄᨵ⁐GHIᐭKLḄ23M=NOPᑮḄRSTᨵ⁐GHUᡂV⁐=ᦑᫀᨵ⁐GHUᡂV⁐234567ᡂ9:⏚<2⏚,<2⏚ᐹᨵ@Aឋ(4)@AXY☄ᙠ\3M᧕U^=<2⏚┛`aᓄcஹ4567ᡂc⏚┛<2⏚=<2⏚ᑖf7ᡂ2ᓄga3=hᔣY☄ᙠ\3MḄ@AXMiᐭj:⏚=2ᓄ┛<2⏚┛567ᡂ23=56Ḅklm஺ᔆ+/0-+2"+=r27+“2஺=NuᦈwᑮḄ3x◀9ᢵ{ḄHC14}3᜜=NuᨵCO2ஹCl,2ᦑᫀ஺஺2ஹ2஺(1)xᐹᨵᦔ6=TxḄᱯឋ^=ᑖᦣ^ᱯTᑖᦣ^ᜧ(2)Ḅᯚ⁐⁐=UᓄlMVDᱥ^7ᡂ=ᱥᳮUᓄ=aᓄ`aᓄc567ᡂc⏚a3=aᓄMaᐗᓄᔠ-1ᓣᑮ஺=ᑮ-2=ᔠᵯឤᵨ᫑⊤ᵯḄᔣᦪ(3)234567ᡂ:⏚<2⏚=<2⏚ᐹᨵ@Aᵨ(4)@AXᡂᑖ2ᓄ┛ஹ<2⏚┛=U^¡<2⏚┛¢ᑖ`aᓄcஹ4567ᡂ9c⏚┛<2⏚=ᔣY☄ᙠ\3MḄ@AXMiᐭj:⏚=£c⏚┛567ᡂ`aᓄc3x=2ᓄ┛<2⏚┛{7¤M567ᡂ23஺⚪ὃ§9ᱥ^ឋ^6ᵨஹaᓄ¨56ᵯஹxឋ^©ª«¬=®ª«Ḅ¯°±²=⚪³´µᜧ஺15.ூᫀ௃43+ஹ+º02஺3+6H+=2Fe3++3HO1412NaOH+SiO=NaSiO+H2223½஺A⁐¾¿7ᡂ.¢ᑖᓄᮞÁ⁐=ᨬÃUÄ⋎⁐NazS/ஹNaAlOAlO223ூf᪆௃f(1)“⏚Ê”lM=iᐭÌḄÍÎ⏚ᐙᑖ56=56¡ÊÐMÑᨵḄ□k◀9Fe2+ᨵ43+ஹ:;Î⏚ÓaᓄÔஹ42஺3ஹMgO567ᡂÎ⏚Ô4=klmº02஺3+6H+=2Fe3++3H2஺=ᦑᫀ43+ஹ”+º62஺3+6H+=2,3++34஺ফFes2MSᐗḄᓄᔠÙ-1ᓣᑮ+6=2ÚS¨14Úᵯ=Fe3+1Úᵯ=ᑣ`ὅḄÝÌᦪÞß114,᪷áSឤNªSOkã☢ḄᓄåÝÌᦪ2,᪷áaឤNªæ஺ã☢ᓄåÝÌᦪ8,᪷áHឤNªH+ãᓄåÝÌᦪ16,ᑣ56ḄklmFeS?+14Fe3++8H0=15Fe2++2soe+16"+,2ᦑᫀ141(3)“êëA”Ḅí⌕ᡂᑖTSi஺?=Si஺?TðñòóḄ⏚ឋaᓄᱥ=ÓCO2ôõ=öNÓ÷ø56=Si஺2ÓNaOHÊÐ56Ḅᓄålmᡃ2NaOH+Si0=NaSiO+H0,2232ᦑᫀ2Na0H+Si0=NaSiO+H0;2232(4)Fe2+ÓOH-567ᡂFe(0H)2,Fe(0H)2µúû᧕üa3aᓄFe(0H)3=“aᓄ”ý12⚓=ᐳ15⚓

12ᑮḄᨵ⁐ᡂ.ᑖᓄᮞ⁐ᨬ⋎⁐!"ᐭḄNaOH$%&'ᑣ“*%B”+Ḅ$,◀.NaOH᜜,12ᨵNa2s஺4ஹ754/஺2,!"ᐭḄNaOH$%67ᡂᑖ89ᓄ:;89ᓄ<ᑣᑴ>Ḅ:+?2஺3)ᦑAᫀC⁐ᡂ.ᑖᓄᮞ⁐ᨬ⋎⁐DNCI2SO4ஹNaAlO;242஺3஺E⏚G+2H2஺3ஹSiO.42஺3ஹMgOIJE⏚$KL⌕◀N6O⏚PQḄ8஺2)2"ᐭFeS2R$%+ḄFe3+1SFe2+,T"89ᓄU;VWX⁚$%ḄpHḄ[\3.2.3.8,L⌕\]^_:`a_╅^_ᑮ:lmᑖ᪆oAp⚪஺r⚪ὃtᱥ,Ḅᑴᜓwᫀxyzὃ{|⚪};z⚣ὃὃtᔠQᵨஹ᪷lḄᱥ,Ḅឋ,ᑖ᪆ஹrwᫀxyᔠឋᱥ,ឋ,⚪Ḅ]ᵨ¡+I஺16.ூAᫀ௃¤^ᕜ¦¤@4§//-O-C/H!CI!¨஺9ᐗª«¬ឋ®¯ᐗªN02°☟²³´µ¶·⁐¸ᯚᙠ»¼ᨵ½¾¿W»ᑁ%☢Âᓣᨬ$%ÄÅᐙÇ¿W»NaClஹNaClOூK᪆௃KCᵫᑖ᪆XHஹÉNஹZ0ஹWNaஹRCl3(1)ᐗªRCl,ᙠᐗªᕜ¦⊤+ḄËÌC¤^ᕜ¦¤Í4§ᦑAᫀC¤^ᕜ¦¤oA§D(2)HC7஺ḄÎ᪀ÐÑH-O-CI,ᓄᔠᱥHC1ḄᵯÓÑH!Cl!-ᦑAᫀCH—O—Cl3HCCICD(3)ᐗª«¬ឋ0>N,ᦑᨬÐᓫ8ᓄᱥÕÖឋ×஺>N)33ᓄᔠᱥ+Nஹ0SÓᦪÙ®FT^—=2!1,ᦑÚᓄᔠᱥᑖÓÑN2஺14g/mol16g/mol<ᦑAᫀC”2஺D9ᐗª«¬ឋ®¯ᐗªDN0;2(4)Û'8WᙠÜÇÝWḄ¿W»+²³ḄC°☟²³´µ¶⁐¸ᯚᙠ»¼ᨵ½¾D²³ᱏßdµ²³àáâR¿W»᎔ᡷᙠ&'Ḅ³å$%+»ᑁWæ\ÝWஹÝᓄ8HC1ONaOH´+;PQÝWO89ᓄUPQᡂÝᓄUஹçÝ⏚U;è¾Ḅ\C¿W»ᑁ%☢Âᓣᨬ$%ÄÅᐙÇ¿W»ᡠ>$%+êᙠḄ$,◀.&'NaOH᜜12ᨵḄ\NaClஹNaClO,ᦑAᫀC°☟²³´µ¶⁐¸ᯚᙠ»¼ᨵ½¾D¿W»ᑁ%☢Âᓣᨬ$%ÄÅᐙÇ¿W»CNaCkNaClOoX\SÓëìᨬíḄᐗªᑣXHᐗªDZ\îè+,'ᑖᦪᨬᜧḄᐗªᑣZ0ᐗªDÉ{|ᓫ,V+ḄL⌕ᡂᑖÙðᑣÉNᐗªDWSÓ᪶ᑁᨵ11ò,ÓᑣWNa3RḄSÓ᪶᜜ᨵ3òᵯÓó{|ᓫ,WæᑣRC1஺r⚪ὃtÎ᪀ឋ,ËÌᐵõQᵨö÷ᐗª\K⚪Ḅᐵøùúûᐗªᓄᔠᱥ

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஺17.ூᫀ௃2MnO7+10CI-+16"+=5ClT+2Mn2++8%஺⛳◀2Ḅᓄ"ᩖ$3a஺-+2Fe3++10OH-=2FeO1~+3cr+8%஺■-./0123ឋ567⌼ᡂNazFe/Ḅ=ᜫ⌼ᡂ?᛻ABCDEFeO’GHᐹᨵKLᓄឋMᩔOPQ7ᙠSTUᡂḄ"LᓄVWXᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋM[ூ\᪆௃\^(1)abAdC%ḄfUab7g⏚ij═⏚l
XSTᑴᜓ7fUSTḄopqrs2"t஺u+10Cl-+16H+=5ClT+2Mn2++8HO,22ᦑᫀd^2Mn0f+IOC/-4-16W+=5ClT+2Mn2++8H0}22(2)~ᔠᑖ᪆M7abBaḄ2X⛳7ᐸᵨd◀Ḅᓄ"ᩖ$7ᦑᫀd^⛳}◀Ḅᓄ"ᩖ$}(3)ᐜᔣabCḄᐭḄC72ᑴᜓNaClO,Fe(NC»3)3127LᓄUjV⏚l7TḄopqrsd3aCT+2Fe3++100H-=2FeOl-+3cᔆ+8H2஺7ᦑᫀd^3c70-+2Fe3++10OH-=2FeOl-+3Cl-+8HO;2(4)ᔣabCᐭḄC%./7~ᔠᙠKOHg121\¢£¤7ᙠ⏚ឋᡈឋ12¦§7ᙠ3ឋ12£¦§¨3ឋ©K©¦§7ᦑª«./0123ឋ567⌼ᡂNa2¬0஺4Ḅ=ᜫ7ᦑᫀd^■-./0123ឋ567⌼ᡂNazFeO’Ḅ=ᜫ}(5)abD"Lᓄ¯12ᵨDᔾᦈ7±²abD,³⌼ᡂ?᛻AB7ᦑᫀd^⌼ᡂ?᛻AB}(6)abCST~´µ7.¶7ᯠµᔣ¶2ᐭ⛳KOH127¤¸᪆¹º¬0஺4ᨔX஺ᵫ½M¤¸1\¢º¬0஺4CDNazFeO¾ᦑᫀd^CD}(7)jV⏚lᐹᨵKLᓄឋ7ᙠ[.rMUᡂFe(0H)3WX7jV⏚lᵨᜐᳮᑺḄᳮᵫ&FeO4GHᐹᨵKLᓄឋMᩔOPQ7ᙠSTUᡂḄ"LᓄVWXᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋM[7ᦑᫀd^&Feo4GHᐹᨵKLᓄឋMᩔOPQ7ᙠSTUᡂḄ"LᓄVWXᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋM[஺ᵫ⚪ÅÆÇabÈM7abAg⏚ij═⏚l
XSTᑴᜓ7g⏚ᐹᨵᢵfឋ7ᑴÊḄËᨵḄᓄ"³Ì᡾ST7abBᨵḄ⛳ᓄ¯12ᵨD◀ᓄ"X7abCi./Ḅ"Lᓄl12ஹ"LᓄVSTᑴᜓjV⏚l7abD"Lᓄ¯12ᵨDᔾᦈ7■-ABÏ7нᑖ᪆ÑÒ⚪஺G⚪ὃÔᱥ$ḄᑴᜓÆÇqᫀÖ×7djὃØÙ⚪¾j⚣ὃÛ7ÜÝὃÔÞUßàᔠTᵨஹ᪷ÐÆÇâḄãᱥ$Ḅឋ$äåᑖ᪆ஹÆÇæGçèãÆÇqᫀÖ×è7é14⚓7ᐳ15⚓

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