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“德化永安漳平一中”三校协作2022—2023学年高三第一学期联考英语试题（考试时间：120分钟总分：150分）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandrink?A.Water.B.Tea.C.Coffee.2.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.3.HowwillSuzyspendmostofhersummerbreak?A.Travelingwithfriends.B.Stayingwithhergrandpa.C.Workingpart-time.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inapostoffice.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Rentinganapartment.B.Confirminganappointment.C.Makingacomplaint.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatsizecardoesthemanwanttorent?A.Small-size.B.Mid-size.C.Full-size.7.Whatstopsthemanfromrentingthebluecar?A.Thesizeisn’tsuitable.B.Thepriceistoohigh.C.Themodelistooold.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Bookheraticket.B.Giveheraride.C.Checktheflightschedule.9.Whatfestivalisthewomangoingbackhomefor?A.Thanksgiving.B.SpringFestival.C.Christmas.10.Whatdoesthemanenjoymostaboutafestival?
1A.Havingafeast.B.Openinggiftboxes.C.Chattingwiththefamily.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.12.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Tired.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.13.Whatdoesthewomaninsistthemando?A.Drinkmoretea.B.Takeacampingtrip.C.Haveacheckup.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.What’swrongwiththeexercisebike?A.Itsscreenisoutoforder.B.Theseatisnotsteady.C.Theswitchcan’tbeturnedon.15.Whyisthemanunabletogettheexercisebikefixedforfree?A.Thereceiptislost.B.Hebrokeithimself.C.It’soutofguarantee.16.Whenwilltherepairmancometofixtheexercisebike?A.OnFridayafternoon.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSaturdayafternoon.17.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Talkabouttherepaircost.B.Asktheman’saddress.C.Checkthebike’smodel.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What’sthespeaker’sattitudetotheoldbuildingsinBeijing?A.Positive.B.Mixed.C.Negative.19.Howlonghasthespeaker’sdadspentlivingintheHutong?A.About40years.B.About55years.C.About60years.20.Whatdoesthespeaker’sdadcomparethepeopleofacityas?A.Treeleaves.B.Trees.C.Growthrings(年轮).第二部分阅读（共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A
2Portugal’sMostBeautifulSeasideDestinationsThelongcoastlineofPortugalisextraordinarilydiverse.WindyourwayalongitandyouwillfindtruePortugal,itshistory,itsheartanditssoul.CascaisOriginallyalittlewhitewashedfishingvillage,Cascaisbecameasummerresidenceforwealthynoblemeninthelate19thcentury.Itisnowabusy,moderntown,butalongitsshoreline,itstillhaspalatialvillas(富丽堂皇的别墅)，manyofwhichhavebeenturnedintohotels,anditsprettytownsquareandoldstreetshavekepttheircharacter.ComportaThislittlevillagehas,untilrecently,beenasecrettotheexperts.Withhotelsnowstartingtoopen,thelocalsmakethemostofitbeforethecrowdscome.Bluewaterswashsuchpicture-perfectwhitesandsthatit'shardtobelieveyou’reinEurope:Walkonthebeachatsunset,orweaveyourwayonhorsebackthroughthegreenricefieldsbeforeamealofthefreshestoffishontheseashore.ZambujeiradoMarStandingbetweenthefierceAtlanticandtheplainsoftheAlentejo,thelittlefishingvillageofZambujeiradoMarhasoneoftheregion’smostbeautifulbeaches,backedbyhighrockcliffs.ForfivedaysinAugust,oneofPortugal’sbiggestyouthmusicfestivals,MEOSudoeste,isheldhere.LagosWhitewashedLagosmanagestomaintainitscharacterandcharmwhileofferinglivelynightlifetothelocalsandtourists.Asanimportantnavalcenterinthe15thcentury,LagoswasalsothecapitaloftheAlgarvefrom1576to1756.Extensivelydamagedinthe1755earthquake,thetownnowconsistsofmostlythe18th-and19th-centurybuildings.VisitSantoAntonioChurchforitsblueandwhitetilesandgilded(镀金的)woodwork.21.Whichplaceisstillasecretdestinationrarelyknownbyexperts?A.Lagos.B.Comporta.C.Cascais.D.ZambujeiradoMar.22.WhatisspecialaboutZambujeiradoMar?A.Itisaremotevillage.B.ItfacesthePacificOcean.C.Ithostsamusicfestival.D.Itliesonhighrockcliffs.23.WhenweremostoftheexistingconstructionsinLagosbuilt?A.In14th-15thcenturies.B.In15th-16thcenturies.C.In16th-17thcenturies.D.In18th-19thcenturies.BEverytimeIstareattherowsofjarsfilledwithmyparents’homemadetomatosauce,Iwonder:"ShouldIreallyuseone?"
3Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindalternatives,nothingcompares.Store-boughtsauce?Itjustdoesn'ttasteright.EvenifItrytorecreateit,itwillnevertastethesame.Whilegrowingup,Ihatedthetomatoseason.MyparentswouldusethebasementtoripenthetomatoestheyhadcollectedlocallyinSeptember.LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.Havingbeenstewed(炖)，wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather'shomemademachinetoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Thejarswouldbehotforafewdays,sealedtokeeptheirownheat.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.Thistraditionwashardtocarryonwhenmyfathergotill.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithcancerin2019,hespentmostofhistimeinhospital.InSeptemberthatyearhecamehome,andontheweekendwedecidedtocontinuethetradition.Ihavegloriousmemoriesofthatdayasweonceagainmadethesauce.Itwasabeautifulbutshort-livedmoment.Myfatherdiedsoonafter.Ican'tkeepthesejarsforever.Butitdoesn’tmakeitanyeasiertoopenone.EverytimeIgotoreachforone,somethingstopsme.Mymother,everpractical,isvisitingusrecentlyandjuststaresatthem."Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste."Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera.Whoknows?Maybeit'stimetobringnewtraditionsintolife.24.Whatstopstheauthorfromusingthetomatosauce?A.Ithasgonebad.B.Hedoesn'tliketomatosauceC.Hevaluesittoomuch.D.Hekeepsitforfutureuse.25.WhatdoPara.3andPara.4mainlytalkabout?A.Thetomatoharvest.B.Thehomemademachine.C.Thefruitfultomatoseason.D.Themakingoftomatosauce.26.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydonext?A.Openonejar.B.Keepthejars.C.Collecttomatoes.D.Maketomatosauce27.Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthor?A.Practical.B.Faithful.C.Affectionate.D.Sensitive.CDuringdeepsleep,thebrainappearstowashawaywasteproductsthatincreasetheriskforAlzheimer'sdisease.
4Ahostofnewresearchstudiessuggestthatthisstageofsleep--whendreamsarerareandthebrainfollowsaslow,steadybeat--canhelpreducelevelsofbeta-amyloidandtauprotein,twocharacteristicsofthedisease.“Thereissomethingaboutthisdeepsleepthatishelpingprotectyou,”saysMatthewWalker,aprofessorofneuroscienceandpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Theresearchcomesafterdecadesofobservationslinkingpoorsleeptolong-termproblemswithmemoryandthinking,Walkersays.“WearenowlearningthatthereisasignificantrelationshipbetweensleepandAlzheimer’sdisease.”Thestrongestevidenceinvolvesdeepsleep,hesays.That'swhenbodytemperaturedropsandthebrainbeginstoproduceslow,rhythmicelectricalwaves.SoWalkerandateamofscientistssetouttoansweraquestion:“CanIlookintoyourfutureandcanIaccuratelyestimatehowmuchbeta-amyloidyou’regoingtoaccumulateoverthenexttwoyears,thenextfouryears,thenextsixyears,simplyonthebasisofyoursleeptonight?”Tofindout,Walker'steamstudied32peopleintheir70swhohadtakenpartinasleepstudythatlookedfortheslowelectricalwavesthatsignaldeepsleep.Noneoftheparticipantshadmemoryproblems.Thescientistsusedbrainscanstomonitorlevelsofbeta-amyloidineachparticipantforuptosixyears.Andtheresults,publishedintheNov.2issueofthejournalCurrentBiology,showedpeoplewhogotlessdeepsleephadmorebeta-amyloid.“WehaveaspecificsleepsignaturerightnowthatseemstohelpusbetterunderstandwhereyoumaysitontheAlzheimer’srisktrackinthefuture”,Walkersays.Otherstudieshavefoundthatalackofdeepsleepisassociatedwithhigherlevelsoftauprotein,whichformsharmfulsubstancesinsidethebraincellsandcausesAlzheimer’sdisease.28.Whichofthefollowingisrelatedtodeepsleep?A.DisorderedheartbeatB.Increasedwasteproducts.C.Highfrequencyofsweetdreams.D.Decreasedbeta-amyloidandtauprotein.29.Whatdothescientistsfindfromthestudy?A.Thereisalwaysabodytemperatureriseduringdeepsleep.B.Thelevelofbeta-amyloidremainsstableregardlessofsleepquality.C.Peoplewithlesssleeparemorelikelytohavememoryproblems.D.DeepsleepreducesthepossibilityofdevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease30.HowdoestauproteinleadtoAlzheimer'sdisease?A.Byproducingdamagingmatter.B.Byinfluencingsleepquality.C.Byslowingelectricalwaves.D.Byreducingbrainactivity.
531.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.GoodsleepcomesfromgoodlifestyleB.DeepsleeppreventsAlzheimer'sdiseaseC.ScientistsfoundouthowtohavedeepsleepD.ProblemswithmemoryandthinkingcanbesolvedDLotsofanimalsliveandmoveingroups----elephantsinherds,wolvesinpacks,birdsinflocks,andfishinschools.Researchhasshownthatwhereanindividualislocatedinthegroupcanaffectthebenefitsitgetsfromhangingoutinacrowd.However,ShaunKillen,anecophysiologistattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKsays,researchershaven'tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior.KillenandhiscolleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnows(修鱼)swimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastthefish,andtheteamrecordedhowmanyeachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代谢的)costsofdigestingeachfish'smealandcomparingittothefish'sposition,theteamobservedatrend:fishthathadjustgulpeddownabigmealmovedtothebackoftheschool,evenwhenthey'dswumatthefrontatmostothertimes.“Itmakessensethatfeedingwouldinfluenceindividuals’positionsinagroup,”saysDamienFarine,whostudiescollectivebehaviorinbirdsattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany,“Ifafishishungry,it'scompetingwithothersintheschooltoeat，andbeingatthefrontgivesitaccesstomorefood.Butoncethefishisfull,itdoesn'tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”Inaddition,"beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons,”Farinenotes."Anindividualatthebackdoesn'thavetocontributetonavigating,andbyrelaxingthebrainloaditsavesmoreenergy.”Killensayshe'sbeenthinkingabouttheprosandconsofbeingatthebackofthepack,suchasprotectionfromattackersandaboostfromschoolmates’slipstream.Changesinposition，especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement,appeartoinfluencegroupleadership,informationtransfer,andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.32.WhatdoesKillenandhiscolleagues’studyfocuson?A.Howbehavioralfeaturesinfluencepositionchangeofindividualsinfishschools.B.Howlocationinfluencesnutritionstatesofindividualsinfishschools.C.Howdigestioninfluencesdistributionofindividualsinfishschools.D.Howlocationinfluencesbenefitsofindividualsinfishschools.33.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gulpeddown”meaninParagraph2?
6A.Swallowed.B.Located.C.Witnessed.D.Missed.34.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Afullfishcompetestoeatattheback.B.Ahungryfishhaseasieraccesstomorefood.C.Beingatthebacksavestheenergyofafullfish.D.Beingatthefrontcostsahungryfishlessenergy.35.WhatisShaunKillen'sattitudetohisstudy?A.Cautious.B.Confident.C.Positive.D.Disappointed.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Litteratiisacompanythat’stryingtomaketheworldacleanerplace.36Sharedonline,thisinformationcontributestobuildingaglobaldatabaseof“littermaps,"whichcaninfluencepolicyandpackagingdesign.JeffKirschneristhefounderandCEOofLitterati.Hecameupwiththeideawhilewalkinginaforestwithhisthen-four-year-olddaughter.37Despitebeingyoung,sheexpresseddistress(悲痛)atthecontainerbeingsomewherethatitwasn'tsupposedtobe.Thisawarenessstayswithusasadults.Thelitterproblemissohuge:what'sanindividualpersonsupposedtodo?38Uploadingpicturestoanappshowsusersthatthey’renottheonlyonespickinguplitterfrompublicplacesandthatothersarecleaningtheplanet,too.Andthedataaccumulatesrapidly.Kirschnersaid,“39Thisinformationincludestheobjects,materials,brandsandtheirlocation.”kirschnerdescribesthesedata-drivenmapsasbeinglikeafingerprint.“Thatfingerprintprovidesboththesourceoftheproblemandthepathtothesolution.”40InSanFrancisco,theLitteratiappwasabletomapmorethan5,000piecesoftrash(垃圾)inordertodeterminehowmuchwasgeneratedbycigarettesspecifically.Usingthisinformationthecitysuccessfullychallengedalawsuit(诉讼)bytobaccocompaniesanddoubledanexistingcigarettesalestax.IntheNetherlands,Litterati'sdatahelpedpushDutchbrandAntaFlutorepackageitshardcandiesinwaxedpaperratherthanplastic.A.Shenoticedaplasticcontainerinariver.B.That'swhereKirschnerthinksanappcanhelpC.However,thesemapsturnedouttobeafailure.D.Wehaven’tcollectedenoughamountofdataforourlittermaps.E.Ourdatabasenowcontainsover8millionpieces,growingatabout20,000perday.
7F.ThereareseveralexamplesofhowLitterati’sdatahasalreadyprovidedapathtoasolution.G.Ithascreatedanapppeoplecanusetouploadinformationaboutthelittertheycollectoutside.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherhasbeencalledcheapformostofhislife,byfamilymembers,friends,colleagues,andme.Irememberhim41aroundthehousetoturnlightsoffallthetime,eveniftheroom’soccupanthadjustlefttomakea42phonecall.Hedoesn’tliketousethe43onhiscarbecausehedoesn’twanttowearthemout.Sohecoasts(靠惯性滑行)whenhe’s44aredlight,whichhebelievesminimizesbrakewearandtear.Dadalsopreferstousehandsignalsoutthewindowinsteadofthecar’s45lights.Thoughheischeap,myfatherisalsooneofthemost46peopleIknow.Allmylife,hehasgiventimeandmoneytothe47hecaresabout,fromhomelessnessandhungertoAIDScampaigns.He48passesapanhandleronthestreetwithoutgivinghimthecoins.Whenitcametimeformysisterandbrotherandmeto49college,wewerenevertoldtolimitour50toastateschoolorotherlower-costoptions.51,ourparentssentustosomeofthebestandmost52schoolsinthecountry.Neitherourfathernorourmotherevercomplainedaboutthehightuition.Thatwasnotonlygenerosityintheextreme,butalsoa(n)53ofmyparents’priorities.I54myfather’scompulsivefrugality(节俭)alot,butasIgotolder,IrealizedthatIhadadoptedalotofhis55aboutmoney.41．A．skippingB．springingC．rushingD．marching42．A．briefB．remoteC．normalD．long43．A．lightsB．windowsC．wheelsD．brakes44．A．leavingB．approachingC．facingD．waiting45．A．turningB．flashingC．redD．yellow46．A．generousB．ordinaryC．famousD．common47．A．hobbiesB．schedulesC．causesD．interests48．A．simplyB．occasionallyC．usuallyD．rarely49．A．visitB．attendC．leaveD．finish50．A．sightsB．supportsC．wishesD．needs
851．A．OtherwiseB．BesidesC．InsteadD．However52．A．expensiveB．comprehensiveC．independentD．distant53．A．originB．ideaC．hopeD．sign54．A．showedoffB．lookedatC．longedforD．complainedabout55．A．concernsB．attitudesC．findingsD．mistakes第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AutumnEquinoxAutumnEquinox(秋分）,the16thsolartermoftheyear,liesatthemidpointofautumn,56(divide)autumnintotwoequalparts.Afterthatday,thelocationofdirectsunlight57(move)tothesouth,makingdaysshorterandnightslongerinthenorthernhemisphere.SincetheAutumnEquinox,mostoftheareasinChinahaveenteredthecoolautumn.58thecoldairsouthwardmeetsthedecliningwarmandwetair,precipitation(降水)istheresult.As59(say)intheancientbook,TheDetailedRecordsoftheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),“ItisontheAutumnEquinoxdaythattheYinandYangareinabalanceofpower.”Thusthedayandnightareofequallength,and60arethecoldandhotweather."InSouthChina,thereisacustom61(popular)knownas“havingQiucai(autumnvegetable)ontheAutumnEquinoxday".EveryAutumnEquinoxday,allthe62(village)gotopickQiucaiinthewild,whichistakenbackandmadeintosoupwithfish,63(name)Qiutang”(autumnsoup).OnAutumnEquinoxday,therearethousandsofpeopleintheworldtryingtomakeeggsstand64end.Accordingtoexperts,ontheSpringEquinoxandAutumnEquinox,theearth'saxis(轴)，onits66.5degreetilt,isinarelativebalanceofpowerwiththeearth'sorbitaroundthesun.Thusitisan65(easy)timeforpeopletopracticethegame.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是中学生李华，最近在某个购物网站上购买了一双运动鞋，但到货后发现了一些问题，请给该网站写一封投诉信，投诉信内容如下表：要点：1.写信目的；2.不满之处；3.表达期望（重新邮寄或退款）
9注意:1.书信内容包括以上要点；2.词数80左右(书信格式已给出，不计入总词数)；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLihua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Whenthingswentwrong,IttlebyFeinalwayshadsomethingnicetosay.WhenDadforgotaboutthepizzaanditburned,Ittlebysaid,"Don’tworry.It’llstilltastegood.”Andhewasright.Thepizzaedgesweredarkandcrispy(酥脆的),butthemiddlewasn’thalfbad.WhenIttleby’sfriendDavidgotalowscoreonthespellingtest,Ittlebysaid,"You’lldobetternexttime."And,sureenough,Davidstudiedharderandgotaperfectscorethenextweek.Whenhisteacher,Mr.D,bumpedintoabookstandinthelibrary,Ittlebysaid,"Don'tworry.Thelibrarianwon'tbeupset."Hewasright.Thelibrarianjustlaughedandhelpedpickupthebooks.Ittlebylookedonthebrightside.Andeveryonelikedthatabouthim.EveryoneexceptHazel.Hazelwasthenewkidintheclass.Onherfirstday,Ittlebysaid,“Nicetomeetyou,Hazel.Ithinkyou’lllikeithere."Hazelstaredathimandsaid,“Idoubtit."WhenMr.Dsaidthey’dhaverecess(课间休息)insidebecauseoftherain,Ittlebysaid,"Everycloudhasasilverlining."ButHazelshookherheadsaying,“Cloudsarewhite.Maybegray.Wheredoyougetthisstuff?"Thenoutsidethewindow,thecloudshadrolledoverthesun.Theroomfeltdarker."Badthingscomeinthrees.”saidHazel."Nooutdoorrecessisnumberone.Whatwillthesecondthingbe?"Theclassdidn'thavetowaitlongtofindout.
10Gretawascarryingatrayofpaintsduringartclass.Shefellover,andpaintswentflying.Therewasblueonthefloorandredandblackonthewalls.HazelturnedtoIttleby."Thatisthesecondbadthing.Whatwillthethirdbe?"shesaid.Ittlebydidn’tknowwhattosay.HazelseemedsosureabouttheRuleofThreeBadThings.ThenEmmacametolookatIttleby’spainting."It’sbeautiful,"shesaid.Shepickeditup,notrealizingshehadpaintsonherfingers.Hazelpointedandsaid,"Ittleby’spictureismessedup!There'snumberthree.”注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。Insteadofbeingangry,Ittlebysaid,“IfIaddwings,thefingerprintscouldlooklikebutterflies.”_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Doyouwanttoaddyourfingerprinttoo?"IttlebyaskedHazel.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
