湖南省郴州市苏仙区多校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上联考测试英语（解析版）

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2022-2023学年苏仙区高二上学期多校线上期末联考英语试卷一、选择题(共20题，每小题2.5分，共50分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARecentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn’tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability(可持续性)Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解胶体)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻类)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹饪原料).3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday’sbreadfromthesupermarket,you’deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste(糊状物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquite第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1time-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycomplexways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.1.Whatbenefitdoes3Dprintingbringtofoodproduction?A.Ithelpscookstocreatenewdishes.B.Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.C.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.D.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.2.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3?A.Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.B.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.C.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.D.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.3.AccordingtoParagraph4,3D-printedfood________.A.ismoreavailabletoconsumersB.canmeetindividualnutritionalneedsC.ismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketsD.cankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterials【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术的新发展——打印食物，并详细介绍了与3D打印相关的食品生产、可持续发展、营养以及挑战。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Foodproduction部分下的“Witha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.(通过3D打印机，厨师可以打印出复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的蛋糕装饰品。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但打印机可以让它变得简单。西班牙的一家餐厅使用Foodini来“重新创造”“完全相同”的食物形式和片段，让厨师们有时间完成其他任务。)”可推断出，3D打印技术能节省厨师烹饪的时间和精力，故选B。第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解胶体)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻类)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹饪原料).(一些专家认为，打印机可以使用来自大量可再生能源，如藻类和草类的亲水胶体来取代人们熟悉的成分。)”可知，3D食品打印使用可再生材料作为食物来源。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中““Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.”(“食品打印可以让消费者打印出定制营养成分的食品，如维生素。”)”可知，3D食品打印能满足个人的营养需求，故选B。BWhenAnikaPurivisitedIndiawithherfamilyfouryearsago,shewassurprisedtocomeacrossamarketinBombayfilledwithrowsofivoryjewelry(象牙饰品)andstatues.Globally,ivorytradehasbeenillegalformorethan30years,andelephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.“Iwasquiteshocked,”the17-year-oldfromNewYork,recalls,“Becausepoaching(偷猎)isillegal,howcomeitisstillsuchabigissue?”Curious,Purididsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingstatistic:Africa’sforestelephantpopulationhaddeclinedbyabout62percentbetween2002and2011.Yearslater,thenumberscontinuedtodrop.Puri,awildlifelover,wantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesandothersstillthreatenedbypoaching.Overthecourseoftwoyears,PuricreatedEISa,alow-costproductofamachinelearning-drivensoftwarethatanalyzesmovementpatternsinthermalinfrared(热红外)videosofhumansandelephants.Purisaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmoreaccuratethanexistingstate-of-the-artdetectionmethods.Italsoeliminatestheneedforexpensivehigh-definitionthermalcameras,whichcancostthousands,shesays.EISausesa$250FLIRONEProthermalcamerawith206*156resolutionthatplugsintoanoff-the-shelfiPhone6.ThecameraandiPhonearethenattachedtoadrone(无人机),andthesystemproducesreal-timeinferencesasitfliesoverparksastowhetherobjectsbelowarehumansorelephants.ItspotentialimpactonsocietyearnedherthePeggyScrippsAwardforScienceCommunication.“Researchisn’tastraightline,”Purisays.“Itmakesmeresourceful.Ithelpsmedevelopintoamorecreativethinker.”4.WhatinspiredAnikaPuritomaketheinvention?A.OnestudytriptoBombay.B.Thedeeppassionforlaw.C.OnevisitinIndia.D.Herloveforivory.5.HowdoestheauthorexplainthesituationofAfrica’sforestelephant?第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byshowinganexample.D.Byreferringtosomeformerstudies.6.What’stheresearchlikeinAnikaPuri’seyes?A.It’stoughandcan’treachthegoal.B.It’sbeneficialtoone’sdevelopment.C.Itreallyrequiresavarietyofresources.D.Itshouldbefurtherdevelopedbecauseoftheneed.7.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.PoachingIsaShockingProblemB.DronesWereAppliedtotheBanonPoachingC.AFantasticDiscoveryWasEventuallyMadebyaBrilliantTeenagerD.ATeenagerInventedaLow-CostTooltoSpotElephantPoachersinRealTime【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公AnikaPuri在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhenAnikaPurivisitedIndiawithherfamilyfouryearsago,shewassurprisedtocomeacrossamarketinBombayfilledwithrowsofivoryjewelry(象牙饰品)andstatues.Globally,ivorytradehasbeenillegalformorethan30years,andelephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.(四年前，当AnikaPuri和家人一起访问印度时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像。在全球范围内，象牙贸易30多年来一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度就禁止猎杀大象。)”以及第三段中“Puri,awildlifelover,wantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesandothersstillthreatenedbypoaching.(AnikaPuri是一名野生动物爱好者，她想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种和其他仍然受到偷猎威胁的物种。)”可知，当AnikaPuri和家人一起访问印度时，发现了市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，由此激发了她要做点什么来保护大象。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Curious,Purididsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingstatistic:Africa’sforestelephantpopulationhaddeclinedbyabout62percentbetween2002and2011.Yearslater,thenumberscontinuedtodrop.(出于好奇，Puri做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。多年后，这一数字继续下降。)”可知，作者通过列举数字的方式介绍了非洲森林象的情况。故选A。【6题详解】第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Purisays.“Itmakesmeresourceful.Ithelpsmedevelopintoamorecreativethinker.”(Puri说“这让我足智多谋。它帮助我成长为一个更有创造力的思考者。”)”可知，在Puri看来，研究让她变得足智多谋，让她成长为一个更有创造力的思考者，即科学研究对一个人的发展是有益的。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了主人公AnikaPuri在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象的故事。故D选项“ATeenagerInventedaLow-CostTooltoSpotElephantPoachersinRealTime(一名青少年发明了一种低成本的工具，可以实时发现大象偷猎者)”概括全文，适合文章标题。故选D。COnedaywhenIwasfive,mymotherscoldedmefornotfinishingmyriceandIgotangry.Iwantedtoplayoutsideandnotbemadetofinisheatingmyoldrice.Inmyangrymovementtoopenthescreendoorwithmyfoot,Ihadkickedbackabouta12-inchpartofthelowerlefthandcornerofthenewscreendoor.ButIhadnoremorse,forIwashappytobeplayinginthebackyardwithmytoys.Today,IknowifmychildhaddonewhatIdid,Iwouldhavescoldedmychild,andtoldhimabouthowexpensivethisnewscreendoorwas,andIwouldhavedeliveredaspankingforsuchbehavior.Myparentsneversaidaword.Theyleftthecornerofthescreendoorbe,creatinganopening,abreach(裂缝)inthedefenseagainstunwantedinsects.Foryears,everytimeIsawthatcornerofthescreen,itwouldconstantlyremindmeofmymistake.ForyearsIknewthateveryoneinmyfamilywouldseethatholeandrememberwhodidit.Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.Iwouldwonderifmyfamilymemberswerethinkingthesamething,silentlyblamingmeeverytimeaflyinginsectenteredourhome,makinglifemoreterribleforusall.Myparentstaughtmeavaluablelesson,onethataspankingorstern(严厉的)wordsperhapscouldnotdeliver.Theirsilentpunishmentformybehaviordeliveredahundredsternmessagestome.Aboveall,ithashelpedmebecomeamorepatientpersonandnotburstoutsoeasily.8.Theunderlinedword“remorse”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans_____________.A.injuryB.senseC.regretD.notice9.Whentheauthordamagedthedoor,hisparents_____________.A.scoldedhimforhisbadbehaviorB.gavehimaspanking第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5C.toldhimhowexpensiveitwasD.leftthedoorunrepaired10.Howdidtheauthorfeeleverytimehesawthedamageddoor?A.Hefeltitdestroyedthehappyatmosphereathishome.B.Hefoundthathisfamilymembersnolongerlikedhim.C.Hefeltashamedofhisuncontrolledangeratthattime.D.Hefelthehadtoworkhardtomakeupforthedamage.11.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?A.Silentpunishmentmayhaveabettereffectoneducatingpeople.B.Whatthebestwaytobecomeamorepatientpersonis.C.Adultsshouldignoretheirchildren’sbadbehavior.D.Parentsarethebestteachersoftheirchildren.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者亲身经历从父母那里得到了一个启迪：沉默的惩罚可能对教育人们有更好的效果。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据forIwashappytobeplayinginthebackyardwithmytoys.和But可知，我并不后悔。由此推知划线词的意思是“后悔”。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Theyleftthecornerofthescreendoorbe,creatinganopening,abreach(裂缝)inthedefenseagainstunwantedinsects.“他们把纱门的一角留了下来。”由此推知，当作者把门弄坏时，他的父母没有把门修好。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.可知，作者每次看到那扇损坏的门时他为那时自己无法控制的愤怒而感到羞愧。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Myparentstaughtmeavaluablelesson,onethataspankingorstern(严厉的)wordsperhapscouldnotdeliver.Theirsilentpunishmentformybehaviordeliveredahundredsternmessagestome.Aboveall,ithashelpedmebecomeamorepatientpersonandnotburstoutsoeasily.“第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6我的父母给我上了宝贵的一课，一个用打屁股或严厉的语言可能无法表达的教训。他们对我的行为进行了无声的惩罚，向我传达了上百条严厉的信息。最重要的是，它帮助我成为一个更有耐心的人，不那么容易爆发”。可知，沉默的惩罚可能对教育人们有更好的效果。故选A。【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，根据第三段中Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.可知，作者每次看到那扇损坏的门时他为那时自己无法控制的愤怒而感到羞愧。故选C。DFacialrecognitioncamerasareeverywhere,includinginyoursmartphone.Manypeoplerelyonthistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoorsormakequickpayments,butthereisaproblem:Everyoneiswearingmask.Whatahassle!Now,techcompanieshaveupdatedtheirsoftware.Facialrecognitiontechnologycannowidentifypeopleeveniftheyarewearingamask.Beijing-basedtechcompanyHanwanghasannouncedasoftwarewhichcancorrectlyrecognize95percentofpeoplewearingmasks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.What’sthesecret?It’sallaboutyoureyes.MariosSavvides,aprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,US,studiesfacialrecognitiontechnology.“Aswegetolder,”hesaid,“ourfaceschangeshape,butnottheareaaroundoureyes.Itstaysthesame—evenifweputonweight.”Anothercompanyhasalsobeenworkingonthiskindofsoftware.Tech5hasAIthatmeasurestheshapeofyourface.Italsoscansyouriris(thecoloredpartofyoureyes).Tech5hopestoignoreallofthefacebelowthenose.Facialrecognitionsoftwareisaboutmorethanjustunlockingyourphone.It’saboutpublicsafety.Contact-freeverification(验证)hasbecomeextremelyimportantduetotheCOVID-19.Morethanthat,facialrecognitioncanbeusedtofightcrime(犯罪).“Itcandetectcrimesuspects,”saidHuangLei,Hanwang’spresident.Hanwang’stechnologyisusedbypoliceinhigh-securitysettings.Thismeansplaceslikegovernmentbuildings,subwaystationsandairports.Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses.“Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIamconvincedthatwecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture,”saidHuang.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”inparagraph1mean?A.habit.B.rule.C.trouble.D.resource.13.Whatmakesfacialrecognitionsoftwareabletoidentifypeoplewearingmasks?A.Theforehead.B.Thefacialexpression.第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7C.Theshapeofface.D.Theeyeregion.14.WhatisHuangLei’sattitudetowardsthefacialrecognitionsoftware?A.Negative.B.Favorable.C.Opposed.D.Doubtful.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtechnologyfromthelastparagraph?A.Thereisroomforimprovementinit.B.Itcannotstorekeyfacialinformation.C.Itwilllosepopularityinthefuture.D.Itwon’tworkifpeoplewearglasses.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种不需要摘口罩就能面部识别的软件。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段前两句话“Facialrecognitioncamerasareeverywhere,includinginyoursmartphone.Manypeoplerelyonthistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoorsormakequickpayments,butthereisaproblem:Everyoneiswearingmask.(面部识别摄像头无处不在，包括智能手机。许多人依靠这项技术解锁手机、开门或快速付款，但有一个问题：每个人都戴着口罩。)”可知，由于现在人人都带着口罩，所以人脸识别相对来说“更麻烦了”，所以划线单词hassle的意思，是“麻烦的”。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Beijing-basedtechcompanyHanwanghasannouncedasoftwarewhichcancorrectlyrecognize95percentofpeoplewearingmasks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.What’sthesecret?It’sallaboutyoureyes.(据工程与技术(E&T)报道，总部位于北京的科技公司汉旺(Hanwang)发布了一款软件，该软件可以正确识别95%戴面具的人。秘密是什么?都是因为你的眼睛。)”可知，是眼睛让在戴面具时也可识别面部。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段黄磊说的话“Itcandetectcrimesuspects,”saidHuangLei,Hanwang’spresident.Hanwang’stechnologyisusedbypoliceinhigh-securitysettings.Thismeansplaceslikegovernmentbuildings,subwaystationsandairports.Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses.“Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIbelievewecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture,”saidHuang(“它可以发现犯罪嫌疑人，”汉旺总裁黄磊表示。汉旺的技术被警方用于高度安全的环境中。这意味着像政府大楼、地铁站和机场这样的地方。黄承认这项新技术的一大弱点：当人们同时戴口罩和太阳镜时，这项技术就失败了。黄说：“在这种情况下，所有关键的面部信息都会丢失，但我相信我们可以在未来克服这个弱点。”)”可知，黄磊对这项技术是非常赞成支持的，所以可推知他对这项技术持积极的态度。故选B第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段黄磊说的话“Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses.“Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIbelievewecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture,”saidHuang.(黄承认这项新技术的一大弱点：当人们同时戴口罩和太阳镜时，这项技术就失败了。黄说：“在这种情况下，所有关键的面部信息都会丢失，但我相信我们可以在未来克服这个弱点。”)”可推知，这项技术还需改善。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Flu(流感)canbeverydangerousalthoughinmostpeopletheillnessmaylastonlyaweekortwo.Gettingafluvaccine(疫苗)everyyearisthebestwaytopreventgettingtheflu.____16____Recognizeflusymptoms(症状).Beforeyoucaneffectivelytreattheflu,makesurethat’swhatyouactuallyhave.____17____Commonsymptomsoffluincludeseriouscough,sorethroat,feverabove100F,headaches,weaknessandsoonwhilesymptomsofthecommoncoldusuallyincludemildcough,low-gradeornofeveraswellasslightaches.____18____Insomeextremecases,theflucancausesymptomssevereenoughtorequirehospitalization.Youneedtoseeadoctorimmediatelyifyouareexperiencingthefollowingsymptoms:shortnessofbreathordifficultybreathing;chestpainorpressure;blueishskinorpurplishlips;headacheorneckpain.Getsomerest.Sometimesit’spossibletokeepworkingorgoingtoschoolwithacold,butwhenyouhavetheflu,it’simportanttorest.____19____Sincetheflumayspreadbycontact,stayinghomeisasconsiderateasitisnecessaryforyourrecovery.TakevitaminC.VitaminCisessentialforhealth.StudiessuggestthataproperamountofvitaminCcanhelpremovecoldandflusymptoms.Take1000mgperhourforthefirstsixhoursassoonassymptomsappear.Thentake1000mgthreetimesdaily.____20____Thoughitrarelyhappens,toomuchofitmaygetyoupoisoned.AKnowwhentoseekemergencymedicaltreatment.B.Butifyougettheflu,itpaystolearnhowtotreatit.C.Takeafewdaysofftogiveyourbodytimetorecover.D.OrangejuiceisanothergoodsourceofnaturalvitaminC.E.Flusymptomsaresimilartocoldsymptoms,butmoresevere.F.Youcanremovethediscomfortoffeverbyusingacoolcloth.第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9G.DonotcontinuetotaketoomuchvitaminCafteryoufeelbetter.【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些应对流感的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Gettingafluvaccine(疫苗)everyyearisthebestwaytopreventgettingtheflu.(每年打疫苗是防止患流感的最好方法)”可知，打疫苗是预防流感的最好的方法，根据文章接下来介绍了一些治疗流感的方法可知，空格处应承上启下，提出万一患了流感该如何治疗。B项“Butifyougettheflu,itpaystolearnhowtotreatit.(但是如果你得了流感，学会如何治疗是值得的)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Beforeyoucaneffectivelytreattheflu,makesurethat’swhatyouactuallyhave.(在你能有效地治疗流感之前，先确定你确实得了流感)”和下文“Commonsymptomsoffluincludeseriouscough,sorethroat,feverabove100F,headaches,weaknessandsoonwhilesymptomsofthecommoncoldusuallyincludemildcough,low-gradeornofeveraswellasslightaches.(流感的常见症状包括严重咳嗽、喉咙痛、100华氏度以上发热、头痛、虚弱等，而普通感冒的症状通常包括轻微咳嗽、低度发烧或不发烧以及轻微疼痛)”可知，你需要先知道自己是不是得了流感，之后介绍了流感的症状。由此推知，空处指出流感和普通感冒的症状相似。E项“Flusymptomsaresimilartocoldsymptoms,butmoresevere.(流感症状和感冒症状相似，但是更严重)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Insomeextremecases,theflucancausesymptomssevereenoughtorequirehospitalization.(在一些极端情况下，流感会导致严重到需要住院治疗的症状)”以及本段内容可知，本段主要讲一些需要立刻到医院接受治疗的紧急情况，A项“Knowwhentoseekemergencymedicaltreatment.(知道何时需要寻求紧急医疗)”概括本段内容，符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Sometimesit’spossibletokeepworkingorgoingtoschoolwithacold,butwhenyouhavetheflu,it’simportanttorest.(有时感冒了还可以继续工作或上学，但当你感冒了，休息是很重要的)”可知，接下来要讲为什么要休息，C项“Takeafewdaysofftogiveyourbodytimetorecover.(给你的身体几天时间去恢复)”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Take1000mgperhourforthefirstsixhoursassoonassymptomsappear.Thentake1000mgthreetimesdaily.(在症状出现后的前六个小时内，每小时服用1000mg。每天三次，每次1000毫克)第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10”和下文“Thoughitrarelyhappens,toomuchofitmaygetyoupoisoned.(虽然这种情况很少发生，但太多可能会让你中毒)”可知，上文指出在患流感期间要服用维他命C，以及服用的量，而下文指出服用太多可能中毒。由此推知，空处陈述流感症状有所缓解后，不要继续大量服用维他命C。G项“DonotcontinuetotaketoomuchvitaminCafteryoufeelbetter.(在你感觉好些之后，不要继续服用过多的维生素C)”符合题意，承上启下。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmanycountries,peopleeatriceeveryday.___21___theyeatittwoorthreetimesaday,forbreakfast,lunchandsupper.Theycan___22___it,fryitor___23___itintoricenoodles.Theyusuallyeatit___24___meat,fishandvegetables.Somepeopledonoteatsomekindof___25___.Muslinsforexample,donoteatpork,andHindusdonoteatbeef.TheJapaneseeatalotoffish.Japanisanislandandits___26___goalloverthePacificlookingforfishto___27___.TheJapanesesometimeseatuncookedfishandtheyalsoeatalotofrice.In___28___suchasBritain,AustraliaandtheUnitedStates,themostimportantfoodis___29___orpotatoesPeoplethereusuallymaketheirbreadfromwheatflour.They____30____potatoesindifferentways.Theycanboilthem,frythemandroastthem.InAfrica,maize（玉米）isthemostimportantfood.____31____riceandwheat,maizeisakindofcereal.Africanpeoplemakethemaize____32____flour.Fromthisflourtheymake____33____kindsofbreadandcakes.ManyAfricansarevery____34____andtheycan'taffordtoeatmuch____35____withtheircereal.21.A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes22.A.drinkB.boilC.haveD.eat23.A.changeB.turnC.makeD.eat24.A.asB.likeC.togetherD.with25.A.meatB.fishC.applesD.vegetables26.A.busesB.planesC.trainsD.ships27.A.buyB.catchC.holdD.weigh28.A.worldB.countriesC.EuropeD.states29.A.breadB.cakeC.flourD.vegetable30.A.cookB.eatC.makeD.take第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1131.A.WithB.AsC.BeingD.Like32.A.ofB.fromC.intoD.upto33.A.thesameB.everyC.differentD.each34.A.richB.weakC.strongD.poor35.A.meatB.maizeC.breadD.flour【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.D27.B28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.C34.D35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了不同国家不同地方的主食。【21题详解】考查短语与副词词义辨析。句意：有时他们一天吃两三次。早餐，午餐和晚餐。A.Sometime（副词）某时候；B.Sometimes有时候（频率副词）；C.Sometime一段时间（短语）；D.Sometimess(短语)几次，几倍。根据上一句“Inmanycountries,peopleeatriceeveryday.(在许多国家，人们每天都吃米饭。)”可知，本句承接上一句，指有时候（Sometimes）会吃米饭，可能在早餐，也可能是在午餐或者晚餐，显然这里的“有时候”指的是吃米饭的频率，因此用频率副词Sometimes，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：他们可以煮，炒，或者把它做成米粉。A.drink喝；B.boil煮；C.have有；D.eat吃。结合语境及下文“fryitor___3___itintoricenoodles.”提到了炒着吃或者制成面条，可推知此空处指“煮（boil）”着吃，故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可以煮，炒，或者把它做成米粉。A.change改变；B.turn转变；C.make做；D.eat吃。短语makeinto意为“把……做成”，根据句意，此处指把米做成（makeinto）米粉，因此，该空处填make。故选C项。【24题详解】考查介词与副词词义辨析。句意：他们通常和肉、鱼和蔬菜一起吃。A.as作为；B.like像；C.together（副词）和……一起；D.with（介词）和……一起。根据句中“meat,fishandvegetables”可知，空格处的意思是“和……一起”，介词with后跟名词meat,fishandvegetables构成介宾结构，在句中作状语，意为“和肉、鱼和蔬菜一起”，故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人不吃某种肉。A.meat肉；B.fish鱼；C.apples苹果；D.vegetables第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12蔬菜。根据下一句“Muslinsforexample,donoteatpork,andHindusdonoteatbeef.”可知，穆斯林不吃猪肉，印度教徒不吃牛肉。因此，本句句意为是有些人不吃肉（meat）。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：日本是一个岛屿，它的船只在太平洋上到处寻找鱼捕鱼。A.trains火车；B.planes行星；C.trains火车；D.ships船。根据“TheJapaneseeatalotoffish.Japanisanisland”可知，日本人爱吃鱼，日本是一个岛国，可推知，日本的船（ships）在太平洋上捕鱼。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：日本是一个岛屿，它的船在太平洋上到处寻找鱼捕鱼。A.buy买；B.catch抓到，捕捉；C.hold抓住；D.weigh称重量。根据“TheJapaneseeatalotoffish.Japanisanisland”可知，日本人爱吃鱼，日本是一个岛国，可推知，日本的船在太平洋上捕（catch）鱼。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国、澳大利亚和美国等国家，最重要的食物是面包或土豆。A.world世界；B.countries国家；C.Europe欧洲；D.states州。根据句中“suchasBritain,AustraliaandtheUnitedStates”可知，列举的都是国家的名称，因此，此处指的是国家（countries）。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国、澳大利亚和美国等国家，最重要的食物是面包或土豆。A.bread面包；B.cake蛋糕；C.flour面粉；D.vegetable蔬菜。根据下文“Peoplethereusuallymaketheirbreadfromwheatflour.(那里的人通常用小麦粉做面包)”可知，作者列举的这些国家，最重要的食物是面包（bread）和土豆。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用不同的方法煮土豆。A.cook烹饪；B.eat吃；C.make做；D.take拿。根据下文“Theycanboilthem,frythemandroastthem.(他们可以煮，炸，烤土豆)”可知，作者以上列举的都是关于土豆的烹饪(cook)方式。故选A项。【31题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：像大米和小麦一样，玉米也是一种谷物。A.With用；B.As作为；C.Being存在，是；D.Like像。根据“riceandwheat,maizeisakindofcereal”可知，玉米跟小麦和大米都属于谷物，因此，玉米像（Like）大米和小麦一样，也是谷物的一种。故选D项。【32题详解】考查介词及介词短语辨析。句意：他们用这种面粉做各种各样的面包和蛋糕。A.of的；B.from从；C.into(makeinto做成)；D.upto“忙于……”。根据“Africanpeoplemakethemaize”可知，句意表达面粉做成（makeinto）面包和蛋糕，固定短语makeinto意为“做成”。故选C项。第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们用这种面粉做各种各样的面包和蛋糕。A.thesame同样的；B.every每一个；C.different不同的；D.each每一个。根据下文“kindsofbreadandcakes.”可知，他们做的面包和蛋糕种类很多，是不同的（different），故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多非洲人非常贫穷，他们负担不起太多含有谷类的面包。A.rich富的；B.weak弱的；C.strong强的；D.poor穷的。根据“theycan'tafford”可知，他们非常穷（poor），故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多非洲人非常贫穷，他们负担不起太多含有谷类的面包。A.meat肉；B.maize玉米；C.bread面包；D.flour面粉。根据“Fromthisflourtheymake___13___kindsofbreadandcakes.”可知，非洲人用玉米面做各种各样的面包和蛋糕，因此，可推知很多非洲人很穷，吃不起含有谷类植物的面包（bread）。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItwasDragonboatDay.Shinywhitetentslinedthewaterfront,____36____(provide)shadeandrefreshmentsforDragonBoatpaddlers(桨手)fromalloverCalifornia,____37____gatheredaroundtheCastaicLakeforafestivecompetition.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,____38____theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.“It’sagreatdayout,”saidPaulLin,co-founderforCastaic’sownDragonEyesteam.DragonboatracinghasbeengoingonforthousandsofyearsinChina,____39____(initial)inhonoroftheChinesewaterdragondeity(神)inanefforttocalldownrain____40____avoidmisfortuneanddisaster.Intherace,adrummer____41____(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonbeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.Linsaidafriendgothim____42____(involve)indragonboatracingoveradecadeago.In2018,they____43____(decide)tohosttheirownfestival.“There’ssomethingreallyspecialtobelearnedfromourdragonboatmotto:‘OneBoat,OneBeat,’”hesaid.“Paddlerscomefromallwalksoflifeandthatkindof____44____(close)withpeopleisnowhereelsetobeseen.”“Wereallywanttohelpexpandawarenessandgrowthesport,”Linsaid.“We’rehopingonedayit’llbecome_____45_____Olympicsport.”第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14【答案】36.providing37.who38.with39.initially40.and41.uses42involved43.decided44.closeness45.an【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加州卡斯泰克湖举办的中国传统的龙舟比赛。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“lined”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“provide”意为“提供”，动词词性，“tents”和“provide”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“provide”的现在分词“providing”，作状语。故填providing。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“paddlers”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“who”引导从句。故填who。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：咯咯笑的孩子们欢快地沿着湖边的海滩奔跑，他们的父母在岸边的树下享受着阴凉的野餐区。分析句子可知，句中“_____theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareas”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，故空格处应用“with”，介词词性。故填with。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“inhonorof”意为“为了纪念……”，应用副词修饰，在句中作状语，“initial”意为“最初的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“initially”，意为“最初”。故填initially。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“calldownrain”和“avoidmisfortuneanddisaster第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15”之间为并列关系，都是纪念中国的水龙神的目的，应用连词“and”连接，表并列。故填and。【41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛中，鼓手使用一个传统的大木鼓来保持桨手的节奏，而后面的舵手则让他们保持在自己的航道上。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“use”意为“使用”，动词词性，“drummer”为可数名词单数，故应用“use”的三单形式“uses”。故填uses。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林说，十多年前，一位朋友让他参与了龙舟比赛。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“involve”意为“参加”，动词词性，“him”和“involve”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”，作宾语补足语。故填involved。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：2018年，他们决定举办自己节日。根据句中“In2018”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“decide”意为“决定”，动词词性，过去式为“decided”。故填decided。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：桨手来自各行各业，这种与人的亲密关系在其他任何地方都看不到。分析句子可知，介词“of”后应用名词，在句中作主语，“close”意为“亲密的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“closeness”，意为“亲密”，为不可数名词。故填closeness。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：我们希望有一天它会成为一项奥林匹克运动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一项奥林匹克运动，空格处应用不定冠词，“Olympic”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.“青春有几年，疫情占三年”，三年疫情你有怎样的思考与理解？请结合亲身事例，写一篇80词左右的文章。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Asthewordgoes,“Youthhasafewyears,andtheepidemicaccountsforthreeyears”.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Asthewordgoes,“Youthhasafewyears,andtheepidemicaccountsforthreeyears”.Three-yearepidemicended,butmanymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.Facedwiththeepidemic,everyone第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

16didtheirbest.Ourteacherswhowerequarantinedawayfromhometaughtlessonsduringtheday,andhelpeduswithourhomeworkafterschool,givingussupportandmakinguspositive.Withtheirhelp,wecouldstudyinpeace.Theepidemicisover.Althoughithasbroughtsorrowtous,itseemsthateveryonevalueslifemore.Asstudents,wetreasuretheopportunitytolearn.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文，要求考生结合亲身事例来谈谈你对三年疫情有怎样的思考与理解。【详解】1.词汇积累结束：end→cometoanend令人感动的：moving→touching珍惜：treasure→cherish机会：opportunity→chance2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Three-yearepidemicended,butmanymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.拓展句：Althoughthethree-yearepidemicended,manymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.【点睛】[高分句型1]Ourteacherswhowerequarantinedawayfromhometaughtlessonsduringtheday,andhelpeduswithourhomeworkafterschool,givingussupportandmakinguspositive.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Althoughithasbroughtsorrowtous,itseemsthateveryonevalueslifemore.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Michaelisthekindofguywhomyouwouldliketogetalongwith.Heisalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshassomethingpositivetosay.Whensomeoneaskshimhowheisdoing,hewillreply,“IfIwereanybetter,I’dbetwins!”Heisanaturalmotivator(激励者).Ifanemployeewashavingabadday,Michaelwastheretellingtheemployeehowtoseethepositivesideofthesituation.Seeingthisstylereallymademecurious,soonedayIaskedMichael,“Idon’tgetit.Youcan’tbepositiveallthetime.Howdoyoumakeit?”Michaelreplied,“EachmorningIwakeupandsaytomyself‘Mike,youhavetwochoicestoday.Youcanchoosetobeinagoodmoodoryoucanchoosetobeinabadmood.’Ichoosetobeinagoodmood.Eachtimesomethingbadhappens,Icanchoosetobeavictim(受害者)orchoosetolearnfromit.Ichoosetolearnfromit.第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

17Everytimesomeonecomestomecomplaining,IcanchoosetoaccepttheircomplainingorIcanpointoutthepositivesideoflife.Ichoosethepositivesideoflife.”“Itisn’teasy,”Iprotested(表示异议).Michaelsaid,“Yes,itis.Lifeisallaboutchoices.Whenyoucutawayallthejunk,everysituationisachoice.Youchoosehowyoureacttothesesituations.Youchoosehowpeoplewillaffectyourmood.Youchoosetobeinagoodmoodorbadmood.Thebottomlineis:It’syourchoicehowyouliveyourlife.”IreflectedonwhatMichaelsaidandrealisedthathewasright.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Althoughsometimeswecan’tchoosewhatwearegoingtofaceinourlife,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】IreflectedonwhatMichaelsaidandrealisedthathewasright.Itisreallysillytobeinabadmood.Andcomplainingcannotchangethesituationatall.IshouldlearnfromMichael.ThatistosayIshouldlearntomakeawisechoicewhilefacingvariousproblemsinmylife.Fromnowon,Iwillstopcomplainingorallowingmyselfinabadmood.Iwilltrymybesttobepositive.Althoughsometimeswecan’tchoosewhatwearegoingtofaceinourlife,wecanchoosehowwefaceourlife.Nomatterwhatsituationwearein,weshouldbepositiveandreactactively.Sinceit’suselessputtingourselvesinabadmood,whynotbeinagoodmood?Itiswisetofacewhateverwemeetinourlifepositively.Anditisbettertoaffectthepeoplearounduswithourpositiveattitudes.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Michael是个积极乐观的人，每天都保持好心情，作者对此感到很好奇，于是问他是如何做到的。Michael告诉作者人生充满了选择，如何生活是自己的选择。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我回想了一下Michael说的话，意识到他是对的。”可知，第一段可描写作者认为第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

18Michael说的话是对的，所以决定要向Michael学习，以后要停止抱怨，每天要积极乐观。②由第二段首句内容“虽然有时候我们无法选择我们将要面对的生活，”可知，第二段可描写我们无法选择我们将要面对的生活，但是可以选择如何面对生活——要积极乐观地面对生活。2.续写线索：认同Michael的话——向Michael学习——停止抱怨，积极乐观——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①面对：face/befacedwith②作出反应：react/respond③遇到：meet/encounter情绪类①乐观的：positive/optimistic②积极地：actively/energetically【点睛】[高分句型1].ThatistosayIshouldlearntomakeawisechoicewhilefacingvariousproblemsinmylife.（由while引导的状语从句的省略）[高分句型2].Nomatterwhatsituationwearein,weshouldbepositiveandreactactively.（由nomatterwhat引导的让步状语从句）[高分句型3].Itiswisetofacewhateverwemeetinourlifepositively.（whatever引导的宾语从句）第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

19第20页/共20页学科网（北京）股份有限公司