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必修一Unit5一轮复习
1Despitearegard
2长难句理解Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.定语从句中国以其古老的文明而闻名,尽管历史上有许多起起伏伏,但它一直延续到现代。让步状语从句
3长难句理解Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.定语从句造成这种情况的原因有很多,但其中一个主要因素是汉语书写系统。并列连词
4长难句理解Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.定语从句它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——动物的骨头和贝壳,古代中国人在它们上面雕刻着符号。
5onwhich1.which在限制性和非限制性定语从句中作介词宾语时,该介词可提前至which前,此时,which不可省略(因为省了会造成句子混乱)Shehasthedesign(which)sheisadmiredforbyhercolleague.=Shehasthedesignforwhichsheisadmiredbyhercolleague.(which不可省)Thiscarpet(which)youarewalkingonisnolongerours.=Thiscarpetonwhichyouarewalkingisnolongerours.(which不可省)
6onwhich2.whom限制性和非限制性定语从句作介词宾语时,介词可提前至whom前,此时,whom不可省略;TheboywhomIspoketoisaniceperson.与我讲话的男孩子是个不错的人。=TheboytowhomIspokeisaniceperson.(whom不可省)Theretailer,whomIpurchasedmylaptopfrom,isanoldman.那个零售商是个老人,他卖给我笔记本电脑。=Theretailer,fromwhomIpurchasedmylaptop,isanoldman.(whom不可省)
7onwhich3.whose对应先行词是事物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhichHisdeath,whosecauseisunknown,surprisesus.他那不知原因的的死亡令我们惊讶。=Hisdeath,thecauseofwhichisunknown,surprisesus.
8onwhich4.关系副词可与介词+which转换Ishallneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)wefirstmet.Hecameatatimewhen(atwhich)wewerebadlyinneedofhelp.Theschoolwhere(in/atwhich)theyareworkingisnotfar.Thatisn’tthehotelwhere(atwhich)shestayedwhenshewasinLondon.Hedidn’tgivethereasonwhy(forwhich)hecamesoearly.Thereasonwhy(forwhich)yourletterwasreturnedisthatIdon’tlivethereanymore.
9onwhich5.One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.
10toconsultwhatworking
11长难句理解Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographicallyleadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.原因状语从句这些年来,这个系统发展成了不同的形式,因为在这个时代,人们在地理上被分割,从而产生了许多不同的方言和文字。定语从句现在分词做结果状语
12as1、as...as的用法as...as意为"和……一样",表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词。其基本结构为:as+adj./adv.+as。例如:(1)Yourpenwritesassmoothlyasmine.(2)Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.其否定式为notas/so+adj./adv.+as。Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.若有修饰成分,如twice,threetimes,half,aquarter等,则须置于第一个as之前。Yourbagistwiceasexpensiveasmine.
13as2、as引导时间状语从句此时,as译作“当……时候”,可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后。Hesmiledashesaidgoodbyetome.他向我道别时微笑了一下。Asshewaswalkinginthepark,sheheardagirlsinging.她在公园里散步时,听到一位女孩在唱歌。IsanganEnglishsongasIwentalongtheriver.我边沿河边走边唱英文歌。
14as3、as用作连词引导原因状语从句as,because,since都可以表示因果关系,连接原因状语从句,含义是"因为,由于",但它们有区别:because表示的语气最强;as一般放在句首,语气较弱,较口语化;since常常用在书面语中,表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因,有时可译作"既然"。(1)Hewillsucceedbecauseheisinearnest.他一定会成功,因为他很认真。(2)Sinceyouaresosureofithe”llbelieveyou.既然你对此如此有把握,他会相信你的。
15as4、as引导让步状语从句:此时,as译作“尽管”。当as引导让步状语从句时,不把as放在从句的开头,而是将充当从句主要成分的形容词、副词、分词、动词原形或不加冠词的单数可数名词置于前面。(1)将表语放在句首,再将as放在表语和主语之间。Childasheis,heknowsquitealotofthings.(2)将状语放在句首,再将as放在状语(副词)和主语之间。Muchasshelikes,shewillnottakeit.(3)将主动词放在句首,再将as放在主动词和主语之间。Tryashedid,hedidn’tsucceed.
16现在分词做结果状语﹡Thereismudandwatereverywhere,makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace是结果状语。现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性(自然结果)。﹡Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.他每天回来得很晚,这是他的妻子很生气。﹡Maryfailedallherexams,makingbothherparentsveryangry.玛丽未能通过一门考试,这是她父母非常生气。
17长难句理解ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.过去分词作后置定语对汉字书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出来,汉字作为一种被称为中国书法的艺术形式,它已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。定语从句
18isbasedonhardworkto欣赏