河北省2022-2023学年化学高三上期中达标检测试题（含解析）

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2022-2023
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11ÆᩭÈÉLM)*+,ᡂC⏚1ÊL⏚7'ᓄw±ᓄᦑD┯O஺9ஹCூ?ᫀ᪆௃Aஹ.MḄËÌIImol.MᐰËÌ,ᡂ!᝱ᡠÎḄIᦑA┯OBஹ᪷ÐC(ÒÓs)=C(6ÔÒs)AH>0,ᑣÒÓḄ:Õ'6ÔÒḄ:ᱥᐹᨵḄ:ØÕØÙhᡠ#6ÔÒ᝞ÒÓÙhᦑB┯OCஹÛÐ⏚¼U1IᭆÝÞ⏚Þ¼!*+,ᡂImolÎḄIfßᑖ᪆à20.0gNaOHḄ!)C⏚ᐰU1Î28.7kJḄI40g.ᓄÂᐰ*+ÎI57.4kJ,ᑣ*+ḄIᓄwnsNaOH(aq)+HC1(aq)=NaCl(aq)+HO(1)AH=-57.4kJ/mobᦑC`a2DஹᱥCᐰËÌÎḄ:á;*+ÎIḄâ±ãᨵäåḄᡠ#AHJAH2,ᦑD┯O?ᫀ⌱C஺10ஹDூ⚪௃A.ᔣLUHᐭæ⏚ç!ᨵè⁐,:êë!Uàᨵcr,:êëLUìCI2,A┯OB.WSO2¨ᐭ⏚ឋ¿í⏚î!!ï⁐ðñᵫ'Eὅ¤,ᓄ¥£*+SO2òᓄ,H2s04,¿═⏚îò¥£,Mi?+,êëSO2ᐹᨵ¥£ឋ:êëSO2ᐹᨵóèឋB┯OC.ᔣô!UᐜHæ⏚⏚ᓄæ⏚ᐹᨵÞᓄឋöWSOᓄSO,÷HBaCL!ᨵè⁐,ᡂ,_:AgCLø_:BaSCh:êë!UᔲàᨵSO,C┯OD.ᔣFeCb1CuCbᔠ!UHᐭªú¶ᐜ¤,Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+,÷¤,*+sFe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu,ᦑêëᓄឋsFe3+>Cu2+,D`aᦑᔠᳮ⌱⚗D஺11ஹBூ⚪௃Aஹ.M¥£ᓄû(ᶇZḄû4567᣸ᙠ674ýឋþÿ
Ḅ☢⏚,ᦑA┯2BஹᐭḄᘤḄ,!"#ᦑB$%Cஹ&Ḅ'()*Ḅ'(+ᑖ-*-ᙠ/-ᑖ-012/-3ᔠᑣᐜᑖ7#*ᨵ9-:2;᎔#ᦑC┯Dஹ=═⏚?@ᕈ⏚ឋCᨵDEᓄឋ⌕ῖ⇨JKLᵨ⏚NOPQRSᦑD┯஺Uᫀ⌱B஺12ஹCூ⚪Z[\௃ᓄ^N_N2H6s04Ḅᨔᐸᨔbcde⏚fghLi7jᨔe⏚klᨵ7jmஹᐳom

12q▢ஹ□7jᦑN2H6s04ᨔtᙠᑖjuvᵨw⌱⚗C┯Uᫀ_C஺13>Bூᑖ᪆௃zḄᨵ{Eᓄ|⏚ஹEᓄfd⏚Ḅஹf⏚ஹf}ᓄ||d}ᓄfḄ~ᑨ@PlᨵḄ7j.ூ⚪Z[\௃⊤☢ᨵEᓄᱥḄghᜧ+Ḅ|ᱏfᱏSᐭ⏚ᐙᑖᵫzḄ{Eᓄ|⏚ஹEᓄfd⏚Ḅzᡂf7jஹ|7jឋFe>Cu,ᐜzf⏚⏚!tᙠf7j⏚f}ᓄ|zᡂ}ᓄfஹ}ᓄ|EᓄឋFe3+>Cu2+>H+,⊤☢lᨵEᓄᱥḄfᱏ|ᱏSᐭ⏚ᐙᑖfᱏᨵᒕᑣPtᙠFe3+ஹCu2\H+,ᡠ@Ḅ□7j_Fe2+,ᦑ⌱B஺ூUᫀ௃⚪ὃfḄឋ¡¢£fஹ|Ḅ¤¥ឋᓽ!ᑨ@tᙠḄ□7j\⚪ᐵm{¨%zḄᓄ^.14ஹAூUᫀ\᪆௃A.©ª«¬(NHJSO,©ᑖ\®¯°ஹ±ᓾ³ᨔᩭµ¶(NHjzSOd,ᦑA┯B.COz@\(+·¸¹᩽᧕@¼*ᐜ½ᐭ¸¹¬@ᕈ¾ឋᔾᦈÁḄCO?,B$%C.CaSCh@\(ᜧ¼CaCOs,ᙠÂÃÄCaSO,Åᓄ_CaCO,ÆᐭᰀÈ᮱ᑖ\_zÊᮞhÌzÍÎᑭᵨḄCO2,3ᦑC$%D.ÂÃÄÐ@ḄCaSO,Åᓄ_Ñ@ḄCaC03,D$%Uᫀ_A஺15ஹDூUᫀ\᪆௃HAḄpK=-lgK=4.75,Ò¨HAiÓ⏚஺aaூ⚪Z[\௃A.ÔOᐭ4()mLNaOH@ÕὅzÌzNaA,hNaOH@ÕὅḄᱥ¡ḄḄ)i1:1,NaAiD¾Ó⏚A-z*\ÌzOH1h@tᙠNaOHᵯ7ÌzḄOH;ᦑ7j¯(ᐵØc(OH)>c(A),ᵯ7ÌzḄ7j¯(c(A)ᜧ¼*ᵯ7Ìzc(H+),ᦑ@7j¯(ᐵØi{c(Na+)>c(OH)>c(A")>c(H+),A┯B.ᙠ@tᙠᵯ₹ÚឤᐵØ{c(Na+)+c(H+)=c(A-)+c(OH-),Ô@c(H+)+c(Otr)=2xl()஺(H+)=c(OH-),ᡠ~c(Na+)=c(A-),ᵫ¼Ḅᵯ7vᵨᜧ¼*Ḅᵯ7vᵨᡠ~c(Na+)=c(A»c(OH-)=c(H+),B┯C.ÔOᐭNaOH@20mL஺ÕὅាÝÌzNaA,LiD¾Ó⏚A-z*\ßὑ*ᵯ7ÌzḄH+,ÌzHAOW,᪷â¡jÚឤᐵØ!c(OH-)=c(H+)+c(HA),C┯

13c(H+)c(A-)D.ÔOPᑮpH=4.75c(H+)=1047Smol/L,ᵫ¼pKa=-lgKa=4.75,ᡠ~.'
\å,ᡠ~c(A-)=c(HA),c(HA)D$%Uᫀ⌱D஺16ஹCூUᫀ\᪆௃MgOஹAI2O3ஹSiO>Fe2(hḄ3ᔠæçᐭ⏚ᐙᑖMgOஹAI2O3ஹFezChzᡂMgCLஹ2AlCbஹFeCb,hᨵHCIᒕ஺SiO2d⏚஺ூ⚪Z[\௃AஹAl(OH)3èéឋ⏚iᨬÓḄ⏚¾iᨬÓḄ¾ᐸ⏚ឋ)ấ⏚⌕ÓᦑA┯Bஹ᪷â2ìᑖ᪆ÂÃX_ÕEᓄấd
í⏚îïÕEᓄấ@\ᦑB┯Cஹ᪷â2ìᑖ᪆@YḄ□7jð⌕iMg2+ஹAF+ஹFe3+ஹH+,ᦑC$%DஹMg2+ஹAF+ஹFe3+⌕ÂÃ,ᦑD┯ᦑ⌱C஺Õஹñ⌱ò⚪(⚪ᒹõ5+⚪)17ஹNa+[éOéH]-Si+2OH+2HO=SiO2+2H1TNaOHஹNa2cO30.05ᐜᨵ÷⁐ÂÃzᡂùÂÃ⌲û23üᨬýßᜫ3cl2+8NH3===N2+6NH4clH+ஹAP+ஹNHéஹSOjc(H+)c(Al3+)c(NH*)cfSO^)=1123ூᑖ᪆௃(DC!ᙠDÿ
⁐ᯚᡂHCLCHzஹDCLஹFHCLMḄᕡ!ᵫ#ᓄᐵ&MḄ'(ᵯ*ᡂஹB,MNaCRBNaOHফ,A-./01ᓫ34ᵨ6ᑴ⌼9:;ᩞᧇᑣASi,Si?NaOHḄ@'(ᡂNazSith?H2kবCDE0.4L0.6L
NaHCCh+HCUNaCl+CChT+lhO,F▤HIὑK⏚200mL,MNOPQRᓄSTIὑK⏚400mL,ᜧ6200mL,ᡠW'(Ḅ'3ᡂᑖNaOHஹNa2cO3;(4),A-.Y01ᓫ34NaOH'(Z[ᑣAAl,ENaAKh,ᑣ\]^ḄHC1'(⌲`aᐭNaAKh'(ᐜᡂRᓄdMeRᓄd'*f(5),A-.ghijkᵨA?NaOHᑴl;E,ᑣENH3ஹAmKEn⍗ᙳᑈr4ᑭᵨEḄtju〈Ḅw⍝ᔲz☄ᑣ|ᡂᓄ}~Tᡂgf(6)ᵫNOaᐭNaOHᨵ?;Pᑣ-ᨵH+,-ᨵCO3%eᩭᨵP4ᨬeIᜫᑣ-ᨵMg2+ஹFe3+,-ᨵA13+HḄ3^NH4++OH-=NH3H2OḄ|ᨵNH4+,ᵫᵯ₹ឤ-ᨵSO45᪷ᔜ▤HIὑḄNaOH;ᔠn(H+)n(AI,+)n(NH4+)ᔠᵯ₹ឤn(SOP)Ḅ¢ᐵ&£஺

14ூ⚪§¨*௃(1)BNaOH,ᐸᵯNa+[©H]rফASi,Si?NaOHḄ@'(ᡂNazSith?ḄS1+2OH+2HO=SiO2+2Ht232বCDE0.4L0.6L
NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+CChT+H2O,F▤HIὑK⏚200mL,MNOPQRᓄSTIὑK⏚400mL,ᜧ6200mL,ᡠW'(Ḅ'3ᡂᑖNaOHஹNa2cO3;ᡂ0.01moicO2◤⌕ḄK⏚®ߟߟrDO.Olmol200mL,ᔠ°ᳮNaHCCh+HCUNaCl+CChT+lbO,IIc(HCl)=-----------=0.05moVL0.2Lz(4),A-.Y01ᓫ34NaOH'(Z[ᑣAALENaAlCh,ᑣ\]^ḄHC1'(⌲`aᐭNaAlCh'(ᐜᡂRᓄdMeRᓄd'*ᦑ³ᑮḄµ¶·(⌲¸ᨵ⁐¹ºᡂ4»ᙢ½a¾e⌲¸'*ᨬ¿Iᜫf(5),A-.ghijkᵨA?NaOHᑴl;E,ᑣENH3ஹAmKEn⍗ᙳᑈr4ᑭᵨEḄtju〈Ḅw⍝ᔲz☄ᑣ|ᡂᓄ╆~Tᡂg·3CI+8NH3=N+6NH4C1,22(6)ᵫNOaᐭNaOHᨵ?;Pᑣ-ᨵH+,-ᨵC஺-,eᩭᨵP4ᨬeIᜫᑣ-ᨵMg2+ஹFe3+,-ᨵAF+HḄ3^NHr+OH-=NH3H2OḄᑣᨵNH&+,ᵫᵯ₹ឤ-ᨵSth,
H*+OH-=H2஺IὑNaOH'(Ḅ;1;
A13++3OH=Al(OH)3bdIὑNaOH'(Ḅ;3;
NH4++OIT=NH3H2O,}᪷IὑRᓄÂ2;ᑣn(H+)n(Al3+)n(NH+)=l;12,ᵫᵯ₹ឤn(H+)n(AI3+)n(NH+)n(SO2)=l123,444ᦑc(H+)c(Al3+)C(NH+)C(SO2)=1123஺44cc—op…18ஹÃQᵬÅjIIÆo(50//VS'SHC=CHCH3cH20H-ᨌCHjCHO2**2CH3CH=CHCHTJᔺî-ÊliC=CH»CHCHBr2;?:ᔠBḄᑖCḄ᪀B/C%,Bூᑖ᪆௃ᵫAḄᑖஹCḄ᪀ÉA

15þû஺¡ÿT,ᑣCᵬ⏣ᓄïðᙠᐝ᯿ᩩoCZ[ÃᑮC,ᵫDḄᑖ»Dóᔠõöi,[ᡂD,ᦑ±ᑺa¡CH3OH஺D©ᱥøùḄúឋÁ?ஹ⏚ᓄᑮ£T,ᵫHḄ᪀ᔠCHI(H.öiiûF¡C^\,FøüýZ[ᡂG¡)GiiᡂᑮH஺(>O3)J—1ᵫCH3cH=CHCH3U,CH3cH=CHCH3ᵫCH3cHO!CH3cH2Brᡂ஺"#$HjCtH3ᡂᡂCH3cH2OH,CH3cH20H%0ᓄ1ᓄᑮCHCHO,"⏣HBr23ᑮCHCHBr»332ூ⚪()*௃(1)ᵫᑖ᪆..Aஹᐸ56789:ᵬ;ᦑ=ᫀ9:ᵬ;?ফᵫᑖ᪆.DḄ᪀AB7CDᦑ=ᫀ81.?^^^•COOCHj^^^COOCHjECH2(3)F,FFGᡂG?8ᦑ=ᫀFG?()CHI2^Z^CH=CH2dB-(4)EᵫEI2ᙠKLᩩNOᡂFḄᓄPQRB78T+12^^^COOH(>CHJᦑ=ᫀ.+I2KLᩩ&+HL0CH«(5)AஹG8UVᙠWX᪀YᦑA┯[?BஹG\ᨵ^^_`ᵫii.ᵫGᡂHḄ7ᡂᦑBab;C.ஹG;hஹ^^_`ijkᡂ,ImolGᨬmn4m01oᡂᦑC┯[;

16CHJ\ᨵp!Iqr$*ᡂḄsp!HINaOHtuH\ᨵ2vp$*(>ᡂ2vspᑣImolFᡈImolHxyNaOHtuᙳFὑ2moiNaOH,ᦑDab?ᦑ=ᫀ:BD?(6)ஹEḄ᪀}1,~ᑖX᪀xḄᩩN\ᨵ;hஹ_`ஹpஹjvᦪhh22Cu,O2H2C=CH2--CH3cH20HCHUCHO—I-ᩩ11ÌLᩩ&CHCH=CHCHᩩ33HC=CHHBÍ.CHjCH.BrDHC/^CH2233-ᩩÏ19ஹo⁐CE0.7350gঞডᜧBDூᑖ᪆௃(l)Fe2+ḄtuᓄK3[Fe(CN)6]tuᡂᐹᨵᱯ⁐Ḅ1ᓄ஺(2)NaOHtunG◀⊤☢Ḅ?⏚╆ᙠ100CHOCᑖ*¡ᵨ£¤£¥¦§ᨔ©oª¤ᑭᵨ¬¦¡tᑺ®¯ᡠ±²u?³⏚´᧕t¶$·¸Ut¶"⏣ᦑ®¯¹ᵨºy"⏣»¼?½¾¿Àrᑭᵨ╆᪷Àrn!ÂÃᡂÄkÅÄk᩽᧕t¶$ÇÈtuḄ᎛◤⌕¦?Àr(Fe")SCNᡂÌ⊈Î⁐Ïᔠᱥ7½¾ÀrḄÑᵨQÒ஺(3)ÓÔK2Cr2O7ḄÕynᵨm=MXnÖ×ÓÔ?ØÙKLᱥÕḄyÚÛḄtu◤⌕ᵨᑮḄÜᘤ8Þyß(ÇàY

17)Ð^Ñ,ᜩÓÔᴻÖ`wf`'(Ḅ×ØÙÚ᪷c(ÜÝ)=஺(ᔩ᪗ã
ᑖ᪆ßàáÜÝV(ÜÝ)(Ḅᱥ3Ḅ^ãäḄ×Ø஺(4)aᐭNaOH'(TFe2+ᐜNH4+e஺ூ⚪§¨*௃(l)K3[Fe(CN)6]tjFe2+,æᡂFe3[Fe(CN)6]2ᱯèé⁐ফᵨNaOH'(êëìmíḄàᵨÆ◀ìmí⊤☢ḄñòóNaOH'(ôZ?mḄRᓄᱥᩖ3fö⏚÷m}ᙠ100C110࠷Tᑖ*ᦑù
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ᑭᵨᑺᑮḄᑖ!"#$⏚&'᪶᧕*+,-*.⏣ᦑᵨ12.⏣34!56789:᪵<*+=>?2NaOH@>:ABḄC⁐EFGHI*GJKLMNᑮGHOP⊤RSTUVᙠNHZ;STᙠXYUZᓄO\]^ᡂ'856'89:᪵<*+`>KSCNOCaRZᓄO\஺ᦑ⌱CEo(3)ᵨde⏚f᪗hijkḄlmn6Fe(NH)2(SO4)2+7H2SO4+KCrO7=422Cr(SO4)3+3Fe2(SO4)3+K2SO4+7H2O+6(NH4)2SOm(KCrO7)=0.01000mol«L-lx0.250Lx294.0g«mor'=0.7350g᪷p2422qrḄsrm⌱tᵯ8ᜩwᵨ*x2ST\2yzᵨ*{ST|ᴻ~ᵨ*ᤅ2ᵨ*Iᜮ`Jᵨ*>+h.ᦑᵨᑮḄᘤnr'!᝞`hᨵKzCnO᪗Ḅ`hJᘂᑖᨵY᪵⌼ᡂᦪ!`h¡¢Y£ᜫ᪵ᦪ¥¦ᡠ¨
ᩭḄKCrO7᪗T22ªᜧ¬h¡:ᜧᦑᫀn0.7350gঞঢᜧ஺(4)ᵫ*>ᐭNaOH±Fe2+ᐜlmNHq+lmᡠ¨LNaOH2?9´ᨵFe?+^lmᡠ¨A¥µஹB┯¸!¹9Fe2+ºᐰlmNHJᑖᡈºᐰlmᓽ8¾¿ÀUn(NH4+):n(Fe2+)W21,ᡠ¨C¥µD┯¸ᦑᫀnBD஺20ஹ¦ÁFeᙠq$⏚UÂᓄÃÄq$⏚lmC+2H2sO"q)ÇCO2T+2SCM+2H2஺ᔾᦈÊZᓄ$■ÌÍÎ6⌼ᡂ᡾5SO+2MnO4+2H2O=5SO42+2Mn2++4H+■Ì᜜ÑXYUḄ+YCO2ÒᐭE,ÍÎ26⌼ᡂ᡾—åKṹ)xlOO%11aூᑖ᪆௃'ஹÃᓫ\ᙳ9¨q$⏚>lm^ᡂÊZᓄ$ÊZᓄ$Ḅ569¨ᵨlmÚᨵÊZᓄÃYT^ᡂ:Û^ḄÊZᓄÃᵨq$⏚ÜÝᐭÞEᮞ᪷pÞEᮞà>Ḅ\29¨µhÊZᓄÃḄ\2᪷pCᐗâãឤ9¨åÃᓫ\Ḅ\2ÒåÃḄ\2ᑖᦪ஺ூ⚪çè{௃(1)éêyU`>?2Ḅq$⏚ëìí⏀sïAஹBᙳðRñòó#ô¦Á'ᙠq$⏚UÂᓄÃq$⏚lm!ফìí⏀sïö÷±øAUᒓúlmFeஹCûÄq$⏚lmᐸUÃÄq$⏚ᙠ>ᩩþÁlm^ᡂSO2ஹCO2

18!$ḄᓄPQRBC+2H2sO"Ú)íCO2T+2SCM+2H208বóÙCôᨵõ═⏚tunᔾᦈ:1ᓄkYtuùÎ⁐úGᐸSO2û1ᓄ⏚ḄÀrQRB5SO+2MnO+2HO=5SO42+2Mn2++4H+242(4)F■᜜CO2ஹᐭE!⌼ᡂ$᡾(5)E&'ᮞ)*Ḅ,-./012345Ḅ67ᓄ9Ḅ,-E):(nu-mDg,ᓽ5ᡂ67ᓄ9Ḅ,-B(m2-mi)g,᪷E9ᐗGHឤᡠ/KᔠᱥNᨵ9ᓫ,Ḅᱥ,Ḅ-B6MQ=ST*Lmol,ᡠ/Z9ᔠ[9Ḅ,-ᑖᦪ44g/mol44ஹ----Lmolx12g/mol3m-m.)¢r44xlO()%=9^----UxlOO%஺aglla21ஹAl0+20H-=2A10J+H0C0CO2e-fg7ᓄhijkl23᧕nᑴpqᧇstC0+NaA10+2322222H0=Al(0H)31+NaHCOALO3+3C+3ckx⌱2A1CL+3C0KSCNiᔠᳮFT+}~FeஹAl235ᡂ23Fe2+,i}Fe+ூᫀl᪆௃⚪ᑖ᪆(1)hḄ⌕ᡂᑖBAI2O3,᜜Nᨵ-Si(hஹFezChᩖ,(2)kḄấ⏚~h⏚23}5ᡂấh⏚ᓄ23¡¢2Na2SiO3+2NaAlO2+2HO=Na2AlSi2OI+4NaOH»¥¦§ᑡ©⚪228(1)ALO3~g7ᓄk235ᡂh⏚஺(2)g7ᓄh}k«⏚ik¬⏚஺(3)®¯°ᵨAI2O3~CஹCLᙠ³´ᩩ¶§23ᑴ·AlCh,ᳮ¸°¹ºὑ6.0g9ᓫ,¾¿1molᵯÁÂÃ9ᐗGᓄᔠtᓣ³¢+2t5ᡂCO஺(4)!Fe3+ᵨKSCNkÅkÆ¢⊈È⁐ᑣNᨵFe3+Fe3+}~FeஹAl235ᡂFe?+஺l᪆(1)ALO3~g7ᓄk235ᡂh⏚ḄÌÁ¡¢AI2O3+2OHF2AKV+H2O஺(2)⏚ᓄḄÎḄB5ᡂg7ᓄhg7ᓄh}k«⏚ik¬⏚ᙠ®ÏГ⏚ᓄ”f*ᐭCO2,CO2e-fg7ᓄhijkl23᧕nᑴpqᧇst⏚ᓄeÓ523Ḅᓄ¡C02+NaAIO2+2H2O=Al(OH)3+NaHCO3»(3)®¯°ᵨAI2O3~CஹCLᙠ³´ᩩ¶§23ᑴ·A1CL,ᳮ¸°¹ºὑ6.0g9ᓫ,¾¿1molᵯÁÂÃ9ᐗGᓄᔠtᓣ³¢+2t5ᡂCO,23Ḅᓄ¡¢A12O3+3C+3C1J3L2A1C13+3CO«2(4)!Fe3+ᵨKSCNkÅkÆ¢⊈È⁐ᑣNᨵFe3+Fe3+}~FeஹAl235ᡂFe?+i}Fe3+஺ÕÖ7ᓄhB×ឋ7ᓄᱥÙ}~«⏚235ᡂhÚ}~«&235ᡂh⏚஺

19