浙江省绍兴市上虞区城南2021-2022学年高考化学二模试卷含解析

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2021-2022ὃᓄᔁ⚗1.⚪ὃᐜḄஹὃṹᑏ!ᩩ#ṹ$%&ᙠᩩ#ṹ()ᑁ஺2.⚪,-ᢥ⌕0ᵨ2஺3,-ᢥ᯿⚪45ᙠ⚪ᓱᔜ⚪8Ḅ⚪()ᑁ9:;⚪()<ᑏḄᫀ>ᦔ@ᙠ₝BCஹᔁD⚪>ᦔ஺4.9GHᐜIᵨJ2K;$LMNOᵨP⁐RSḄTR2UP஺5.Vᢝᓱ☢YZ⌕ᢚ\ஹZ⌕]ẚஹ]_ZIᵨ`ᦋbஹcdeஹfCᑐ஺hஹ⌱j⚪kl⚪mᨵho⌱⚗pᔠ⚪r1ஹsᑡᨵᐵᱥwḄឋwyᵨ⌶ᐹᨵ|}ᐵ~ḄkrA.NH4HCO3᧕ᑖHᵨ9ᓄB.NaHCChbឋHᵨᑴ⏚ᑺC.SO2ᐹᨵᓄឋHᵨCD.AWhᐹᨵឋHᵨᵯ2ஹᓄyᑗᐵ஺sᑡ┯ḄA.ᵨ¡¢£¤ᑺ◀¦⊟¨D©ª«ḄᱥᳮᓄB.“¯°”k²©ᑴ³´Ḅ°o¯µ¶Ḅ·¸rᙳº»Ḅ¼~ᱥC.½¾¿ÀᘤᵨᑮÃᔠÄ22ÃᐗƺÇÈᐗÆD.ÉÊËbkÌ⏚Íஹ²ᮞÀÏᡂrᵨ9ÑÒᑭᵨcWÔÕÖ×ឋ3ஹÍØDÙÚ┑ᜐḄᔾῖ⇨µᳮ᝞GᡠâsᑡᨵᐵãäZd$ḄH
A.d᩽ᵯ᩽æ}çè2H++2e—-H2TB.éÇêëìíᑮæ}4FeOH
+2H2O+O=4FeOH322C.éÇêÍîZïῖ⇨D.éÇêᵯ¶ðFeñᔣCu4ஹóᕜõᐗÆWஹXஹYஹZᙠᐗÆᕜõ⊤Ḅ|÷ø᝞⊤ᡠâùúᐗÆḄµ¶ᨬ᜜ýᵯ¶ᦪÿ
23஺ᑡỚḄW

1YZTA.Y>Z,ឋWvXB.X2TḄ᝱ᓄᱥᣚTᓫC.WஹYஹZᐗXᐗ!ᡂᓄᔠᱥWX2ஹYX2ஹZX2D.ᨬ%&'ᓄᱥ()
ᓄᱥḄ⏚ឋ+W>Y>Z5ஹ,ᕜ./0ᐗXஹYஹZஹWḄ1ᦪ345ᜧ7X89VHA07YḄ᪶᜜ᨬ᜜<4᜜<ᵯᦪ>?@9,ZAᙢCDEᨬFḄᐗ7WXG/0஺IᑡKL┯NḄA()A.+r(Y)>r(Z)>r(W)>r(X)B.ᵫXஹYRᡂḄᓄᔠᱥASᓄᔠᱥC.XḄTᓫ᝱ᓄᱥḄUVWឋXWḄYD.YḄᨬ%&'ᓄᱥ()
ᓄᱥḄZឋXZḄ[6ஹ\▭^._`⍝bcdᙠfgḄh⁐jk“ᐰᵯn”7ᨵqrstuᵯnvwḄxy஺ᐸ{|ᳮ᝞ᡠ஺A.“ᐰᵯn”{|7⏚Z)Ḅ?ᓄ@ᵯB.ᔾ▬7Ó☘ÕÖ7×ØÎϯ”7ÙÇL)ᵨbÚ⁐)D.Ûᩎ•ÜÝ+“ÜṺ(HgS)>ᡂ
ß7àáâᡂÜṺ”7Ùãägwbᑖæஹᓄᔠஹ'ᓄç)

28ஹᔣ⛳ᐭᓄᨵ⁐᪆!᪆!"#$%┯'ḄA.⁐NaClB.()*ᙠ,-ᵯ/0⊝C.()pH234D.NaClḄ(56᳛489ᨔ6᳛9ஹᑡᨵᐵ$%<=ḄA.>?@ABᨵḄCDᓄᱥ>FGᐰIJ⌼ᡂḄB.⏀NOPQRSឋ⏀NUVWXᩔZ[\ᦔ^W_C.ᵯ`ᘤᵨ╅d■fghᑁjῖ⇨mᳮoᱨ□᩽Ḅ▢᩽tuD.ấwஹxyᮞஹ{|}ᒹᵨḄᑺ10ஹ“ᜩ”ḄᵯᨵxDIᧇᵯRFC
,RFC-ᵯ5ᢈDIᧇᵯᢈ9ᔠḄᐙᵯᵯ஺
RFCmᳮ¡ᨵᐵ<=ḄA.¢£O.lmolᵯ¤¥aᵯ᩽¦x᪗¨©ªChL12LB.bᵯ᩽«¬xḄᵯ᩽®¯2H2O+2e-=H2T+2OlTC.cᵯ᩽«°±²m®BḄH+³"◞µ°ᐭAD.dᵯ᩽«¬xḄᵯ᩽®¯O+4H++4e=2HO2211ஹ¶⏚¸⏚ᙳ᧕(8»O¼½¾¿9᪀ÁÂ᝞ᡠ஺ᑡ1EẞḄÆÇ??¶⏚HO—CH—C—CH—C—NH—CH—CH—C—OH¸⏚CH—CH—C—OH2223H3cOHOHA.¶⏚ᑖ¤Â
C9H17NO5B.¶⏚ᙠ⏚ឋᩩËḄ5¦ᱥ̸⏚Í
ÎᱥC.¶⏚᧕(8ᐸᑖ¤ᑁBᨵÐÑÒÓ᧕ᑖ¤ÔᡂÕᨵᐵD.¸⏚ᙠÖᩩË®Ôᡂ×ᐗÙ©ᓄᔠᱥ12ஹÚÛVÜHNO3ghM®¥OÝᑮ+2ßà⏚®¥MHNO3ḄᱥRḄáÌâ
5
12,ᑣ®¥HNO3Ḅ²m¦ᱥäåA.NH4NO3B.NC.N2OD.NO213ஹæçHAḄ⏚ឋè8HBḄ⏚ឋ஺25࠷¥ᵨNaOHᑖéᦋSᱥRḄáÛVᙳ
0.Imol47iḄHA()HB()ḄpHä()ḄëSᓄìᶍîå()A\ITḄᱥRḄáÛVḄïðᦪ()ḄpHḄSᓄòª᝞ᡠ஺

3ᑡKLdḄAA.èéI⊤ëìḄpHTgcBDḄáᓄᐵíS=100C.ëì
ḄᵯSäÆ+M>ND.Nî()ḄëìcNa+
>Qî()ḄëìcN
14ஹᵯæᔠᡂ1,2—ðñòóḄôõö᝞ᡠ஺IᑡKLdḄA÷A.Ùö{|7▢᩽ùëìḄS£Æú5ᜧB.ìû)7C2H4üCuCL'ᓄ@1,2cðñòóC.XஹY34@□Sþᣚஹ▢SþᣚD.Ùö)@CH2=CH,+2H2O+2NaClᵯæH#+2NaOH+QCH2cH2a15ஹIᑡKLdḄAA.Ó᜜ᐝ
ஹ᪶ᐳ
ஹ
ᵨᨵᓄᔠᱥ᪀Ḅᑖ᪆0B.ᱥᩞᧇ!"ᵫᓫ%&'()*ᔠᡂCH,nC.,'᯼Ḅ.ᓄ/0᯼ᯖ2ஹᯖ3ஹ4567ᱥD.829Ḅ:Ḅ";<=>2Ḅ?@A?16ஹBᑡDEFGHᑮJ*DE:ḄḄ"

4NaOHV⏣M.ᐜOPQ0.1mol/LNaClM.ROPQ0.1mol/LST⏚NasM.2NaSiO,21mLO.lmol/LNa/YZM.AgNChM.⏚ឋKMnO,M.⛳@N4colM.A.ᑴᜓ»ᦈö÷⏚B.øùᓄú(5C.øû÷üḄ[D.ýþSஹCஹSiḄÿ
ᜧᓄᱥឋA.AB.BC.CD.Dஹ⌱⚪(⚪ᒹ5⚪)COOH17ஹᓛ᪍)ᨵ#ᔠᡂ&'(Ḅ(*+஺KKfaO,HQNaOH45Eম8ᓄ’DCHCOOHCOOHOFeHClCHJ—a23V[\-.:I.gCH3CO2?n.(ᐹᨵ1Ḅ23ឋ)(1):;টḄ=ᑺ?ᩩABC:;জḄ:;EFBC:;ঝḄHᵨ:(2)BḄJ᪀LMBN(3)OᑡᐵG(ḄRSTUḄ;A.ᐹᨵWឋXYZ[⏚:;]Z[^:;B.Z_`aᡂஹbஹcd?eᓄ:;C.ZfᔠᡂgᑖiᓄᔠᱥD.ImolG[jkNaHCCh45:;lm2moic஺2(4)D[jkḄNaOH45:;Ḅᓄno'MBC:;ঝḄᓄno'MB(5)pᔠOᑡᩩAḄCḄqᑖr᪀+ᨵsCa.t✏vᓄᔠᱥXwxᨵWyᵬ{b.YZ_`|:;}Z_`~:;ᐸ(᪶ᐳᨵ4Xw☢B6
2
1
1Ḅ

5CH3⏚ឋKM]M^1_/8°`1aHNO[[cd"dℍℕ:A||^|hi⚪kᑏmnᵬp;q5aNO,ᧇᔠᡂr5spᵬ⏚Ḅtuv(xyᑺ{⌱)O18ஹ;<~ᦔḄᢙ᷈ᱥᓄᔠᡂ<ᑡḄ1,3-ᱥ஺(1)ᓄᔠᱥBFḄG;_________@(G)஺(2))*i-ivF)*Ḅ"o(3)iiḄ)*u¡;»(4)£¤¥¦Bᑡᩩ¨ḄḄ£ᑖ©᪀%ᐳᨵªᑏmᐸFªḄ᪀¬¡CH31.ᑖ®Fp¯°n.±²³)*°in,᪶ᐳµ¶☢¸¹;1
2
2
2
1"ªᦔḄᢙ᷈ᱥºᑏmn@஺@•C;qᧇᑴᜓoR¾ᓄᔠᱥḄᔠᡂ¿Àtuv(xyᑺ{ᵨ)19ஹDEÁ᝞vḄÃÄÅÆ'uᑴTT⏚Ç(ᜳᢝ
ᘤ@OË
ᘤᙳḕᶍ)஺ᐸ)*qᳮ;Ð2Na?S+Na2co3+4SO2
3Na2s2O3+CO2

6,70KHso.1ºÑÒ(1)BᑡÓÔÕÖ×Ḅ"—.A.ÃÄAḄÚÛFḄyᑺ*"Na2s஺3Ü%B.=Cᜐ6ÞOËḄßàGOá)*â᳛£¤äGåᜧqᧇḄᑭᵨ᳛C.ÃÄEḄè⌕êᵨ"ᔾᦈCO2íîD.ÃÄBḄêᵨï"ðñSO2Ḅᡂâ᳛¾ᜐ┵óÛF⌱ᵨaT⏚ᡈ⛳@NaHSChM.(2))*õöCFM.F÷ᨵø?Na2s04ᩖºúᐸᡂqû஺20ஹDEÁnüýþ(è⌕ᡂᑖ;Cu@CuO);qᧇᑴCuClḄè⌕tu᝞vᡠ஺জCuCl⏣ᜧḄ஺ঝCuCl☄Ḅ᧕ᓄ஺"#$ᑡ&⚪஺(1)“ᓄ”*+,-ᑴᙠ60~70࠷,012o(2)ᑏ5“6ᓄ”78Ḅ98:»(3)“7<?ஹஹ7(NHGSO4ᨔFᵨCᓄHIᧇ஺“7

7兴/裕返式三+=05
oCuClpqrᨵtVCaSO4,uvwxCuClḄyz9ᫀ»|yz⌱~ᑺO.lmollT⏚ஹ10mol1T⏚ஹ✂ஹ⏣21ஹᐸᓄᔠᱥᙠpḼ⌕Cᵨ஺1
2i⌕Ḅᓄ0ᧇ᝱I2ᵨḄIᧇ஺ᔠᡂᢈḄᐵ,P:N2g
+3H2g
=^2NHKg
AH=-93k.J/mol,y▭pᵨ¡ᩩ£FeC¤ᓄᑺ-ᑴ+773Kஹ¥¦3.0xl
7pa,0ᧇN2H2ᱥ§ḄV¨©P1
2.8஺জᔠᡂᢈ2Ḅ«jḄi¬|⌱“ᜧ«”ஹ“ᱥ«”“®«”஺ঝᔠᡂ,ᵨ°±²¤ᓄᑺ$ᑡᐵ¤ᓄᑺḄ³´µḄ2oA.¶d·,¸᳛B.¶ᦋº,»C.¶lt,Ḅ¼ὑD.¶bdᓄᑖḄᦪ¿ঞᐵᔠᡂ¡Ḅ$ᑡᳮ´µḄ2஺A.0ᧇᑘ7V21N2Ä᧕>〉7VᨵᑭwÇH2Ḅ6ᓄ᳛B.-ᑴ+773K
ÈÇÉ+2PÊËÌͼÇḄÎ⊝6ᓄ᳛·Ḅ,¸᳛C.f+ஹ¥¦ij*ᙠ0ᧇ|ᵨH2Ḅ©ÐºÑdtVÒឋFᨵᑭwÇÎ⊝6ᓄ᳛D.ᑖ>NÔ7ᜩᯠ6ᓄ>H,0ᧇ×?7Øᓄᜐᳮ¶■Û¤ᓄᑺÜÝᐰßᦑá2
22
ᾮN2H02Ḅãᓄᱥ¨iᐸᑴᜓ9ᵨå⏚æᓄ7VḄ஺জå⏚æçèឋ⊤0ᳮḄ98:2oঝ+$êÂ,ḄÎ⊝ᦪPK=l.Oxl0-6mol/L,ᑣLOmol/LNaClOḄpH=஺ঞìWN2O4ᓄ,ᡂN2஺N2g
+2O2g
=N2O4পAH=-19.5kJ/molNH4l
+O2g
=N2g
+2HOg
AH=-534.2kJ/mol22íᑏ5ᾮN2O4,Ḅ»ᓄH,98:»বᙠNH4HCO3,NH4++HCO3-+H2O=^NHyH2O+H2cChḄÎ⊝ᦪK=஺|+$NHHO32

8Ḅᵯ⊝ᦪK=2xl05,H2CO3Ḅᵯ⊝ᦪKi=4xl0-7
»baὃᫀஹ⌱⚪⚪ᨵy⌱⚗pᔠ⚪¡1ஹBூ
᪆௃AஹNH4HCO3xᨵ⃩£ᐗ¥Nᐗ¥X¦ᵨHᓄ§X[NH4HCO3¨©᧕ᑖ«ᐵXᦑApᔠ⚪CBஹNaHCChZ[®⏚:;X¯wNaHCCh45«ῖ⇨ឋXᵨHᑴ³⏚(?ᑺXᦑBpᔠ⚪CCஹSO2ᐹᨵ´µឋX¦ᵨ¶·´µX[Sthᐹᨵeᓄឋ«ᐵXᦑCpᔠ⚪CDஹᰚ¹º᝱OḄAWhZ_`ᵯX¦ᵨᵯ¼½¾X[ALO-3ᐹᨵWឋ«ᐵXᦑDpᔠ⚪Cᦑ⌱NB஺ூÀÁ௃g(▤ÄÅᐹᨵ´µḄᱥÆEFᨵNজeᓄឋ´µ&'¦⌮¡XÅᱥÆᨵ03ஹH2O2,NazthஹNaClOஹHC1OஹCaClO2ÈCঝÉᡂÊËᓄᔠᱥF´µ&'¦⌮¡XÅᱥÆᨵSO2ঞᱥᳮᔾ▬F´µ&'¦⌮¡XÅᱥÆᨵÐឋÑ஺2ஹBூ
᪆௃A.ᵨÒÓÔÕᑺ◀⊟ØÙÚÛXᑭᵨᨵ#4ᑺḄ4ឋXÝᨵÞᱥÆ`ᡂXᱥᳮßᓄXᦑATUCB.“áâ”ä⌕ᒹæḄqçᱥ?ₔÈXᐸ(éḄJ᪀BæḄqçᱥXᦑB┯ëCC.22ìíᐗ¥îïÒᕜñïIVBvX&òᐗ¥XᦑCTUCD.G1SO4ó®Xôõ(ḄöµÆᙠó®ᡈ^ឋᩩAO¦ù_`ßឋXᦑDTUCᫀ⌱B஺3ஹAூ
᪆௃A.T᩽ᵯ᩽:;MBN0+2H0+4e=40H\ᦑA┯ëC22B.ᵯᓄnῖ⇨&'(`ᡂḄFeOH
z᧕ûeᓄᡂFeOH”ᦑBTUCC.üBT᩽Xûýþÿᩭ
ᦑC

9D.ᵯ᩽Feᔣ᩽Cu,ᦑD;ᦑ⌱A஺4ஹDூ᪆௃WஹXஹYஹZᙳᕜ!ᐗ#ᵫ%&ᐵ()*WஹXᜐ,-.ᕜYஹZᜐ,-/ᕜ0X1ᨬ᜜4ᵯᦪa,ᑣWஹYஹZᨬ᜜4ᵯᦪ78a-2ஹaஹa+l,9:ᐗ#Ḅ1ᨬ᜜4ᵯᦪ<=23,ᑣ:a-2+a+l+a+a=23,?a=6,ᑣWCᐗ#ᦑXOᐗ#ஹYSᐗ#ஹWCᐗ#஺ூ@௃AஹAᕜBᑮD1EF⌲HIJᐗ#ḄKLMឋOP1EFS>C1,KLMឋWr(Z)>r(W)>r(X),ᦑAB.ᵫXஹYyᡂḄᓄᔠᱥmNaF,ᵫLM{=⏚᪷{᪀ᡂM,{ᓄᔠᱥᦑBC.KLMឋuPbW~ᓄᱥuXḄᓫ᝱~ᓄᱥHFḄឋWḄᓫ᝱~ᓄᱥHC1PᦑCD.ᐗ#ḄLMឋuPᨬ]^_ᓄᱥbWcᓄᱥḄឋuPYḄᨬ]^_ᓄᱥbWcᓄᱥmNaOH,ឋA1(OH)3PᦑD┯gᦑ⌱D,ூ௃⚪ὃ1᪀Uᐗ#ᕜḄWᵨᐗ#ᐵᐗ#ᕜᑁஹᐗ#ᕜ⊤᪀]ᑖ᪆T¡ᔠWᵨT᧕┯A,£1EFḄ¤¥஺6ஹA

10ூ
᪆௃ᵫᵯ¦ᔣ)*B§ᔾ▬4᩽ªX
_ᓄVWᵯ᩽VWmHz-2e-+201r=2«0,D§ᔾ▬4᩽ªX
¬1VWᵯ᩽VWm2e-+2H+=H2,ᔠ1ᵯ□{ᔣ᩽▢{ᔣ᩽°⚪஺ூ
௃A.“ᐰ~ᵯ”´µw¶⏚VWḄᓄ·T¸=T¹ºᓄᵯTᦑAB.D§ᔾ▬4᩽ªX
¬1VWᵯ᩽VWm2e-+2H+=H2,ᦑB┯gC.NaClOḄµᵨm»¼{½ᨵ¿Uᵯ᩽VWᦑC┯g4D.ᵫᵯ¦ᔣ)*B§ᔾ▬4᩽ªX
_ᓄVWᵯ᩽VWmH2-2e-+2OH=2H2O,D§ᔾ▬4᩽ªX
¬1VWᵯ᩽VWm2e+2H+=H2,ÀVWeH++OH=HO,ᦑD┯g2ᫀmAo7ஹCூ
᪆௃A.ᵫ“ÂÔ)*UÄᔠᱥÅᨵᐵᑣÆÇᡠᵨḄ“¥”mᢣÂ✄ᦑAB.L¸ᓽ̹Í┱ÍᔠÏÍᑣÐᑣÑÒᔠLÓÔᜧ,ᔜᡂᑖᦑBC.␺×KNh=Na2s04,ᑭᵨÙᐗ#=lᐗ#Ḅᯚ⁐VWÜAlᐗ#ᯚ⁐VWÝ⁐Ùᐗ#ᯚ⁐VW◞Ḽàáᴻã⁐ᦑC┯gD.äṺ¸HgS
æ<ᡂcçHgSqHg+S,èéê¬ᡂäṺḄëm_ᓄ¬1VWᨵᓫ[¸cç¹Xᡂìᓫ[¸cç¹íîXᡂᓄᔠᱥᦑ°ᒹpᑖஹᓄᔠஹ_ᓄ¬1VWᦑDᫀ⌱C஺ூ௃ðñòópôÒvᐵᱥ[Ḅឋ[m⚪ᐵ஺⚪Ḅ᧕┯C,⌕ᯚ⁐VWM,ᱥᳮéᓄÜmᓄ·éᓄ஺8ஹBூ
᪆௃A.ᔣ⛳=øùcúᐭtᓄ~t{üÔOᜧýþtᓄl᪆«ᦑAB.ÿ
ᙠḄᵯ⊝ᦑB┯C.ᓄ
ឋᐭᓄ⏚ឋpHᦑCD.!ᨵᓄ#$᪆&ᡠ(ᓄḄ)*᳛,-ᨔ*᳛ᦑDᦑ⌱0B,9ஹCூ
᪆௃

11Aஹ34ᩭ6,74748ᵫ:;<ᓄᔠᱥ?ᡂḄAᔠᱥᓽ348ᵫ<C;ᐗE?ᡂFGNᐗEᦑA┯Bஹ⏀IJKLMNOឋPᵨ⏀IḄRSTU!75%,ᦑB┯CஹVWḄᵯᓄXῖ⇨ᒹ\]ᱨ□᩽Ḅ▢᩽bcde᜜gᵯh▢᩽bcdiὅW,kᵯlkᳮὅW,ᵯ)kᳮ,VWMgopqrMgst᩽kᳮ8]ᱨ□᩽Ḅ▢᩽bcdᦑCDஹấvஹw7ᮞsyzᑺp|s}kᑺp|■ᓄᦑD┯ᫀ⌱C஺10ஹCூ
᪆௃A.aᵯ᩽᜜gᵯḄt᩽aᵯ᩽!▢᩽aᵯ᩽Ḅᵯ᩽!2H2O+2e-=H2t+2OH”aᵯ᩽wḄ$8A⚗┯B.bᵯ᩽᜜gᵯḄ᩽bᵯ᩽!□᩽bᵯ᩽Ḅᵯ᩽!2H2O-4e-=O2f+4H+,B⚗┯C.cᵯ᩽ᐭ02,Cᵯ᩽!ᧇᵯlḄ᩽Cᵯ᩽w}kdᵯ᩽ᐭH2,dᵯ᩽!ᧇᵯlḄt᩽dᵯ᩽Ḅᵯ᩽!H2-2e=2H+,ᙠkᵯl
□ᔣ᩽Bl
ḄH+(◞ᐭAlC⚗D.dᵯ᩽wḄᵯ᩽8H2-2e=2H+,D⚗┯ᫀ⌱C஺11ஹBூ
᪆௃A.᪷⏚Ḅ-᪀¡¢ᑖ!C9H17NO5,ᦑAB.⏚ᙠ⏚ឋᩩ¥¦Ḅ)&HO-CHj—C—C—OH,HdUj-C—§⏚
¨©ªᦪF¬ᡠHjCOHHjCOH(§⏚F8¬ᱥᦑB┯C.⏚
Ḅ¨©ᑖ®ᡂ¯ᡠ(⏚᧕,ᦑCg__QD.2ᑖ§⏚ᙠT±ᩩ¥¦²ᓄ®ᡂ³ᐗ´µᓄᔠᱥ…·ᦑDJee⌱B஺ூ¹º௃¼⚪ὃ¿ᨵÀᱥḄÀ᪀eឋNÁ¹8ÂÃÄÅÆJÇḄ-᪀eឋNȯᙠT±ᩩ¥¦)¨©ஹÉ©T±ᩩ¥¦w²ᓄÊìᱥḄᭆÌ஺12ஹB

12ூ)᪆௃Í⚪Îᑡ&ÐÑ᝞¦05M+12HNO3=5MNO32+N2T+6HO,ÓÔHNO3VWMÕJÖᑮ+2ØÙ⏚2Úᡠ(ImolMᜫÜ2moiᵯ5moiMᜫÜlOmolᵯÝ12moiHNCh
ᨵlOmolÙ⏚Þᨵßgᓄ}kᨵ2moiÙ⏚ßgᓄ}kÖᑮlOmolᵯÙ⏚
àḄᓄᔠØ!+5Øᡠ(}kᱥáâ80ØḄN?,B⚗ᫀ⌱B஺ூ¹º௃ᑭᵨᵯäᦪåឤ8)⚪ḄçẚéêᑮᓄᔠØḄ±ëᐵᳮ)ᓄ}kḄ¼N8ᐵ¯஺13ஹBூ)᪆௃A.HAḄ⏚ឋí,HBḄ⏚ឋᑣKaHA
>KHB
,ï-IgeA
=-lgcBÕḄA
=cB
,cHA=cHB,ᑣaCH*
ðᜧpHðᡡðᜧᡠ(óôn⊤öpHTgcB-
ḄᐵᦑA┯c|H+»c|B1o10x10'2B.÷,HB,ø¹10,2
,ùúJcH*
=lrOmol/L,cB
=102mol/L,ᑣKHB=----------%¬ᳮ÷c|HB0.1-10-210SxlO-2,HA,ø¹8,2
,ùlJcH*
=10fmol/L,cA=10-2mol/L,ᑣKaHA\J\
-=------ᡠ(KaHA
c|HA0.1-10-2K.HB=100,ᦑBC.M¹eN¹
cA-
=cIT
,pHðᜧḄᵯÑSðᜧᡠ(ḄᵯÑSMVN,ᦑC┯D.÷,N¹ᙠᵯ₹åឤ0cNa+
+cm=cOlT
+cB-
,÷,Q¹ᙠᵯ₹åឤ0cNa*
+cH*
=cOH-
+cA-
,N¹eQ¹pH¬ᑣC
cH
ecOIT
ᑖþÿ
cIT
VcA
,ᑣNḄcNa,

13ᦑ⌱c஺15ஹAூ
᪆௃A.T᜜*Vᑖᐝᐝ!XOYZẆ\ᱥN^ᡂᡈ_᪀Ḅabcᘤ᪶fᐳhcᵨijYᨵkᱥᑖlAḄmn@ᦪpNqc*ᵨiᨵkᓄᔠᱥḄ,ᑖNZA&'l0HB.rsᱥtᵞ-^^x9-0yz{|}ᑖτ@H2c஺3,ᡠ:~i*ᩞᧇOᵫᓫCH"CH3-CH-CH2OH3?H@H2chs-ᔠᡂB┯CHs-CH-CHjOHC.᯼Ḅ*᯼ᯖஹᯖஹ{ᱥNc┯D.ḄpḄO/᝱"⛳@ᓄḄpḄO/r¡NḄNZ@|ZD┯ᦑᔠᳮ⌱⚗OA஺16ஹDூ
᪆௃Aஹᑴ¥F⏚F§◤⌕ᵨª⏚«¬ᓄᑺᦑ"⌱ABஹImLO.lmol/LḄAgNCh®¯°®O.lmol/LḄNaClᡂ±⁐³´AgCLAgNChᨵᒕ¶·®¯°®O.lmol/LḄNazS,AgNChPNa2s-ᡂAg2s³´ᡠ:"¸¹ºEᓄ»!ᜧiªᓄ»ᦑ"⌱BCஹF¼ஹF⏣¾¸J⏚ឋrÀ⏚ÁÂ⁐ᡠ:ÃÄÅ"¸Æ¹ÇFGḄÈÉ|ᱥOF¼ᦑ"⌱CDஹÊ⏚ËP̪⏚-ÍD7ᓄʹºÎÏ~ឋS>C,D7ᓄÊPấ⏚Ë-ᡂấ⏚³´¹ºÎÏ~ឋC>Si,ᦑ⌱D஺DஹÎ⌱Ñ⚪tÓ⚪ᒹÕ5}⚪zOH17ஹª⏚ஹÖ⏚ஹ¯×¥b-ØÙÚÛÜ:■Þ7ᓄACCOOK+3NaOH.+CHCOONa+2HO32lyi-ONa

14ýOOH⏒⏚,ᡂA,AB,ᡂC,C⏚ឋÇ═⏚
ᓄᡂD,᪷DḄ᪀(©^OCCH,C,Bᨵ᪷BḄᑖC7H8஺B,<᪷I,A(CH3co)201<^J-OOCC,HUJ3D!"#$%ᯠ'⏚ᓄ(ᑮE$%ᡂF,F!*+$%ᡂG,᪷GḄ᪀COOHH)ᔠ⚪.F("Nߟ||pCOOH-OHHN:(6)ᵬ012⏚!34$%ᡂ526ᵬ526ᵬ7⏚ឋ9═⏚
ᓄᡂ526ᵬ⏚526ᵬ⏚7*+ᡂ5;6ᵬ⏚<ᑖ᪆#>஺ூ@#௃(1)$%টC)-20HFᓄ()2N—G;!ḄIJḄ2ᓄ$%$%ḄᩩL1M⏚ஹ12⏚0OPQ$%জS⏒UFᓄS⏚$%VW34$%QXY6Z[᧕7⏚ឋ9═⏚
ᓄ$%ঝḄ^ᵨI`aXY6■c7ᓄᦑ>ᫀ1M⏚ஹ12⏚0OPQ34$%Q`aXY6■c7ᓄQ0H(2)᪷Jfᑖ᪆BḄ᪀Hoᦑ>ᫀCjYHjCOOH(3)A.G(H)ᨵg60;6ᡠiᐹᨵ⏚ឋ0kឋᑣᐹᨵmឋnop⏚$%Zo0k$%ᦑAqH
NCOOHrQB.G(H)ᨵXY6o!ᓄ$%sto!uv$%g6o!34$%o!HN2COOHOᡂ$%ᦑB┯xQC.G(H)ᨵg60XY6(ᡈ;6)o!z{$%ᡂ9ᑖᓄᔠᱥᦑCHN2qrQD.}ᨵg6o0~⏚$%ᡂᓄ~ᡠiImolGpNaHCO3$%ImolCCh,ᦑD┯xQᦑ⌱AC(4)Dᨵg6066"#ᡂḄXY6opᓄ$%pḄNaOH$%Ḅᓄ

15COOH+3NaOH+CH3COONa+2HiO,-ঝḄᓄ2345/OCCHj6

16CH2COOHCH2OOCHூZ᪆௃(1)᪷BB]᪀^_`aᐸbᨵḄcTd;(2)᪷Bi-iv'(Ḅᱯ@ᑖ᪆ᑨhi-ivḄ%&'(oO(3)iIN2H4#$%&'(j$kH2O,Blmᑏ'(o:_;(4)('J:"Ḅᑖ᪀rsᩩuvI.ᑖxbDII.y#$z{'(|}ᑖxbᨵ~+yTbᨵᵬ⏚CHJᡂḄ+HI.᪶ᐳ☢1v2v2v2v1,BlmᑏyTḄᑖ᪀]᪀^_ᑨhᐸKᦪ;(5)᯿⚪ḄᔠᡂḄ9:⌕ᔠᡂḄḄSy⌕᯿Ḅᔠᡂ]ᔠḄ6ᧇᓽyᔠᡂ஺ூZ௃0(DB]᪀^_(X()yᓄᔠᱥBbᨵḄcTd+ஹ+;Riফ%&'(ᨵᱥᑖxḄ6xᡈ6xd,ᐸ6xᡈ6xdᡠ&Ḅ'(᪷Bᱥ¡Ḅ]᪀^_¢£ᓄy

17oo$%iiIOCoHC=O+O+7N2H4ᑖN+4,-OH7NH+4(ᑮQCrᕜ0,RiRiNH?7ᡀஹ-a4(ᑮOf*ᔆa0HCl,$%34$%;$%34$%Q$%iii-N%JḄH+0$%ivJN-HH+71’r34(ᑮ஺^£¤¥)¦§¨HCI,$%3R1Ri4$%Qᦑ$%ᙠiiv34$%ḄIiiஹiii.r20O©0H2O,$%ḄᓄRiRi0o+N2H4-►C^©+2H2O;RIRiO(4)Ḅ¦ᑖ«᪀¬ᩩL®IᑖQIL¯!°±$%·¸ᑖᨵÇ6QHI.᪶ÉᐳËCH3²³☢µ¶1®2®2®2®1,·¸ᑖᨵ5¹t¦ḄH+ºᦪ¶1®2®2®2®1,ᑣ¯oḄ᪀0COOHQOOCHCH1COOHஹ,CH2OOCH¼½0CII2OHஹᐳ6¹QCH2CHOCH2CHOCHOCHOOBi(5)ᵫiJᑖ᪆¯✌ᐜpB஺ᙠFeÁᓄÂ!34$%¨Ã1JᙠÌÍÎJ!$%¨OOO00CgÆH,pN2H4!34$%¨0஺rCI!34$%¨

18HCLᦑa6ᧇᑴᜓ§ᓄᔠᱥḄᔠᡂ9:;19ஹBCSChNazCCh'($ᡂNa2sCh,Na2sO3S¨a©᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂNa2so4,$ᡂḄNa2s2O3᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂ¬⏚ூ
᪆௃A®
ᑴ%¯3ᓄ¬#$Ḅ'(°xo:_SOs2+2H+=SO1+H2O,B®
T±²¯3ᓄ¬³´ᐰ¶Ḅ·ᵨ2A5T᪷B«¹ᜧ»¼ᑴ'(½᳛C®
#$'(2Na?S+Na2co3+4SO2=3Na2s2O3+CO2,ᒕÀḄ¯3ᓄ¬ᨵÁSTÂÃ᣸ªᡠEÅ«ᜐᳮ®
]ᔠ⚪ᑖ᪆ZÈ஺ூ
௃(DA.®
AḄɶḄÊᑺ(Na2s03Ìᑖ2ÍᧅÏÐḄ2¬⏚¯ὅᙠA#$'($ᡂ¯3ᓄ¬,ᦑAÔ`B.Õ.CᜐÖ×ØÙḄÚÛTØÜ'(½᳛Ý«9½Þᜧßà6ᧇᑭᵨ᳛âãᦑB┯äC.®
EḄå⌕·ᵨᔾᦈSO2Å«■é¯3ᓄ¬êëD᛻ᦑC┯äD.®
BḄ·ᵨíîïSO2Ḅ$ᡂ½᳛§ᜐ┵¶y⌱ᵨ¬⏚ᡈ⛳NaHSOj12¯ὅóS1ZᡈI¯3ᓄ¬'(ᡠy⌱%¬⏚ᡈ⛳ô¬⏚12ᦑDÔ`ᦑÈᫀvBC(2)'(]öPC12÷bᨵãøNa2s04ᩖ¡SthNa2cCh'($ᡂNa2sCh,Na2sO3S¨a©᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂNa2sCh,$ᡂḄNa2s2O3᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂ¬⏚ᡠúᑮḄᱥ¡bᨵãøNa2sO”ᦑÈᫀvSChNa2cCh'($ᡂNa2so3,Na2sO3S¨a©᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂNa2sOs$ᡂḄNa2s2O3᧕,ª«3ᓄ$ᡂ¬⏚஺20ஹÚÛü1Z½Û᠒ஹÚÛþ.ÿᑖ2CU2++SO3*+2C+H2O^=2CUC11+SO42-+2H+ᨔCuClᙠ⏣⏣ᢵCuCl02ᓄᡂḄ#ᓄ$%&'#ᓄ()ᔣ+,-ᐭlOmoFLT⏚01ᤅ34560789ᔣ9)-:;4ᜧ=56᪆?

19897ᵨA;⏣BC23DEFூ᪆௃IJKLMN%OP⌕ᡂᑖRCuSCuO
-ᐭT⏚USV⏚⏚ឋᩩYZT⏚᪷\]ᐹᨵᓄឋ`ᓄMN%ᡂCM+,9)aᨵCM+ஹNH\H+ஹSO?.NOV,89cᙠ9)-ᐭ$V⏚᪶ᓄefghᡂ4CuCl,ghi2Cu2++SO2+2Cr+H2O^=2CuCl+SO2+2H+,jᑮ+,CuCLlmᑖ᪆஺34ூo௃1
ᱥq"ᓄ''tu⌕ὃ⇋ghx᳛e⌕ὃ⇋zᔲᨵ|gh}x᠒ஹ8(ᑖ஺ᫀRi}x᠒ஹ8╆ᑖ2
“ᓄ”ᓄ+ᱥRV⏚9)P⌕zV⏚╆஺`$V⏚╆)ḄCuSChᓄᡂV⏚╆CM+efᡂCuCl஺ᫀRi2Cu2++SO2+2Cr+H2O^=2CuCU+SO2+2H+343“89n”ᡠj9)RV⏚)ᨔ6◤8ஹᨔஹ89஺cuciᙠ⏣⏣}᧕ᢵ;BEFtCuClᓄ஺ᫀRiஹᨔCuClᙠ⏣⏣ᢵCuCl02ᓄ4
᪷l⚪ᩩYCuCl`'#\]ᜧḄ)஺#ᓄ(ᵨ=-ᑮLc#ᓄ$%Ḅ¡¢᳛£fzᡂḄ#ᓄ$%&'#ᓄ╆)஺ᫀRiᡂḄ#ᓄ$%&'#ᓄ╆)5
ᵫ⚪¥¦ᧇ`CuCl¨';S⏣`'#\]ᜧḄ)஺©CuCl+,ªᨵ«=CaSO4,ᔣ+,-ᐭlOmol-LT⏚01ᤅ34560789ᔣ9)-:;4ᜧ=56᪆?897ᵨA;⏣BC23DEFᓽ`jᑮ®#ᓄ$%஺ᫀRiᔣ+,-ᐭ10moiLT⏚01ᤅ34560789ᔣ9)-✄;4ᜧ=56᪆?897ᵨA;⏣BC23DEF஺ூ°௃⚪±²i⚪t✌ᐜ⌕µ¶fᧇS+,Oᒹ¸|+,¹ᓽºᜮ¼?½ᔣᐸD¿lKLÀᑖ᪆ghfᳮÂᡷÄÅÆÇKLÈÉÊËÌghÍÇᨵᐵghfᳮµ¶¥ḄO᝞¡¢ghஹ◀ᩖஹᑖ\¹ᨬcὶÔ:ÕḄÖᨵᦔᙢ¼ÙÄÅḄᑭᵨÛ¶⊤Ý஺21ஹÞß5àBCADCIO+HOHC1O+OH112N2H4l
+NOg
=3N2g
+4H2Og
224H=-1048.9kJ/mol1.25xl03ூ᪆௃1
জᵫàᐗãḄᓫqåRàḄᓄᔠᱥḄ8LRàḄ5`᪷là5çèᑨ15½èঝëᓄᑺ`}ghḄíᓄîïíᓄᑖ]ðᑖᦪ-ᓄòghx᳛ó0îôghõ⊝÷øঞ᪷lᔠᡂúḄghz66û£Ḅüýghþᓄòghx᳛Sᓄòõ⊝÷øÿᑖ᪆᜜ᩩᔠᡂ

20Ḅ(2)জ᪷⏚⏚ᑭᵨḄ"#$%ᑖ᪆ঝ᪷"#'⊝)ᦪḄ+,-./01c(OH),ᯠ3ᑭᵨ"Ḅ456-.c(H+)7᪷pH=-Ig(H+)-.pHঞ᪷9:;%<=>?ᓄABCDEFGHIḄ?ᓄABCD(3)᪷"#'⊝)ᦪḄ⊤KDLMஹ1O"Ḅ456ḄᐵQ-.஺ூT#௃(1)জN2LH2ᙠWᓄᑺYᙠZᙠ[\ஹ[]ᩩ^_`a`NH3,bcdeḄf;ghfeঝA.ijkᔠᡂḄWᓄᑺᵫdmnoḄpᓄqrstḄᑖ5uvpᓄᑖ5pᓄᑖ5ᦪwFx᳛FzA{|B.WᓄᑺG}ᦋu⌶qᦋuᱥḄ᝱O᝱G}ᦋu?B┯C.ᵫdWᓄᑺqᦋuᱥḄ᝱O᝱qᦋuCḄquᓄᡠ}q1ḄqὑC┯;D.ᵫdWᓄᑺGmnḄpᓄqrstḄᑖ5uvpᓄᑖ5ᡠ}G}wFpᓄᑖ5ḄᦪD{|ᦑᔠᳮ⌱⚗BCঞA.ᔠᡂ1N2ஹḄᱥḄḄ1
3,FᐭḄᧇ1N2OH2ᱥḄv1
2.8,ᑘN2I᧕H〉G}Fzx᳛ᵫdwᜧo¤¥ᱥḄ¦G}rᓄA'⊝{ᔣ¨©ª«G}rᐸᱥḄ®ᓄ᳛¯[ª«G¯[H2Ḅ®ᓄ᳛A{|B.°ᑴ\(773K)²[d³\´⌕vᙠ\^WᓄᑺḄpឋᨬᜧᵫdbḄ{¸?ᡠ}ᓣ[\ᓄA'⊝⌮ᔣ¨©ᱥ'⊝®ᓄ᳛mnB┯C.»\ஹ]¤;Zᙠᧇ(N2OH2Ḅ¼u)1¾F¿ឋÀᵫdqᦋuÁ¤¥ᱥḄ¦ᱥ'⊝®ᓄ᳛ÃC┯D.ÄḄ´⌕ᡂᑖN2ஹ0,ᑖ4ÄGHN2,ᜩᯠO"Æ®ᓄGHH2,ᧇN2ஹÇÈÉÊËᓄᜐᳮ,2}■ÏWᓄᑺ1ÐÑÒᜫÔWᓄpឋM_`Õᐰ×ᦑ_`D{|ᦑᔠᳮ⌱⚗AD(2)জ⏚⏚ᙠ/01CIO¤Ø_`"#ÙCIO+HOHC1O+OH,ᨬKᑮ'⊝Z/012c(OH)>c(H+),ᡠ}/0ÛឋঝC1CTḄ"#'⊝)ᦪK=,=1.0x106mol/L,c2(OH)=1.Omol/Lx1.Ox1O^mol/L=l.Ox106mol2/L2,ᡠ}c(OH-)=l.OxlO-3mol/L,ᑣc(H+)=,=1.0x10^mol^,ᡠ}/0ḄpH=U——1.OX஺-"D஺஻-)-1.0X10-3ঞপN2(g)+2O2(g)=N2O4(DAH=-19.5kJ/mol(ii)NH(l)+O2(g)=N2(g)+2H2O(g)AH=-534.2kJ/mol24

21(ii)x2-(i),᦮ᳮ¯(2N2H4(I)+N2O4(g)=3N2(g)+4H2O(g)AH=-1048.9kJ/mol(3)$%NHZ+HCOj+HONH3H2O+H2CO3ḄÑ⊝Óᦪ2K=.஺஺¼"=L25xlOÚJ3Ô01cÕ_ẑQ2X10-SX4X10-TூÛÜ௃Ý⚪ὃßàáâãäḄ%ᵨஹÁᓄᑺḄ^ᵨஹæḄçãஹèḄ"#éḄêᑏ0"#Ñ⊝ÓᦪḄìíஹᱥîFᓄ᳛ḄðñᑨḄó஺ôᐰ☢ḄὃßàóḄö%ᵨo÷øùú஺