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人教版英语分册复习知识点八年级下册Units7-8复习要点重点句型1.--Wouldyoumindmovingyourbike?--Notatall.I’lldoitrightaway.2.--Couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?--Sorry,I’lldoitrightaway.3.--WhatshouldIgetmymom?--HowaboutaCD?--No,that’stoocheap.4.--What’sthebestpresentyouhaveeverreceived?--Abike.重点短语1.wouldminddoingsth介意做某事2.wouldmindnotdoingsth不介意做某事3.turndown调低,关小(收音机等)4.turnup调高4.rightaway=atonce=inaminute立刻,马上5.getannoyed=getmad恼怒,生气6.waitinline排队等候7.followsbaround跟在某人周围8.orderfood/room订购食物/房间10.sometime一段时间11.sometime某个时间
112.socialbehavior社会行为13.putout扑灭,熄灭14.Whydon’tyou+动词原型…?=Whynot+动词原型…?为什么不…?15.special/creativeenough够特别/够有创意16.too…to…太…而不能17.goodcompany好伙伴18.giveaway赠送,分发,捐给…19.payfor…为…付钱,付报酬20.ratherthan而不是21.enteracontest参加一个比赛22.alloverChina/theworld全中国/全世界23.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事24.makeprogress取得进步25.hearof听说26.makefriendswith…和…交朋友语法要点:动词不定式不定式的形式:(to)+do,具有名词,形容词,副词的特征。否定式:not+(to)do动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,即不受主语的人称和单复数的限定和影响,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式的语法功能:1.作主语:Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.十分钟内完成这项工作是很困难的。Toloseyourheartmeansfailure.
2失去信心就意味着失败。动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,然后将不定式置于句末。例如上面两句可用如下形式:Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.1.作表语,表示主语的“职业,职责或性质”等:Herjobistocleanthehall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。Heseemstoknoweverythingaboutthisthing.他似乎对这件事情什么都知道。2.作宾语:常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want,hope,wish,ask,(would)like,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,(would)prefer。如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面。HefounditimportanttostudyEnglish.他发现学习英语很重要。动词不定式也可充当介词宾语。Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.除了呆在这儿我没有别的选择。HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.上周日他除了修他的自行车外什么也没做。3.
3作宾语补足语,用以说明宾语的性质,身份,特征和行为等情况:以下动词常跟动词不定式充当宾语补足语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call,waitfor,invite.ItoldJefftogiveuphisbadhabits,buthewouldn’tlisten.我告诉杰夫让他改掉坏习惯,但他不听。1.作定语:动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:A.动宾关系:Ihavesomefriendstoinvite.我要邀几个朋友。用法点津:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点,工具等,应有必要的介词。Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.他发现一个可以住的好房子。Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout.孩子没有什么可担心的。如果不定式修饰time,place,way,可以省略介词:Hehasnoplacetolive.他没有地方住。Thisisthebestwaytoworkoutthisproblem.这是算出这道题最好的方法。A.说明所修饰名词的内容:
4Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.我们有一个完成这项工作的计划。A.被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:Heisthefirsttogetthere.他是第一个到那的。二、作状语:A.表目的:Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.他日夜工作来赚钱。B.表结果:Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.他到迟了结果发现火车开走了。常用only放在不定式前表示强调:Nellwentawayonlytoleavehistwochildrenbythemselves.内尔走了,结果只留下两个孩子。C.表原因,这种原因状语往往跟在表示“高兴,愉快,生气,荣耀,遗憾”等形容词之后,说明之所以产生这些情绪的原因:Theywereverysadtohearthenews.听到这个消息他们非常伤心。D.表程度:It’stoodarkforustoseeanything.天太黑了,我们什么也看不见。Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。三、作独立成分:
5Totellyouthetruth,wedon’twanttohaveyou.实话告诉你吧,我们不想和你在一起。一、不定式的并列,第二个不定式可省略to:Hewishedtostudymedicineandbecomeadoctor.他想学医并成为一名医生。不带to的不定式1.使役动词let(让),make(使),have(使)等;感官动词see(看见),hear(听见),feel(感到),watch(观看),notice(注意到),lookat(看),listento(听)等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。但改为被动语态时,不定式前应加上to。如:Theyheardhersinginthenextroom.他们听见她在隔壁的诚心房间唱歌。Shewasheardtosinginthenextroom。(被动句)help后面的不定式作宾语补足语,可以带to也可不带to。如:Shehelpedherparents(to)cleanthehouse.她帮助父母打扫房屋。2.不定式作表语,其前面的主语从句中含有do时,后面的to省略。Whathedidwaslosethegame.他所做的就是输掉了比赛。3.句中含有动词do时,but,except,beside,suchas等后面to可省略。如:Don’tdoanythingsilly,suchasmarryhim.不要做任何的蠢事了,比如说和他结婚。
61.句中含有不定式,后面有ratherthan,ratherthan后面省略to。如:I’dprefertostayhereratherthangothere.我宁愿呆在这儿也不愿意去那儿。动词不定式与疑问词的连用不定式可以和疑问代词who,what,which,及疑问副词when,how,where连用,构成不定式短语,在句中担当主语,宾语,表语等成分。1.作主语Whattodoisabigproblem.做什么是个大问题。2.作宾语Iknowhowtousethecomputer.我知道如何使用计算机。3.作宾语补足语LiuDiaskedherwhentostart.柳迪问她什么时候开始。4.作表语Thequestionishowtogetthere.问题是如何到达那儿。注意:“疑问词+不定式”作宾语和宾语补足语时,常与下列动词连用:know,show,teacher,tell,findout,learn,decide,forget等。有时候疑问词前可用介词,如:Ihavenoideaofhowtodoit.我不知道如何做此事。五.不定式的常用句型1.It’stimetodosth=It’stimeforsth“是做…的时候了”
72.There’sno(time)todosth没有(时间)做某事3.Ittakessb.sometime(money)todosth某人花费多少时间(金钱)做某事4.Be+形容词+enough+todosth……足够做某事5.Be+too+形容词+todosth太…不能做某事6.beready+todosth乐意做某事7.It’s+形容词+forsb.+todosth8.beafraidtodosth不敢做某事9.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth宁愿…也不愿10.wouldliketodosth/wouldlovetodosth.常用于口语中,表示“喜欢…”11.hadbetterdosth(不带的不定式)“最好……”12.Will/Wouldyouplease(not)dosth?请你(不要)做……好吗?Exercises:1.Weareoftentold_____atpeopleintrouble.A.nottosmileB.tosmileC.nottolaughD.tolaugh2.Wouldyouplease_____thewindow?It’stoocoldoutside.A.openB.openingC.notopenD.nottoopen3.ShepreferstooffermoremoneyforabetterTVset_____lessforthisone.A.ratherthanpayB.topayC.nottopayD.to
8paying4.Mygrandfatherwants______aroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys______newplaces.A.traveling;seeingB.totravel;toseeC.totravel;seeingD.traveling;tosee5.Mywatchisbroken.Iwanttoknowhowtomakeit_____.A.workB.toworkC.walkD.towalk6.OnherwayhomeLucysawathief______inashop.Shestopped_____110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal,callC.stealing,tocallD.stealing,calling7.TheteachertoldLucy____toomuchtime_____computergames.A.nottospend,inB.tonotspend,onC.didn’tspend,playingD.nottospend,playing8.Thegirlswereasked_____gooutatnight.A.tonottoB.notC.nottoD.donot9.Jackisveryfunny.Healwaysmakesus_______.A.laughB.laughingC.tolaughD.laughs10.Theheadmastertoldus______attheScienceMuseumontimeA.arriveB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving
911.Lookout!Thetrafficismovingfast.It’s_______dangerous_____crossthestreet.A.very,toB.so,toC.much,toD.too,to12.I’vemadeitpossibleformycomputers_____thesameprogramsbymeansofnetworking.A.toshareB.shareC.sharedD.shares13.----Shoppingwithme?----Sorry,Ihavealotofclothes______A.towashB.washedC.washD.tobewashed14.Couldyoushowus_______abike?A.howtomendB.whattobuyC.wheretogoD.howmanytobuy15.Lucyshoulddoherhomeworknow.Butshedoesn’tfeellike_____it.A.doesB.doC.doingD.todo16.Thestudentsarealways_______EnglishorChineseeverymorningonweekdays.A.keptreadingB.keepingreadingC.kepttoreadD.keepingtoread17.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust_______dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
10C.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing18.Hefoundithard______hisclass.A.tocatchupB.catchupwithC.catchupD.tocatchupwith19.Wouldyoumind______thewindow,please?It’scoldoutside.A.tocloseB.closingC.closedD.close20.You’dbetter_______upstairsandtellthechildren______makesomuchnoise.A.go,nottoB.go,don’tC.togo,nottoD.togo,don’t