译林版（2020）选择性必修四 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 训练题 （含答案）

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Unit1Honestyandresponsibility训练题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABelowyouwillfindaprofileofeachgapyearprogram.Ifthereisaspecificprogramyouareinterestedinoraquestionyouhaveregardingtheseprograms,pleasefeelfreetocontactthemdirectly.YouthInternationalSince1997,YouthInternationalhasbeenprovidingmanypeoplewiththemostexcitingandeducationalexperienceoftheirlife.Itisalearningprogramthatcombinesinternationaltravel,inter-culturalexchange,homestays,volunteercommunityserviceworkandoutdooradventures.Phone:720-270-3323CarpeDiemEducationThroughvolunteerservice,travelandculturalexchange,studentsofCarpeDiemEducationreceiveapersonalinsightintothemselvesandtheircultures.Wespecializeinguidingsummerandsemesterprogramsforhighschoolstudents.Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,whoreturnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.Phone:503-285-1800CenterforInterimProgramsFoundedin1980,CenterforInterimProgramsisthefirstindependentgap-yearorganizationinAmerica.Basedonstudents’interestsandbudget,ourexperiencedteachershelpmakeindividualcoursechoicesincluding:lowcostvolunteeroptions,languageprograms,researchtrips,andsoon.Wearecommittedtohelpingstudentsfindmoreexperiencesofformaleducationandwork.Phone:413-585-0980EFGapYearEFGapYearoffersstudentstheabilitytoexploreseveralcountrieswhereyouwilllearnalanguage,volunteerforagoodcause,gaininternationalworkexperience.Choosebetweena12-weeksemesteror26-weekacademicyear.Youcanthenpersonalizeyourprogramtomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterestsbydecidingwhere,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.Ourwell-structuredcurriculumevenallowsyoutoplaceoutofcollege-levelclassesandearnadvancedcreditstowardgraduation.Phone:800-726-97461.Whichphonenumbercanyoudialifyouwanttoimproveyourleadership?A.720-270-3323.B.503-285-1800.C.413-585-0980.D.800-726-9746.2.WhatisEFGapYear’suniquefeature?A.Itsreasonablefee.B.Itsexperiencedteachers.C.Itspersonalizedprogram.D.Itsdiversecurriculumchoices.

13.Whatdothefourprogramshaveincommon?A.Theypayattentiontovolunteerservicework.B.Theycombineeducationwithhomestays.C.Theymainlyoffercross-culturaleducation.D.Theyraisestudents’interestinadventure.B   Overthelastdecade,GrandpaRon,asthestudentscallhim,hasvolunteeredforthousandsofhourseveryyeartobewithlocalschoolchildren—butitwasn'tuntilclassesmovedonlineduetoCOVID-19thatRonJacobsonrealizedhisimpact.Thatimpactreachedfardeeperthanbeingaschoolvolunteer.Andthosestudentswerenowmissingthehugshegavethemeverymornings.   BackinMarch2020,Jacobsonhadalreadyvolunteeredfor900hoursduringthe2019—2020schoolyearbythetimetheCleElum-RoslynElementarySchoolinRonald,Washington,closeditsdoorsandturnedtoonlineteaching.   "Thesekidswhohadreliedonmebeingthereforthemsuddenlylostme,''Jacobsonsaid."Whentheystarteddoingtheirschoolworkonline,severalsaidthattheymissedGrandpaRon."   TheschoolreceivedsomanyrequestsforGrandpaRonthatitaddedJacobson'semailaddressandhomeaddresstotheschool'sonlinedirectory(电话号码簿),allowingstudentstokeepintouchwithJacobson.StudentsimmediatelybegansendingJacobsonemailsandlettersandevencomingtohishometocheckuponhimandoffertowalkhisdog.   Jacobsonnowrespondstoeachofthestudents,addingabrightspottothestudents,daysandhisown.   "Iamhappytolistentothekids'problemsaswell,"Jacobsonsaid."Ihaveheardfromschoolteachersandparentshowmuchthisregularcommunicationhaschangedthekids'attitudes."   TheVeteransofForeignWarshashonoredJacobson—aVietnamveteran(老兵)—bynaminghimaspokesmanfortheircampaign,StillServing,whichshowsmanywaysAmerica'sveteranscontinueservingthesocietyevenafterleavingthearmy.   "TheMarineCorpstaughtmethetwoimportantthings:finishthetaskandtakecareofyourtroops(军队).I'mstilltakingcareofthetroops,"Jacobsonsaid.   It'sjustthattheyare75yearsyoungerthanheis.1.Howdidtheschoolreacttotheschoolkids'requests?A.ItsentJacobsontovisittheminperson.B.ItaskedJacobsontowritetoallofthem.C.Itshowedeverystudent'semailaddress.D.ItofferedJacobson'scontactinformation.2.HowdidJacobsonfeelabouttheonlinecommunicationwiththestudents?A.Pleased.B.Worried.C.Tired.D.Confused.3.WhywasveteranJacobsonregardedasaspokesmanforStillServing?A.Hestillservedthearmy.B.Hetrainedmanyvolunteers.C.Hecontinuedtoserveothers.D.Heencouragedkidstoservepeople.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Schoolteachers.B.Vietnamveterans.C.Localschoolkids.D.Youngvolunteers.C   "Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit."ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.   Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,"Alright.Yes,I'lldoit."   I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.   Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.   Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?1.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tugattheheartstrings"inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She'llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.D   Weeatplantsandjuicethem,andnowitseemswecanminethemtoo!   AfterasuccessfulexperimentontheislandofBorneo,thebotanyprofessorAlanBakerandagroupofresearcherswanttointroducephytomining(harvestingmineralsfromplants)asabetterandpartial

3substitute(代替物)fortraditionalmining.   Phytominingmeanscollectingmetalsfromliveplants.However,thiscanonlybedonewithagroupofplantsknownas"hyperaccumulators(超富集植物)",Therearearound700identifiedtypesworldwide,andwhatmakesthesehyperaccumulatorsspecialisthattheynaturallyattractandabsorbmineralsthroughtheirroots—metalspoisonoustootherplants—andthenstorehugeandpureconcentrationsofthesemineralsintheirbodies.Themetalscanthenbeextractedfromtheplants'sap(汁),oil,orsometimesevenlivetissue.   Bakerandhiscolleaguesseealotofpotentialinphytomining.Notonlycanithelpmeetthegrowingglobaldemandformetals,butitisawayofreducingsomeofthatdamagetotheenvironmentcausedbytraditionalmining.   Oneofthebiggestproblemswithtraditionalminingisthatitpollutesthesurroundingarea.Phytominingcanextractmetalwaste,plusplantingthehyperaccumulatorswouldregrowthedeforestedareascausedbyminingoperations.Asidefromthis,ifphytominingisabletoreplacepartoftraditionalmining,thentherewillbefewerinstancesofbadminingpracticeslikeabandonedmines,whichpollutethenearbywaters.Also,sincephytominingprovidesmetalsthatarealreadynaturallypure,thereisnoneedtousehugeamountsofenergytopurifythem.   Phytomininghasitsdrawbacks.Harvestingplantsonalargescaleisexpensivetoday,comparedtotraditionalmining.Besides,plantscanbewipedoutbydiseasesorunexpectedweatherconditions.   However,therearemanyreasonstoconsiderphytomining.Afterall,weneedtomakesurethatourplanetcanexistpersistentlyandsustainablepracticeslikephytomininggiveusthehopethatouradvancementdoesn'tmeansacrificingMotherEarth.1.Whatmakeshyperaccumulatorsdifferentfromotherplants?A.Thesappoisonoustootherplants.B.Theoilextractedfromliveplanttissue.C.Theabilitytotakeinandstoreminerals.D.Theconcentrationsofmineralsintheirbodies.2.Whatistheadvantageofphytomining?A.Itcanstopdeforestation.B.Itcan'tbedestroyedbydiseases.C.Itmayreducethedesertedmines.D.Itusescleanenergytopurifymetals.3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardphytomining?A.Pessimistic.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Skeptical.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MetalsFromPlantsB.BenefitsofPhytominingC.TheFutureofPhytominingD.WhatAreHyperaccumulators?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

4Somepeopleareblessedwithaseeminglyunshakablepositiveattitude,butmostofusneedtolearnhowtopullourselvesupthroughourownefforts.①_____.Thankfully,hereareseveralscience-backedstrategiestoimproveyourrelationshipwiththepersoninthemirror.②_____Realizethatnegativeemotionsaren'tinherently(天性地)bad—theycanbeuseful.Theinnercallofanxietyremindsyoutofocusonit.Ifyouneedtodealwithanimmediateproblem—say,strictlycontrollingoverspends—thatcalltofocusishelpful.Believethatyoumatter③_____.Spendtimewithlovedones,andremindthemyouofferashouldertocryon.It'snicetoknowthatsomeoneisconsiderate,andtheyinturncancountonyouwhentheyneedhelp.GetmovingThere'snosilverbullet(高招)forovercomingnegativity.④_____.Notonlyisitgoodforstressmanagementandgeneralmentalhealthbutitalsoprovidesasenseofcompetenceandaccomplishment.Overtheyears,dozensofstudieshaveindicatedthatexercisehasasignificantimpactonself-perceptions.⑤_____.Ifgoingtothegymisnotanoptionorveryenjoyabletoyou,thenheadoutdoorsforarunoranicewalk.A.Engageinthelessnegativeself-talkB.EmbracetheupsideoffeelingdownC.ButexerciseistheclosestthingwehaveD.StayingpositivehasbeentoughinadilemmaE.SuchinteractionscanleadtonegativeemotionsF.TheactivityyouchoosematterslessthanenjoyingitandstickingtoitG.Strongpersonalrelationshipsarethebestaidstobelievingyoumatter第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。   Hansenandhis10-year-oldsonChasesearchthestreetsofSaltLakeCityeveryweekendforthehomelesstotaketolunch.TheystartedProjectEmpathy(共情)fouryearsagoto   1  ameal,listentotheirstoriesandfiguredouthowtheycould   2  help.   "Juststartwithasmile,ahello.Itreallyjuststartswiththat.Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.Asmallgesturecanhavea   3  impactonotherslessfortunate,"Hansen   4   inaninterview.   Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger   5  .Ward,ahomeless,was   6   inaflat.HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim   7   thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets."Itisgreattohavefriendswhomakeusfeel   8  andI'mimpressedwiththepair,"Wardsaid.

5   Fatherandson's   9   havedevelopedintoapassionprojectthat   10  faithandcommunity,whichemphasizesthe   11  communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless   12  alone.They'rehopingempathywill   13  .   "Myhopeforthefutureisto   14  moreconnectionacrossourcountry.Wecouldandwewillsucceed    15  wehaveotherpeoplejoininandhelpthehomeless,"Chasesaid.1.A.buy    B.cook    C.share    D.eat2.A.often    B.further    C.also    D.even3.A.dramatic    B.different    C.minimum    D.decisive4.A.remarked    B.praised    C.joked    D.quoted5.A.desires    B.connections    C.motivations    D.opinions6.A.provided    B.permitted    C.abandoned    D.housed7.A.through    B.for    C.despite    D.to8.A.surprised    B.relaxed    C.awesome    D.calm9.A.dreams    B.influences    C.experiences    D.efforts10.A.assesses    B.compares    C.highlights    D.respects11.A.importance    B.task    C.chance    D.role12.A.argument    B.problem    C.debt    D.conflict13.A.goaway    B.catchon    C.fadeout    D.giveoff14.A.spread    B.miss    C.exchange    D.maintain15.A.before    B.if    C.until    D.so第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Attheageof21,ChrisNikicbecamethefirstpersonwithDownsyndrometocompletetheIronmantriathlon,whichconsistedofa2.4-mileswim,a112-milebikerideanda26.2-milerun.Theverythoughtwouldbeenough①_______(put)offthoseinthegreatestphysicalcondition.However,bycompleting ②_______ challengein14minutesundertheofficialcut-offtime,thissportingherosetaGuinnessWorldRecord.This③_______(impress)accomplishmentwasmadepossiblethankstothelovingguidanceofNikic’sfather,Nik.While④_______(raise)Nikic,Nikwasworriedabouthisson’sinactivelifestyle,thusgivinghimthetaskofbecoming1%⑤_______(fit)everyday.Andthefirststep⑥_______(achieve)withasinglepush-up.Now,threeyearslater,Nikichasgatheredmuch⑦_______(strong)anddeterminationtoreallypushhisbodytothelimits.ConsideringthosewithDownsyndromehavetofightvaryingphysicalandlearningdisabilities,Nikic’saccomplishmentisanotherexampleof ⑧_______ peoplewiththisconditionovercomebarriersandachievesuccess.Thekeyforhimisresilience.

6Nikicisn’tstoppingthere.Hehassetnewgoalsfor2021,includingtheplantoparticipate ⑨_______ thespecialOlympicsinOrlando,Floridain2022.Undoubtedly,withhisfamily,friendsandfollowersbyhisside,Nikic⑩_______(continue)tosetnewrecords.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华,准备参加学校举办的主题为“什么是当代中学生应具备的最重要的品质?”的英语演讲比赛。请按下列要求写一篇80词左右的演讲稿。演讲稿的开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。最重要的品质主要包括:1. 有强烈的求知欲;2. 善良、诚实、谦虚、自信;3. 勤奋、执着、积极向上;4. 有强烈的责任感。参考词汇:persistent执着的diligent勤奋的Hello,everyone!I'mgladtomakeaspeechhere.Thefollowingismytopic:Whatarethemostimportantqualitiesthatmiddleschoolstudentstodayshouldhave?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That'sall.Thankyou.第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Acouple,whomweshallcallJohnandMary,hadanicehomeandtwolovelychildren.Oneday,JohnandMarydecidedtogoonatriptoanothercity,sotheygotakindwomantolookafterthechildrenandleft.Severaldayslater,theyreturnedhomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydrovebacktotheirhometown,JohnandMarynoticedsmokeandwenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahousewasonfire."Oh,well,itisn'tourhouse.Let'sgohome,"Marysaid.ButJohndrovecloserandscreamedinsurprise,"That'sJordan'shome.Heworksinafactory.Hewouldn'tbeoffworkyet.Maybethereissomethingwecandotohelp.""Ithasnothingtodowithus,"criedMary."Youhaveyourgoodclotheson,solet'snotgetanycloser."Johndidn'tlistentoMary.Hedroveupandstopped.Theywerebothshockedtoseethewholehousewasonfire.Awomanwascryingintheyard,"Thechildren!Getthechildren!"Johnseizedherbytheshoulderandshoutedtoher,"Don'tcry!Tellmewherethechildrenare!""Inthebasement(地下室),"criedthewoman,"downthehallandtotheleft"

7Johnusedwatertogethisclotheswetandputawettowelonhisheadbeforerushingtothebasement.Thehousewasfullofsmokeandfire,anditwasverydifficultforhimtofindthechildren.Buthemadeit.Heheldoneundereacharm.Asheleft,hecouldhearsomemorecrying.Hetookthetwokidsoutofthehouseandintothefreshair,andthenaskedthewomenhowmanymorechildrenwerestilldownthere.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Paragraph1:Thewomantoldhimthereweretwomore.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Ashetookthemouthefeltsomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8答案解析第一部分阅读理解第一节A答案：1-3BCA解析：1.细节理解题。根据CarpeDiemEducation部分中的Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,whoreturnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.可知,每一门课程都经过精心设计,旨在培养学生的领导能力和自我意识,让他们能更好地为成为思维和行动的领导者做好准备。由此可知,如果你想提高你的领导能力,你可以拨打503-285-1800。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据EFGapYear部分中的Youcanthenpersonalizeyourprogramtomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterestsbydecidingwhere,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.可知,您可以通过决定自己希望在哪里、何时以及如何学习来个性化您的课程,以满足您的学习目标和兴趣。由此可知,EFGapYear的独特之处是它的个性化课程。故选C。其余三项均不符合题意。3.细节理解题。通读全文可知,YouthInternational、CarpeDiemEducation、CenterforInterimPrograms及EFGapYear这四个项目都包括关键词volunteer。由此可知,它们的共同之处在于它们重视志愿服务工作。故选A。其余三项不是共同之处。B答案：1-4DACC解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Theschoolreceivedsomanyrequests…keepintouchwithJacobson.可知,学校收到了很多关于GrandpaRon的要求,于是将Jacobson的电子邮件地址和家庭地址添加到学校的在线通讯录中,让学生们能够与Jacobson保持联系。由此可知,面对学生的要求,学校提供了Jacobson的联系方式。故选D项。A项“学校派Jacobson亲自去拜访他们”;B项“学校要求Jacobson给他们所有的人写信”;C项“学校出示了每个学生的电子邮件地址”。2.推理判断题。根据第五段Jacobsonnowrespondstoeachofthestudents,addingabrightspottothestudents'daysandhisown.和第六段第一句“Iamhappytolistentothekids'problemsaswell,”Jacobsonsaid.可知,在线上与孩子们交流时,Jacobson很高兴听到孩子们的问题,他认为对学生的问题做出回应,给自己的生活增添了亮点。由此可知,与学生的在线交流使Jacobson感到高兴。故选A项。3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知,StillServing运动显示了美国老兵即使离开军队也能用许多方式继续服务社会,海外退伍军人协会认为Jacobson是他们运动的代言人,是因为作为一名美国老兵,他在离开军队后,仍然在学校做志愿者,以另一种方式为社会服务。故选C项。A项“他仍然为军队服务”;B项“他培训了许多志愿者”;D项“他鼓励孩子们为人民服务”。这三项均不符合题意。4.推理判断题。根据第一段中的Overthelastdecade,GrandpaRon,asthestudentscallhim,hasvolunteeredforthousandsofhourseveryyeartobewithlocalschool

9children可知,在过去的十年里,Jacobson一直在学校做志愿者,再结合画线单词所在句中的75yearsyoungerthanheis(比他年轻75岁)可知,“they”指代的应该是上文提到的“localschoolchildren”。故选C项。C答案：1-4CBDB解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的第一句可知,这位家长让作者把她当作最后的备选,也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C项。2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分的前后文可知,作者为了劝服这位家长举了两个例子。故可知,画线部分应有“煽情”之意。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及"thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam"可知,她最终成为了志愿者队伍中重要的一员,即她成了一个好帮手。故选D项。4.细节理解题。题干问“作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作”。根据第四段最后两句可知,作者认为为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐,参加志愿者活动能让人感到快乐。故选B项。D答案：1-4CCBA解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"whatmakesthesehyperaccumulatorsspecialisthattheynaturallyattractandabsorbmineralsthroughtheirroots...andthenstorehugeandpureconcentrationsofthesemineralsintheirbodies"可知,超富集植物之所以独特,是因为它们可以通过根部吸收矿物质并将这些纯净的矿物质大量储存在体内。故选C项。2.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"ifphytominingisabletoreplacepartoftraditionalmining,thentherewillbefewerinstancesofbadminingpracticeslikeabandonedmines"可知,如果植物采矿可以代替部分传统采矿模式,就不会有那么多废弃的矿井。故选C项。3.考查观点态度。根据最后一段最后一句中的"sustainablepracticeslikephytomininggiveusthehopethatouradvancementdoesn'tmeansacrificingMotherEarth"可知,作者认为像植物采矿这样的可持续发展的做法对地球有好处。由此推知,作者对植物采矿持支持的态度。故选B项。3.考查主旨大意。"Weeatplantsandjuicethem,andnowitseemswecanminethemtoo!"开篇点题,然后文章接着介绍了植物采矿的含义及其优缺点。故A项"来自植物的金属"可以概括全文。第二节答案：①-⑤DBGCF解析：①本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有着不可动摇的积极心态,但我们大多数人需要学习如何通过自己的努力让自己振作起来。文章介绍了一些有科学依据的策略,可以改善你在困境中的心态。由下文"Thankfully,hereareseveralscience-backedstrategiestoimproveyourrelationshipwiththepersoninthemirror."可知,幸运的是,这里有一些有科学依据的策略,可以改善你在困境中的心态,由句中的Thankfully可知,上文应描述消极的情况,D项“在困境中保持积极的状态一直是艰难的”承接自然。故选D。

10②此空是小标题,根据形式一致原则,应该用短小精悍的祈使句,在A、B项中做出选择。根据下文提示"Realizethatnegativeemotionsaren'tinherently(天性地)bad—theycanbeuseful...focusishelpful."可知,要意识到负面情绪本身并不是坏的——它们可能是有用的。焦虑的内在呼唤会提醒你去关注它。如果你需要处理一个迫在眉睫的问题,比如严格控制超支,那么提醒自己集中精力是有帮助的,B项“拥抱低落情绪的积极面”切题,是对下文的概括总结,是本段的主题。故选B。③根据下文提示"Spendtimewithlovedones,andremindthemyouofferashouldertocryon.It'snicetoknowthatsomeoneisconsiderate,andtheyinturncancountonyouwhentheyneedhelp."可知,此处应陈述建立人际关系的重要性,G项“牢固的人际关系是让你相信自己重要的最好帮助”切题。该项中的Strongpersonalrelationships与下文的Spendtimewithlovedones相吻合。故选G。④下文"Notonlyisitgoodforstressmanagementandgeneralmentalhealthbutitalsoprovidesasenseofcompetenceandaccomplishment."与C项"但锻炼是最接近我们的东西"承接自然,下文中的it指代的就是该项中的exercise,是进一步解释。且选项内容符合本段小标题“Getmoving(行动起来)”,故选C。⑤下文"Ifgoingtothegymisnotanoptionorveryenjoyabletoyou,thenheadoutdoorsforarunoranicewalk."与F项"你选择的活动不如享受它并坚持下去重要"承接自然,下文内容是对该项的进一步解释说明。故选F。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5CBAAB5-10DACDC11-15DBBAB解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:四年前,他们启动了共情项目,来共享食物、听他们的故事以及想想他们如何提供进一步的帮助。A.buy买;B.cook烹饪;C.share共享;D.eat吃。根据下文的Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger   5   .可知此处用"共享"符合语境,share是原词复现,故选C项。2.考查副词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.often常常;B.further进一步;C.also也;D.even甚至。结合上下文可知,此处是指,除了给那些无家可归的人共享食物和听他们讲述自己的事情外,父子两如何为他们提供进一步的帮助,故选B项。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Hansen在以此采访中说:"一个小小的行为能够给那些不幸的人带来巨大的影响。"A.dramatic巨大的;B.different不同的;C.minimum最小的;D.decisive决定性的。根据下文的HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim   7   thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets.可知Hansen的行为让Ward有了巨大改变,故选A项。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.remarked说;B.praised赞美;C.joked开玩笑;D.quoted引用。此处用了Hanson采访时说的一句话,故用"说"符合语境,故选A项。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些共享的食物已经变成了强有力的联系。A.desires渴望;B.connections联系;C.motivations动机;D.opinions意见。根据上文的Ifyoudoit,youcanmakea

11connection.可知此处用"联系"符合语境,connection是原词复现,故选B项。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Ward,一个无家可归的人,被安置在一间平房里。A.provided提供;B.permitted允许;C.abandoned抛弃;D.housed提供住所。结合上下文可知,此处是指Hanson父子给Ward提供了一间平房用来居住,故选D项。7.考查介词词义辨析。句意:他感谢Hanson父子帮助他度过了搬离街道的艰难过程。A.through穿过;B.for为了;C.despite尽管;D.to向,对于。根据句意可知,此处考查固定用法helpsbthrough"帮某人度过",故选A项。8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:ward说:"有让人感觉良好的朋友真好,我对他们两人印象深刻。"A.surprised惊讶的;B.relaxed放松的;C.awesome很好的;D.calm冷静的。结合上下文可知,Hanson父子帮助无家可归的人,和他们共享食物、给他们提供住所等,这让他们感觉非常好,故选C项。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:父亲和儿子的努力已经发展成为一个强调信仰和社区的激情项目,它强调了社区成员能够帮助无家可归者的角色。A.dreams梦想;B.influences影响;C.experiences经历;D.efforts努力。结合上下文可知,此处是指父子两帮助无家可归的人的努力,影响了周围的人,故选D项。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.assesses评估;B.compares比较;C.highlights强调;D.respects尊敬。根据下文的whichemphasizesthe   11   communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.可知此处用"强调"符合语境,highlight和emphasize是同义词复现,故选C项。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.importance重要性;B.task任务;C.chance机会;D.role角色。结合上下文可知,此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮助无家可归的人,即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色,故选D项。12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们知道,以他们的一己之力无法解决无家可归的问题。A.argument争论;B.problem问题;C.debt债;D.conflict冲突。根据常识可知,无家可归是一个社会问题,故选B项。13.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他们希望"共情"可以变得流行。A.goaway走开;B.catchon变得流行;C.fadeout淡出;D.giveoff散发(光/热/气体)。根据上文的Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless   12   alone.可推测,他们希望"共情"这个项目可以变得流行,这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者,故选B项。14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Chase说:"我将来的愿望是在全国范围内传播更多的联系。我可以且一定会成功,如果有其他人加入来帮助无家可归者。"A.spread传播;B.miss错过;C.exchange交换;D.maintain维持。根据下文的acrossourcountry可知此处用"传播"符合语境,故选A项。15.考查连词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.before在......之前;B.if如果;C.until直到;D.so因此。根据句意可知,此处用"如果"符合语境,故选B项。第二节

12答案：①toput②the③impressive④raising⑤fitter⑥wasachieved⑦strength⑧how⑨in⑩willcontinue解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:这个比赛项目足够困难,使那些身体状况最好的人望而却步。behardenoughtodosth.为固定搭配。故填toput。②考查冠词。句意:然而,这位体育英雄完成了这项挑战,比官方截止时间还快14分钟,创下了吉尼斯世界纪录。此处为特指,应用定冠词。故填the。③考查形容词。句意:多亏了Nikic的父亲Nik慈爱的指导,这个令人赞叹的成就才成为可能。设空处修饰名词accomplishment,应用形容词作定语。故填impressive。④考查状语从句的省略。句意:在抚养Nikic的过程中,Nik担心他儿子不积极的生活方式,因此给了他每天更健康1%的任务。在while引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,从句完整形式为"WhileNikwasraisingNikic",省略了Nikwas。故填raising。⑤考查比较级。句意同上。设空处作表语,表示“更健康的”,应用fit的比较级fitter。故填fitter。⑥考查动词的时态和语态。句意:第一步是通过一个俯卧撑完成的。句子描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,主语与achieve构成被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为thefirststep,谓语动词用单数形式。故填wasachieved。⑦考查名词。句意:现在,三年过去了,Nikic已经积聚了足够的力量和决心来真正将自己的身体推向极限。设空处作宾语,表示“力量”,为不可数。故填strength。⑧考查宾语从句。句意:考虑到唐氏综合征患者必须与身体障碍和学习障碍作斗争,Nikic的成就是唐氏综合征患者如何克服障碍并取得成功的另一个例子。此处为宾语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,应用how引导。故填how。⑨考查介词。句意:他为2021年设定了新的目标,包括计划参加2022年在佛罗里达州奥兰多举行的特奥会。participatein为固定搭配。故填in。⑩考查动词时态。句意:毫无疑问,在他的家人、朋友和追随者的陪伴下,Nikic将继续创造新的纪录。此处表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时。故填willcontinue。第三部分写作第一节答案：Onepossibleversion:Hello,everyone!I'mgladtomakeaspeechhere.Thefollowingismytopic:Whatarethemostimportantqualitiesthatmiddleschoolstudentstodayshouldhave?Inmyopinion,themostimportantqualitiescanbesummarizedasfollows.First,astrongdesireforknowledgeisofgreatimportancebecauseitmotivatesustoseekknowledgeconstantly.Second,kindness,honesty,modestyandself-confidencearealsoimportantqualities,whicharepartofourpersonalityandcontributetoourfuturedevelopment.Third,diligence,persistenceandoptimismarealsoessentialforusbecausethosewhoaremoreoptimistic,diligentandpersistentarelikelytosucceednomatterwhattheydo.

13What'smore,havingastrongsenseofresponsibilityisequallyimportantbecauseweshouldberesponsibleforlifeandourfuture.That'sall.Thankyou.第二节答案：Onepossibleversion:Paragraph1:Thewomantoldhimthereweretwomore.Marygraspedhisarmandscreamed,"John!Don'tgobackin!It'sdangerous.Thehousecouldfalldowninasecond!"Hedidn'tlistentoherandwentbackintotheburninghouse.Hewentbacktothebasementbyfeelinghiswaydownthesmokeandintotheroom.Itseemedlikeacenturybeforehefoundthetwochildren.Theywereallcoughing.Sohetriedtowalkclosertothegroundtogetthecleanerairthere.Paragraph2:Ashetookthemout,hefeltsomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies.Asheclimbeduptheendlesssteps,thefeelingbecamemuchstronger.Consideringtheemergency,hesetasidehisthoughts.Fortunately,theyfinallycameoutintothefreshair.Tohisgreatsurprise,thechildrenhehadjustrescuedwerehisownkids.Knowingwhathadhappened,Maryrantothemintearsandthewholefamilyhuggedtogether.Itturnedoutlaterthatthebaby-sitterhadlefttheminthishousewhileshewascooking.Fortunately,whenJohnsavedothers,healsosavedhisownchildren.