人教版英语分册复习知识点八年级上册Units5-6

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人教版英语分册复习知识点八年级上册Units5-6Units5-6词组:studyfora(math)test为(数学)考试而学习gotothedocter=seeadoctor看医生haveapianolesson上钢琴课takeactinglessons上表演课havetodosth不得不做某事gototheconcert去参加音乐课thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天tennistraining网球训练callsb给某人打电话stay/keephealthy保持健康keepquiet/clean保持安静/干净shoppingmall/center购物中心thewholeday=alltheday一整天insomeways在某些方面morethan=over多于,超过lessthan不到,少于as+adj.原级+as与……一样notas/so+adj.原级+as与……不一样lookthesame看起来相同

1makesbdosth使得某人做某事tellajoke/story讲笑话/讲故事tellalie/truth撒谎/讲真话two-weekschooltrip=twoweeks’schooltrip为期两周的学校旅行重点句型:1.Canyoucometomybirthdayparty?Yes,I’dloveto./Sorry,Ican’t,Ihavetostudyforatest./I’msorry.I’mplayingsocceronSunday.2.Whenistheparty?It’satseven-thirty.3.TomhasshorthairthanSam.TomiscalmerthanSam.日常交际用语：邀请和应答（Invationsandresponses）a.Willyoucometo…….?Wouldyouliketo……?Canyoucometo……?Ihopeyoucan….b.Yes,I’dlove/liketo.Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.c.I’dlove/liketo,but……练习:()1.“CanyouhelpmemyEnglish?“”.

2A.with;WithpleasureB.for;WithpleasureC.with;ApleasureD.for;Apleasure()2.“Wouldyouliketojoinusinbasketball?”“butI’mafraidIhavetostudyformysciencetest.”A.Iwouldn’tB.I’dlovetoC.I’dlikeD.Idon’tlikeit()3.“CanyougotothemoviewithusonSunday?”“Ofcourse.isit?”“5:00intheafternoon.”A.WhereB.WhattimeC.HowsoonD.When()4.mecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyoume?A.Listento;hearfromB.Hear;listentoC.Hear;hearD.Listento;hear()5.Whichisbigger,sunormoon?A.a;aB./;/C.the;/D.the;the()6.Theblueskirtisthanthewhiteone.A.dearB.muchexpensiveC.expensiveD.muchmoreexpensive()7.TherearemorestudentsinGradeTwothan.A.GradeOneB.othergradeC.inGradeOneD.anygrade()8.Whichwouldyoulike,thisoneorthatone?

3A.veryB.wellC.betterD.good()9.Johncan’tgetupsoashislittlesister.A.earlierB.earlyC.moreearlyD.veryearly()10.IsTara’sbookcheaperthan?A.he’sB.himC.your’sD.his()11.Thankyouformefindmylittlecatyesterday.A.helpB.helpsC.helpedD.helping()12.—CouldIpleaseuseyourcomputer?—.A.Yes,Ican.B.Yes,youcan’tC.Sorry,youcan’tD.No,Ican’t.()13.I’mshort,soIwanttobe.A.heavierB.largerC.tallerD.bigger情态动词情态动词的语法特征:1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2)情态动词除have外,后面只能接不带to的不定式。3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s(但是have除外)。4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式。

4一.情态动词haveto和must1)两词都是“必须”的意思,haveto表示客观的需要,must表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.　我弟弟病得厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来(客观上需要做这件事)Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)2)haveto有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.3)在否定结构中:don’thaveto表示“不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止”。Youdon’thavetotellhimaboutit.你不必把此事告诉他。Youmustn’ttellhimaboutit.　　你一定不要把这件事告诉他。4)must还可以用于表示猜测,暗含很大的可能性,只用于肯定句,否定句中用can’tYoumustbehungry.你一定饿了.Hecan’tbeathome.他不可能在家.二.情态动词can与could的区别：1.can与could都是情态动词,could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求,但是用法稍有不同。can表示一般性的请求,语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈,上级对下级的场合。

5e.g.Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?(Tony,你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗?)could表示有礼貌的请求,语气委婉,常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈,下级对上级的场合.e.g.CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?Sure.请告诉我们,澳大利亚冬天下雪吗?当然可以。含有could表示语气委婉的句子在回答中不可用could。---CouldIhavethetelevisionon?(我可以打开电视吗?)---Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.2.在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。Hecan’tbeabadman.　　他不可能是坏人。典型例题1）---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourse,you____.　A.might　B.will　C.can　D.shouldcould表示委婉的语气,并不为时态。答语中ofcourse,表示肯定的语气,允许某人做某事时,用can和may来表达,不能用could或might。复习:will与you连用,用来提出要求或下命令。should与you连用,用来提出劝告。　2）---ShallItellJohnaboutit?---No,you___.I'vetoldhimalready.　　

6A.needn’t　　B.wouldn’t　　C.mustn’t　　D.shouldn’t答案A.needn’t不必,不用,wouldn’t将不,不会。mustn’t禁止,不能。shouldn’t不应该。本题为不需要,不必的意思,应用needn’t。3)---Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.---__.A.Idon’t　B.Iwon’t　C.Ican’t　D.Ihaven’t答案B.will既可当作情态动词,表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表“意愿、意志、决心”,本题表示决心,选B。三．情态动词may与might(1)may与might的形式肯定式否定式缩略否定式现在时maymaynotmayn’t过去时mightmightnotmightn’t注：mayn’t比较少见。（2）may与might的用法①表示推测,暗含不确定.Hemay/mightarrivetomorrow.他可能明天到.②表示允许,多用于肯定句和疑问句.Youmayusemypen.MightIcomein?

7用法点津:①may和might表示许可比can和could更正式,might含有试探和犹豫不决的意思.表示许可时,用may不用might,maynot用来表示拒绝和禁止.②may和might常用来表示将要发生和正在发生的事的可能性.might不是may的过去式,它所表示的可能性比may更小.may不用于于提问是否可能的疑问句.③在主句是过去式的宾语从句中总是用might而不是may.用法比较:maynotcannotcan’tmaynot指”可能不”,而cannot指”不可能”Itmaynotbetrue.这可能不是真是真的.Itcannotbetrue.这不可能是真的.四.shall和should(1)shall的用法shall作为情态动词的各种形式与作助动词的形式相同.①表示征询意见,用于第一和第三人称的疑问句.ShallItakeyoutothehospital？Shallwegotothezoo?②表示许诺,警告等,用于第二.第三人称.Youshallgetananswerfrommetomorrow.明天你就会得到我的答复了.Youshallbepunshiedforwhatyou”vedone.你应当为你所做的受到惩罚.

8用法点津:(1)ShallI…?用来询问对方的意见.其肯定答语为:Yyes.please./Yes,thankyou.其否定答语为:No,pleasedon’t./Sorry,…如:---ShallIleavethedooropen?我可以开着门吗?---Yes,please./Sorry,Ifeelalittlecold.好的./对不起,我感觉有点冷.(1)Shallwe….?是向对方提出建议.其肯定回答:Allright./Yes,let’s.其否定回答为:Sorry,I’mafriedwecan’t./No,let’snot.---Shallwestartoffnow?我们现在可以开始了吗?Yeslet’s./Sorry,Lucyhasn’tturnedupyet.好的./对不起,露西还没来呢.(1)should的用法should是shall的过去式,用作情态动词时,他们是两个不同的词.①表义务和职责Weshouldsavewater.我们应该节约用水.Weshouldprotectenvironment.我们应当保护环境.②表建议Youshouldgotoseeadoctor.你应当去看医生.Youshouldn’talwaysstayathomeandkeepplayingcomputergames.你不应该总是呆在家里玩电脑游戏.③表征求意见

9WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddowiththeproblem?你认为我应该如何处理这个问题?ShouldIhelpyouwiththecleaning?我可以帮你打扫卫生吗?五.will和would(1)will作为情态动词,可用于各人称,表示意愿或决心,意思是想要,打算.would表示过去的意愿和打算.Iwilldoitassoonaspossible.Hesaidhewouldtryhisbesttohelphisfriend.Will作为情态动词,在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求.邀请等,would表示更有礼貌,语气更为委婉的请求.Willyougowithus?Wouldyoumindmyopeningthedoor?六.情态动词needNeed既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词.作情态动词时,不可以用于肯定句中,其对比如下表所示:动词形式各种形式情态动词实义动词肯定句Youneedtobecareful.

10否定句Youneedn’ttobesoworried.Youdon’tneedtobesoworried.肯定疑问式NeedIsaymytelephonenumberagain?DoIneedtosaymytelephonenunberagain?否定疑问式Needn’thecomeagain?Needhenotcomeagain?Doesn’theneedtocomeagain?Doeshenotneedtocomeagain?练习：用情态动词can,can’t,may,must,mustn’t,needn’t,could填空。1.---_____youcomeandplaywithusnow? ---I’mafraidI_____.I_____dothecooking.I____comelater.2.---_____wecleanthewindowstoday?    ---No,you_______.You____cleanthemtomorrow. 3.---____IwatchTVthisevening,mum?

11 ---No,you_______.Work_____comefirst.4.---____Icomein,please?  ----Yes,please.5.Excuseme.____youtellmethewaytothecinema?单项选择题：1.---Mr.Li,mayIgohomenow?----No,you_____.youshouldsweepthefloorfirst.A.can’tB.mustC.needn’tD.can2.Here’sthemassagefromtheheadteacher：Ifyou_____finishtheworktoday,you_____attendpartytomorrow.A.don’t；won’tB.can’t;shan’tC.won’t;can’tD.can’t;won’t3.I’msorry.I_____gonow.Myfathertoldmeonthephonethatmymotherwasill.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.think4.----Let’sgodancingtonight.----Sorry,I_____.Ihavetogotoameeting.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.can’t5.----ShallIbooksomeseatsfortheconcert?----____,I’vealreadymyhomework.AYes,youmayB.No,youmustn’tC.No,youdidn’tD.I’drathernot

126.----Mum,I’vefinishedmyhomework._____Igooutandplayforawhile?----No,I’mafraidnot.Ihavesomeotherexercisesforyou.A.MustB.MayC.WouldD.Will7.Cars,busesandbikes____stopwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.canB.mustC.mayD.need8.----_____IborrowyourMP3?---Sure.Hereyouare.A.MayB.ShouldC.MustD.Would9.---ShouldIcallMaryhererightaway?----No,you_____.Sheisonthewayhere.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.couldn’t10.----MustIstayhereforhours?----No,you_____.Youcanleaveanytime.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.couldn’t11.Mary_____beathome.Isawherinthelibraryjustnow.A.mustn’tB.havetoC.shouldn’tD.can’t12.----Ilikethepartysomuch,butI_____gohome.It’stoolate.----Whatapity!A.mustn’tB.havetoC.mayD.can’t13.----WhatdidyourP.E.teachersayaboutyourhighjumpatthesportsmeeting?----HesaidthatI_____better.

13A.candoB.amC.willdoD.coulddo14.----Look!MrHuisontheothersideofthestreet.----It’s_____behim.HehasgonetoLanzhou.A.mustn’tdoB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.won’t15.----Mustwecleantheclassroomnow?----No,you_____.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.aren’t16.----MayIgosurfingalonethisafternoon,Dad?----No,you____.Itisdangerous.A.maynotB.can’tC.needn’tD.don’t17.----Let’sgotoTaishanParkbytaxi.----It’snotfar.We_____takeataxi.A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t18.AlicehasbeeninChinaforseveralyears.She____beabiggirlnow.A.needB.mustC.canD.may19.----Peter,don’tplaythatkindofjokeanymore!----Sorry.I_____doitagain.A.won’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t20.---MustIcopythenewwordsnow?---No,you______,you______doitafterclass.A.needn’t,mustn’tB.mustn’t,may

14C.needn’t,mayD.mustn’t,must