2021-2022学年湖南省部分学校高二（下）学科竞赛英语试卷（附答案详解）

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2021-2022
ᓭḕᑖ᪥ᔁAOneEarthAwardAboutthisawardSponsoredbytheOneEarthFund,theOneEarthAwardoffers$1,000scholarshipsforfourstudentswhoseworksaddressthepressingissueofhuman-causedclimatechange.WhyshouldIcreateartorwritingaboutclimatechange?Someconsequencesofclimatechangeincludesea-levelrise,increaseinairpollution,huiTicane,droughts,extremeweather,andrisingtemperatures,amongothers.Yourworkcanadvanceourthoughtsaboutclimatechangeandourunderstandingofsolutions.ltcanalsoimproveawarenessofactionsthatwecantake,inordertoreducetheharmthathumanactionhasonourenvironment.HowdoIapply?EnteryourworktoanycategoryintheScholasticArt&WritingAwards.Whenselectingthecategoryofyourwork,choosetheOneEarthAward.Youwillberequiredtoincludeapersonalstatementonyourwork.WhatshouldIwriteforthepersonalstatement?Yourpersonalstatementshouldbe50wordsormoreandanswerthefollowingquestionsWhatspecificaspectofclimatechangedoesyourworkaddress?Whatisyourpersonalconnectiontothisaspectofclimatechange,andwhydoyouthinktalkingaboutclimatechangeisimportant?GettingstartedonyourworkTheseresourcescanhelpyoulearnaboutclimatechangeandcreateyourownartandwritingaboutit.ConsiderhowpoetstalkaboutclimatechangewiththePoetryFoundation.ExplorevisualartactivitiesandwritingactivitiesfromtheTeacher'sClimateGuide.TrywritingexercisesdevelopedbyEnglishTeachersConcernedaboutClimateCrisis.1.WhatisthefirstthingtodotogettheOneEarthAward?A.ChoosingtheOneEarthAward.B.ContactingtheOneEarthFund.C.Presentingthepersonalstatement.D.VisitingtheScholasticArt&WritingAwards.2.Whatshouldbeincludedaboutclimatechangeinyourpersonalstatement?A.Whatactionyouwilltake.B.Whatyouareconcernedabout.C.Whyyourworkisimportant.D.Whatsuggestionyouwillmake.3.Whichpartofthetextintendstoprovidehelpinfinishingyourwork?

1A.HowdoIapply?B.Aboutthisaward.C.Gettingstartedonyourwork.D.WhatshouldIwriteforthepersonalstatement?BLunchhouriscrazyatSAMECafe,therestaurantmyhusband,Brad,andIruninDenver.Onedayawomandressedinabusinessoutfitᝅsteppedin."Hi,Libby,"shesaid.Irecognizedher.Thefirsttimeshecametwoyearsago,shehadnomoneytopayforameal.Noproblem.Likemanycustomers,shevolunteeredtowork.Afterhermeal,shewasheddishes.Lookathernow.IstoleaglanceatBrad,inthekitchen.Wasn'tthiswhatwe'dhopedfor?In2015,onaflighthomefromTexas,we*dhatchedthiscrazydream.We'dbothdonealotofvolunteeringatsoupkitchens.ltwassomethingwefeltcalledtodo,feedingthepoor."Iwishwecouldstartourownplace,"Isaid."Nocashregisterᦈ.Justadonationboxonthecounter.""Whydon'twe?"Bradsaid.Itwouldbeacharity,butwedidn'twantourdinerstothinkofitasacharity,"Iftheycan'tpay,"Bradsaid,"theycanhelpwashdishesorsweepthefloor.Wemusttreatpeople.Ourfirstcustomerwasawomaninherforties.Shetoldmeshewasrecentlydivorcedandsheandhertwokidshadnoplaceoftheirown."CouldIhaveasalad?usheasked.Ibroughtheraplateofgreenswithfreshfruitandnuts.Hereyesgrewwide.ThesearethefirstfreshvegetablesI'vehadinfourmonths,1'sheexclaimed.Thatalonemadeourstrugglestoopenthecafeworthit.SAMEisshortforourbeliefSoAllMayEat.CustomerscameforBrad'scooking.Buttheyalsolikedwhatourcafestoodfor."WhatdoIoweyou?”onecustomerasked.MWhateveryouthinkthemeal'sworth,MIsaid,"andwhateveryoucanafford."Mostcustomersgavewhattheycould,evenifitwasjustadollar.Somethingwasdifferentaboutthewomanthatday.Somethingbesidesheroutfit.Shestoppedatthecounterandorderedgreenswithsun-driedtomatoes,andahamandpineapplepizza."Ihavesomethingtotellyou,'*shesaid,"ThelasttimeIwashere,!startedtalkingtoawomanrdmetherebefore.Shesaid,'There'sanopeninginmyoffice.Whydon'tyoucomeinandapply?*Idid-Igotthejob!"Iknewwhatwasdifferentabouther-confidence.Sheopenedherpurse."Icanpaynow.HowcanIeverthankyou?”"Youjustdid,"Isaid.4.WhatdidtheauthorandherhusbanddoatsoupkitchensinTexas?A.Theylearnedhowtocook.B.Theyhelpedfeedthehungry.C.Theytrainedthevolunteers.D.Theymadealivingthere.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedpartuwithdignity"?A.Withrespect.B.Withpity.C.Withcare.D.Witheffort.2⚓ᐳ19⚓

26.WhatisspecialaboutSAMECafe?A.Customerscanpayastheylike.B.Customersneedn'tpayforameal.C.Customershelpwithcharitywork.D.Customersgetpaidfbrwhattheydo.7.Whatdidtheauthorreallymeanwhenshesaid"Youjustdid"?A.Thewomanpaidforhermeal.B.Thewomanexpressedherthanks.C.Thewomanhelpedtowashdishes.D.Thewomangaveherwhatshehadhopedfor.cWhendrawingscientists,U.S.childrennowdepictfemalescientistsmoreoftenthanever,accordingtonewNorthwesternUniversityresearch,whichhasanalyzedfivedecadesof"Draw-A-Scientist"studiesconductedsincethe1960s.Thischangesuggeststhatchildren'sstereotypes!"ᓺ$linkingsciencewithmenhaveweakenedovertime,saidtheresearchers,consistentwithmorewomenbecomingscientistsandchildren'smediadepictingmorefemalescientistsontelevisionshowsandothermedia.Inthefirststudy.conductedbetween1968and1979,lessthanonepercentof5,000childrendrewanimageresemblingawomanwhenaskedtodrawascientistAlmostalltheirartworkdepictedmenworkingwithlaboratoryequipment,oftenwithlabcoats,glassesandfacialhair.Butinlaterstudies1988to2019
28percentofchildrendrewafemalescientist,onaverage.Inaddition,bothgirlsandboysdrewfemalescientistsmoreoftenovertime,thoughgirlsoveralldrewfemalescientistsmuchmoreoftenthanboys.HOurresultssuggestthatchildren'sstereotypeschangeaswomen'sandmen*sroleschangeinsociety,*'saidstudyleadauthorDavidMiller,"Childrenstilldrawmoremalethanfemalescientists,butthatisexpectedbecausewomenremainaminorityinseveralsciencefields.1'Theresearchersalsostudiedhowchildrenformstereotypesaboutscientistsacrosschilddevelopment.Theresultssuggestedchildrendidnotassociatesciencewithmenuntilgradeschool%aroundage5,theydrewroughlyequalpercentagesofmaleandfemalescientists.Duringelementaryandmiddleschool,thetendencytodrawmalescientistsincreasedstronglywithage.Olderchildrenwerealsomorelikelytodrawscientistswithlabcoatsandglasses,suggestingthatchildrenlearnotherstereotypesastheymature."Thesechangesacrosschildren'sagelikelyreflectthatchildren'sexposuretomalescientistsaccumulatesduringdevelopment,eveninrecentyears,"saidMiller.HTobuildonculturalchanges,teachersandparentsshouldpresentchildrenwithmultipleexamplesoffemalescientistsacrossmanycontextssuchassciencecourses,televisionshowsandinformalconversations,'1Millersaid.8.Whatisthechangeinchildrendrawingscientists?

3A.Childrendrawmoremalescientists.B.Childrendrawmorefemalescientists.C.Girlsdrawmorescientiststhanboys.D.Childrendrawmorefemalethanmalescientists.9.WhatdoesMillerthinkofchildrendrawingmoremalescientiststhanfemalescientists?A.Ifsnotsurprising.B.It'snotreasonable.C.Ifsunexpected.D.It*snotacceptable.10.Whatdoesparagraph6mainlytalkabout?A.Howchildrendeveloptheirdrawings.B.Howchildren'sstereotypeschangewithage.C.Whychildrendrawmoremalescientists.D.Whatscientistslooklikeinchildren'sdrawings.11.AccordingtoMiller,howcanwemakechildrendrawmorefemalescientists?A.Byencouragingchildrentoattendsciencecourses.B.Byencouragingchildrentobecomescientistsinthefuture.C.Bygivingchildrenanexampleofdrawingfemalescientists.D.Bymakingfemalescientistsknowntochildreninvarioussituations.DChinesespeakershavegotanewthingtobeproudof.ThelanguagetheyarespeakingismoredifficultthanEnglish.UnderstandingChineserequiresbothsidesofthebrain,butEnglishspeakerslistenwithonlyhalftheirmindsonthejob,UKscientistssay.UKpsychologistSophieScottandresearchersfromhospitalsinOxfordandLondonperformedbrainscansonastheylistenedtotheirnativelanguages.WhenEnglishspeakersheardthesoundoftheirlanguage,theleftpartsoftheirbrainslituponscreen.WhenChinesespeakersheardtheirnativetongue,therewasanactioninboththerightandleftsides."Wewereverysurprisedtodiscoverthatpeoplewhospeakdifferentsortsoflanguagesusetheirbrainstodecodespeechindifferentways/'saidScott.Theleftsideisnormallyconnectedwithputtingsoundstogetherintowords%therightwithprocessingmelody&'
inmusicandspeech,sothispart'lightsup"whenEnglishspeakershearmusic.TheresearchersdonotyetknowwhethertherightsideisactiveinEnglishspeakerswhentheyhearChinese.InChinesesdifferentintonation'deliversadifferentmeaningthesyllable&⁚Hmauforinstance,canmeanmother,hemp)horseorscoldaccordingtoitsmusicalsound."Speechreallyisacomplexsound/*saidScott.nAswellasunderstandingwords,thebrainusesthewayinwhichwordsarespoken,suchasintonationandmelody,toturnspokenlanguageintomeaning."4⚓ᐳ19⚓

4*'WethinkChinesespeakersinterpretintonationandmelodyintherightsidesoftheirbrainstogivecorrectmeaningtothespokenwords."Thestudysuggeststhatlanguageitselfmightaffectthewaythebraindevelopsinayoungchild.ltcouldexplainwhynativespeakersofEnglishfinditsoextraordinaryhardtolearnChinese.12.Whatdoestheunderlined'Volunteers'1inparagraph3referto?A.Chinesespeakers.B.Englishspeakers.C.Peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguages.D.ResearchersandChineseandEnglishspeakers.13.WhichcanbestexplainwhyunderstandingChineserequiresbothsidesofthebrain?A.Music.B.Meanings.C.Intonationandmelody.D.Thewaythebraindevelops.14.WhydonativeEnglishspeakersfindithardtolearnChinese?A.Theleftsidesoftheirbrainsarenotusedforlanguage.B.Theycanhardlyunderstandwordswhenthereismusic.C.Therightsidesoftheirbrainsareneverusedinchildhood.D.Theycanhardlyunderstandwordsintherightsideofthebrain.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtheBrainRespondstoMusic.B.HowtheBrainRespondstoChinese.C.TheBrainRespondstoLanguagesDifferently.D.TheTwoSidesoftheBrainWorkDifferently.BloodWaterMissionBloodWaterMissionisfoundedbytheGrammyAward-winningband,JarsofClay.পAndBloodWaterMissionisoneofthemwithamissiontohelpcommunitiestofightagainsttheHIV/AIDSandwatercrisis.(2)SoBloodWaterMissionhaslaunchedthe1,000WellsProjectasanation-widemovementtoraiseenoughmoneytoprovidecleanwaterto1000communitiesinAfricabasedontheequation(,-)that$1providesoneAfricanwithcleanwaterforanentireyear.(3)Itincludesavarietyofcleanwatersolutionsandsanitation(/0)training,aswellasfundinghealthclinics,whichhelpintheprevention,treatment,careandsupportofcommunitiesaffectedbyAIDS.Theresultsofoureffortspaintanewpictureinthesecommunities.Therehasbeenaremarkableimprovementinthewatersituationandcommunityhealth.(4)Womenandchildrennolongerwalkseveralmilesadaytogetwater.Villageleadershavetheresourcesandtrainingtobringsanitationandhealthcareintotheircommunities.Water-relateddiseaseshavedisappeared.ThosewithAIDSarelivinglongerlives.

5(5)Intheprocess,welearnabouthowAIDSaffectsAfricancommunities.ByconnectingwiththepeopleinAfrica,wearedevelopingsocialresponsibility.Inthemeanwhile,BloodWaterMission'smovementengagesAmericansinsocialjusticeandthoughtfulaction.It'sabeautifulstory.Weinviteyoutobeasmallpartofalarger,beautifulstory.A.Cleanwaterwellshavebeenbuilt.B.Mostchildrengettheopportunitytogotoschool.C.ThereisavitallinkbetweenHIV/AIDSandcleanwater.D.Meanwhile,the1,000WellsProjecthasexpandedalongtheway.E.BloodWaterMissionhasalsocreatedsocialeffectsintheUnitedStates.F.BIoodWaterMissionhasdevelopedaclosefriendshipwiththesecommunities.G.Therearemanyprojectsprovidingmuch-neededassistancetoAfricancommunities.16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GWhileIwasinourgardenyesterdaymorning,!sawalittlenewbornbirdthatappearedtohavejustfallenfromatree.Iwasamazedathowtinyitwas,withitslittle(21)openandlookingallaround.SoI(22)anditjuststayedthereinmyhandandopeneditsmouthreallywide."Ohyes,it's(23),"Isaidtomyself.SoIfeditwithsometinypiecesofbread.AlthoughIcouldn'tseeanyphysical(24)ofinjury,itwasobviousthatitwashurt.Itookthebirdintothehouseandtookcareofit,hourafterhour.Ijustwantedittoget(25)andreunitewithitsparents.Thismoming,assoonasthebird(26)myhandonitslittlehead,itopeneditsmouthsowide.ltamazedmehowitwould(27)outsideandthenlookforme.ltwasthecutestthingever!Ihaven'tbeenso(28)formonths.Ispoketoitandtolditthatitwasmeanttoflyandbefree,nottobe(29)behindorhurtbyhumansoranimals.Luckily,1(30)tofindthenestinthegardenandplacedthelittlebirdbackinit.Iwasoveijoyedtoseethatitsparents(31)totakecareofitassoonasIleft.Thelittlebird'spresenceinmylifewas(32).Itmadememeltwithjustonelook!Itwassotiny,andso(33).Whenitwantedfood,itwouldtrytomovearoundandflybutcouldn'tjnawayIfeelthesamewaywith(34),whenyouknowyouaresupposedtobeflyinghighandyoufeelstuckandjustwanttohavea(35)togiveyousomehopethatthingswillbebettertomorrow.21.A.mouthB.wingsC.eyesD.feathers6⚓ᐳ19⚓

622.A.putitdownB.tookitinC.gotitbackD.pickeditup23.A.hungryB.tiredC.lonelyD.scared24.A.signB.effectC.reasonD.signal25.A.happierB.biggerC.fasterD.better26.A.rememberedB.feltC.sawD.needed27.A.flyB.arriveC.catD.look28.A.amusedB.puzzledC.touchedD.inspired29.A.thrownB.leftC.takenD.moved30.A.managedB.intendedC.continuedD.decided31.A.cameB.waitedC.stoppedD.offered32.A.commonB.unexpectedC.greatD.strange33.A.helpfulB.aliveC.cleverD.careful34.A.healthB.knowledgeC.natureD.life35.A.strongbodyB.helpinghandC.kindheartD.warmsmile36.Confuciusoncesaid"Studyingandguidingmystudentswillnevertireme.nHewouldbemorethangladtoknowthat2,500yearslaterhisideas(1)(spread)worldwideandevenbeentranslatedintootherlanguages.BenGiaimo,(2)isaninternationalstudentfromChicago,isnowpursuingamaster'sdegreeatShaanxiNormalUniversity.MajoringinancientChinesephilosophyandliterature,heব(attract)byancientChineseculture,especiallyLunyu,abookbyConfucius,(4)ancientChineseeducatorandphilosopher.While(5)(read)thebookLunyu,BenfoundthatConfuciusislikeoneofhisoldfriendsSantaClaus."Confuciusbringswisdom,andhebringswisdomtoeveryonewhoisa(6)(true)goodperson.AndSantabringspresentstoeveryonewhoisniceandrespectful,"Benexplained."SoItookthiswholebook(7)translatedallofitintoEnglish,intowordsthatpeoplecanunderstand,"hesaid,Fromtimetotime,BenwouldturntohisChineseroommatetodiscusswhetherhehadmadeaproper(8)(translate).''AmericaandChinaaretwobig(9)(power)intheworldnow.Theyneedtoworktogetherandbetterunderstandeachother(10)(benefit)fromeachother,nsaidBen."It'llbeareallybigimpactonthewholeworld.'1(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)

7(8)(9)37.Ꮇ345675᪥8Ḅ:;<஺4>?@ABCDE0F▅HIJḄᦻL஺MN4>Ḅ᜜ᦟMr.BrownᑏRSTᑁVᒹX1.4>Ḅᡭ[%2.▅HḄ\⌕ឋ%3.0ᙠ▅H`☢bᙠḄBCcd%4.MMr.BrownFefg஺hi1.ᑏjkᦪmn80op%2.Mᢥ᝞s-ᙠt⚪ᓱḄwmxyjt஺DearMr.Brown,I'mwritingtoaskyouforafavor.Yourssincerely,LiHua38.SacrificingHairforaFriendMyseven-year-olddaughterSuelookedfrightenedwithtearsinhereyes.Infrontofherwasabowlofmedicine,whichtastedsobitter."Sue,whydon'tyoutakethemedicine?JustforDad'ssake,dear."Suesoftenedabit.HDad,ifItakethemedicine,willyougivemewhateverIaskfor?""Ohsure,darling/*Ireplied,"Promise?“"Promise.”Slowlyandpainfully,shefinishedtakingthemedicineandthenlookedatmewithhereyeswidewithexpectation.HDad,Iwanttohavemyheadshavedoffᑻᐝᜮ
thisSunday!n"Agirlchildhavingherheadshavedoff?Whydon*tyouaskforsomethingelse?Wewillbesadseeingyouwithaclean-shavenhead,"Isaid.Idonotwantanythingelse,“Suesaidwithfinality."Dad,youpromisedtogivemewhateverIaskfor.Wasitnotyouwhotoldmeastoryyesterday,anditsmoralthatweshouldhonorourpromisesnomatterwhat?iiIhadtogivein.OnMondaymorning,!droppedheratherschool.ltwasasighttowatchmydaughterwalkingtowardsherclassroomwithherheadclean-shaven.Sheturnedaroundandwaved.Iwavedbackwithasmile.Justthen,aboygotoutofacar,andshouted,"Sue,pleasewaitforme!"Whatstruckmewasthehairlessheadofthatboy.Thenaladygotoutofthecar,andsaidtome,"Sir,thatboyismysonMike,andyourdaughtervisitedhimlastweek.Mikeissufferingfromleukemia}⊈.Helostallhishairduetothesideeffectsofthechemotherapyᓄᶭ
.Herefusedtocomebacktoschoolforfearthathewouldbemadefunofbytheschoolmates.'*8⚓ᐳ19⚓

8hi1.ᑏkᦪmn150op%2.Mᢥ᝞s-ᙠt⚪ᓱḄwmxyjt஺"Yourdaughterisgreatindeed!ntheladycontinued.Sue'sstoryspreadquicklyandsoonmanyotherchildrenshowedtheircareforMikeinvariousways.

9tᫀ᪆1~3.ூtᫀ௃AஹBஹCூ᪆௃1A.⁚ᳮ⚪஺᪷HowdoIapply?ḄWhenselectingthecategoryofyourwork,choosetheOneEarthAward.⌱jM⌱”Bᙢᳫ”ᝄ஺“Bᙢᳫ"ᝄḄBT¡5⌱“Bᙢᳫ”ᝄ஺ᦑ⌱A஺2
B.£ᳮᑨ¥⚪஺᪷Yourpersonalstatementshouldbe50wordsᦻḄWhatspecificaspectofclimatechangedoesyourworkaddress?Whatisyourpersonalconnectiontothisaspectofclimatechange,andwhydoyouthinktalkingaboutclimatechangeisimportant?4Ḅ¦j§¨©᎛«ᓄḄ¬Cᐹ®`☢¯4<°©᎛«ᓄḄ±B`☢ᨵ³´ὶ¶¯n³´4·n¸¹©᎛«ᓄº\⌕¯»¼ᙠ<½¾m¿▊¾4¦j0ÁᐵÃḄᑁV஺ᦑ⌱Bo3
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A.!"⚪஺᪷%&'(Itwouldbeacharity,butwedidn'twantourdinerstothink,ofitasacharity."Iftheycan'tpay,"Bradsaid,"theycanhelpwashdishesorsweepthefloor.Wemusttreatpeoplewithdignity.*+,-⚗᠄ᗐ123ᡃ5678ᡃ5Ḅ9:;,-⚗᠄ᗐ12஺”᝞>?5@6AB"DEF"?5GHIJộᡈMᙢ஺ᡃ5OPQᨵST஺I,withdignityḄU"ᨵST"஺A.Withrespect.VᨵSTWB.Withpily.VḼ⍡ZWCWithcare.VḼᐵ\WD.Wilheffort.]^஺ᦑ⌱A஺3
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114
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