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七宝中学2022学年高二年级第二学期开学练习卷英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension(25’)SectionA(10’)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutit.Theconversationsandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Friday.B.Thursday.C.Wednesday.D.Tuesday.2A.Theman’soccupation.B.Theman’shobby.C.Theman’spursuitoffun.D.Theman’smusicalinstrument.3.A.Taxi-driver.B.Receptionist.C.Porter.D.Customsofficer.4.A.He’drathergostraighthome.B.Theycandowithouttheitems.C.They’dbettergettheitemsonline.D.He’llgotoaconveniencestorenow.5.A.It’sfun.B.It’sreasonable.C.It’sserious.D.It’sridiculous.6.A.Losingweightwillgeteasierandeasier.B.Runningisasportquiteworthtrying.C.Thewomanshouldrunharderandfaster.DThewomanshouldsticktoherexercise.7.A.Workovertime.B.Dosomesightseeing.C.visitahotel.D.Writeapaper.8.A.Thewoman’sworkwillbeamazing.B.Thereisalotofworktodo.C.Theworkishardtodealwith.D.Thewomanwilldefinitelyenjoyit.9.A.Shealwaysgivesinformationaboutherjob.B.Shedoeshavesomejoboffers.C.Shewillinformthemanofherplan.D.Shehasnoplancurrentlytochangeherjob.10.A.Hedoesn’tthinkhavingagreenbusinesscouldbeprofitable.B.Tohim,profitscomebeforetheprotectionoftheenvironment.C.Heisknownasastrongadvocateofenvironmentalprotection.
1D.Hebelieveshavinganenvironment-friendlybusinessmeansbigmoney.SectionB(15’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice.butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion.readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions1Ithrough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Ateamofnewexecutives.B.Abunchofregularcustomers.C.Acrowdofinterestedvisitors.D.Agroupofnewlyrecruitedworkers.12.A.In1905.B.In1900.C.In1886.D.In189313.A.Chocolateusedtobeverycostlyandenjoyedonlybytherich.B.Mr.Goodbar,apopularproductofHershey,datesbackto1925.C.Chocolatehasbeenproducedcheaplyandinlargeamountssince1905.D.TheLancasterCaramelCompanywasthefirstHersheychocolatefactory.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Anewtaxhasbeenimposedupondaytrippers.B.Theymayhavetopayfortheirentryintothecity.C.Onlyalimitednumberoftouristswillbeallowedin.D.Frequentfloodingwillleadtotheclosureofthecity.15.A.Theyhaveforbiddentouristsfromenteringtheprevioussites.B.Theyhavechargedeachtouristanadmissionfeeof2.50euros.C.TheyhaveencouragedtouriststovisitotherfamouscitiesinItaly.D.Theyhaveusedrevolvingdoorstocontrolentryduringpeakperiods.16.A.Venetians’attitudestowardstourists.B.TheprotectionofVeniceagainstflooding.C.Venice’sapproachestotouristmanagement.D.ThetroubleofVenicehavingtoomanyvisitors.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Keeptrackoftheirownworkingtime.B.Choosetoworkeitherathomeorintheoffice.
2C.DecidehowmanyhourstheyworkeachmonthDChoosewhethertoworkduringthedayoratnight.18.A.7:00-19:00B.900-14:00C.9:00-12:00D.12:00-16:0019.A.Theworkerwillgetdoublepayfortheovertime.B.Itcanbeexchangedforbyfreetimeeachmonth.C.Itwillbeclockedofffromthemonthly140hours.D.Itisseenasavoluntarycontributiontothecompany.20.A.Itisbeingimplementedinproductionaswell.B.Employeesclockoutforbothlunchandcoffeebreaks.C.Ithasbeenrunningsmoothlysincetheverybeginning.D.Thereisaminimumworkingtimeonemustreacheachmonth.II.Grammar(15’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)Concernsaboutmicroplasticsarenotnew.They’vebeengrowingformorethanadecade.Overthepasttwoyears,however,manycreativesolutions___1___(emerge)toaddresstheproblemonalocallevel,rangingfromhooveringbeachestoshootingbubblesupfromriverbottoms.Still,expertssaythere’saneedforahuge,coordinatedeffort___2___wewanttocurbtheglobalissue:Theworldproduces400milliontonsofplasticannually,andmuchofthatmaterialbreaksdownintotinypiecesthatnowpolluteourplanet.Thetermmicroplasticswascoinedin2004bymarineecologistRichardThompsonafterhediscoveredtinybitsofplasticlitteringBritishbeaches.Sincethen,scientistshavefoundmicroplastics—fragmentslessthan5millimeterswide-nearlyeverywhere:inthedeepsea,inArcticice,intheair.Eveninsideus.A2019studyinEnvironmentalScienceTechnologyestimatedhumanstakeinupto100,000bitsofplasticeachday.It’snotjustthephysicalpresenceofplasticinsidethebody___3___posesapotentialproblem;plastic’schemicaladditivesmightaffectdifferentspecies’tissuesandorgans,accordingtoa2021studyinEnvironmentalToxicologyandChemistry.However,thereisdisagreementintheliteratureastohowmuchmicroplastics___4___(harm)species,includinghumans.Somesaylargerpiecesmaypassrightthroughourbodieswhilethe___5___(tiny)piecescouldenterourcells.Moreresearchisneeded.Foraglobalviewofthisvastissue,somescientistsin2020createdapublicdatabasetotrackplasticremoval
3innovations.Forexample,HongKongPolytechnicUniversityresearcherspresented___6___uniqueideainAprilattheMicrobiologySociety’sAnnualConference:abacteriabiofilmthatcouldattractandtrapmicroplasticsatawastewatertreatmentplant,___7___theyflowintoriversandoceans.(B)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Makingchoicesishard.ThatwouldbewhyresearcherMoranCerfhaseliminateditfromhislife.Asarule,healwayschoosesthesecondmenuitematarestaurant.Thisisinformedbyhisresearchinneuroeconomics(asomewhatnew,divisivefield)atNorthwestemUniversity.___8___BusinessInsiderdescribes,Cerfhasextendedhisideas—whichdrawonsomecontroversialideasinpsychology,includingegodepletionout-intoapieceofadvicethat,___9___(maximize)happiness,peopleshould“buildalifethatrequiresfewerdecisionsbysurroundingthemselveswithpeoplewhopossesstraitstheyprefer”.Onaninstinctivelevel,Cerf’sideamakessense:Manychoicespeoplemakearetheproductofsocialpressuresandtheinputsof___10___(trust)peoplearoundthem.OneexampleCerffurnishesisthat,inadditiontoconsistentlyorderingthesecondmenuitem,heneverpickswheretoeat.Rather,helimitshisdecisiontohisdiningpartner-whichfriendheplanstoeatwith,probably___11___hetrusts—andalwaysletshimorherpick.___12___it’sunclearwhatscientificprinciplesunderliethosepiecesofadvice,thereisnoshortageofresearchshowingthatchoicescansometimesfeelmoreconfusingthanliberating.AnexamplefromQuantapoits(假设):IfyouhaveaclearloveofSnickers,choosingthatoveranAlmondJoyoraMilkyWay___13___beano-brainer.And,asanexperimentconductedbyneuroscientistPaulGlimcheratNYUshows,mostofthetimeitis,___14___youintroducemorechoices.Whentheparticipantswereofferedthreecandybars(Snickers,MilkyWay,andAlmondJoy)theyhadnoproblem___15___(pick)theirfavorite,butwhentheyweregiventheoptionofoneamong20,includingSnickers,theywouldsometimesdriftawayfromtheirpreference.Ⅲ.Vocabulary(20’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Donotethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneedineachpassage.(A)A.approachingB.CentralC.reverseD.adjustedE.conversation
4F.preferredG.idealH.qualifyI.secureJ.engagementK.foretellingIt’s6a.m.andthealarmclockisringingearlierthanusual.It’snotamalfunction:thesmartclockscannedyourscheduleand___16___becauseyou’vegotthatbigpresentationfirstthinginthemorning.Yourshowerautomaticallyturnsonandwarmstoyour___17___temperature.Theelectriccarisreadytogo,chargedbythesolarpanels.Whenyougethomelater,there’sanunexpectedpackagewaiting,deliveredbydrone.Youopenittofindcoldmedicine.Itturnsoutthathealthsensorsinyourbathroomdetectedsignsofa(an)___18___illnessandplacedanorderautomatically.Thatatleastisthe___19___versionofthesmarthomethatexists10yearsout.SwedishresearchfirmBergInsightsays63millionAmericanhomeswill___20___as“smart”by2022,witheverythingfromInternet-connectedlightbulbstocamerasthatletusspyonourpetsfromtheoffice.Butadecadefromnow,expertssay,we’llmovefromturningthelightsonandoffwithourvoicestototal___21___intheInternetofThings(IoT).Thankstoadvancementsinartificialintelligence,thesmartesthomeswillbeabletotrulylearnabouttheirowners,eventually___22___theirneeds.Developmentsinroboticswillgiveusmachinesthatofferahelpinghandwithcleaning,cookingandmore.Newsensorswillbecloselywatchingourwell-being.___23___toallofthiswillbethedatathatsmarthomescollect,analyzeandactupon,helpingtoturnthehousesofthefuturefromamerecollectionofdevicesandaccessoriesintotruly“smart”homes.Ofcourse,asourhomeslearnmoreaboutus,keepingthem___24___willbecomeallthemoreimportant.Everydevicethat’sconnectedtotheInternetisapotentialtargetforhackers.Therefore,cybersecuritywillbecomeallthemorevital.Arangeoftechnologicaldevelopmentswilldrivesmart-hometechnologywellbeyondwhat’savailableonstoreshelvestoday.Innovationsinartificialintelligence,forexample,standto___25___almosteverythinginourlives,includingourhomes.YoumightalreadybeusingsomekindofAI-poweredvoice-assistantdevicetogetthelatestnewsorweatherforecasteverymorning.Butinthesmarthomeofthefuture,thoseAlplatformscouldserveasthebrainforentirehomes,learningaboutresidentsandorganizingandautomatingalloftheirvarioussmartdevices.(B)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Donotethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneedineachpassage.A.investigatedB.scaleC.enabledD.trackingE.readilyF.searchingG.misuseH.delayedI.entirelyJ.eventuallyK.checking
5Asecretivefacialrecognitionprogram“couldannouncetheendofpublicanonymity(匿名),”saidKashmirHillinTheNewYorkTimes.Whilepolicedepartmentshaveusedfacialrecognitiontoolsforyears,they’vebeenlimitedto___26___government-providedimages,forexampledriver’slicensephotos.NowanappcalledClearviewAIcanremoveimagesoffaces“fromacrosstheinternet”—includingsocialmediasiteslikeFacebookandTwitter,employmentsites,evenVenmo—gatheringadatabaseofmorethan3billionphotos.“Untilnow,technologythat___27___identifieseveryonebasedonhisorherfacehasbeenforbiddenbecauseofitsinvasionofprivacy.”Clearviewlicensesitstechnologytomorethan600lawimplementationagencies.NewYorkCitypassedontheappaftera90-daytest,worriedaboutpotential___28___.Clearview’sinvestors“predictthatitsappwill___29___beavailabletothepublic.”Soon,“searchingsomeonebyfacecouldbecomeaseasyasGooglinganame.”We’vebeenbuildingtowardthismomentforalongtime,saidAdrianCheninTheCaliforniaSundayMagazine.Inthelate1800s,theFrenchpoliceofficerAlphonseBertillondevisedthefirst“methodforidentifyingcriminalsbasedontheirphysicalfeatures,”using11physicalmeasurements.But___30___changeseverything.TheDepartmentofHomelandSecurityplanstoscan“97percentofallpassengersonoutgoinginternationalflights.”Andthetechnologyhasbeenimprovedandcommercializedtothepointwhereyoucansearchadatabaseandbuyscansforaslittleas“40centsanimageifyouoptforAmazon’sfacialrecognitionsoftwareplan.”Allthishasalreadyledtogrowingfearsaboutfacialrecognition,saidJanoschDelckerandCristianoLimainPolitico.com,but“attemptsat___31___itsspreadarehittingawallofresistanceonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.”Atwo-partypushtolimitthegovernment’suseoffacialrecognitionhasbeen___32___inCongress.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isdiscussingafive-yeartemporaryban,butEuropeanprivacyrulescontain“abroadcarve-outforpublicauthorities.”Andauthoritiesareusingit:London’spolicejustlastweek___33___livefacialrecognitionforcamerasacrossthecity.Evenifsomebansonthetechnologysucceed,saidBruceSchneierinTheNewYorkTimes,we’restillbuildingan“observationsociety.”Facialrecognitionisjustoneidentificationtechnologyamongmany.A(n)___34___unregulateddataindustryisalreadycreating“descriptionsofwhoweareandwhatourinterestsare”by____35____ourmovements,purchases,andinteractions.“Wearebeingidentifiedwithoutourknowledge,andsocietyneedsrulesaboutwhenthatispermissible.”IV.Cloze(30’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.(A)
6LearningalanguageliterallychangesyourbrainIfyou’veeverlearnedanewlanguage,youknowhowdifficultitcanbe.Nativelanguagesseemalmostbuilt-in.We___36___themupnaturallywhenwe’reveryyoung.Butlearninganewlanguage,especiallyafterearlychildhood,canbeahugetask,___37___bylongvocabularylistsandgenderstomemorize,andcomplexcasesandtroublesometensestomaster.Ofcourse,it’sworththeeffort.Intoday’s___38___world,learninganewlanguagecanchangeyourlife.Itwill___39___changeyourbrain.Learninganythingchangesyourbrain,atleastalittlebit.Butlearningalanguagedoesitwithgreat___40___.JohnGrundy,aneuroscientistspecializinginbilingualismandthebrain,sayswhenyoulearnanewlanguage,yourbraingets___41___,newconnectionsaremadeandnewpathwaysareformed.Thoseextrapathwayscan___42___.Grundyoffersausefulanalogy(类比):Imaginethatyoualwaystakethesameroutetowork.Thenoneday,theroadiswashedout.Nowwhat?Ifyou’d___43___yourrouteovertheyears,you’dhaveoptionsalreadyinmind.Youcouldhoponanotherroadandmaybemakeittoyourdeskbeforeyourbossnoticedyouwerelate.“It’sreallyjustaremodelingofthebrainthatallowsittobecomemore___44___,”Grundysays.A2012studyfoundthatthisremodelingcanbesignificant.After3monthsofintenselanguagestudy,recruitsattheSwedishArmedForcesInterpreterAcademyhadincreasesincortical(皮层的)thicknessinareasassociatedwithlanguage____45____.Knowingasecondlanguagecanalsohelp____46____—oratleastdelay—cognitivedecline.“Thereisaconsistentfindingthatbilingualsareabletodelaysymptomsofdementia(痴呆)foraboutfourtosixyearscomparedtomonolinguals,”saysGrundy.Andthat’spretty____47____consideringthebestmedicationswehavecanpostponethesymptomsforonlyaboutayearorso.Ifyou’rethinkingit’stoolate,you’reprobablywrong.Weoftenthinkonlychildrencanlearnlanguageswithease.It’struethatyoungchildrendomorequicklylearnwhateverlanguagethey’re____48____to,butwhenitcomestoaddingonanewone,adultsaren’tatasmuchofa____49____asyoumightthink.It’snotsomuchtheageatwhichyoulearnanewlanguageasthewayyoulearnit.Ifyoupracticealotand____50____yourselfinthelanguage,youcanseethebenefitsatanyage,especiallywhenyougetolder.36.A.keepB.joinC.soakD.fill37.A.surprisedB.struckC.impressedD.burdened38.A.inter-connectedB.under-estimatedC.hard-wiredD.double-edged39.A.barelyB.certainlyC.narrowlyD.equally40.A.forceB.speedC.passionD.eagerness
741.A.motivatedB.inspiredC.rearrangedD.protected42.A.setinstoneB.gointodetailC.comeinhandyD.getunderway43.A.designedB.variedC.chosenD.recorded44.A.efficientB.healthyC.complexD.demanding45.A.processingB.barrierC.developmentD.translation46.A.prolongB.quantifyC.assessD.prevent47.A.evidentB.confusingC.practicalD.impressive48.A.committedB.exposedC.sensitiveD.accustomed49.A.lossB.disadvantageC.rateD.minimum50.A.differentiateB.instructC.immerseD.convince(B)Thedreamoftheflyingcarcouldcomedowntoearthsoonasseveralstar-upslikeChineseEHANGandUberaredevelopingso-called“passengerdrones”self—flyingdronesbigenoughtoferryindividualcommutersaroundtown—whichcould___51___commutetimesfromhourstominutes.Atfirstglance,human-carryingdronessoundnomore___52___thanflyingcars.Untilrecently.inventorshadneverbeenableto___53___automobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.Yetafewcompanieshavekeptatit:Woburn,forexample,hassince2006beendevelopingTransition,a“roadableaircraft”that___54___asmallairplanethatcanfolditswingsanddriveonroads.Apersonalflyingcarineverygaragehasprovedtobea(n)___55___sell,however,asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.Passengerdrones,___56___,wouldoperateautonomouslyandleavethe“roadable”partbehindinfavoroflargerversionsofaircraftthatalreadyexist.Passengerdronedesignsfavordistributedelectricpropulsion(推进),meaninginsteadofonelargemotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.This___57___liftingpowerandflightperformanceinexchangeformechanicalsimplicityandlighterweight—factorsthatcouldmakethemcheapertooperate.Quieterelectricpowerwouldmakethenoise___58___tocityresidents,althoughitremainstobeseenhowmuchweightsuchavehiclecouldlift,andforhowlong.Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcernand___59___toboththeaircraftandtheautomatedsystemsflyingthem.Advancedartificialintelligenceisneededtoflylargenumbersofautonomousaircraftwithout____60____themintooneanotheror,say,thelocalnewschannel’straffichelicopter.CarryingpeoplefrompointsAtoBseemssimpleenough,buteventhebestAIstruggleswith____61____“What,forexample,wouldadrone
8doifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable?”asksSanjivSingh,aCarnegieMellonUniversityroboticsresearcher.Insteadof____62____tofullyautomatedpassengerdrones,hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargoruns,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.Technicalchallengesaside,start-ups(创业公司)promotingthetechnologywillhavetofindawaytoconvincethepublictogivetheirdronesatry,somethingthatrequiresamuchbiggerleapoffaiththangettingintothe____63____ofaself-drivingcar.Passengerdronemakersare“obviouslystillintheveryearlystagesoftechnologydevelopmentandimprovingthe____64____,”saysMikeHirschberg,executivedirectoroftheAmericanHelicopterSocietyInternational.“But20or30yearsfromnowlifemaybealittlelikeTheJetsonswhereyoutakeadvantageofthethirddimensionandhavemuchmore____65____especiallyinurbanclosequarterswheregroundtransportationisjammed.”Thepassengerdroneprogressmayfollowaslopingtakeoffratherthanvertical(垂直的)leap.CarnegieMellon’sSinghseesalongroadaheadfilledwithlotsoftesting,analysis,regulationandeffortstowinthepublic’strustbeforethetechnologybecomesaviabletransportationoption.“Thereisthedangerofsomeonemovingtoofastandthenhavingaproblemthatsetstheindustrybackforsometime,”hesays.51.A.simplifyB.adjustC.estimateD.shrink52.A.magicalB.realisticC.appealingD.worthwhile53.A.imitateB.designC.marryD.divide54.A.resemblesB.outperformsC.challengesD.personalizes55.A.toughB.realC.evilD.huge56.A.inadditionB.forexampleC.onthewholeD.bycontrast57.A.sacrificesB.strengthensC.balancesD.controls58.A.immuneB.unknownC.relevantD.tolerable59.A.contributesB.appealsC.extendsD.adapts60.A.plungingB.crashingC.blowingD.splitting61.A.encountersB.locationsC.surprisesD.differences62.A.leapingB.tendingC.pointingD.applying63.A.disorderB.backseatC.doubtD.flow64.A.basicsB.figuresC.solutionsD.effects65.A.atmosphereB.concentrationC.dependenceD.mobilityV.ReadingComprehension(30’)
9SectionA(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Giventhebuzzit’screated,there’sagoodchanceyou’veheardaboutChatGPT.It’saninteractivechatbotpoweredbymachinelearning.ThetechnologyhasbasicallydevouredtheentireInternet,readingthecollectiveworksofhumanityandlearningpatternsinlanguagethatitcanrecreate.Allyouhavetodoisgiveitaprompt(提示),andChatGPTcandoanendlessarrayofthings:writeastoryinaparticularstyle,answeraquestion,explainaconcept,composeanemail—writeacollegeessay-anditwillspitoutcoherent,seeminglyhuman—writtentextinseconds.Thetechnologyisbothawesomeandterrifying.22-year-oldEdwardTianisworkingfeverishlyonanewapptocombatmisuseofChatGPT.Overthelastcoupleyears,TianhasbeenstudyinganAIsystemcalledGPT-3,apredecessortoChatGPTthatwaslessuser-friendlyandlargelyinaccessibletothegeneralpublicbecauseitwasbehindapaywall.Aspartofhisstudiesthisfallsemester,TianresearchedhowtodetecttextwrittenbytheAIsystemwhileworkingatPrinceton’sNaturalLanguageProcessingLab.Then,asthesemesterwascomingtoaclose,OpenAI,thecompanybehindGPT-3andotherAItools,releasedChatGPTtothepublicforfree.Forthemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhohaveuseditsince,interactingwiththetechnologyhasbeenlikegettingapeekintothefuture;afuturethatnottoolongagowouldhaveseemedlikesciencefiction.Formanyusersofthenewtechnology,wondermentquicklyturnedtoalarm.How-manyjobswillthiskill?Willthisempowernefarious(恶意的)actorsandfurthercorruptourpublicdiscourse(公共话语)?Howwillthisdisruptoureducationsystem?WhatisthepointoflearningtowriteessaysatschoolwhenAI-whichisexpectedtogetexponentiallybetterinthenearfuture-candothatforus?Tianhadanidea.Whatifheappliedwhathehadlearnedatschooloverthelastcoupleyearstohelpthepublicidentifywhethersomethinghasbeenwrittenbyamachine?Tianalreadyhadtheknow-howandeventhesoftwareonhislaptoptocreatesuchaprogram.Ironically,thissoftware,calledGitHubCo-Pilot,ispoweredbyGPT-3.Withitsassistance,Tianwasabletocreateanewappwithinthreedays.It’satestamenttothepowerofthistechnologytomakeusmoreproductive.OnJanuary2nd,TianreleasedhisappGPTZero.ItbasicallyusesChatGPTagainstitself,checkingwhether“there’szeroinvolvementoralotofinvolvement”oftheAIsystemincreatingagiventext.
10WhenTianwenttobedthatnight,hedidn’texpectmuchforhisapp.Whenhewokeup,hisphonehadblownup.HesawcountlesstextsandDMsfromjournalists,principals,teachers,younameit,fromplacesasfarawayasFranceandSwitzerland.Hisapp,whichishostedbyafreeplatform,becamesopopularitcrashed.Excitedbythepopularityandpurposeofhisapp,thehostingplatformhassincegrantedTiantheresourcesneededtoscaletheapp’sservicestoamassaudience.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutGPT-3?A.It’sdesignedandresearchedbyEdwardTianinPrincetonUniversityB.Notmanyordinarypeoplehaveuseditbecauseitisnotfree.C.ItisinthesameAIsystemseriesasChatGPTandGPTZero.D.Itusedtobelessuser-friendlythanChatGPTbuthasoutdoneitnow.67.WondermentatChatGPTquicklyturnedtoalarmbecausemanyusershavethefollowingconcernsoverChatGPTEXCEPT_______.A.AImayreplacehumanbeingsinthefuturewhenitcomestowritingessays.B.Actorsmayturnbadorevenevilifthenewtechnologyisadoptedinacting.C.Theeducationsystemmaybebadlyimpactedbythemisuseofthenewtechnology.DManypeoplemaybeoutofemploymentbecauseofthenewtechnology.68.PrincipalsandteachersmaygetinterestedinEdwardTian’snewappprobablybecause_______.A.theappishostedbyafreeplatformwhichisverypopular.B.theyknowmanyjournalistsarealsoveryinterestedinit.C.theyareeagertosharetheresourcesEdwardTianisgranted.D.theyareworriedaboutthepossibilityofstudentscheatinginwriting.69.WhichofthefollowingexpressionscanbestdescribetheprinciplebehindGPTZero?A.Harmset,harmget.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C.Fightamanwithhisownweapon.D.Greatmindsthinkalike.(B)HotAirBalloonSydneyFor2,WeekendFlightINCLUDESFULLGOURMETBREAKFAST
11Item:HO12955TALocation:WindsorSydneyOurPrice:$299(perpersonforgroupsof2)·HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou)·NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY!YOURFULLGOURMETBREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE·TravelwiththeTourismAwardwinnerswithover20yearsofexperience·FloatoverbeautifulHawkesburyValley·ColourflightcertificateExperiencethewonderofaHotAirBalloonFlightfor2people.Risingbeforedawn,youcanjointhecrewinunpackingandpreparingtheballoonforflight-whichisaspectacleinitselft.Afteranexcitinglaunch,you’lldriftwiththewindsilentlyovertheparklands,homesandhillsoftheHawkesburyregionofSydney.HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.Thelaunchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesburyValley.Theadventurebeginsbyinflatingtheballoonusingagiantportablefan.Oncetheballoonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.ThehotairinsideislighterthanthecoolairoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.Passengersarewelcometoassistthepilotandcrewwithinflatingthehotairballoonatthelaunchsite,whichonlytakesabout20minutes.TheHotAirBalloonFlightfor2isbothpicturesqueandpeaceful.Youhearverylittlesoundfromtheawakeningworldbelow.Thesilenceisonlybrokenwithblastsfromthepropaneburnerheatingtheairinyourballoontokeepyoucruisingacrosstheskies.Watchasthesunburstsfromthehorizonandpaintstheskypinkinaspectacularmorningsunrise.Totopoffthemorningyou’llcelebratewithafullgourmetbreakfast.Thisadventureisfor2people.Therewillbeotherpeopleintheballoonbasketwithyou.HotAirBalloonflightstakeplaceatsunrise.TheexacttimeofyourHotAirBalloonflightexperiencewillvarybaseduponthetimeofyearandwillbesenttoyouuponbooking70.WhydoesHotAirBallooningbeginbeforedawn?A.Touristsneedn’tqueuefortheflight.B.Theairatthattimeiscoolerandmorestable.
12C.Touristscanseethespectacularsunriseinthesky.D.Travelershavetostarttheadventurewiththeirstomachempty.71.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheHotAirBalloonFlight?①Inflatetheballoon②Heattheairinside③DriftovertheHawkesburyregion④Theballoonrisesintothesky⑤LighttheburnerA.⑤②④①③B.②⑤①④③C.①④⑤②③D.①⑤②④③72.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A.HotAirBallooningtakesplaceatafixedtimeearlyinthemorning,butthelaunchsitemayvary.B.PassengersoftheHotAirBallooningshouldn’tdoanythingexceptenjoythespectacularview.C.DuringtheHotAirBalloonFlightyou’llhearawakeningsoundsfrombelow,besidestheairblasts.D.ApersonwhohasexperiencedtheHotAirBalloonFlightcangetacolorcertificate.(C)OneofthejoysofgrowingupintheleafysuburbsofLondonwasthefreedomoflivinginsideawood.Thestreetwheremyparents’housesitsrunsthroughonecomerofEppingForest,acarefullymanicured(修剪的)greenbelttoretainasenseofunspoiltwilderness.Asaresult,mybrotherandIwereimmediatelyabletogooutofourbackgatetoclimbtrees,builddensinthebushesandswingonropeshungfromboughs.Mythreeboysalsohaveaplace,calledGlamisAdventurePlayground,wheretheycaneasilyescapetheirparents,swingonropes,andevenpitchtentsforanovernightcamp,despitegrowingupinoneoftheUK’smostdeprivedanddenselypopulatedboroughs.It’sanoasisoffunforyoungpeopleconstructedonawastelandwiththeaimofenablingchildrentocreatetheirownfun.Thetragedy,however,isthattheymaybethelastgenerationofinner-citykidstoexperiencesuchfreedom.AdventureplaygroundssuchasGlamisarenowanendangeredspecies,accordingtorecentresearchbyPlayEngland,whichfoundthat15percentofthe147sitesinoperationjustfiveyearsagoarenowshut.Manyoftheplaygrounds,runbylocalauthorities,wouldendupgettingkilledoffbyfundingcutsbeguninthewakeofthe2008financialcrisis.Buteventhosethatstillsurvivetodayremainatriskduetohealthandsafetyconcernsandadownplayingbygovernmentofplayasanessentialpartofthedevelopmentalprocess,accordingtoPlayEnglandchairoftrustees
13AnitaGrant.“Adventureplaygroundsarebuiltontrust,autonomyandfreedombychildrenmakingtheirowngameswithouttheadultstellingthemwhattodo,”Grantsays.“Butthereisanewwayofdiscussingplaywherepeopletalkaboutlearningthroughplay.Assoonasyoustartviewingplaylikethis,assomethingthatneedsoutcomes,itstopsbeingplayforchildren.”Anotherthreattoadventureplaygroundsismoreperniciousthanfundingcuts:afearaboutlettingchildrenoutontheirowntoplay.Researchconductedin2020fortheBritishChildren’sPlaySurveyfoundtheaverageagechildrenwereallowedoutontheirownwas11,twoyearslaterthantheirparents’generation.“Theprofessionalizationofparenting”—theideathatthereisarecipeforchildrenbecomingwell-roundedadultsthathasencouragedmumsanddadstomicromanagetheiroffspring—istoblame.“Takingrisksisareallyimportantpartofachild’sdevelopmentbutthatoftenconflictswithwhatpeoplefeelistheirresponsibilityasparents,”Doddsays.“Freedomofplayisundervaluedbecausewewantourchildrentogetanewskillthatwecanputonsocialmediaandbragabout.”Typically,childrenmustnowplayinawaythatisbeingdefinedbyadults.73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhyadventureplaygroundsarebecomingrare?A.Parentstendtobeafraidoflettingkidsplayoutsidebythemselvesforsafety’ssake.B.Parentsandkidsareswitchingtheirattentionfromadventureplaygroundstosocialmedia.C.Theessentialroleofplayinthedevelopmentalprocessisundervaluedbythegovernment.D.thelocalauthoritiesrunningtheseadventureplaygroundshaveeconomicdifficulties.74.Theexpression“inthewakeof”inParagraph3maymean________.AirrelevanttoB.comparedwithC.comingafterD.independentof75.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.Parentsagreeonastandarddefinitionofplay,whichshouldn’tinvolverisk-taking.B.Parentsthinksocialmediacanhelptheirkidsacquirenewskillsthattheycanbragabout.C.Parentsprefertoconsultaprofessionalrecipesothattheirkidsmaybecomewell-roundedadults.D.Parentsinvolvethemselvestoomuchinchildren’splayinthenameofparentalresponsibility.76.Thebesttitleofthispassagemaybe________.A.Children’splay,nowadaysagrown-upmatter.B.Children’splay,barelyanessentialpartofdevelopment.C.Children’splay,definitelyalearningprocess.D.Children’splay,alwaysanundervaluedskill.
14SectionB(8’)Direction:Inthearticle,4sentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosethemostsuitableonesfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.ThereareTWOwhichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.TeachingChildrenaboutForgivenessIfyou’veseenyourchildrenstruggletoforgivesomeoneforhurtingthem,youknowthatforgivenessiscomplicated.Afterall,forgivenessiscomplicatedforadults,too.Attimes,wewonderwhywe’retryingtoforgivesomeoneanyway.____77____Indeed,ittakesmanyyearsforustograspthemeaningofforgivenessaswegrowup.It’sunderstandablethatchildrenmayfeelhurtorangrywhenafrienddoessomethingless-than-kindtothem.____78____Childrenmaybetemptedtogetevenwithafriendwho’sdonethemwrong,bydoingsomethingworseortellingeveryonehowterriblethefriendis,buttryingtogetrevengeonlyescalatestheconflict.Parentscanplayanimportantroleinteachingchildrenaboutforgiveness.____79____Dotheycomplaintoothersorspeakdirectlytothepersoninvolved?Howlongdoesittakethemtogetoverbeingmadorhurt?Howdotheygetoverit?Parentscanteachtheirchildrenaboutthevalueofforgivenessbyregularlypracticingitintheirownlives.____80____Forexample,childrenneedtounderstandthatnooneisperfect,sogenerouslyforgivingawell-meaningfriendisacaringthingtodo.Ifparentscanhelpchildrenseethingsalittlemorefromotherpeople’sperspective,thiswillmakeforgivenesseasier.Theseconversationscanchangethewaychildrenthinkaboutforgivenessandhelpthememotionallyrecoverwhentheyinevitablyexperienceharmandunfairtreatmentfromothersinlife.A.Mosttimesweknowmentalbalanceappliestowardsgoodhealth.andsincehealthiswealth,on-the-spotforgivenessisthewaytogo.B.Sometimesparentscantalkwiththeirchildrenaboutforgiveness,basedonwherekidsareintheircognitiveandemotionaldevelopment.C.Maybethefriendsaidsomethingunkindorbrokesomethingprecious,embarrassedthem,excludedthem,ortoldtheirsecrets.D.Later,wemightthinkwe’veforgiventhem,onlytoexperienceasuddenburstofanger.E.Childrenwatchhowimportantadultsintheirlivesrespondwhensomeonedoessomethingunkind.F.Parentsteachtheirchildrenbasedontheirownpersonalexperiences,skillfullymakingsuretheirchildrenunderstand“eyeforeye,andtoothfortooth”.
15Ⅵ.Summary(10’)81.Direction:Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TobeornottobeEntrepreneursAfriendofminewasoncesoinspiredbyhisownstart-upconceptthathepulledouthisphone,checkedtheavailabilityofhispreferredURL,andregisteredthedomainnameonthespot.SimilarscenesplayoutatlotsofbusinessschoolsintheUSA.ThemajorityofMBAstudentsrangeinagefromthemid-20stothe30s;withallthediscussionofstart-upsandnewbusinesses,itwouldseemthatthey’relivingtheMillennialdreamofentrepreneurship.Butitseemsmoreoftenthannotthesedays,thestartupideasfailtotakeoff.WhenIcheckonmypeers’start-upproposalsafterafewweeks,Ioftenfindthattheirideashavebeenabandoned,andthatmyclassmatesarefocusedontheirsteadycorporatejobs.ResearchsuggestsentrepreneurialactivityhasdeclinedamongMillennialstoalmostaquarter-centurylow.MoreMillennialsbelievetheycanhaveasuccessfulcareerbystayingatonecompanyandattemptingtoclimbtheladderthanbyfoundinganewone.Someofthereasonshavebeenwell-documented.Theromanticviewofentrepreneurshipinvolvesangelinvestorsandventurecapitalfunds,butinfact,theordinaryentrepreneurismorelikelytofundastart-upusingpersonalsavings—somethingunderemployedMillennialssimplycouldnotbuildastheyenteredtheworkforceduringorintheimmediatewakeoftheGreatRecession.Fundingfromfriendsandfamilyisthenextmostcommonsource,butthispersonalnetworkcouldnothelpmuchduringthemostrecenteconomicdownturn,whensomuchhomeequitywasunderwater.Lately,though,itseemsthateventhosewhomighttypicallyhaveaccesstootherformsoffunding,likeventurecapital,arehavingahardtimegettinginvestors’attention.Whileamobileappcanmakeforadecentsidehustletoaregularcorporatejob,itwon’tturnintothenextAppleorGoogle,andAmericaninvestorsknowthat.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________VII.Translation(20’:3+4+4+4+5)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.82.该娱乐报刊声称即将发表一份影评以致敬这位已故的科幻电影导演。(It...)(汉译英)
1683.在室内养一些心仪的绿植既有助于人们放松心情，缓解压力，又能净化空气，延年益寿，可谓居家必备。(Notonly...)(汉译英)84.从前休闲是地位的象征，因为只有富裕的人才有资格消磨时间，但时至今日忙碌才是正道，因为社会上越优秀的人越忙碌。（afford）（汉译英）85.多种多样的素食受到世界上数以百万计人的喜爱，知道因为自己的饮食习惯而改善了动物福利是他们成为素食者最大的动力。(whose)(汉译英)86.时近傍晚，强风夹着暴雨，登山更困难了，但面临这样巨大的挑战时登山者们都拿出了勇气继续前进，不管他们的向导怎么说，怎么想。(accompany;regardless)(汉译英)
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