高考二轮专题复习—考前必刷3

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考前必刷（三）权威压轴完胜高考第一组A(2018·广东茂名五大联盟学校3月联考）FromthemodernLondonEyetothehistoricTowerofLondon,belowareLondon'smostvisitedtouristattractions.BritishMuseumTheworld-famousBritishMuseumexhibitstheworksofmanfromprehistorictomoderntimes,fromaroundtheworld.ThemostinterestingandexcitingpartsincludetheRosettaStone,theParthenonsculpturesandthemummiesintheAncientEgyptcollections.Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.TheNationalGalleryThegreatestandmostbeautifulbuildingofTrafalgarSquare,London'sNationalGalleryisavastspacefilledwithWesternEuropeanpaintingsfromthe13thtothe19thcenturies.InthisimpressiveartgalleryyoucanfindworksbymasterssuchasVincentWillemvanGogh,Botticelli,Constable,Renoir,TitianandStubbs.Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.TateModernSittingonthebanksoftheThamesisTateModern,Britain'snationalmuseumofmodernandcontemporaryart.Itsuniqueshapeisduetoitsbeingapowerstationbefore.Thegallery'srestaurantsofferwonderfulviewsacrossthecity.Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.Coca-ColaLondonEyeCoca-ColaLondonEyeisamajorfeatureofLondon'sskyline.IthassomeofLondon'sbestviewsfromits32capsules,eachweighing10tonnesandholdingupto25people.Climbaboardforabreathtakingexperience,withanunforgettable

1viewofmorethan55ofLondon'smostfamouslandmarks—allinjust30minutes!MadameTussaud'sAtMadameTussaud's,you'llcomefacetofacewithsomeoftheworld'smostfamousfaces.FromShakespearetoLadyGagayou'llmeetinfluentialfiguresfromshowbusiness,sport,politicsandevenroyalty.StrikeaposewithUsainBolt,getclosetoOneDirectionorreceiveaonce-in-a-lifetimeaudiencewithHerMajestytheQueen.l.WhichoneshouldtheyvisitifvisitorswanttogetabetterviewofLondon'sfamouslandmarks?A.TateModern.B.BritishMuseum.C.TheNationalGallery.D.Coca-ColaLondonEye.2.WhatdoBritishMuseumandtheNationalGalleryhaveincommon?A.Bothhavechargeableexhibitions.B.BothareonthebanksoftheThames.C.Bothhavevastspacesandspecialshapes.D.Bothexhibitmodernandcontemporaryart.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoatMadameTussaud's?A.EnjoyShakespeare'sworks.B.WatchLadyGaga'sperformance.C.SeefiguresofmanyinfluentialpeopleD.Talktosomefamouspeoplefacetoface.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦最著名的几个景点。1.D解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：如果参观者想更好地观看伦敦著名地标应该去哪里？由倒数第二段中的“Coca-ColaLondonEye...withanunforgettableviewofmorethan55ofLondon'smostfamouslandmarks—allinjust30minutesr'可知，

2在Coca-ColaLondonEye可以看到很多伦敦著名的地标，故答案为D项。2.A解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：大英博物馆和国家美术馆有什么共同之处？由第二段中的“Someexhibitionsrequiretickets."和第三段中的“Someexhibitionsrequiretickets."可知，参观大英博物馆和国家美术馆的一些展览需要门票，即需要收费。故答案为A项。3.C解析·细节理解题。本题题干意为：在杜莎夫人蜡像馆参观者可以做什么？由最后一段中的“AtMadameTussaud's,you'llcomefacetofacewithsomeoftheworld'smostfamousfaces.FromShakespearetoLadyGagayou'llmeetinfluentialfiguresfromshowbusiness,sport,politicsandevenroyalty."可知，在杜莎夫人蜡像馆，游客们可以看到很多有影响力的人物的蜡像，故答案为C项。B(2018山东枣庄二模）Nowadaysthereislessandlesscontactbetweentheoldandtheyoung.Therearemanyreasonsforthis,buttheresultisthesame:increasingnumbersofchildrenwithoutgrandparentsandoldpeoplewhohavenocontactwithchildren,andmoreoldpeoplewhoarelonelyandfeeluseless,alongwithmoreandmorefamilieswithyoungchildrenwhodesperatelyneedmoresupport.It'samajorprobleminmanysocieties.That'swhyintergenerationalprogrammes,designedtobringtheoldandtheyoungtogether,aregrowinginpopularityallovertheworld,supportedbyUNESCOandotherlocalandinternationalorganisations.Thereareexamplesofsuccessfulinitiativesallovertheworld.UsingyoungpeopletoteachITskillstoolderpeopleisoneobviousexample.Usingoldpeopleasvolunteerassistantsinschoolsisanother,perhapsreadingwithchildrenwhoneedextraattention.OnesuccessfulschemeinFranceiscombiningaresidentialhomefortheelderlywithacreche/nurseryschoolinthesamebuilding.Thechildrenandtheresidentseatlunchtogetherandshareactivitiessuchasmusic,painting,gardening

3andcaringforthepetswhichtheresidentsareencouragedtokeep.Intheafternoons,theresidentsenjoyreadingortellingstoriestothechildrenand,ifachildisfeelingsadortired,thereisalwaysakindlaptositonandacuddle（拥抱）．Therearetripsoutandbirthdaypartiestoo.Theadvantagesareenormousforeveryoneconcerned.Thechildrenarehappybecausetheygetalotmoreindividualattentionandrespondwellbecausesomeonehastimeforthem.Theyalsolearnthatoldpeoplearenotdifferentorfrighteninginanyway.Andofcourse,theyseeillnessanddeathandlearntoacceptthem.Theresidentsarehappybecausetheyfeelusefulandneeded.Theyaremoreactiveandmoreinterestedinlifewhenthechildrenarearoundandtheytakemoreinterestintheirappearancetoo.Andthestaffarehappybecausetheyseeanimprovementinthephysicalandpsychologicalhealthoftheresidentsandhaveanarmyofassistantstohelpwiththechildren.1.WhatisthesocialproblemtalkedaboutinParagraph1?A.Agenerationgap.B.Caringforchildren.C.Intergenerationalcontact.D.Thesupportfortheaged.2.WhatdotheprogrammesmentionedinParagraph2aimtodo?A.Maketheoldtakecareofchildren.B.Helptheoldpeoplelearnnewthings.C.Encouragetheyoungtocarefortheold.D.Increasecontactbetweentheoldandtheyoung.3.WhatisspecialabouttheschemeinFrance?A.Combiningaresidentialhomefortheelderlywithakindergarten.B.Hiringoldpeopleaschildcareworkers.

4C.Helpingchildrenfacemisfortunesbravely.D.Usingchildrentoaccompanytheold.4.Inwhichaspectdoestheschemebenefittheold?A.Itbuildsuptheirstrength.B.Theyliveahealthierlife.C.Itcreatesafamilyatmosphere.D.Theyareclosetotheirrelatives.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。目前老年人与年轻人接触的机会越来越少，这导致了一些代际问题——老年人感到很孤独，年轻人得不到足够的关注、照顾。为了解决这些问题，本文介绍了一些—举两得的方法，使老年人和年轻人的要求都得到了满足。l.C解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：第一段谈论的社会问题是什么？第—段第一句作者就介绍了这个社会问题：老年人和年轻人之间的接触越来越少，故答案为C项。2.D解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：第二段提到的那些方案的目的是什么？根据第二段第一句“...designedtobringtheoldandtheyoungtogether..."可知，那些方案的目的是使老年人和年轻人在—起，即增加老年人和年轻人之间的接触，故答案为D项。3.A解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为·法国的那项方案的特殊之处是什么？根据第三段第一句（法国的一项成功方案是将养老院和幼儿园合并在同一座建筑里。）可知，答案为A项。4.B解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：这项方案使老年人在哪方面受益？根据最后—段最后—句中的"animprovementinthephysicalandpsychologicalhealthoftheresidents"（住户在身心健康方面得到了改善）可知，答案为B项。其他三项在文中均未被提及，故排除。C(2018山东菏泽一模）It'seasytothinkthattheglobe'svastoceanswouldbeeffectivebarrierstothemovementoflandanimals.Anelephantcan'tswimacross

5thePacific,afterall.Butitturnsoutthatplentyofplantsandanimalshaveunintentionallyfloatedacrossoceansfromonecontinenttoanother.Nowcomesevidencethattinytrapdoorspiders（活板门蛛）madesuchajourneymillionsofyearsago.MoggridgearainbowispiderscanbefoundonKangarooIsland,whichsitsoffthesouthcoastofAustralia.'Thesespidersbuildasilk-linedburrow（洞穴）intheground,"notedSophieHarrison,abiologistinAustralia.Theburrowandthetrapdoorprovidethesespiderswithshelterandprotection.Theyalsoofferthemanout-of-sightspotfromwhichtheycanwaitforapproachingprey（猎物）．Thereisevidence,though,thattheancestorsof~mighthavetraveledmillionsofmeterstogettoAustraliafromAfrica.Thatisn'tasunlikelyasitmightatfirstseem.Australiausedtobeconnectedtoothercontinents,longago,aspartofasupercontinentcalledGondwana.Andhumanshavebeenknowntotransportspecies（物种）allovertheplanet.Butthere'sathirdoption.Thespidersmighthaverafted（乘筏）longdistancesacrossthesea.Tofigureoutwhichstorywasmostlikelytrue,Harrisonandhercolleagueslookedatthespider'sgenes.TheylookedatthegenesinsevenMoggridgearainbowispidersfromKangarooIsland,andfivespeciesofMoggridgearainbowispidersfromSouthAfrica.TheAustralianandAfricanspiderssplitofffromacommonancestorsome2millionto16millionyearsago,thegenesshowed.Ifalargeswatch（块）oflandwashesintothesea,filledwitharachnids（蛛形纲动物），thespidersmaybeabletohidethemselvesthroughoutthejourney.Plus,theycan"holdtheirbreath"andsurviveonstoredoxygenduringperiodsoftemporaryflooding,theresearchersnote.l.Whatisthecommonbeliefaboutlandanimalsaccordingtothetext?

6A.Theyaresensitivetonaturaldisasters.B.Theyareunlikelytomoveacrossoceans.C.Theycan'tmakealongoceanvoyage.D.Theyfloatacrossoceansaccidentally.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph3referto?A.Thebiologists.B.TheAustralians.C.Thespiders.D.Theprey.3.HowdidtheresearchersconcludeAustralianandAfricanspidersarefromacommonancestor?A.Bycomparingtheirgenes.B.Byobservingtheirlivinghabits.C.Bymakingchangestotheirgenes.D.Bystudyingtheirphysicalcharacteristics.4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheseSpidersTraveledGloballytoHideThemselvesB.TheseSpidersBecameMoreAdaptiveWhenTravelingC.TheseSpidersCrossedanOceantoAustraliaforSurvivalD.TheseSpidersCrossedanOceantoBecomeAustralianSpiders答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明．澳大利亚活板门蛛是几百万年前从非洲漂洋过海迁徙到澳大利亚的．1.B解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：根据本文，人们对陆地动物的普遍观点是什么？根据第一段第一句（人们容易认为地球上的大洋可以有效阻隔陆地动物的迁徙。）可知答案为B项（它们不可能跨越海洋）。2.C解析：代词指代题。本题题干意为：第三段中画线词“them"指的是什么？代词them指代第二段中提到的spiders以避免重复，故答案为C项。3.A解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们是如何得出澳大利亚蜘蛛和非洲

7蜘蛛来自同一祖先这一结论的？根据第四段可知他们是通过基因检测得出结论的，故答案为A项（通过比较它们的基因）。4.D解析：标题归纳题。本题题干意为：本文的最佳题目是什么？本文的中心意思是非洲蜘蛛漂洋过海迁徙到澳大利亚，故答案为D项（这些蜘蛛漂洋过海成了澳大利亚蜘蛛）。D(2018安徽“江南十校”3月联考）MyfriendJenniferwasgoingtobeatmyschool!Iwasconvincedthatwewouldbebestfriends.SheintroducedmetoherfriendAmyandwehadlotsoffuntogether.Butthingsstartedtochange.Jenniferwantedtobethe"leader"ofourlittlegroup.Shewascontrolling,andIcouldn'tmakenewfriends.IfImadenewfriends,shewoulddecidethatIwas"madather".PrettysoonbeingJennifer'sfriendwasastruggle.IalwayswaitedforJenniferandAmyafterclass,butsometimeswhentheyleft,they'dwalkrightpastmeasiftheycouldn'tevenseeme.Weoftengossipedaboutpeople,andIsoonrealizedthatnobodywasgoodenoughforJennifer.Shehadalistofbadthingsabouteverybody,evenAmy,andaboutme,Iguessed.Ichanged—Ibecamemoody,depressed,andlonely.Ispentdaystryingnottocry.Ifeltsoleftout.Finally,~-~·Iwassickofhavingtobattleforfriendship.IstoppedsittingwithJenniferatlunchandwaitingforherafterclass.JenniferquicklyannouncedIwas"madather".Isaid,'Tmnotmad.Ijustwanttomakemorefriends."ButtoJennifer,itwasallornothing,andshewasconvincedIwasmadather.Ourfriendshipfelltopieces.Itwastoughatfirst,butIfoundmanygirlswhomJenniferhadclassifiedas"moody"or"mean"tobethesweetest,friendliestpeopleintheworld.Now,Ihavetonsoffriends.TheysupportmewhenIamsad,andIsupport

8them.WehavefuntogetherandIlovethemall.Itamazesmehoweasyourfriendshipis.Thereisnostrugglingtobeontop—weareallequal.Itdoesn'tmattertomeiftwoofthemwalkawayorbuyfriendshipnecklacestogether.Itdoesn'thurtmyfeelingsormakemefeellonely.Ilostafriend,butIamahappierpersonnow.1.ThewriterthoughtJennifer_.A.fartoooutstandingtomatchB.ratherannoyinganddullC.tooself-centeredD.therightonetomakefriendswith2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"somethingsnapped"inParagraph4mean?A.ThewriterandJenniferhatedeachother.B.Thewriterand丿enniferbrokeup.C.Jennifertreatedthewriterworse.D.ThewriterfeltmadaboutlosingJennifer.3.Thewriterdecidedtobreakupwith丿enniferbecause_.A.JenniferspokeillofherbehindherbackB.shehadmadeotherfriendsC.JenniferhadhurtherfeelingsD.othergirlsweresweeterandfriendlierthanJennifer4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.ThewriternowregretslosingherfriendJennifer.B.Thewriterstillgetsupsetwhenleftoutoccasionally.C.Thewriter'snewfriendsareallmoodyandmean.D.Thewriterenjoysmorethanjustonefriendship.

9答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己和朋友丿ennifer的关系的演变逐渐意识到每个人都不仅仅也不应该只有一个朋友，周图还有很多人可以与之交朋友。1.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂丿enniferwantedtobethe'leader'ofourlittlegroup.Shewascontrolling…”可知丿ennifer是一个以自我为中心(selfcentered)且喜欢发号施令的人，故答案为C项。2.B解析：句意理解题。本题题干意为：第四段中画线部分“somethingsnapped"的意思是什么？第四段最后一句“Ourfriendshipfelltopieces."（我们的友谊破碎了。）与第一句前后呼应，是总结句。由此可知作者和Jennifer的关系最后破裂（breakup)了，故答案为B项。3.C解析细节理解题本题题干意为：作者决定与Jennifer绝交的原因是。根据前四段内容尤其是“struggle""leftout"等关键词可知在作者和丿ennifer的友谊中她没有被平等对待，感情受到了伤害，因此有了绝交的想法。此外，文章倒数第二段最后一句“Itdoesn'thurtmyfeelingsormakemefeellonely."也从反面说明了这一点。4.D解析：推理判断题。本题题干意为：从文中我们可以推断出什么？开始时作者觉得她和Jennifer是最好的朋友，但作者却被Jennifer伤害因而厌倦了这种单方面付出的友情后如乍者交了更多的朋友之后才发现周围有很多能够相互平等对待的朋友，也就慢慢地从中得到了快乐。由此可知答案为D项。第二组A(2018山西省考前适应性测试）BritishMuseumLocatedinGreatRussellStreet,LondonWCIB3DG,theBritishMuseumhousesavastcollectionofworldartandartifactsandisfreetoallvisitors.TheBritishMuseum'sremarkablecollectionspansovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistoryandculture,andithasmorethan7millionobjects,soitwouldprobablytakeaweekto

10seeeverything.Over6millionvisitorseveryyearexperiencethecollection,includingworld-famousobjectssuchastheRosettaStoneandEgyptianmummies.AdmissionandopeningtimesFree,opendaily10:00to17:30.Openuntil20:30onFridays,exceptGoodFridayClosedon24,25and26Decemberand1January.Largeluggage,suitcasesandcabinbaggageForeveryone'ssafety,allbags,packagesandpersonalitemsmaybesearchedbeforeentry.WheeledcasesandlargeitemsofluggagearenotallowedintheBritishMuseumforsafetyandsecurityreasons.Storageforluggageisavailableatmajorrailstations,includingEuston,King'sCrossandCharingCross.MembershipMembershipallowsyoutodiscover2millionyearsofhumanhistorywithfreeunlimitedentrytospecialexhibitions,anexclusivediscountofferonmagazinesubscriptionandmanymorebenefits.Individualmembership:五74Under26membership:五54Youngfriends(aged8—15)：五25ShopsTheMuseumhasfourshopswhereyoucanbuybooks,souvenirs,andfamilygifts.1.WhencanyouvisittheBritishMuseum?A.At9:00onFriday.B.At12:00onMonday.C.OnChristmasDay.

11D.OnGoodFriday.2.Wherecanvisitorsstoretheirlargeluggage?A.Atmajortrainstations.B.Atsomecrossings.C.InthehalloftheMuseum.D.AttheentrancetotheMuseum.3.Iftwofriendsaged14and18applyformembershipoftheMuseum,howmuchshouldtheypay?A.£25.B.£79.C.£50.D.£148.答案：【语篇解读】本文是—篇应用文。作者向我们介绍了大英博物馆的位置、规模、开放时间以及参观者应注意的其他事项。1.B解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：你可以在什么时间参观大英博物馆？根据Admissionandopeningtimes部分中的“Free,opendaily10:00to17:30."可知，周一12:00在开馆时间之内，故答案为B项。2.A解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：游客可以将他们的大件行李保存在哪里？根据Largeluggage,suitcasesandcabinbaggage部分中的“Storageforluggageisavailableatmajorrailstations,includingEuston,King'sCrossandCharingCross."可知，游客可将大件行李存放在majorrailstations,故答案为A项。3.B解析·数字计算题。本题题干意为：如果14岁和18岁的两个朋友想申请成为该博物馆的会员，他们应该支付多少钱？根据Membership部分中的"Youngfriends(aged8—15)：五25"可知，14岁的那位朋友需支付£25;根据“Under26membership:五54"可知，18岁的那位朋友需支付五54。因此他们共需要支付五79（五25十五54=丘79)。故答案为B项。B(2018课标全国卷II)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronan

12airplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.1.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

13A.Addictiontosmartphones.B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.2.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.3.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence答案：【语篇解读】本文是—篇议论文。在智能手机时代，人们似乎都不愿意打破沉默与他人交流。作者在文中指出，我们应该从闲聊开始，学会与人交流，这能增强我们的归属感。1.C解析：推理判断题。第一段说，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在坐飞机的时候，我们和身边其他人一样忙着看智能手机其实是在苦苦应对令人不舒服的沉默。下文接着说，我们可能者回之愿意与他人开始交流，故C项（陌生人之间缺少交流）符合文意，这也是全文的

14主题。2.8解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的Carducci可以定位到第三段。第三段最后卡尔杜齐说，成功的闲聊的关键是学会怎样与他人产生联系，而不只是与他人交谈，故选B项。3.D解析：细节理解题。最后两段谈到2014年的一项研究，在这项研究中，主动与服务员交流的人态度更加积极，喝咖啡的体验更快乐，故D项（它（闲聊）能让人们心情愉快）符合题意。4.C解析：标题归纳题。本文阐述了闲聊的益处。放下手机，打破沉默，与陌生人开始闲聊，这能让我们心情更加舒畅，也可能会为我们的成功积攒人脉。因此选C项。C(2018北京卷）MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic".TheideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!

15Atmile3,Ipassedasign:"GOFORIT,RUNNERSr'Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfa"marathonwinner".1.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor_.A.waswelltrainedB.feltscaredC.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope2.WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D.Toshareapreciousmemory.3.Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.C.Hegotthefirstprize.D.Hewalkedtotheend.4.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

16B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不畏艰难，挑战自我，坚持跑完马拉松，完成了一次从自我砾砸到自我认知的人生“长跑＂的励志故事。1.C解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead."并结合上一句中的“leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain"可知，虽然作者在马拉松前一个月脚踝受伤需休息两周，但他决心在仅剩的两周训练时间里继续前行，去参加马拉松长跑。故选C项。A项有一定的迷惑性，但与脚踝受伤、仅剩两周的训练时间矛盾。2.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas'notathletic'．”可知，作者列举小时候第一次上体育课的例子，说明自己跑圈不行，打垒球也不行，所以老师告诉作者他不擅长体育运动。这显然表明了作者在运动方面没有天赋，与C项的意思匹配。3.A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinishedr'可知，作者跑完了这次马拉松。故选A项。4.B解析：主旨大意题。根据作者对自己跑马拉松清况的叙述可知，对千一位脚踝有伤、不具有运动天赋的人来说去跑马拉松面临的挑战可想而知，但作者不畏艰难，凭着强大的意志力，最后成功到达终点。故选B项（一位具有强大意志力的获胜者）。D(2018江西上饶二模）Animalsdoamazingthings.Birdstravellongdistances.Whalescommunicateacrossvastoceans.Honeybeesrememberfamiliarflowers.Crowscanturnsticksintotools.Elephantscanimitatesounds.Monkeysdosimplemath.Cananimalsalsowarnusifanaturaldisasterisabouttostrike?AfewdaysbeforetheAsiantsunamiwhichhappenedseveralyearsago,apersonwatchedthousandsofantsrushawayfromthebeachintotheforest.Accordingtootheraccounts,elephantsscreamedandrantohighergroundas

17manyas10daysbeforethedisasterstruck.Dogsrefusedtogooutside.Despitedecadesofresearch,scientistsdon'tknowhowtopredictearthquakesandtsunamis.Maybeanimalscandobetter.Somepeoplesaythatanimalshaveaspecialkindofpowerforsensingthefuture.Theycallita"sixthsense",aboveandbeyondthefivesenseswenormallytalkabout—taste,smell,touch,sight,andhearing."Thescientificevidenceforananimal'ssixthsense,however,isslim,"saysJohnCaprio,aneurobiologistatLouisianaStateUniversity."Ifreportsaboutanimalsescapingfromdangerareactuallytrue,"Capriosays,"theanimalsmustberespondingtorealsenses,ratherthanusingsomemysterioustypeofsense.""Whenitcomestosensingearthquakesandtsunamis,feelingtheshakestheycreateintheearthisprobablythekey,"says丿oelGreenspan,acolleagueofJohn."Animalsarealwaysindirectcontactwiththeground,"Greenspansays."Wedon'tdothatanymore.Wehaveshoesandclothes.Wepayattentiontootherpeople,sights,andsounds."Thatway,ifananimalisstandingorlyingaround,itcansensethefootstepsofitsenemycomingonitsway.PerhapstheanimalsinAsiamistooktheearthquakeorthetsunamiforamonstercomingtoeatthem.Inresponse,theyranintheoppositedirectionandendedupsavingthemselves.Eventhoughscientistsarefarfromknowingeverythingaboutwhyanimalsbehavethewaytheydo,mostscientistsaresuretheremustbereasonableexplanations.1.WhatdidanimalsdobeforetheAsiantsunami?A.Theyrefusedtomovelongdistances.B.Theydidn'tcommunicatewitheachother.C.Theelephantsrantohighergroundinadvance.

18D.Theyallrushedawayfromthebeachintotheforest.2.Whycan'twehumansfeelasanimalsdo,accordingtoJoelGreenspan?A.Wedon'tliedownuntilnight.B.Wedon'thavethesixthsense.C.Wearen'tindirectcontactwiththeground.D.Wedon'tbelievetheexistenceofmonsters.3.Accordingto丿oelGreenspan,howdidelephantssensethecomingofthetsunami?A.Theysawthetsunamifirst.B.Theycouldfeeltheshakingintheearth.C.Theywereusingamysterioustypeofsense.D.Theyhadthesixthsensethathumansdidn'thave.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Animals,SenseofDangerB.TheAmazingAnimalWorldC.TheGreatEffectofTsunamisD.TheDiscoveryofSixthSense答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。动物有感知自然灾害的能力，研究人员对此做了很多研究。1.C解析·细节理解题。本题题干意为：在亚洲海啸之前，动物们做了什么？根据第二段尤其是第二句（根据其他叙述，在灾难发生前10天之久，大象就发出尖叫声并跑向位置较高的地方。）可知答案为C项（大象提前跑向位置较高的地方）。2.C解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：根据JoelGreenspan所说，为什么我们人类不能像动物那样感知（灾难）？根据第四段JoelGreenspan所说的话尤其是“Animalsarealwaysindirectcontactwiththeground"（动物总是直接接触地面）可知答案为C项（我们人类不直接接触地面）。

193.B解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：根据JoelGreenspan所说，大象是如何感知海啸即将来临的？根据第四段中JoelGreenspan所说的话尤其是“Whenitcomestosensingearthquakesandtsunamis,feelingtheshakestheycreateintheearthisprobablythekey"（就感知地震和海啸而言，能感觉它们在地球内部造成的晃动可能是关键）可知答案为B项（它们能感觉到大地晃动）。4.A解析：标题归纳题。本题题干意为·本文的最佳题目是什么？本文的主题是：动物有预先感知危险来临的能力，故答案为A项（动物，感知危险）。第三组A(2018浙江卷）Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线）onSeptember27,1908.0nlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith"achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage."Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobal

20ecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength."Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury."1.WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2?A.ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.2.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.3.WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。其主题是“人与社会”，介绍了美国经典的“汽车文化＇，它对美国各方面的影响是巨大而深远的。汽车给美国人民带来了便利，把美国从一个以农业为主的国家变成一个工业大国，汽车成为美国社会的一个文化符号。但同时，汽车也带来了很多问题，例如能源的过度消耗、气候变化以及污染等。

211.B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture...eventhehamburger."可知，汽车塑造了某些最持久的美国文化，其中就包括汉堡。由此可知，汽车对千汉堡文化的形成，影响是非常大的。所以，在第二段中提及汉堡，就是为了说明汽车对于美国文化有相当大的影响。故选B项。2.8解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster."可知，驱动美国梦的汽车导致了全球性的生态灾难，即汽车的使用引起了环境问题。故选B项。C项曲解文意，文章提及能源的过度消耗，但这并不意味着汽车的使用导致了石油供应的短缺。3.c解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength."可知，Friedman认为绿色经济是使美国保持实力的一个机遇。由此可知，他对美国的未来充满了希望。故选C项。B(2018课标全国卷田）Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness（荒野）．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche（雪崩）onceclosedthe

22path,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.1.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.3.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

23A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，题材是城市发展历史。文章主要介绍了加拿大DawsonCity的兴衰及其背后的原因。1.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver."可知，NewYorkCity吸引早期定居者的原因就是它靠近HudsonRiver河口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C项。2.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich."可知，约五分之一的人发财了。故选B项。3.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome."(DawsonCity满是失望的人们，他们没有兴趣定居下来，当听说在Alaska发现了新的金矿时，他们离开了，和他们来的时候一样迅速。）可知，人们离开DawsonCity去Alaska碰运气了。故选B项。4.A解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight."和最后一段中“...whentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome."以及最后一句“TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762."可知，文章主要讲述了—座城市(DawsonCity)的兴衰。故选A项。C

24(2018北京卷）Plastic-EatingWormsgreaterwaxmothHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills（垃圾填埋场），andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste（糊状物）andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes（酶）fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic."Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,"sheexplains."Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond."

25丿enniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.lsitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes（肠道微生物）？Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply"millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic".1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.2.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto_.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight_.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture

264.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.答案．【语篇解读】本文是—篇说明文。作者介绍了—项科学发现：一种吃塑料的虫子—大蜡蟆。它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，从而为人们解决塑料污染问题提供了新的途径。1.C解析推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“…foundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene..."和第二句中的"thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams"可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡银蠕虫可以分解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然也可以分解垃圾中的塑料，与C项中提到的“吃塑料＇吻合。2.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Thenextstep...Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes（肠道微生物）？”可知，接下来人们需要证实的就是酶是从哪里产生的。B项“查明酶的来源＇符合题意。3.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后—段第二句“Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply'millionsofworms...'"可知，研究人员期望不仅仅能用大蜡银蠕虫去清理塑料垃圾，也期望在某种工业流程中用这种化学制品。D项（今后工厂可能生产这种化学制品）符合题意。4.C解析·写作意图题。作者通过本文介绍了一项消除塑料垃圾的研究，为人们提供了—条清除塑料垃圾的新途径。故选C项。D(2018河北石家庄一模）It's3o'clockandyou'vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn't.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeoneyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrong

27desireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallit"stomachhunger"simply.Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone（荷尔蒙）sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings"mindhunger".Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersattheUniversityofCambridgefoundthat"dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossib仆ityoffoodcravings".So,themoreyoudenyyourselfakindoffoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.B.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.C.Toreportthediscoveryofastudy.D.Tointroducethetopicofthewholepassage.

282.Whatdowelearnaboutthefoodcravings?A.Itislinkedtofeelings.B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.C.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.3.What'sthelikelyresultofdieting?A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.B.Theincreaseoffooddesire.C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceoftheappetite.4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.B.Whathungerisallabout.C.Thefindingsoffoodcravings.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了对“嘴谗”这一课题的研究结果。1.D解析：推理判断题。本题题干意为·第—段的作用是什么？第一段作者首先设置了两个场景(©已经3点钟了，你一直在努力工作。坐在办公桌前的你有了—种强烈的欲望：想吃巧克力。你努力让自己忙碌起来忘掉这件事。但丝毫没用。＠你只想喝一碗鸡汤，就像你小时候生病时妈妈做的鸡汤。），然后引出“嘴谗”这—话题。由此可见本题答案为D项（引出本文话题）。2.A解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：关千＂嘴谗＇＇，我们了解到了什么？根据第三段中的“Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward...So,somescientistscallfoodcravings'mindhunger'."（嘴谗使清感、记忆力以及奖赏中枢活跃…．因此科学家们称嘴谗是“精神饥饿＂。）可知，嘴谗时，食物与情感有联系，故答案为A项。

293.B解析：细节理解题。本题题干意为：节食可能会造成什么结果？根据第四段中的“So,themoreyoudenyyourselfakindoffoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit."（因此，你越是抗拒想要的食物，就会越想吃。）可知答案为B项（对食物的欲望会增强）．4.C解析：主旨大意题。本题题干意为：文章主要讨论了什么？文章第一段最后两句介绍了本文的主题，由此可知本题答案为C项（有关＂嘴谗＂的发现）．第四组A(2018邯郸高三质检）Asfamiliesgetreadytoheadbacktoschoolforthefall,parentsareonatightbudgettogetalltherightsuppliespurchased,paperworkfilledoutandphysicals（体检）scheduled.Itcanbeatoughtimeofyearandmanyparentsstruggletofindthetimeandmoneytomakeithappensmoothly.That'swhereHeartlandCommunityHealthCentercanhelp.Inordertogetkidsofftoahealthystarttotheschoolyear,Heartland,withsupportfromConnectChurch,willbefocusingontheback-to-schoolneedsoffamiliesduringtheweekofAug.7—11,andbeyond.Duringtheeventweek,Heartlandwillofferreduced-costschoolphysicalsbyappointmentonly.Freebackpacksfilledwithvariousschoolsuppliesandfreetoothpastetoprotectteeth,alongwithotherhelpfulinformation,willbeavailableonawalkinbasisduringeventhours.The2017BacktoSchoolwithHeartlandeventwillbeheld:Monday—Thursday2:00p.m.-5:00p.m.andFriday1:00p.m.-3:00p.m.,Aug.7—11.However,reducedcostsforphysicalswillbeavailablethroughSept.30thisyear,forthosewhoareunabletoscheduleanappointmentduringtheeventweek.Heartland'sregularclinichoursareasfollows:Monday&Wednesday:8:00a.m.—5:00p.m.;Tuesday&Thursday:8:00a.m.—7:00p.m.;Friday:8:00a.m.

30—3:00p.m.HeartlandisaLevel3Patient-centeredMedicalHomeandaHealthCenterservingDouglasCountyandsurroundingareaswithprimarycare,behavioralhealthandassistanceprograms.Servicesareavailabletoall,regardlessofincomeorinsurancestatus.Heartlandislocatedat346MaineSt.,Ste.150inLawrence,KS,andalsooffersanofficeinsidetheLawrence-DouglasCountyHealthDepartmentat200MaineSt.1.WhatcanpeoplegetfromHeartlandduringeventhours?A.Pick-upservice.B.Freeschoolsupplies.C.Reduced-costtechnicaltraining.D.Helpintheformofmoney.2.WhencanyouvisitHeartland'sclinic?A.At5:00p.m.onFriday.B.At7:00p.m.onMonday.C.At9:00a.m.onWednesday.D.At7:00a.m.onThursday.3.WhatinformationaboutHeartlandcanwegetfromthetext?A.Itsdevelopmenthistory.B.Thenumberofitsmembers.C.Itsfounder.D.Itsaddress.答案：【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了HeartlandCommunityHealthCenter举办的一项活动，在活动期间返校学生可以享受体检优惠和获得免费的学习用品。文中还详细说明了体检的地寺、时间申请这些服务的条件等。

311.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“Freebackpacksfilledwithvariousschoolsupplies"可知，在活动期间Heartland提供免费的学习用品。2.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Monday&Wednesday:8:00a.m.—5:00p.m."可知，周三上午九点可以去Heartland的诊所。3.D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Heartlandislocatedat346MaineSt.,Ste.150inLawrence..."可知Heartland的具体位置。B(2018佛山高三质检）Itwasjustonewordinonee-mail,butitcausedhugefinanciallossesforamultinationalcompany.Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeakertoacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword,thereceiverfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrongone.Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadfailed,costinghundredsofthousandsofdollars.Whensuchmisunderstandingshappen,it'susuallythenativespeakerswhoaretoblame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeakEnglishasasecondorthirdlanguage.AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworld'sgloballanguage.Theydon'tfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttoothers.Theyoftentalktoofastforotherstofollow,andusejokes,slang,shortformsandreferencesspecifictotheirownculture."ThefirsttimeIworkedinaninternationalinstitution,somebodysaid'ETA16:53'andIthought'WhatonearthisETA?'"saysMichaelBlattrer;anexecutiveinaninternationalcompany.Andthenthere'sculturalstyle.WhenaBritishreactstoaproposalbysaying"That'sinteresting",afellowBritishmightrecognizethisas"That'srubbish."Butothernationalitieswouldtaketheword"interesting"onfacevalue.Also,lotsoftheinformationisnotfullyunderstoodbecauseofthecomplex

32languagenativespeakersuse.Toomanynon-nativespeakers,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot"losingface"andnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,becauseofwhich,thenativespeakerscontinuedeliveringinformationthatmakeslittlesensetothem.Theinformationgapisunnoticedandkeepswidening.Nativespeakersshouldcommunicateefficientlywithsimplelanguage.WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithdifferentlevelsoffluency,it'simportantfornativespeakerstomakethesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskforsomeacknowledgement,reactionandaction,toknowwhetherthey'vebeenunderstoodornot.1.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageiswrittento_.A.tellreadersaninterestingstoryB.introducethetopicofthepassageC.statetheimportanceofEnglishD.showanexampleofcommunication2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMichael?A.HethinksBritishpeopletalktoofast.B.Hefeelsnoneedtoadapttoothers.C.He'snotanativeEnglishspeaker.D.HefindsBritishculturehardtounderstand.3.WhatmightcausetheAsiansandtheFrenchto"loseface"accordingtothepassage?A.Beingunabletousecomplexlanguage.B.Beingnon-nativeEnglishspeakers.C.Failingtounderstandnativespeakers.D.Noddingapprovinglywhilelistening.

334.Nativespeakersareadvisedtoaskforlisteners'acknowledgementinordertoA.talktoagroupofpeopleatthesametimeB.learnaboutlisteners'levelsoffluencyC.getsuggestionsfromlistenersD.checklisteners'understanding答案：【语篇解读】当母语是英语的人和母语是非英语的人交流时，由千前者的表达习惯，比如用一些俚语、简略语等而后者又碍于面子不隅装懂，因此产生的信息沟越来越大。本文建议母语是英语的人在与母语不是英语的人交流时使用简单的语言、采取互动等方法以使后者更好地理解。1.B解析：推理判断题。第—段给出了—个由千信息理解错误而造成了严重经济损失的例子。阅读下文可知，本文解释了产生这种情况的原因并给出了建议，所以该例子是为了引出文章的中心话题。2.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三句话可知，母语为英语的人说话太快，并习惯用一些笑话、俚语或简略形式，这样让人很难理解；紧接着举例说明迈克尔不理解简略表达“ETA"的意思，由此可以推断出迈克尔的母语不是英语。3.C解析：细节理解题。第五段第二句提到，母语是非英语的人由千担心丢面子，经常在没有听懂的清况下点头表示赞同，由此可以推断出，听不懂别人的话会让他们感觉丢人。4.D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后—句中的动词不定式短语“toknowwhetherthey'vebeenunderstoodornot"可知，说母语的人这么做的目的是弄清楚自己说的话是否被正确地理解了。C(2018合肥市高三质检一）Althoughonionstastedelicious,wateringeyescomewiththeprocesswhenyoucutthemup.Thankfully,GoodHousekeepinghas

34suggestedsometipstopreventyoufromcryingwhiletryingtocutupanonion.AccordingtothefindingsfromtheInstitute,puttingonionsinafridge30minutesbeforecuttingcanpreventtheannoyinghurt,asthecoldstopstear•jerking（催泪的）gasfrombeingproduced.Anotherwaytoreducethegasreleasedbytheonionistoputitinwaterforawhile.GoodHousekeepingrecommends,"Cuttheendofftheonionandthenputitstraightintoabowlofwater.Thewaterwilldrawouttheacidmakingyoutearuplesswhenyoucutit."Whenanoniongrows,itmixeswithsulfur（硫）inthesoiltocreateaspecialmineralacid.Whentheonioniscutintopieces,itreactsandcreatesagas.Asitreachesyourface,thisannoyinggascausestheeyestoproducetears.Therootiswherethegasesaremostconcentrated,soitisrecommendedthatthispartoftheonionbeleftoutasyoucutittoavoiduncomfortableeyes.Do归bycuttingthevegetableinhalfdownthemiddle,andthencutoffpartofonesidetocreateaflatsurface.Then,placetheonionwithitsflatsurfacedownandcutittowardtheroot.Also,toreducethegas'seffectonyoureyes,cutitnexttoawindowornearafansothegasisblownawayfromyourface.Andtakecaretouseasharpknife;thiswillmakeiteasiertomovethroughthevegetable,causingfewercellstobebrokenandlessgastobereleasedasaresult.1.Whatistheeffectofrefrigeratingtheonionbeforecutting?A.Changingitstaste.B.Makingiteasiertocutup.C.Avoidinggenerationofthegas.D.Helpingthegasesmixmorequickly.2.Fromthefourthparagraph,whathappenswhentheonioniscutup?

35A.Someacidmineralislost.B.Thetearmixtureiscreated.C.Thesulfurinsideitpoursout.D.Achemicalreactionproducesagas.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inParagraph5referto?A.Producingmoretears.B.Leavingtherootuncutfirst.C.Promotingconcentration.D.Makingtheonionmoretasty.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadviseandexplain.B.Toexamineandanalyze.C.Toargueanddiscuss.D.Topresentandcompare.答案：【语篇解读】本文通过描述人们在切洋葱时会流泪这一现象，引出造成这种现象的原因，然后为读者介绍了一些办法。除此之外，本文还解释了这些切洋葱防止流泪的方法的原理。1.C解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“puttingonionsinafridge30minutesbeforecuttingcanpreventtheannoyinghurt,asthecoldstopstear•jerking（催泪的）gasfrombeingproduced"可知，在切之前把洋葱放入冰箱30分钟可以防止切洋葱时眼流泪，因为冷空气可以咀止催泪气体的产生。2.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，当洋葱生长时，它和土壤里的硫结合，产生一种特殊的酸性矿物质。当切洋葱时，这种物质就会发生反应并产生一种气体，即化学反应产生气体。3.B解析：代词指代题。this指代前一句的某个动作，根据前一句“Therootiswherethegasesaremostconcentrated,soitisrecommendedthatthispartoftheonion

36beleftoutasyoucutittoavoiduncomfortableeyes."可知，洋葱根部是这些气体最集中的区域，所以建议为了避免眼睛不适，在切洋葱时先不切这个部位，故this指的是先不切洋葱的根部。4.A解析：写作意困题。文章先给出切洋葱时避免流泪的建议，接下来详细呈现每一条建议，并解释说明具体原因，因此本文的主要目的是给出建议，并进行解释。D(2018青岛高三质检）MaybetheManofSteelhassuchagreatbodybecauseofallthatflyingandleapingontotallbuildingswithasinglebound（肘扭天）．Atleastthat'sthepromiseofanewpieceofexerciseequipmentthatcombinesphysicalexercisewiththevirtualreality（虚拟现实）experienceofflyingthroughtheairlikeSuperman.ItwillbeofferedbytheYoungMen'sChristianAssociation(YMCA),anon-profitorganizationdevotedtoyouthdevelopmentandhealthyliving.The$9,000machine,aGermaninventioncalledIcaros,willbethefirstofitskindavailableforpublicuseinthecountrywhenthenewYMCAsiteinMinneapolisopensinearly2018.Howdoesitwork?Usersputonvirtualrealitygoggles（护目镜）andthenliedownonametalframethatmovesforwardandbackandrollsfromsidetosidedependingonhowyoushiftyourweight.In"Flight"mode,you'retravelingoveralandscapeofmountains,glaciersandnarrowvalleys.Tilt（倾斜）downontheplatform,andyouvirtuallydivenosefirsttowardtheground.Rolltotheright,andyou'reflyingoverabendinavalley.Manyotherexperiencemodesareavailabletoo.What'sitlike?NathanMaehren,seniorvicepresidentofdigitalforYMCA,hasusedthemachineabout100times.Whenhe'sgoingfastonthemachine,hemakessoundslikeaweightlifterashequicklyshiftshisbody,findinghiswayaround

37virtualobjectswithoutcrashing."Ialmostdon'trealizeI'mworkingout,"hesaid,"You'rehavingfun."Hesaiditwasmoreofatrainingforhisarmsandshouldersthanheexpected.Itmayseemlikealotofhardworkjusttogetgoodexercise,buteveryoneknowshowboringgymscanbe.Surprisingly,hedidn'tfeelsick.Thatmaybebecausewhatyouseeinthegogglesreflectswhatyourbodyisdoingontheplatform.1.Whatisthemachinelcarosprobablyfor?A.Theyoungtobuildup.B.Thedisabledtotravelinvirtualreality.C.Theoldtokeephealthy.D.Childrentoexperiencenewtechnology.2.Whatshouldtheusersdowhenusingthemachine?A.Topassabodytest.B.Tostandontheplatform.C.Towearspecialglasses.D.Toknowhowtoflyovermountains.3.HowdidNathanMaehrenfeelafterusingthemachine?A.Extremelytired.B.Alittlebitdizzy.C.Moreamusedthaningyms.D.Notexcitedasheexpected.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheintroductionofYMCA.B.Anewmachineforexercise.

38C.Thefutureofvirtualreality.D.Thetechnologyusedinfilms.答案：【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了由一家非营利性组织发明的一种新型健身机器，致力于年轻人的发展和健康生活，并介绍了其用法、使用时的感受等。l.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的"anewpieceofexerciseequipment"及“ItwillbeofferedbytheYoungMen'sChristianAssociation(YMCA),anon-profitorganizationdevotedtoyouthdevelopmentandhealthyliving."可知，这是—款运动设备，而其提供者主要致力千年轻人的发展和健康生活。由此推知，该设备是给年轻人健身用的。2.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“Usersputonvirtualrealitygoggles（护目镜）．．．“可知，在操纵设备时，使用者需要戴上特殊的眼镜。3.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第六段最后一句“'Ialmostdon'trealizeI'mworkingout,'hesaid,'You'rehavingfun.'"可知，南森梅尔在使用器材之后并没有感觉自己是在健身，而是在快乐地玩耍。4.B解析：主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了为促进年轻人健康地生活，一个非营利性组织提供了一种新型健身器材。第五组A(2018云南师大附中高三适应性月考）DogdrivesboatDumafirsthitthewaterwhenshewaslittle,goingforridesonLakeMichiganwithherownerCliffBode.AtfirstshejustsatonBode'slapwhilehedrove,butonedaysheputherpawsonthewheel."AfteracoupleoftimesintheDriver'sseat,shethoughtthatwasherplace,"Bodesays."Evenifsomeoneelsewasdriving,shewouldjumponhis/herlapandtakeover."Duma,whoalwayswearsalifejacketwhenshe'sonthewater,drivestheboat

39withherpaws.BodecontrolsthespeedandpointsDumawheretogowithhisfreehand.DogbabysitskittensThekittensclimballoverBoots,arescuedog,asifhewereafurry,junglegym.Asortofnanny,BootsplayswiththesheltercatsattheArizonaHumaneSocietytopreparethemforbeingaroundotheranimalswhenthey'readopted."WhenBootswalksin,hebecomesatoy,"saysLizTruitt,theshelter'scatwelfarespecialist.'Thekittenschasehistail,climbonhisback,andplayfullyattackhiscollar."ButBootsisallbusiness—heremainscalmandletsthecatscometohimwhenthey'recomfortable.Two-noseddogSnufflesuseshisnoseasmostdogsdo—butthere'ssomethingtypicalabouthowhisnoselooks."Hisnosehasasplit（裂口）inthemiddle,whichgiveshimanappearanceofhavinganextranose,"saysSarahGrahamoftheDogsTrustRehomingCenter,whereSnuffleslives."Snuffleshaswhat'scalledacleft（裂开的）nose,"saysveterinaryspecialistDaveSaylor."Agrowthonthefrontofhisnosehaskeptthenostrilsseparate.It'sscarce."Snuffles'specialnosecansmelljustaswellasotherdogs'noses,though."He'sahappy,healthyanimalandwillmakeafantasticpet,"Grahamsays.1.WhatcanDumadoaccordingtothetext?A.Shecandrivetheboatindependently.B.Shecancontrolthespeedwhiledrivingtheboat.C.Shecanhelpherownerwiththeboat'sdirection.D.Shecanassistherownerinrescuingthedrowningpeople.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Bootsisatoydog.

40B.Bootssavedthekittens.C.Thekittensarehomeless.D.ThekittensoftenattackBoots.3.WhatisspecialaboutSnuffles?A.Hehasnonostrils.B.Hehastwonoses.C.Hecan'tsmellwell.D.Hehasacleftnose.答案：【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三只与众不同的小狗，Duma可以操纵船的方向盘，Boots可以帮忙照顾无家可归的小猫，Snuffles虽然有一个裂鼻，但却有若灵敏的嗅觉。l.C解析：细节理解题。根据Dogdrivesboat部分中的"shethoughtthatwasherplace"及“...drivestheboatwithherpaws.BodecontrolsthespeedandpointsDumawheretogowithhisfreehand."可知，Duma的主人Bode控制速度，并且告诉她往哪个方向开。由此可知，Duma可以帮助主人控制方向盘来改变船的行驶方向。2.c解析推理判断题。根据Dogbabysitskittens部分中的"…,Bootsplayswiththesheltercats...whenthey'readopted."可知，这些小猫无家可归。3.D解析细节理解题。根据文章最后—段第一句中的“Snuffleshaswhat'scalledacleft（裂开的）nose"以及“Snuffles'specialnosecansmelljustaswellasotherdogs'noses,though."可知，Snuffles虽然有一个裂员，但它能像其他正常的狗一样拥有灵敏的嗅觉。B(2018郑州高三毕业班质量预测）ThehitmovieNottingIi/．从《诺丁山》）beginswithafamousscene.HughGrantbumpsintoJuliaRobertsandspillsorangejuicealloverher.Afterthecollision,Grantrepeatedlysays,'Tmsosorry.I'msosorry."HisactionsinthissceneareveryBritish.IfRoberts'characterwerefromBritain,thenshewouldprobablyapologizerepeatedlyaswell—evenifthecrashwerenot

41herfault.Butthisdoesn'thappeninthemovie,asRobertsisfromtheU.S.AreportinTheTelegraphoncesaidthatthreequartersofBritishpeopleapologizewhentheybumpintosomeoneinthestreet—regardlessofwhethertheyareresponsibleornot.Infact,Britonsuse"sorry"inmanysituations.Forexample,iftheymishearsomeone,theysay"Sorry?"Thepersontheyaretalkingtowillalsoapologizebyreplying,"No,Iamsorryr'Thiscangoonforuptofiveminutesastheycompeteoverwhoisthemostsorry.WhyareBritonssosorry?MarkTyrell,apsychologywriterintheU.K.,thinksthattheirapologetictendenciesarerootedinBritishclasssystem."WesaysorrybecausehistoricallythenewmiddleclassinBritainhadtoapologizefornotbeingtheworkingclass,butalsofornotreallybeingtheupperclass."Anothertheoryisthattheyapologizetoavoidconflicts.Forexample,iftheybumpintosomeone,hemightgetangry.Toavoidthis,theyinstantlysay"Sorryr'Truemannersareaboutbeingconsiderate,andtoday'sconstantuseofapologizingshowsthatweareperhapsnotasthoughtfulasweoncewere.Theword"sorry"haslostsomeofitsoriginalmeanings.Doyouseemypoint?Sorry.ItmightjustbeaBritishthing.l.WhydoestheauthormentionasceneinthemovieNottingHillatthebeginning?A.TogiveanexampleofBritishmodesty.B.Tointroducedifferentwaysofsayingsorry.C.ToshowwhatkindofmenareconsideredgentlemenintheU.K.D.Todrawourattentionandleadtothetopic.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightMarkTyrellagreewith?A.Peopleshouldnotapologizeiftheyarenotresponsible.

42B.AmericanscarelessaboutmannersthanBritishpeopledo.C.ThatBritishpeopleapologizesomuchislinkedtotheclasssystemD.Britishpeoplecaretoomuchaboutwhichsocialclasstheyarefrom.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.It'sunnecessaryforBritishpeopletobesopolite.B.TheoveruseofapologizingshowsBritonsaretrulysincere.C.Peopleshouldnotsticktothetraditionaluseoftheword"sorry".D.Using"sorry"moredoesn'tnecessarilymeanpeoplearemorepolite.4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplorethebestwayofsayingsorry.B.ToexplainwhyBritonsoverusetheword"sorry".C.Toshowhowsayingsorryhaschangedovertime.D.TosuggestmanyBritishpeoplelacktraditionalmanners.答案：【语篇解读】作者在文章开头用电影《诺丁山》里的一个场景引出话题一英国人爱说“sorry"，并分析了产生这种现象的原因。1.D解析：推理判断题。一般来说，文章开头的故事往往都是用来引起读者兴趣，导入主题的。本文作者在文音开头提到电影《诺丁山》里的一个场景，也是为了吸引读者的注意力并导入文章主题。2.C解析．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“MarkTyrell,apsychologywriterintheU.K.,thinksthattheirapologetictendenciesarerootedinBritishclasssystem."可知，英国心理学作家马克蒂雷尔认为英国人频繁说“sorry"这一现象根植千英国的阶级体系。3.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，人们较多地使用“sorry"并不—定意味着现在的人们比以前更懂礼貌，“sorry"这个词已经失去了它最初的—些意思。4.B解析：写作意图题。文章第一段以电影场景开篇，点出话题“英国人频繁使用'sorry'一词“，下文对此进行了分析，尤其是在第四段中，作者解释了英国人过度使用

43"sorry"的两个可能的原因：一是与英国的阶级体系有关，另一个是为了避免冲突。C(2018青岛高三质检）Forsolong,failurehasbeenpicturedassomethingnegative,somethingtobeashamedofandsomethingtobekeptasecret.ButSwedishDr.SamuelWesthasdecidedtoputourworstfearsonthetable.Heisopeningamuseum—theMuseumofFailure—inHelsingborg,Sweden.Insteadofshowingsuccesses,asmuseumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailureconsistsofover70"failed"productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasAppleandCoca-Cola."Ireallyhopeyouseethatthesemega-brandsthateverybodyrespectsscrew＿业too,"WesttoldTheNewYorkTimes."Ihopethatmakesyoufeellessnervousaboutlearningsomethingnew."West'sopinionisn'tanewone.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,"Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew."AndthisideahasbeenembracedbylotsofcompaniesintheU.S.SiliconValley,forexample,isthehometosomeoftheworld'smostcreativecompanies,yetitssloganturnsouttobe,quitesurprisingly,"Failfast,failoften."However,therearereasonsforthis."Thebestcompaniesarethosethatencouragefailure,embraceout-of-the-boxthinking,andallowemployeestomakemistakesandseewhathappens,"wroteSimonCasutoofForbes.Butsomepeopleareskepticalofthisso-called"cultureoffailure".Theyareworriedthatiffailurebecomes"asymbolofhonor",asWiredmagazineputit,itmayevenbeseenas"uncool"whensomeonetriestoreducetheriskoffailure.Thismaypushpeopletocaretoolittleandtrytoolittle."Sometimespeoplehidebehindfailure,whentheycouldhavepreventedit,"wroteAnnaIsaacofTheTelegraph.Soit'simportantthatyousetapartthetwokindsoffailure—thekindthat

44makesyoualoserandthekindthattakesyouforward.Thekeyiswhetheryou'velearnedsomethingfromyourmistakes."Learningistheonlyprocessthatturnsfailureintosuccess,"WesttoldTheGuardian."Ifyoudon'tlearnfromyourfailures,thenyou'vereallyfailed."1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"screwup"meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Makeaprofit.B.Makeamess.C.Makeahighlight.D.Makearisk.2.Whatmessagedoestheslogan"Failfast,failoften."convey?A.Themorefailure,thebetter.B.Acceptfailure,andtrynewthings.C.Themoreyoufail,thelesssuccessyouachieve.D.Failureismoreimportantthansuccess.3.Whichmagazineshowsdoubtaboutthecultureoffailure?A.TheNewYork劝nes.B.Forbes.C.WiredD.TheGuardian.4.What'sWest'sopinionaboutfailure?A.Failure'svalueliesinlearningfromit.B.Ifyoufail,youarealoser.C.It'snotnecessarytotrytoreducetheriskoffailure.D.Failureisthekeytopushingyouforward.答案：【语篇解读】本文主要阐述了人们通常会把失败当作消极或耻辱的事清，但是—些人认为失败并不可耻，它可以激励你前进，让你从中学到经验教训，最终走向成功。1.8解析：词义猫测题。根据文章第二段中的“Insteadofshowingsuccesses,as

45museumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailureconsistsofover70'failed'productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasAppleandCoca-Cola."可知，失败博物馆展出的不是成功的产品，而是来自苹果和可口可乐等大名鼎鼎的公司的不成功的产品。由此推知，画线词组所在句表示，韦斯特希望人们看到，即使是这种人人敬仰的大品牌，也会有搞砸的时候，故画线词组应表示“搞砸；弄得一团糟＂。2.8解析·推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,'Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew.'...embracedbylotsofcompaniesintheU.S.SiliconValley,forexample..."可知，美国许多公司都接纳失败，并尝试新事物，硅谷也这样。由此推知，“Failfast,failoften."指的是接纳失败，并尝试新事物。3.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Butsomepeopleareskepticalofthisso-called'cultureoffailure'...asWiredmagazineputit..."可知，《连线》杂志表现出了对千“失败的文化＇的怀疑态度。4.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，韦斯特认为，学习是将失败变为成功的唯—途径，如果你不从失败中学习，那么你就真的失败了。故选A项。D(2018甘肃高三诊断）Foralotofpeople,gettingafullnight'ssleepisnothingmorethanjustadream.Someofusclimbintobedintheearlyevening,andthenextthingweknow,it's2inthemorningandwe'restillstaringattheceiling.It'scommonknowledgethatsleepproblemscanbecausedbythingssuchasstress,anxiety,orevenusingasmartphonebeforebedtime.Butrecently,ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthatgenescouldalsobeacauseofsleeplessnights.Thescientists,fromRockefellerUniversityinNewYork,U.S.,foundthatdelayedsleep-phasesyndrome(DSPS,睡眠相位后移综合征），aconditionthataffectsone'ssleepingpatterns,ispasseddownviaamutated（突变的）gene.DSPSsufferers

46wakeuplaterandgotobedlaterthantheaverageperson.Tocometotheirconclusion,theteamstudieda46-year-oldwomanwhoisonlyusuallyabletofallasleepat2or3inthemorning.Itwasdiscoveredthatthewoman'sbodyproducesthehormonethathelpshersleepatnightuptosevenhourslaterthanregularsleepers.Thescientistsfoundthiswascausedbyamutationinoneofthewoman'sgenes,onethathelpsregulatethe"bodyclock".Someofthewoman'sfamilymemberswerealsofoundtosharethesamemutation—andthesamesleepingproblems—leadingthescientiststobelievethatsleeptroublesarepasseddownthroughthegenerations.However,havingthismutationdoesn'tmeanyouautomaticallyhavesleepproblems.Theteamalsofoundtwopeoplewhohadthemutationbutreportednoproblemswiththeirsleep.Butwhilethisisaninterestingdiscovery,itoffersnohelptothosewhocan'tfallasleepatnight—althoughthereareafewthingsyoucouldtrytohelpyousleepearlier.BBCjournalistMichaelMosleyproducedaTVdocumentaryinMayinwhichhetalkedabouthisbattlewithinsomnia（失眠）andthetechniquesheused."Iavoidsocialmediaforatleastanhourbeforebed.Idomindfulnessexercises,andifIwakeupinthemiddleofthenight,Ireadabookforanhourorso,"hewroteinanarticlefortheRadioTimes.1.Whathavescientistsrecentlydiscoveredaboutsleepproblems?A.Sleepproblemscanbearesultofgenes.B.Stressandanxietycancausesleepproblems.C.Smartphonesarethemaincauseofsleepproblemsnowadays.D.Sleepproblemsaremorecommonamongyoungerpeople.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemutationofthegenerelatedtosleep?

47A.Itwilldelaysleepforsevenhours.B.Itdoesn'tnecessarilycausesleepproblems.C.Itwillbepasseddowntoeveryfuturegeneration.D.Itcanbemodifiedtohelpsolvesleepproblems.3.WhatdoesMichaelMosleysuggestdoingbeforesleeptofightagainstinsomnia?A.Listeningtolightmusic.B.Readinginterestingbooks.C.Keepingawayfromsocialmedia.D.Doingsomeoutdoorexercises.4.What'sthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Togiveadviceonhowtocureinsomnia.B.Toexplaindifferentreasonsforsleepproblems.C.Towarnreadersofthebadinfluencesofsleepinglate.D.Toreportthediscoveryofageneticcauseforsleepproblems.答案：【语篇解读】很多人都有失眠的问题，有可能是受压力或焦虑的影响，也可能是睡前看手机的原因。最近一项研究发现基因也可能引发睡眠问题。1.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Butrecently,ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthatgenescouldalsobeacauseofsleeplessnights."可知，科学家们最近发现基因也可能是导致失眠的一个原因。2.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究发现了两名有基因突变但没有睡眠问题的人，因此基因突变并不一定会引发睡眠问题。3.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Iavoidsocialmediaforatleastanhourbeforebed."可知，迈克尔建议人们睡前远离社交媒体。4.D解析：写作意医题。通读全文，尤其是由引出话题的第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现基因可能会引发睡眠问题。

48第六组A(2018沈阳高三质量监测）MBAPrograminBellevueUniversityMasterofArtsinManagementBachelor'sandMaster'sinLeadershipYouknowyou'vegotwhatittakestoleadandmakeadifference.Realconceptsandcasestudies.Realinteractionwithotheradultsinouraward-winningonlineclassroom.RealLearningforRealLife.Call800-756-7920toenrolltoday.BellevueUniversityRealstoriesatwww.Bellevue.eduColoradoStateUniversity'sMBAProgramTheCSUDistanceMBAProgramTwo-or-four-yearprogramsFlexibleandconvenientscheduleNoresidencyrequirementCoursedeliveredviaDVDandstreamingvideowww.CSUmba.comContactMattLelandat800-491-4622]MBA:INPROGRESSWeknowyouareon-the-go,sotakeyourMBAprogramwithyou.KelleyDirectoffersaworld-renowneddegree,withtheopportunitytocreateglobalbusinessconnectionsandbestofall,ultimateflexibilitytofityourlifestyle.Formoreinformationvisitwww.kdiu.edu.

49KellySchoolofBusinessIndianaUniversityOneschool.Endlesspossibilities.Toreservespaceorformoreinformationabout2018ExecutiveEducationandMBADirectoryopportunities,e-mailpatrice-serret@businessweek.com.1.Ifyouwanttolearnsomethingpracticalinrealsituations,youcanchooseA.KellySchoolofBusinessB.BellevueUniversityC.ColoradoStateUniversityD.IndianaUniversity2.Whataretheseadvertisementsfor?A.Schoolwebsites.B.Bachelor'sdegree.C.Onlinelearning.D.Globalbusiness.3.YoucanfindalltheinformationabovefromA.www.kdiu.eduB.www.Bellevue.eduC.www.CSUmba.comD.www.businessweekcom答案：【语篇解读】本文是三则有关MBA网络课程的广告，三所大学的网络课程各有特色，学习者可根据自己的需求进行选择。1.B解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词realsituations可将信息定位至原文第一条广告，根据本部分中的“Realconceptsandcasestudies."和“RealLearningforRealLife.“可知如果你想在现实生活中学习一些实用的东西，应选择BellevueUniversity.2.C解析细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的“onlineclassroom"和“Realstories

50atwww.Bellevue.edu",第二则广告中的"TheCSUDistanceMBAProgram"和"www.CSUmba.com"及第三则广告中的"ultimateflexibilitytofityourlifestyle"和"www.kdiu.edtl'可知，本文是有关网络课程的三则广告。3.D解析．推理判断题。根据本文最后的“Toreservespaceorformoreinformationabout2018…e-mailpatric~serret@businessweek.com."可知，本文中有关网络课程的广告是刊登在杂志《商业周刊》上面的，登录它的网站(www.businessweek.com)可以获取三则广告的所有信息。B(2018沈阳高三质量监测）Peoplewhohaveredhairandpeoplewhoarelosingtheirhaircouldfinallygettheirownemoji（表清符号）．TheEmojipediawebsitehasshownnewemojisfollowingdemandsthattheyshouldbemorediverse.Ifitsideasareapproved,thenewemojiscouldbeaddedin2018,alongsidenewcharactersthathavegray,curlyorAfrohair."Newstylesfocusonappearancesthataren'tcurrentlysupportedintheinformalskintoneandhaircolorpairings（组合）usedonmanycellphones,"showedonepageonthewebsite.ThepagegaveJessicaChastainandEdSheeranasexamplesofpeoplewithredhair.SineadO'ConnorandSamuelL.Jacksonweregivenasexamplesofpeoplewithnohairorashavenhead.Theemojiscouldbereleasedin2018ifchosenbytheUnicodeConsortiumwhichmetinJanuary,2017followinganumberofcomplaintsaboutlackofdiversity."Non-naturallyoccurringfeatures,suchasbluehairandtattoos,arenotincludedinthisproject,"thewebsiteadded.Attheendof2016,ApplepublisheditsiOS10.2softwareupdatewhichincluded72newemojissuchasfirefighters,astronauts,rockstarsandsoon.Butpeoplewhohaveredhairwerenotablyabsent,causingaglobalprotest.AwebsiteinScotlanddemandinggingeremojisgot20,000signatures.The

51mainissueisthatthereisoneorganization,knownasUnicodeConsortium,whocontrolsemojisoniPhone.InMarch,anewlistofemojiswaspublishedbyEmojipediawhichmightbereleasedlaterthisyear.However;theemojisneedtobeapprovedbytheUnicodeTechnicalCommitteebeforepeoplecanusethem.In2015,gingeremojiswerepublishedontheGooglePlayStoreforAndroidButupuntilnow,theUnicodeConsortiumhasnotbeenwillingtogiveintogingercampaigners.1.Whichofthefollowingemojiscouldbeincludedin2018?A.Characterswithblackhair.B.Characterswithwhiteskin.C.Characterswithshavenheads.D.Characterswithsmilingfaces.2.TattoosarerejectedbytheUnicodeConsortiumbecause_.A.thereisnodemandforthemB.peopledislikesuchemo丿isC.theyareoutoffashionD.theyarenotnaturalidentity3.WhatistheUnicodeConsortium'sattitudetogingeremojis?A.Favorable.B.Ambiguous.C.Disapproving.D.Uncaring.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NewEmojistoBeAddedin2018B.ComplaintsaboutthePresentEmojisC.DemandsforNewandInformalEmojisD.GlobalProtestsAgainsttheLackofDiversity

52答案：【语篇解读】Emojipedia网站推出了新一批不同发色和肤色组合的表渭符号，如果这些表情符号被统一码联盟批准，那么红发人士和光头人士在2018年就能获得他们的专属表情符号了。1.C解析．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及最后一句可知，红发人士和光头人士在2018年可能会有自己的专属表情符号。2.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句中的"Non-naturallyoccurringfeatures,suchasbluehairandtattoos,arenotincludedinthisproject"可知，文身不属于自然特征，所以被统一码联盟拒绝了。3.c解析观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Butupuntilnow,theUnicodeConsortiumhasnotbeenwillingtogiveintogingercampaigners."可知，统一码联盟并未打算对姜黄色的表情符号让步，说明它反对采用该表情符号。favorable意为＂赞许的＇；ambiguous意为＂含糊的，模棱两可的',disapproving意为“不赞同的，不同意的';uncaring意为＂漠不关心的＇。4.A解析：标题归纳题。文章开篇点题，2018年将收录更多的表情符号，下文进行了具体阐述，如红发人士、光头人士可能会有自己的专属表清符号。A项(2018年将添加新的表情符号）最能概括文章内容。C(2018深圳市高三第一次调研）Mymotivationforstartingourfamilytraditionofreadinginthecarwaspurelyselfish:IcouldnotbearlisteningtoASesameStreetChristmasforanother10hours.Mythreechildrenhadbeenaddictedtothiscassetteonourprevioussummerroadtrips.AsIbegantoprepareforournext500-milecartrip,Icameacrossabook—JimTrelease'sTheRead-AloudHandbookThiscouldbetheanswertomyproblem,Ithought.SoIputRoaldDahl's丿'amesandtheGiantPeachintomybag.WhenIbegantoreadaloudthetaleoftheboywhoescapesthebadguysbyhidinginsideagiantpeach,mythreekidsarguedandwrestledintheirseats.Butafterseveral

53lines,theywereattractedintotherhythmofthewordsandbegantolisten.Wesoonlearnedthatthesimplepleasureoflisteningtoawell-writtenbookmakesthelongmilespassmorequickly.Sometimesthebookswereadbecamehighlightsofthetrip.IreadWilsonRawls'sSummeroftheMonkeysaswespenttwodaysdrivingtothebeach.Wearrived丿ustbehindthepowercrewsrestoring（恢复）electricityafteratropicalstorm.Theraincontinuedmostoftheweek,andthebeachwascoveredwithoilwashedupbythestorm.Whenwereturnedhome,Iaskedmysonwhathelikedaboutthetrip.Heansweredwithouthesitation,"Thebookyoureadinthecar."Roadtripsstillofferchallenges,eventhoughmychildrennowareteenagers.Butwecontinuetoreadaswerollacrossthecountry.AndI'mbeginningtoseethatreadingaloudhasdonemorethanhelpingpassthetime.Foratleastalittlewhile,wearenotshutinourownelectronicworlds.Andmaybewe'vestartedsomethingthatwillpassontothenextgeneration.l.Whydidtheauthorstartreadinginthecar?A.Shewantedtohaveabetterjourney.B.Shewantedtokeepafamilytradition.C.Herchildrenwereaddictedtoreading.D.Herchildrenweretiredofthecassette.2.Howdidthechildrenreactaftertheauthorreadafewlines?A.Theykeptfighting.B.Theyhidthemselves.C.Theysoonsettleddown.D.Theyreadtogetheraloud.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandherfamily'striptothebeach?A.Theywerecaughtinastorm.

54B.Theyenjoyedreadingontheroad.C.Theyhadagoodtimeonthebeach.D.Theythoughtithadpassedtooquickly4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BetterTravelingThanReadingB.BooksThatChangedMyChildrenC.RoadTripsFullofChallengesD.ReadingMakesGreatRoadTrips答案：【语篇解读】作者通过自身的经历讲述了旅途中阅读的好处，它让家人从各自的电子世界中脱离出来，共享在—起的美好时光。1.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，作者开始在旅途中开展家庭阅读的动机是她忍受不了像以前那样继续听ASesameStreetChristmas，也就是说她想要一个更好的旅途。2.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，刚开始读故事的时候，作者的三个孩子还在吵闹扭打，但是在作者读了几行后他们开始被故事吸引，认真听起来，即他们很决安定了下来。3.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“Sometimesthebookswereadbecamehighlightsofthetrip.＂贞圾该段最后两句可知，阅读是他们旅途中的亮点，说明他们很喜欢阅读。4.D解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，通过阅读，作者把原本比较枯燥的旅途变得有意义，再结合文章最后一段第三句“AndI'mbeginningtoseethatreadingaloudhasdonemorethanhelpingpassthetime."可知，朗读不仅仅能消磨时间，而且使他们的旅途更充实、更有意义。故选D项。D(2018郑州市高三第一次质量预测）Imagineyou'restandinginlinetobuyasnackatastore.Youstepuptothecounterandthecashierscansyourfood.Next,you

55havetopay.ButinsteadofscanningaQRcode（二维码）withyoursmartphone,you丿ustholdoutyourhandsothecashiercanscanyourfingerprint.Or,acamerascansyourface,youreyesorevenyourears.Now,thistypeoftechnologymightnotbefaraway.Astechnologycompaniesmoveawayfromthetraditionalpassword,biometric（生物特征识别的）security,whichincludesfingerprint,faceandvoiceID,isbecomingincreasinglypopular.In2013,AppleintroducedtheiPhoneSs,oneofthefirstsmartphoneswithafingerprintscanner.Sincethen,usingone'sfingerprinttounlockaphoneandmakemobilepaymentshasbecomecommonplace,bringingconveniencetoourlives.Andsince2016,Samsunghasfeaturedeye-scanningtechnologyinitstopsmartphones,whileApple'snewiPhoneXcanevenscanauser'sface.Butdespiteitspopularity,expertswarnthatbiometricsmightnotbeassecureasweimagine."Biometricsisideallygoodinpractice,notsomuch,"saidJohnMichener,abiometricsexpert.WhenintroducingthenewiPhone'sfaceIDfeature,PhilSchiller,Apple'sseniorvice-president,said,"ThechancethatarandompersoninthepopulationcouldlookatyouriPhoneXandunlockitwithhisorherfaceisaboutoneinamillion."Butit'salreadybeendone.InavideopostedonacommunitywebsiteReddit,twobrothersshowedhowtheywereeachabletounlockthesameiPhoneXusingtheirownface.Andtheyaren'teventwins."Wemayexpecttoomuchfrombiometrics,"AnilJain,acomputerscienceprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity,toldCBSNews."Nosecuritysystemsareperfect."Earlierlastyear,Jainfoundawaytotrickbiometricsecurity.Usingaprintedcopyofathumbprint,shewasabletounlockadeadperson'ssmartphoneforthepolice,accordingtoatechwebsiteSplinter."It'sgoodtoseebiometricsbeingused

56more,"JaintoldCBSNews,"becauseitaddsanotherfactorforsecurity.Butusingmultiplesecuritymeasuresisthebestdefense."1.Whichisthelatestidentificationtechnologyinasmartphoneaccordingtothepassage?A.Facescanning.B.Eyescanning.C.QRcodescanning.D.Fingerprintscanning.2.WhatisamajorproblemoftheiPhoneX'sfaceIDsystem?A.Ittakestoolongtounlockthephone.B.Itoftenfailstorecognizeitsowner'sface.C.Facedatacanbeusedforotherpurposes.D.Differentfacescanbeusedtounlockthesamephone.3.WhatisAnilJain'sopinionaboutbiometricsecurity?A.Itisassecureastraditionalmeasures.B.Itisperfectwithoutmuchimprovement.C.Ithascausedmuchtroubleforthepolice.D.Itshouldbeusedwithothersecuritymeasures.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthispassage?A.Thepopularityofbiometrics.B.Securityproblemsofbiometrics.C.Variousproblemswithbiometrics.D.Greatchangescausedbybiometrics.答案：【语篇解读】本文介绍了生物特征识别技术的最新发展情况，并介绍了这些生物特征识别技术存在的安全问题。1.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，现在生物识别安全系统越来越受欢迎，包括指纹、面部和声音识别。再根据第三段可知，苹果公司的iPhoneX甚至可以扫描使用者的面部。由此可知，苹果的面部扫描技术应该是智能手机的最新识别技术。

572.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中所举的例子”InavideopostedonacommunitywebsiteReddit,twobrothersshowedhowtheywereeachabletounlockthesameiPhoneXusingtheirownface.Andtheyaren'teventwins."可知，人脸识别系统的一个主要可题是不同的脸可以解锁同一部手机。3.D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“'Nosecuritysystemsareperfect.'"及最后—段最后一句中的“Butusingmultiplesecuritymeasuresisthebestdefense."可知，没有哪项安全技术是完美的，所以生物特征识别技术应与其他安全措施一起使用。4.B解析：写作意圈题。通读全文可知，作者首先介绍了几种当前先进的生物特征识别技术，然后通过举例说明人脸识别系统存在的问题，并建议应多种措施一起使用。由此可知，作者的目的是想告诉读者有关生物特征识别的安全问题。第七组A(2018·山东菁岛高三质检）ChinaTrainGuideQuickguideonChinatraintravelIfyou'relookingforanaffordableandcomfortablewaytogetaroundChina,traintravelisthewaytogo.Gettingtraininformationandcheaptrainticketshasneverbeeneasier.OnlinetrainticketbookingmakesiteasyfortravelerstolookthroughChina'straintimetable,comparetrainfares,andlookforticketavailability.Onceyou'vefoundasuitabletrain,youcanbookonlineandpickyourticketsupatthetrainstationorgetthemdeliveredtoyourhomeorhotel.Trainticketscanbebookedonlineaminimumof35minutesandamaximumof30daysbeforedeparture.Howtochoosetraintypes

58Whenyou'rebuyingChinatrainticketsonline,you'llnoticethatthejourneydurationdiffersdependingonwhichtypeoftrainyouchoose.Chinatraintypescanberecognizedbytheirlettercodes.G,DandCtrainsarehigh-speedtrains,whileZ,TandKareslowerorovernighttrains.China'shigh-speedtrainsrunmainlybetweenChineseprovincialcapitalsandfirst-tierChinesecities.Gtrains(high•speedtrains,standingforgaotie)areChina'sbullettrains—thefastesttrainswithamaximumspeedof400km/h.Ticketsforthesetrainsarethemostexpensive.HowtobuytrainticketsUnlessyoucanreadChinese,thereareonlytwowaystomaketrainreservationsinChina:-Onlinetrainticketbookingwithatravelagency(upto30daysbeforedeparture).-Atthetrainstation/localticketagencywithyourpassport(upto28daysbeforedeparture).HowtoreadtrainticketsWhenreadingyourtrainticket,pleasetakenoteoftheChinesecharactersandpinyin,printednexttoyourdeparture/arrivalcity.Directions(north,south,east,andwest)appearinpinyin(bei,nan,dong,andxt),notEnglish.Pleasemakesureyouaregoingtothecorrecttrainstation.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.TravelingbytraininChinaisnotveryexpensive.B.It'sdifficulttogettraininformationinChina.C.Youcangetonthetrainwithoutticketsafterbookingonline.D.Trainticketsonlineareavailableatanytimewithin30daysbeforeyouleave.2.IfMr.Smithneedstotravelfrom丿inantoBeijingforsomethingurgent,he'dbettertake

59A.GtrainsB.ZtrainsC.TtrainsD.Overnighttrains3.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.Nativetourists.B.Travelagencies.C.Foreigntravelers.D.Businessmen.答案·【语篇解读】本文主要向外国游客介绍了在中国乘火车出行时需要注意的事项，包括中国铁路出行的决速指南、如何选择列车类型、如何购票以及如何读取车票信息等。1.A解析：推理判断题。根据QuickguideonChinatraintravel部分的第一、二句可知，如果你在寻求能够负担得起且舒适的环游中国的方式，那么乘火车旅行就是一个好的选择。获取列车信息和便宜的车票从未如此简单。由此推知，在中国乘火车旅行花费不太多。2.A解析：推理判断题。根据Howtochoosetraintypes部分的倒数第二句“Gtrains(high-speedtrains,standingforgaotie)areChina'sbullettrains—thefastesttrains…”可知，高铁是中国最快的火车，如果史密斯先生因为急事要从济南到北京，应选择最快的列车，因此应乘坐G开头的火车。3.C解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据QuickguideonChinatraintravel部分的第一句及Howtobuytraintickets部分的“Atthetrainstation/localticketagencywithyourpassport"可推知，本文的目标读者是外国游客。B(2018高考考前适应性考试）WhenIwasakidinthe1960smyparentshadacountrystoreinthesmalltownofFrankfort,Maine.Noneighboringhousescouldbeseenfromourplace,andnewsalesmenwerealwaysamazedattheamountofbusinesswedid.Dad'smottowas,"Weselleverything."Ifhedidn'thavesomethinginstore,hewouldpickitupforcustomersonhisweeklytriptoBangor.OnetimeDadwasinBangorgettingshoesforsomeoneatashoefactory.Hesawbigboxesfullofshoesandaskedaboutthem.Theywerethemates（一双鞋中的

60一只）tofaultyshoesthathadbeenthrownaway.Helookedthroughtheboxesandrealizedthattherewereusablebrand-newshoesinthere.Heofferedthemanagerfivecentsashoe.Dadmadethedealandgotthemanagertoreserveanyfutureboxesforhim.OfcourseMom,hisbusinesspartner,wasmorepractical,andherfirstreactionwas,"Butwhatareyougoingtodowiththem?"DadboughtanoldschoolbusHecleaneditup,removedtheseatsandplacedbigcontainersdownbothsitesoftheaisle（通道）．Whenallwasready,thewholefamilyhelpedtoputtheshoesinplace.Atfirst,itlookedlikewehadplentyofroomonthebus,butDadkeptbringinghomemoreboxes.TherewasnosignontheShoeBus.TheonlyadvertisingDaddidwastoplaceapieceofpaperbesidethestoreexitthatread"Shoes$1apair."Whenfolksaskedaboutthedeal,theylearneditwasn'tthateasybecausetheyhadtofindtheirownpairs.Theattractionwasacombinationofgettingagooddealonaqualitypairofshoesandthethrillofthehunt.TothisdayIstillrunintopeoplewhotalkaboutthefuntheyhadsearchingforpairsinDad'sShoeBus.1.Theauthor'sparentsrantheirstorewellbecause_.A.theyalwayshadenoughsuppliesinstoreB.theywonthegreatsupportofnewsalesmenC.theyopeneditinaverycrowdedneighborhoodD.theydidalltheycouldtomeettheircustomers'need2.WhydidthecustomersthinkitfunshoppingintheShoeBus?A.Therewerefreebusridesofferedonthem.B.Theycouldreceivebettercustomerservice.

61C.Theycouldmatchpairsofshoesbythemselves.D.Therewasawidevarietyofshoestochoosefrom.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'sfatherfromthetext?A.Hehadagoodnoseforbusiness.B.Hewascleverattransformingastore.C.Hewaspatientwithcustomers.D.Hehadastrongpreferenceforbargains.答案：【语篇解读】作者的父亲很有商业头脑，他开办的公交车鞋店的销售策略很受顾客欢迎，大家在买到物超所值的鞋子的同时还能体会到在公交车上寻找合适鞋子的快乐。1.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知作者的父母经营的商店很成功，因为他们时刻想着为顾客提供他们想要购买的商品。故选D项。2.C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theattractionwasacombinationofgettingagooddealonaqualitypairofshoesandthethrillofthehunt."可知顾客认为在公交车上找物美价廉的鞋子很有趣。故选C项。3.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“TothisdayIstillrunintopeoplewhotalkaboutthefuntheyhadsearchingforpairsinDad'sShoeBus."可知作者的父亲开办的公交车鞋店很受欢迎，他很有商业头脑。故选A项。C(2018合肥市高三质检一）MynameisMatthew.I'mnotsomeonewhohasmanysecrets,becauseI'materribleliar.ButthereisonehugesecretthatIkeptforyears—Ifailedmydriver'stest.Ihadneverfailedatestbefore,andhadneverevencomeclose.Drivingmademeanxious,butmyparentstoldmeIhadto.Theysignedmeupfordrivinglessons.Ihadgottenaperfectscoreonmywrittenpermitexam,butgettingbehindthewheelwasadifferentstory.ButwhenOctober30throlledaround,mypridesetin.Iwantedtobelikeeveryoneelseatmyschool,showingoffthebrandnewlicensethey'dgotten.

62Lookingbackonthatspecialday,Ican'trememberifIwasnervous.WhatIdorememberisstartingthetest,pausingatastopsignafterafewseconds,andbeingaskedbytheinstructortopullover.Ihadreceivedanauto-failsincemypausewasindeedapauseandnotarealstop.Iwasn'tupsetthatIwasleavingwithoutalicense,butIwasscaredeveryonewouldknowthatIhadfailed.SowhenIgottoclass,ItoldeveryoneIdidn'twanttotakethetestonmybirthday.OneFridayamonthlater,Iwenttothetestspotagainandpassed.LaterthatnightIdroveforthefirsttimebymyself,whichbroughtmeanamazingfeelingI'veneverexperienced-butstill,Icouldn'timagineevertellinganyonethetruth.SoIdidn't.Itwasn'tuntilmidwaythroughcollegethatIcameclean.Itturnedoutplentyofmycollegefriendshadfailedtoo!AndIgatheredenoughcouragetospeakthefactout.Yes,Ihadalsofailed.NowIrealizefailureandimperfectionaretwothingseveryonehastoexperience,withoutwhichonecouldn'tmakeatrueman.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutMatthew?A.Hereliedheavilyonhisparents.B.Hewasboredwithtellinglies.C.Hewasaslowlearnerofdriving.D.Hewasafraidoftakingexams.2.WhydidtheinstructoraskMatthewtopullover?A.Toputanendtohistest.B.Tocheckhisparkingskills.C.Togivehimasecondchance.D.Toshowhimabetterwayofdriving.3.WhatmadeMatthewfeelextremelyworriedafterhisfirstattempt?A.Failingtogetadrivinglicense.

63B.Missinghisbirthdaycelebration.C.Makinghisparentsdisappointed.D.Losingfacebeforehisclassmates.4.WhatdidMatthewlearnfromhisownexperience?A.Failureisawaytogrowup.B.Honestyisthebestpolicy.C.Truthstandsthetestoftime.D.Imperfectionisanotherformofperfection.答案：【语篇解读】本文介绍了作者在第一次驾照考试失败后怕被人嘲笑，向同学们撒了谎并一直将此事深藏于心。但是在上大学期间作者意识到其实很多人和自己一样，也有着相同的经历。作者由此领悟到人人都会经历失败，都有不完美的一面，失败和不完美才会让一个人真正地成长起来。1.C解析推理判断题。根据文中第一段中的“Ihadgottenaperfectscoreonmywrittenpermitexam,butgettingbehindthewheelwasadifferentstory."可知，“我＇笔试考得很棒，但是实际驾驶操作却很糟，所以“我”是一个学驾驶较慢的人。2.A解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“Ihadreceivedanauto-failsincemypausewasindeedapauseandnotarealstop."可知，教练让“我＇停车是因为“我＇考试失败了，即考试结束。3.D解析．细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“Iwasn'tupsetthatIwasleavingwithoutalicense,butIwasscaredeveryonewouldknowthatIhadfailed."可知，“我＇对自己没有拿到驾照并不感到难过，而是害怕每个人都知道“我＇没通过驾照考试。4.A解析推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“NowIrealizefailureandimperfectionaretwothingseveryonehastoexperience,withoutwhichonecouldn'tmakeatrueman."可知，我”意识到失败和不完美是每个人必须经历的两件事，没有它们一个人就不可能成长。D

64(2018邯郸高三质检）Inthemid-2000s,WazeMobileco-founderEhudShabtaireceivedacutting-edge（尖端的）giftfromhisgirlfriend:aGPS.Theexpensivegiftwassupposedtobehelpful.Butstraightoutofthebox,itwasalreadyoutofdate.Shabtai,acodingenthusiast,hadanimmediatereactiontoreinvent.Shabtai'ssolution?Tobuildanapp.With50millionmonthlyactiveusersgloballyandnearly400,000superuserswhofunctionmuchlikeWikipediavolunteereditors(editingmapsratherthanwords),WazeMobilecaughttheeyeofGoogleasarevolutionaryapproachtonavigation（导航）．AcquiredbyGooglein2013,Waze'svaluemainlyliesinitshighrateofuserinvolvement.Unliketraditionalnavigationappsthatsimplyshowdirections,Wazeasksitsuserstoreportaccidentsandotherroadconditionsinrealtime,sootheruserscanavoidthetrafficbyusinganalternativeroute.ThegoalbehindWaze'sapproachisanambitiousone:not丿ustavoidtraffic,butenditaltogether.Wazeisfindingnewwaystoputitsloyalandactiveuserbasetousetomakethatvisionareality,includingaplantomakecarpooling（拼车）cool.Tobesure,trafficjamsaretroublingpeopleallovertheworld.Wazehasbeenquietlyaheadofthegameforsometime.In2013,whenWazewasjustasmalldigital-mappingbusinesswithlimitedresources,ithadsomethingGoogleMapsandothercompetitorsdidn't:richerGPSguidancethankstoitsstreamoflivetrafficreportsfromusers.TheseuserswerethebasisofShabtai'splanforhisGPSdevice's"silent"hardware:hegroundedtheappinsoftwarethatcouldbe~updatedbyusers,anywhereandanytime.WazeCarpoolisgoingstraighttotheheartoftrafficjams,tryingtogetmoredriversofftheroadandintocarpools.Theapphasalreadyconnectedtensofthousandsofrideseekerswithdriverswillingtoferrythemalongasharedroute,

65andthattrendcouldbetheanswertoatraffic-freefuture.1.WhatdidShabtaidowhenhefoundhisgirlfriend'sgiftoutofdate?A.Heimprovedit.B.Hetookitapart.C.Heputitaway.D.Heuseditanyway.2.WhatsetsWazeMobileapartfromtraditionalnavigationapps?A.Ithasthemostusers.B.Itcanindicatedirections.C.Itreportsroadconditionsinrealtime.D.Mostusershelpedititswords.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perpetually"inParagraph6probablymean?A.Difficultly.B.Carefully.C.Greatly.D.Constantly.4.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A.Theriseofcarpooling.B.Anadvancednavigationapp.C.ThedevelopmentofGoogle.D.Trafficproblemsintheworld.答案·【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了导航应用Waze的发明、发展以及特点等相关信息。它的出众之处在千它会实时报道路况。1.A解析．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Shabtai,acodingenthusiast,hadanimmediatereactiontoreinvent."可知，沙卜泰发现礼物过时以后，立刻对礼物进行了改良2.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unliketraditionalnavigationappsthatsimplyshowdirections,Wazeasksitsuserstoreportaccidentsandotherroad

66conditionsinrealtime,sootheruserscanavoidthetrafficbyusinganalternativeroute."可知，Waze与传统导航系统的不同之处在千，它可以实时报道道路状况。3.D解析：词义猜测题。根据该画线词后的“updatedbyusers,anywhereandanytime"和文章内容可知，Waze是一款能够了解即时路况的应用程序，所以信息需要随时随地不断更新。所以perpetually意为“连续不断地＇，与constantly同义。4.B解析：主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文介绍了沙卜泰对过时的礼物进行了改良，以及这款新型的导航应用Waze的特点等。第八组A(2018甘肃省高三诊断）Ifyou'llbetakingvacationtimeinthecomingyearandplanonflying,herearesomeshoppingtipstogiveyourundividedattentionto.WhentobuyIfyou'reshoppingfordomesticflights,checkpricesonTuesdayafternoonsThisisanoldtipbutstillvalidbecausemostU.S.camerscontinuetoreleasesalesonTuesdaymorning,andcompetitorsquicklydroptheirfarestomatchthebetterdeals.WhentoflyWeekdayscontinuetobegenerallycheapertimestoflythanweekendsformostflights.IntheU.S.spec巾cally,thecheapestdaysaretypicallyTuesday,WednesdayandSaturday.Agooditinerary（旅行计划）fortheexpensiveU.S.springbreaktravelperiodisTuesdaytoSaturday;itwon'tbecheapexactly,butitwillsaveyoumoney(inmostcases)overweekend-to-weekendtravel.Directvs.connectingflightsComparethepriceofdirectwithconnectingflights.Sometimesaddingastoptoyourroutewillsaveyoumoney,anditmightbeenoughtoenduretheextra-longflyingday.Someexamples:

67BostontoSeattle:$247direct,$234one-stopSanFranciscotoRaleigh/Durham:$553direct,$362one-stopOkay,thesavingsonBoston—Seattlemightnotbeworthittoyou,butI'llbetyou'llthinktwiceaboutthedirectflightforSanFranciscotoRaleigh.Compare,compare,compareStlf|e＿归＿~togotoyourfavoriteairlinesitetopurchaseticketswithoutdoinganycomparison;it'sarecipefordisaster.Example:Let'ssayyouwanttoflyfromNewYorktoLondonandfiguringyourfavoriteU.S.legacycarrierwillgetyouthereforthebestprice.Airlineprice:$554round-tripComparisonprice:$486Obviously,thelegacycarrierdidnothavethecheapestflight,butwait,there'smore:Thecomparisonsitealsoshowedacheaperflightfromthesamelegacycarrier($521).Seewhatyou'remissingwhenyoufailtocompare?1.WhencouldthebestpriceforflightswithintheU.S.mostpossiblybefound?A.Mondaymorning.B.Tuesdayafternoon.C.Thursdaymorning.D.Sundaymorning.2.Whatareticketbuyersadvisedtodo?A.Choosedirectflightsratherthanconnectingones.B.Takethecheapestdealfromtheirfavoriteairline.C.LookforflightdealstoEuropethroughoutthesummer.D.Avoidweekend-to-weekendflightsinholidayseasons.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"Stifletheimpulse"probablymean?A.Feelfreetodosomething.B.Holdoffondoingsomething.C.Getwellpreparedforsomething.

68D.Makequickdecisionsaboutsomething.答案：【语篇解读】如果你打算假期买机票去某个地方游玩，买机票的时间、出发的时间和返程的时间都会影响机票的价格。本文主要介绍了购买便宜机票的多种方法。1.B解析细节理解题。根据Whentobuy中的“Ifyou'reshoppingfordomesticflights,checkpricesonTuesdayafternoons."以及后文给出的原因可知周二下午票价是最便宜的。2.D解析：推理判断题。根据Whentofly中的"Weekdayscontinuetobegenerallycheapertimestoflythanweekendsformostflights."可知，通常情况下，工作日的飞机票比周末便宜，因此买票的时候应该避免买周末出发、周末返程的机票。3.B解析词义猜测题。根据后文的"it'sarecipefordisaster”和“Seewhatyou'remissingwhenyoufailtocompare?"可知，作者建议先比较价格后买票，故此处应表示“在未比较的清况下遏制住去最喜欢的网站买票的冲动'oholdoffondoingsth意为“拖延做某事”，与画线短语意思相近。B(2018深圳高三第一次调研）Thearmbonesofwomenwholived7,000yearsagoshowasurprisinglevelofstrength—evenhigherthantoday'sprofessionalwomenathletes.That'saccordingtoafirst-everstudycomparingprehistoric（史前的）bonestothoseoflivingpeople.Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory—theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife."Beforethestudy,therearenoclearrecordsdescribinghowourancientancestorslived.Itcanbeeasytoforgetthatboneisalivingtissue,onethatrespondstothedifficultiesweputourbodiesthrough,"saidleadauthorAlisonMacintosh."Physicalforceandmuscleactivitybothputpressureonthebone.Thebonereactsbychanginginshape,thicknessandotheraspectsovertime."

69Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,theresearcherssaid—andthat'saproblem,becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthan也翌ofwomen.Forinstance,ashumansmovedfromahunter-gathererlifestyleconstantlyonthemovetoamoresettledagrarian（农耕的）one,changescanbeobservedinthestructureoftheshinbone（胫骨）—andthesechangesweremuchmoreevidentinmen.However,acomparisonofthebonesofprehistoricwomentothebonesoflivingfemaleathletescanhelpusworkoutamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthoseprehistoricwomenweredoing."Byanalyzingthebonesoflivingpeopleandcomparingthemtotheancientbones,wecanstarttoexplainthekindsoflaborourancestorswerereforming,"Macintoshsaid.Whattheyfoundwasthatwomen'slegstrengthhasn'tchangedagreatdeal,buttheirarmsusedtobeverypowerful.Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11—16percentstrongerthanthatofmodernwomenrowers（桨手），and30percentstrongerthanthatofnon-athletewomen.1.Whatdoesthestudytellaboutprehistoricwomen?A.Theywerestrongerthanmen.B.Theyhadlighterbonesthanmen.C.Theydidtoughtasksasthemendid.D.Theyspentmosttimestayingathome.2.Whatproblemdidpreviousstudiesonprehistoricboneshave?A.Theylackedenoughcomparison.B.Theyonlystudiedmen'sbones.C.Theyfocusedlittleonbones.D.Theyignoredthelifestyles.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph3referto?

70A.Bones'structure.B.Bones'thickness.C.Bones'responsetostressandchange.D.Bones'stressfromhardlabor.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.It'sstillhardtoexplainourancestors'lifestyle.B.Prehistoricwomenwentthroughmuchsuffering.C.Women'sarmshavebecomemuchstrongerovertime.D.Prehistoricwomenarestrongerthancontemporaryfemales.答案：【语篇解读】研究发现，生活在7000年前的女性其臂骨力量惊人，甚至比现在的职业女运动员都强壮。1.C解析．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，史前女性的日常生活充满了繁重的劳动，而不是在男性为生活打拼时呆在家里做些较轻的家务。2.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，以前的研究只把史前女性的骨头与现在的男性相比较，而没有考虑到其他的可能性，也就是缺少足够的比较。3.C解析：代词指代题。根据第三段第一句中的"becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen"可知，男性骨头对于压力和变化的反应比女性要大得多，由此可推断that指代的是前面提及的骨头对压力和变化的反应。4.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容尤其是最后两句可知，研究人员发现，史前女性的手臂力量比现代女性桨手强11%—16%，比不是运动员的女性强30%。C(2018衡水中学高三五调考试）Theysaytheaveragepersonmakes35,000decisionsaday.Yetinhernewbook,HowWomenDecide,ThereseHuston,apsychologistfromSeattleUniversity,exploresawidespreadphenomenonthatmanywomenfailtonotice.''There'sahugedoublestandardwhenitcomestohow

71menandwomenareviewedasdecision-makers,"explainsTherese.Theresedecidedtowritethebookafterlookingatherbookshelf:Atoneend,therewerebestsellingbooksabouthowtobeabrilliantdecision-maker—allwrittenbymenandfeaturinginterviewswithmenlikeathletes.Attheotherendwerebooksaimedatwomenongainingleadershipskillsandconfidence."Oncethosewomenareatthetable,willtheirdecisionsbetakenasseriouslyasmen's?"Theresewondered."Menarerespectedasdecision-makersmorethanwomen,especiallyintheworkplace,largelybecausethere'sthisculturalbeliefthatwomenareunabletomakesmartchoicesatwork."So,Theresesetouttopickapartthestereotypes（固有印象）toseewhatscientificresearchhadfound."Scientificresearchshowsthatmenandwomenstrugglewithdecision-makingequally.TheonlydisadvantageIfoundwasthatduringtheteenageyears—teenagegirlsaremoreindecisivethanteenageboysOtherwise,there'slittledifferencebetweenthegenders（性别）．＂However,therearesomedifferences."Womenaremorecollaborative（协作的），“saysTherese."Afemalebossismorelikelytoasktheopinionsofthosearoundherwhenmakingachoice.Womenaskforinput,whichhelpsmakebetterdecisions.However,thisisoftenseenasaweaknessratherthanastrength."Theresealsofoundthatduringtimesofstress,menandwomenmakedifferentchoices,andtheoutcomesareoftenbetterwhenwomenareinvolved.Studyafterstudybacksthisviewup.NeuroscientistsMaraMatherandNicoleLighthallfromtheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniastudiedthewaymenandwomenmakedecisionsandfoundthatintimesofstress,theyreactverydifferently.Duringtheirstudy,whichinvolvedplayingavirtualgambling（赌博）game,theyfoundthatwhenthefemalesbecamestressed,theymadesmartdecisions—quittingwhiletheywereaheadortakingsafebets.Butwhenthemenbecame

72stressed,theydidtheopposite,riskingeverythingforaslimchanceofabigwin.1.WhydidThereseHustonwriteherbookHowWomenDecide?A.Womenarelessrespectedasdecision-makers.B.Womenarenotequallytreatedinworkplaces.C.Womenareunabletomakesmartchoices.D.Womenarepooratmakingbigdecisions.2.Whatiswomen'sweaknessindecision-makingaccordingtoThereseHuston?A.Mencanmakequickerdecisionsthanwomen.B.Womeneasilygetstressedwhenmakingdecisions.C.Womenarelikelytoaskforinputwhenmakingdecisions.D.Teenagegirlsarelessabletomakedecisionsthanteenageboys.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Womenshowlessconfidenceintimesofstress.B.Mentendtomakeriskydecisionsintimesofstress.C.Mendemonstrategreatbraveryintimesofstress.D.Womenquitmakingdecisionswhenaheadingames.4.What'sTherese'sfinalconclusionaccordingtothetext?A.Womenarebrilliantasdecision-makers.B.Menareweakerinmakingsmartdecisions.C.Weshouldgiveupallculturalbeliefsaboutgenders.D.Greatdifferenceexistsbetweenthetwogendersindecision-making.答案：【语篇解读】本文通过介绍《理性的抉择：女性如何做决定》一书中的内容，说明男性与女性在做决定时存在巨大差异。lA解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Menarerespectedasdecision-makers

73morethanwomen..."可知，在决策时，男性比女性会获得更多的尊重，因此她决定写一本书想讨论这一固有印象是否正确。2.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“TheonlydisadvantageIfoundwasthatduringtheteenageyears—teenagegirlsaremoreindecisivethanteenageboys."可知，在青少年时期，女孩的决策能力不如男孩。3.B解析推理判断题。根据最后—段中的"..whenthefemalesbecamestressed,theymadesmartdecisions—quittingwhiletheywereaheadortakingsafebets.Butwhenthemenbecamestressed,theydidtheopposite,riskingeverythingforaslimchanceofabigwin."可知，在有压力时，女性更容易作出明智的决策，而男性则更倾向千冒险的决定。4.D解析：推理判断题。文章第三、四、五段从不同角度阐述了结论，特别是根据第三段最后一句“Otherwise,there'slittledifferencebetweenthegenders（性别）．”和第五段第一句“Theresealsofoundthatduringtimesofstress,menandwomenmakedifferentchoices..."可知，特蕾泽最后得出的结论是两性在作出决策时存在差异。D(2018高考考前适应性考试）Atleast35percentofBeijinghouseholdswillbecoveredbyfamilydoctorserviceattheendofthisyear.Alllocalhouseholdswillenjoytheserviceasof2020,accordingtotheMunicipalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.ItisgoodthatChinesecommunitiescanexpectmoregeneralpractitioners（从业者），whodonotspecializeinanyparticularareaofmedicinebutwhoareabletotreatthegeneralhealthproblemsforpeopleofallages.Bytheendoflastyearover8millionresidentsinBeijinghadreportedlysignedupforfamilydoctorservices,accountingformorethan40percentofthecity'spermanentpopulation.Since2009Chinahaslaunchedscoresofprogramsnationwidetoensurecitizenshavefaireraccesstoelementarypublichealthservices,amongwhichthe

74introductionoffamilydoctorshasbeenoneofthemostsuccessful.Someregionshaveissuedguidelinesonthepromotionofthefamilydoctorservice.Andfourmonthsago,PremierLiKeqiangsaidinthisyear'sGovernmentWorkReportthattheserviceshouldcoveratleast85percentoftheChinesecitiesthisyear.Theexpandingcoverage,however,maynotguaranteemoreresidentswillbeofferedqualitymedicalservices.Familydoctorsinsomeplacesrarelyvisitthefamiliestheyareassignedto,andsomeofthemhavebeenstrugglingtosolvepatientsproblemseitherbecauseoftheirunfitnessorbecausetheyhavetoomanyhouseholdstoattendto.Insomecases,afamilydoctormightbeassignedtoseehundredsofresidentsadayThathighlightstheneedtobetterthearrangementofmedicalresourcesandtoofferproperencouragementtofamilydoctors,whoshouldgetpatientstomakeappointmentsratherthanemploytemporaryarrangements.1.HowmanypermanentpeoplewerelivinginBeijingbytheendoflastyear?A.About20million.B.About8million.C.About85million.D.About32million.2.Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetopublichealthservices?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.3.Fromthefifthparagraphwecaninferthat_.A.somefamilydoctorsseldomvisittheassignedfamiliesB.someresidentscan'tgetqualitymedicalservicesC.somefamilydoctorshavenoabilityD.thenewprogramstillfacessomeproblems4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FamilyDoctor'sQualityServiceMatters

75B.MedicalResourcesinChinaC.Beijing'sPermanentPopulationin2017D.TheIntroductionofFamilyDoctors答案：【语篇解读】本文主要讲了家庭医生服务将会逐渐普及。l.A解析：数字计算题。由第二段中的“Bytheendoflastyearover8millionresidentsinBeijinghadreportedlysignedupforfamilydoctorservices,accountingformorethan40percentofthecity'spermanentpopulation."可知8/40%=20,故选A项。2.B解析：观点态度题。由第三段中的“Andfourmonthsago,PremierLiKeqiangsaidinthisyear'sGovernmentWorkReportthattheserviceshouldcoveratleast85percentoftheChinesecitiesthisyear."可知政府对公共卫生服务持赞成态度，故选B项。3.D解析：推理判断题。第五段主要讲了这项工程在实施的过程中，所存在的一些实际问题，故选D项。4.A解析．标题日纳题。由第一段可知这篇文章主要讲了家庭医生服务将会逐渐普及，故选A项。