线性代数_课后习题答案_邹庭荣_李仁所_张洪谦

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a100⚪1-1b101-1.ᑡᑡ(3)0-1c1ᵫ▤ᑡ00-1d361105a00r+.+bi.r%,.01aab+abed23-1b10r\+ar2-101b+bed3170-1c10-101+cd=3xOx7+6x5x3+lxlxl-lxOx3-3x5xl-6xlx700-1d00-1d=0+90+1-0-15-42=34.1aah+abed1aab+abed36110521r2-r3105=(-1)x(-I)-101+cd=-101+cd3
105=361=05-60-10-1d31731701-80a1+a஺+cd+abedn+/2..a1+ab+cd+abed105105-101+cd=(—1)x(—15-5,2-1d01-8=01-8=3.0-1d05-60034=l+ab+ad+cd+abed.(2)1111120112011201r2~r\1350015-1r3-r2015-101560156000714102012340033003311111111151234-"o23-4_-2o11231201解--二--C361oo36o134cq015-1IJI—21.4wo41o14003320o)II八10007

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2111…1111-1-100•0rn-rn-\r-\~rn-2122…2n011•-11-20...0r2Tl_n(n+1)123■■■3001•-1=111-302123•••n000•-1111.1n123n-1n=(T)2.213n—1nn-

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51II111=(b-a)(c-a)(d-a)(c-b)(d-b)abd(c+b)(c+a)(d+b)(d+a)(4)a2b2c2d2=(b-a)(c-a)(d-a)(c-b)(d-b)[(d+b)(d+Q)-(c+/?)(c+a)]a4c4=(h-a)(c-a)(d-a)(c-h)(d-h)^d2+ad+bd+ab-c2-ac-bc-aby=(b-a)(c-d)(d-a)(c-b)(d-b)(d-c)(a+b+c+d).=(b-a)(c-a)(d-a)(c-b)(d-b)^d2+ad+bd-c2-ac-bc^=(b-a)(c-a)(d-a)(c-b)(d-b)(d—c)(஺+6+c+d)=J.1111r4-a"r31111r3-ar21-5.ᑡabcdr2-ar\0b-ac-ad-aD=2222xy000abcd0b(b-a)c(c-a)d\d-a)a4b4c4d40\b2-a2)c2(c2-a2)d2(d2-a2)Oxy00b-ac-ad-aOOO%yh(b-a)c(c-a)d(d-a)y000xb2(b2-a2)c'2(c2-a2)rd-a2)xy0•••001110xy•••00=(b—a)(c-a)(d—a)bedTo“=••••••••••••••••••b2(b+a)c2(c+a)d2(d+a)000•••xyy00•••0x111=(b-a)(c-a)(d-a)b+ac+ad+aR஻=1SD[=x;b2(b+a)c2(c+a)Q(d+a)R஻22Sᢥ=1ᑡ>?11Xy0…0()r2-(b+a)i\Xy0…0-(b-a)(c-a)(d—a)0c-hd-b0X),...000Xy…00(,c2-b2)(c+a)(d2-b2)(d+a)D“==X000…Xyc-hd-b00.X=(h-a)(c-a)(d-a)y00…0X(c2-b2)(c+a)(d2-b2)(d+a)

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7a2(a+1)2(a+22)(a+3)2C2fa22a+12a+22a+3aa21஺222„q-q-A,b23+1)2(b+22X"3)2CLib22b+\2b+22b+3C(C+l)2(c+22)(c+3fc22c+l2c+22c+3an\a“2annd2(d+l)2(d+22)(d+3)2d22d+l2d+22d+3nᵨp⊤rᑡa22a+11I«21஺22•••a2nb22&+111஻31஺32…i”0.2Ḅt.c2c+l112d2d+l11an\%2anna\\a\2••1a

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96

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1222sinacos~acos2a1cosacos2aIl1sin2^ஹEQcos2y5”,00…0cos/?cos2/3=1cos2(3z=i4sin2ycos2ycos2/1cos2ycos27r\~r-----ri/q10…02n+l=2i/g01…01cosa-1~2ci1cos2^-1=0.1cos27-11/஺“00…1-)•Bl-5.ᑡ=q%…S211•••1Bl-7DEe-121■@-1ao-10•••00D„=-1-12••-1Q]X-1…00-2=axn+a\xn-+…+%-1-1-1-1•••2Qµ1-3(3).an-200…X-1Bl-6DEe%T00•••0X%11•••1QoT0•001%00a!x-100஻110a2•1•0=C…%(ᓽUV4"2…4,*0DH=2=••...,......ᢥ....=...஻ᑡ>?i=\aj•••••••••••••••%-200X-1100…an3°00Xg11…1a011@••1-10•••01a,0…01/a,10•••0x-1.0D„=(T)'"Z-1+·DH=10a2…0=%Ḅ…4l/a201•••0001100•••a.\/a„00•••1

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14'311-1ஹ'62-n2-11=61iI10ஹ8-14,’400ஹÚai2a

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17Dâ⌕ឋ.Ü¥A=L(8+E),ßA?=A,ᨵ^(/3T-2/3TaaT)(/3-2aaT/3)2I--1?=0'(3-A0'aa'(3+4"aa'aa’011-(5+£)=(6+E),=0rB-Aga0rB+Aga0rB\_2J2=ᖅIᾓᓽ(᮱+28+9=(6+£),ᦑᨵ|Aø=|Ý,Dæ.ᓄåB2=E.2-8.ìÎíîḄ▣A,DEeᐙᑖឋ.ᵫA=(8+E)(1)A+AÓìùé▣447Óúìùé▣B=2A-E,(2)A⊤rvBìùé▣ÝBúìùé▣ḄÝ.»B?=E,(ᐭ)D(1)ᵫ(A+A)'=Ar+(A1')1=A+A=A+ᡠ¾4+AÓìùé▣(2A-E)2=E,(A—)’=)'=-A=—(A—),ᡠ¾A-Óúìùé▣.ᓄåA?=A.DফA=y(>l+#)+-(A-Ar).Dæ.2-7.À4=E-2aaᐸèEÓ஻▤ᓫÉé▣aÓ஻ëᓫÉᑡᔣË.DE2-9.DEe᝞kA,8ïÓ஻▤ìùé▣ᑣABÓìùé▣Ḅᐙᑖâ⌕ᩩÿA3ᣚḄ.ìíîBnëᑡᔣË£,ïᨵ|4/|=ð.⌕ឋ.=A,B7=8,(46)'=48,ᨵDñA=E-2a(/,ᦑìíîBnëᑡᔣË£ᨵ,᜛=᜛-2aa%,(AB)=BA=AB,ôõᨵrᡠA8ᣚḄ.|AQÅ=(%,M=(/?-2aa/3,4-2aa£)ᐙᑖឋ.ᵫ4r=A,Br=8,,AB=BA,#=(-2a0r*(0-2a0r+(AB)'^BTAT=BAAB,

18ᡠAB$%&▣.ᵫv%…,a”஻.>ឋ?ᐵḄᔣBᡠ2-10.,A-.”▤$%&▣8-.1$%&▣2A8+6A-.1$%&▣.ᵫ“=4,5=-8,#"AB+BA'=6"8'+68A8'+A9="-BA+A"-B=-"BA+AB,ᡠA6+A4-.1$%&▣.2T1.,a”…,a”஻.>ឋ?ᐵḄᔣBa-ka+ka—+ka,H+1ii22nnᵫvwx…,yᐰJKLᡠ=0,8=1,…,i—+…,஻+1ᑣᔣBRᐸEᓰ,G,…ᡈᐰJKL.2᜜஺2,…4+1EOP஻.ᔣB>ឋ?ᐵ./,12,……|+]>ឋ?ᐵᦑ|,%+iEOP஻.ᔣB>ឋ?ᐵ•QᔣBRa1%…%+1EOT஻.ᔣBU஺2,…V-1/+1,…%+],,2-12.,ᔣBR|,%஺3>ឋ~ᐵᔣBR12,13&4>ឋ?ᐵᨵ-RYᦪ4/=1,…+…”+1[#618%ᔲᵫ&2>ឋ⊤2Ḅcdᡈ1./\+…+4T+4+i%+i+…+/.+«_=஺6*8628ᔲᵫ[2஺3>ឋ⊤2Ḅcdᡈ1.a=஻+1b>ឋ?ᐵcdᡂfg618ᵫ12஺3>ឋ⊤.>ឋ~ᐵᨵ-RJᐰKLaiH஻+1b,ha“+i=%%+k2a2-+----jk”2kᐭ6*8m#ḄYᦪ,[#ᓰ%+ᓰ஺2+%3a3=஺☢⌕2஺0ᓽ•/\+•--++o%+1+…+4+16ᓰ%+k2a2+…+k„a=O,n&]=0,ᑣ2,3JᐰK0,vᨵA2a2+A3a3=஺ᓽ஺2஺3>ឋ~ᐵ;᦮ᳮ#64+”+£8/+…+64-i+8a1-i+”+1ᓃ4+64+1+4,+ᑁ+i8au+i+…ᵫ஺2,4%>ឋ?ᐵᡠᐸᑖR%஺3>ឋ?ᐵ#Qᔜ+Q+L8%=஺ᓰ0,ᓽ%ᵫ%஺3>ឋ⊤-

19(2)Jᵫ>ឋ⊤.᝞«|=(l,0,0)r,a=(1,0,07,‘011-12ஹ‘1101-©2“02-2-2002-2-20=(0,1,0)ஹ«4=(0,0,17,¥ᯠ|,஺2஺3>ឋ~ᐵ%%>ឋ?ᐵ0-1-1110-1-111J101-1,ஹ011-12g§aJᵫ%,%>ឋ⊤.41101-1ஹP1012-13.¬jᑡ&▣Ḅ®rÁ+r3201-1-1001-1-10ஹ♦+3ஹ‘1-15--100-20100-20111-233)(1)0202;0003-181ᡠ&▣Ḅ´K4.ஹ13-97/2-14.ᑨ¸ᑡᔣBRᔲ>ឋ~ᐵg᝞¹>ឋ~ᐵ¬ᔣBRḄ-.᩽ᜧ/1-15-P'1-15-1ஹ>ឋ?ᐵR¼hᐸ½ᔣBᵨ¿.᩽ᜧ>ឋ?ᐵR⊤ᩭur2-r\3rl02-7411-23প%=(1,1,1)"=(1,2,3)Ã3=(1,3,6),gªஹ3-18102-74ᵨᡠÄḄ3.ᔣBÅKᑡ᪀⌼&▣\13-97?ஹ04-148,011ஹ-15-rA-=123©-ª«113302-74,ᡠ&▣Ḅ´K2.0000$&▣AÈÉÉÊËÌᣚuஹ0000,q1n(\11ஹry-r\-ri’011-12ஹA=123~~>012=B,6jI஺02-2-20302,(2)0-1-111&▣3Ḅ®3,ᡠᔣBR>ឋ?ᐵ.J101(2)%=(1,-1,2,4)7.=(0,3,1,21,%=(3,0,7,14)ᵨᡠÄḄ3.ᔣBÅKᑡ᪀⌼&▣

20/11111000ஹ'103ஹ-n-130r3-n00-2-2-1100A=ma,,aj=q-n2170-20-2-1010J214,0-2-20-100b$&▣AÈÉÉÊËÌᣚujl11110crz103rzl03-^30ேr2r30-20-2-1010T30o33r4o00-2-2-11002171110J0041-—1421ᨴ(00OJ"11111000ஹ1/4/4Õ103ஹ7/2Ú01011/20-1/2072nஹ00111/2-1/200ஹ஺0011/4-1/4-1/41/4,1^000J“1103/41/41/4-1/4"Ú-஽&▣BḄ®2,ᡠᔣBR>ឋ~ᐵᐸE,஺?ᐸ᩽ᜧ?ᐵRcr=3q+a.—01001/41/4-1/4-1/432ri-r»00101/4-1/41/4-1/42-15.ᑭᵨÊËÌᣚ¬ᑡ&▣Ḅ⌮&▣:ஹ00011/4-1/4-1/41/4,
\111AoooV4V41,1/4ooV4V41/40-/4r\-r2-ryV4/o1o411/4U-1-110oo1V4M/4-W111100011111'>11-1-10100AE=1±11T-11-11-100101ÜA"=4-1t1.-1-1J-1-110001T1t11>

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▣ZB3-10.]AM஻?X஻▤#▣XYZAX=AV,஺=",ᑣé=ê.714-21(1)-340.XAX=AY,ᡠ"A(Xê)=0,t5=”ᡠ"#$%313,'ᵫᱯÒ#$&xê)=஺pᨵq'ᓽx-y=஺ᡠ"x=y.2+1-42î⚪4|2£-A|=32-40=(2-l)(A-2(/L-3)=0,3-1A-3

52'b
▣4ḄᱯÒÓ4==2,4=3.+ÊᱯÒÓ4=1,'#$%(E-A)X=O,ᡠ"
▣4Ḅ+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=4ḄQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣbUẠ'W+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=3,'#$%(3E-4)X=஺ᓽᡠ"
▣A+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=1ḄQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣᡠ"
▣AḄ+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=4ḄQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣbUẠ'WAᨵ3TQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣ46

53bUẠ'Wᡠ"A"+øᓄ.Ïᡠ"
▣4Ḅ+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=1ḄQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣq21ஹP=©4g)=133,U34)ᑣP⌮ᨵJஹ+ÊᱯÒÓ&=4=0,'#$%P'AP=2.(0E-A)X=஺â3,(2)'ᵫᱯÒ#$2-45-2\AE-A\=-52+7-3=22(2-1)=0,bUẠ'W-692-4'b
▣AḄᱯÒÓ4=1,4=&=0.+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=1,'#$%ᡠ"
▣A+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=4=0ḄQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣ(E-A)X=஺ᓽ47

54Apᨵ2TQឋ&ᐵḄᱯÒᔣᡠ"A±+øᓄ.ᱯ4=-1,&'('7-126ஹ(-£-A)X=0,(3)10-1910.J2-2413,/\/ஹ'-812-6ஹ'ᵫᱯÒ#$-1018-10X]=02-712-6ஹ—12241ᔛA\AE-A\=-102+19-10=(2+1)(2-1)2=0,
Ạ-12242-13'b
▣4ḄᱯÒÓ=%=1,4=-1.+¡ÊᱯÒÓ4=4=1,'#$%ᡠ▣4ᱯ3=-1ḄឋᐵḄᱯᔣ(E-4)X=0,-612-6ஹ'ஹ'0ஹ-1020-10=0-122412,AÿAᨵ36ឋᐵḄᱯᔣᡠA78ᓄ,
Ạ2ஹf-r‘2-13ஹ1542=0P=(<4£)=105,[஺16)ᑣP7⌮@ᨵᡠ▣AḄᱯ4=4=1ḄឋᐵḄᱯᔣ3ஹ[2)1-1ஹP'AP=1.4=14=0.7஺ஹ1,48

554-5.ᑨBCᑡ▣EᔲGH▣:4-6.WGH▣P,XY1”[8\▣:'22-2'(1)A=25-4ஹ—2-45ᵫᱯ&'J4-2-22(,11ஹ2I----]_^=-2A-54=-U-10)(2-l)=0,2324A-5A=15=(%,4%)AḄᱯ4=10,4=4=1.4=io,&'(ᵫ(%,N)ᱏ0,ᡠAPEGH▣.(10E-A)X=஺'\_8_£ᓽ9~9~98-22ஹ]__4(2)---254X099247245J-99.eᱯ4=ioḄ16ᱯᔣU184](184ஹi=(1,2,—2),,999999'100'81481447=010=E,j஺᪗lᓄ999999447447ஹ°0bJ22ஹ7999J1999)…'3'1C"ᦑ4EGH▣.4=4=1,&'(49

56(E-4)X=஺'2-20ஹᓽ(2)A=-21-2ஹ0-20,ᵫᱯ&'2-1-101eᱯ4=4=1Ḅ•6᩽ᜧឋᐵᱯᔣ(-1A—110|z-{=("1)2(4-3)(4+1)=0,012-1-1$=s-2,1,0Y,a=s2,0uv10-12-1j⇿xGHᓄAḄᱯ4=4=1,4=3,2=-1,.4Ḅ=s12,1,0}~=s2,4,5}"4=4=1,&'((£—A)X=஺,j᪗lᓄᓽஹ0-101-10100010-1027510-10732eᱯ4=4=1ḄឋᐵḄᱯᔣP=(7%%)=3V(1,0u,0)"^=(0,1,0,1/2GHjᓫᓄ'1000ஹᑣpGH▣@ᨵp-%p=010,0)7,%=g=<00"4=3,&'(50

57(3E—A)X=0,J111ஹrߟ31ᓽJ'2-101᳝-121000012-10222J0-127J_022~2P=(7,%%%)=eᱯ4=3Ḅឋᐵᱯᔣ7202~2~2^3=(1,1,-1,-1/,V20\2~22)jᓫᓄ%O,1)7.12222ᑣPGH▣@ᨵP-'AP=34=—1,&'(-L(-E-A)X=0,4-7.ᵨGHᣚᓄCᑡ᪗l\¡ᓽ(1)f=2xj2+x-4x(x-4XX.223Ḅᦪ▣r2-20ஹA=-21-2,ஹ0-20,eᱯ2=-1Ḅឋᐵᱯᔣ4▣Ḅᱯ&'ᡈ(1,-1,-1u)"2-220¦§1^=22-12=(2-4)(2-1)(2+2)=0,jᓫᓄ02251

58ᦑAḄᱯ4=4,4=14=-2.j¨᪗lᓄ(21Y4=4,&'(஻2=3'33(4E-A)X=0,©=-2,&'((-2E-A)X=0,220ஹ᳝/'ᓽ2322=0ஹ°24,j22-3eᱯ4=4Ḅ16ᱯᔣஹ02஺=(2,-2u)"eᱯᔲ=-2Ḅ16ᱯᔣj஺᪗lᓄ&=(122)"j<᪗lᓄ,4=1,&'((E-A)X=O,Jᓽ2I1(-\20ஹ‘Xª(0ஹ3331§g§202=0lX3>ஹ°21,஺1__22ஹ3-33eᱯ4=IḄ16ᱯᔣᑣ¬GHᣚ=(2,1,-2)7,52

59<22r(Vஹ333x\__212X?—15%33122——1333Jeᱯ4=5Ḅ16ᱯᔣᓽ7j/ᓄ᪗l\®¯}=44+£-2$.5=s1,1,1,1}"(2)f=8XjX+2%jX+2XX-Sxx.342324j4᪗lᓄḄᦪ▣’0041ஹ_J111ஹT”=s5,5,5,5}•0014A=41003=-5,&'(J400,(-5E-A)X=0,▣Ḅᱯ&'ᓽ20-4-10/I-1-4|2E-A==(X—5)(4+5)(/1-3)(2+3)=0,-4-120-1-402ᦑAḄᱯ4=5,4=-5,4=3,A=-3.44=5,&'(^=(1,1-1,-1/,2(5E—A)X=஺j5᪗lᓄᓽ53

604=3,&'(j᪗lᓄ(3E-4)X=஺,112ᓽ222230-4-P'*ஹJ03-1-4X02(\111A-4-130302222-1-403H஺j_j__j__J_22-2-2eᱯ4=3Ḅ16ᱯᔣQ=(%%%%)=j__j_2._j_2-22-24=(1,-1,1,-1)"_j__j_]_<2~2~22;jὡ᪗lᓄᑣ¬GHᣚJ111.7j_J_j_ஹ%=(©1©©-)•22222222%1111y1X22222%¶j_j_%2-22-2111112222Jᓽ7jfᓄ᪗l\g(x%y3)=5y¡-5¸+3y-3y¡.(3)f=2xx+2XX-2X,X-2xx+2xx+2xx.t2(34233424Ḅᦪ▣=(1,-1,-1,1/,54

61011-pj஺,02,QGHᓄ10-1A=7=ᗟ,஺,஺}"©=¾-*",஺Y1-1C1[1110>4=-3,&'(▣Ḅᱯ&'(-3E-A)X=஺A-1-11ᓽII—1A1-1q=(f3.+3)=0,IA,-11-1-14ᦑAḄᱯ4=4=4=I,%=-3.4=4=4=1&'(eᱯ¿=-3Ḅ16ᱯᔣ(E-A)X=O,À=s1,-1,-1,1Yᓽj᪗lᓄJ11Ur774=Hw)♦2222J逐1eᱯ4=4=4=1ḄឋᐵḄᱯᔣV22一-62V22街஺=(11,0,0)\"1,0,1,0)\3=(-1஺஺1)1一1-62O஺=s7%%Ã}=庭1j4g243GHᓄ一--32111114=(1,1,0,0)T"<=(-,--,1,0)7T,^3l)7T,273]_0T2>55

62ᑣ¬GHᣚ’52-4ஹ4=21-2,ஹ-4-25,/Ḅ×6ØÙÚÛ.,52ττ1ªA,=|5|=5>0,A,=2=1>0,A=|A|=—>0>3ᡠ/EGÉḄ.ᓽ7jfᓄ᪗l\g(y,y,y)=Ä+£+y-3y¡.l23(2)f--5%12-6xf-4xj+4X,X+4xx.2]34-8.ÅÆ¡᝞ÈAGÉ▣ᑣAiÊEGÉ▣./Ḅᦪ▣ÆUAGÉ▣ᑣAEËÌ▣Í‘-522ஹভYÏÐY=4A=2-60,120-J4ᡠA-ÊEÌ▣.ÑAḄᱯ4,4[14,ᑣA-'Ḅᱯ!)[••/Ḅ×6ØÙÚÛ-52A,-|-5|——5<0,ஹ==26>0,&=|A|=—40<0,UAGÉ▣ᡠ%>(),ᦑ,>0,ÓÍÔATÊEGÉ▣.-2—64ᡠ/EÖÉḄ.4-9.ᑨÕCᑡEᔲGÉᡈÖÉ¡(3)/=X+14x+7x¡+6XX+4XjX-4xx+2xx.{342324(1)f-5x+x+5x¡+4x/,-8X/3-4X,X.3/Ḅᦪ▣/Ḅᦪ▣56

63’1032ஹᡠ/GÉḄ.01-21=3-2140(5)f=-2x¡-6%2ߟ4x+2XJX+2xx.2t32107,/Ḅᦪ▣/ḄÜ6ØÙÚÛ'-21Iஹ1034=1-60..10A.1=111=1>0,Ý2)==1>0,A3=01-2=1>0,A4=|A|=<ஹ10-4,013-214/Ḅ×6ØÙÚÛᡠ/EPÉḄ...-51A,=|-2|=-2<0,A,==11>0,A3==-38<0,1—6(4)f=x+3%2+9x+19x¡-2X,X+4XX-6XX.21324ᡠ/EÖÉḄ./Ḅᦪ▣4-10.WfḄX‘1-120ஹf(x,y,z,w)-t(x2+y2+z2)+2xy-2yz+2zx+vv-130-3=2090EGÉḄ.ஹ0-301,/Ḅᦪ▣/ḄÜ6ØÙÚÛ'fl10ஹ1r-10A=,1-121-1?0Ý]=|l|=lு0,A,==2>0,A3=-130=6>0,ஹ000"—13209/GÉḄᐙ⌕ᩩåEæḄÜ6ØÙÚÛçᜧèᓽA=I^=63>0,4

64’1100ஹA,=1/1=f>0,A,==r-1>0,111t1110A—,0111t11ஹ001"A=1t-1=(r+l)2(r-2)>0,A=|A|=(r+l)2(r-2)>0,34Ur(A)=4,ᡠñḄòë4.1-1tὶêPët>0⊡ᐙ⚪<ì-1>0,(r+l)2(r-2)>0B4-1.Ñ&▣Aö÷42=4,Æø¡AḄᱯùE0ᡈ1.ÆU&▣Aö÷4=4,ᓽA2—A=0,ᡠAḄᱯ4ö÷t>2,ᓽ/>2í/GÉ.42—4=0,ᓽ/1(/1-1)=0,ᡠAḄᱯ1=0ᡈ1=1.4-11.ᑏïCᑡḄ▣\ðWñḄò.B4-2.Æø¡ÌḄGH▣AḄᱯ1ᡈ-1.(1)f=xf+2x-2xj-4xtx2-4X2X3.ÆUAEGH▣ᡠAA7=ATA=E.úUAEÌ▣ᡠ/Ḅᦪ▣A=A.ᡠAö÷1=EᓽA2-E=0,⚟AḄᱯö÷û211=0,ᦑ41-2Ḅᱯ1ᡈ-1.A=-22-2’130ஹ,0-2o2,B4-3.Ñ&▣Aý&▣8=1-10þÿ
4Ḅᱯ.ஹ002,Ur(A)=2,ᡠñḄòë2.▣A▣8ᡠ▣A▣3ᨵḄᱯᡠ(2)/=X¡+x¡+2*஽+2%2¶+2¶X4.
▣BḄᱯᓽ.ᵫBḄᱯ!"#$/Ḅ&ᦪ(▣

65A,—1-304\XE-B\=-12+10=8%—2;282+2;=0,=(1).x=/ᑣ002-2)AḄᱯ4"A,=2,4==-2.ஹ'200ஹB4-4..A=001zB=y,
x,y.ஹ011-uA8ᡠ?ᯠXXBCD(▣.M=|B|EF6(A)=f"B)'HT=(E-2XXT^=ET-2(XXT^=E-2XXT=H,ᓽᡠ“CD(▣.-2=-2y2+x-2+y—1=(2)“CD(▣HXX=1,ᡠ)x=0,y=1.HHr=H'H=HH=8E-2XX7;8E-2XX‘;=E-4XXT+4XXTXXTB4-5..”=E—2XXJᐸNE஻▤ᓫR(▣X“SᑡᔣVH^E-4XXT+4X-l-XT=E,XTX=1,ᡠ"Z[(▣.W=XB4-6.᝞_UBab(▣ᑣ4=஺,஺BZd(▣.(1)஻CD(▣Y(2)”Z[(▣.=.஻ᐗ"#$/=XfAX,ᑣy=x"x=x'8uTu;x=জjঢᡝঢmঢ;,

66UBab(▣ᑣCnopqrᔣVX,sᨵux*o,MBab(▣ᑣCnopqrᔣVX,sᨵMXHO,ᓽCnopqrᔣV.ux=(%,v…xy70,yIJMX,ᵫ/BZd"#$/=(UX)T(UX)=aX+a"..+aY>O,g=(MX)Z(MX)>0,ᡠg=Xr(M,AM)XBZd"#$EF4MBZd(▣.ᡠ/BZd"#$ᓽAMU'UBZd(▣.B4-7.᝞_ABZd(▣ᑣ}ᙠab(▣U,4=஺,".B4-9.᝞_AZd(▣=ALA*sBZd(▣.=ABZd(▣ᑣ}ᙠab(▣5,AᔠE,ᓽ=AZd(▣EFABD(▣ᓽA'=A,ᑣᡠ(A-y=(M)T=A",BrAB=(Bry'EB-'=(B-'),(A*)=W)*=A*,B-'=U,ᑣ4=UU,ᐸNUab.ᦑALA*sBCD(▣.B4-8..Mab(▣4CD(▣.=X᝞_AZd(▣ᑣM'AM.AḄᱯ4,i=1,2,…,஻ᑣBZd(▣.AiḄᱯ—,i=1,2,…,"A*Ḅᱯ,i=1,2,…,஻=Mab(▣ACD(▣ᑣ44(MTAM^=MTArM=MTAM,AZd(▣ᡠ4>0"=1,2,…,஻H|A|>0,EFᓽM7AMBCD(▣.]IA|—ு0,i=1,2,…”—>0,i=l,2,…஻᝞_AZd(▣ᑣ"#$/=X'AXCopqrᔣVX,ᨵ44f=XTAX>0,ᡠALA*sBZd(▣.ὃ⇋"#$B4-10..஻▤CD(▣AZdḄ,஻2,…,aop஻qrḄᦪ,g^XT(MTAM)X^XTMTAMX=(MX)A(MX),

67ᑣᓽ5=8%;”“BZdḄ.=AB஻▤CD(▣ᡠ=ᑣ4ᵯ=%HᓽB="”“BCD(▣.AZd(▣ᑣCopqrᔣVX,ᨵ")ᱯᔣV஺=8´1,1,0,…,0;"J2=T0Lஹ0'ߟC;=8-to,o,-,Dr.#$/=XAX>0.Cᱯ4,=n,!³5E-J;X=O.ᔣV8ᑁ,஽,…,x”;H஺F2,…2op஻qrḄᦪᡠCnᔣVX=84X¡%2,…஺ᨵ/=X3X=Z£9;x/j>0,ᓽ"#$Zd"#$ᡠ8=8%஻;…BZdḄ.)ᱯᔣV¸=81,1¹,…,1;7.B4-11..JB⊤¥ᐗ¦ᐰ1Ḅ”▤▣./8x;=ax+bB&ᦪ©⚗«,FA=/8J;,/Ḅᱯ2,EFAḄᱯ/8/l;=a/l+6,ᓽ¬A=/";,
AḄᐰᱯ®ᱯᔣV.4=4=…=h=4x0+/?=»Z=an+b>nᵫJḄᱯ!A—1-1•••--1ᡠAḄC¼nᱯ4=½-41=6ḄᱯᔣV஺=8—1,1,0,…,0;,-12-1•••—]\ZE-J\==±—(2—஻)=0,¾=8´1,o,1,…,0;7…=8-1,0,0,…,1;7AḄC¼nᱯ4,=an+bḄ-1-1-12-1ᱯᔣV¿=81,1,1,…,1À.ᦑJḄᱯ4=4=•1•=4_|=0,4=n.B4-12..A3▤▣81;AB=XA3ᨵḄᱯ:Cᱯ4=---=4_=0,!³8OE-J;X=஺|

6882;ÂÃÄÅÆÇ⚪Ḅ⌮Ç⚪ᡂËYA(A+aE)—ciA.+2A+3E—0,83;A8ᙳCD(▣ᑣ81;Ḅ⌮Ç⚪ᡂË.ᓽ=81;A8ᑣ}ᙠ⌮(▣P,ᨵÀ´ÎÀ=6,ᡠA(A+aE)+(2-q)A+3E=0,᦮ᳮ)|2E—=\ZE-P-'AP\=\P-'AEP-P-'AP\^\P-\AE-A;P|A(A+aE)+(2-a)(A+aE)—(2-a)aE+3E=0=\P-'\\AE-A\\P\=\AE-A\,[A+(2—q)ᵨ(4+aE)—(2—q)a£+3E=0ᓽABᨵḄᱯ©⚗«EFᨵḄᱯ.810ஹ"10^[A+(2-a)E](A+aE)=(-a2+2a-3)E82;Ã᝞4=,6=,A6ᨵḄᱯÐ4BUUI஺1JCopᦪa,—/+2a—3/0,ᡠ3Ḅ(▣ᨵ8ÑÒ.A+(2-a)E=83;ABᙳCD(▣HᨵḄᱯÓ,4,…ᑣA---z--------(A+aE)=E,a2-2a+3A(2f)£8snCÔ(▣A=diag84,4,…ᓽ}ᙠ⌮(▣P,ᨵpTAP=A,àᓃ,}ᙠ(▣B=-t~B(A+aE)=E,ᓽCopᦪa,A+aEa~-2a+3⌮H⌮Ḅ⌮(▣8=—4/Q—a)E.}ᙠ⌮(▣Q,ᨵ0T8Q=A,ᡠa"—2஺+3(2)ᵫ(1)A+4EḄ⌮(▣´"ã=—äå.P-'AP=Q-'BQ,42-2x4+311ᑣQPT4PQT=B,ᓽ8PQ;TA8PQT;=B,ᦑ}ᙠ⌮(▣R=PQT,ᨵ’11ècஹB4-14..(▣A=1a\,஺=1,êëឋ!³Ax=£ᨵ,d1-2>R'AR=B,ᓽAB.N1B4-13.஻▤▣AaÙXA2+2A+3E=0.Ðí´W
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A+4EḄ⌮(▣.81;Cëឋ!³Ax=4Ḅîï(▣ðñòóñôᣚ=81;ᵫA2+2A+3E=0,᦮ᳮ)

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