easy guide to health & safety 健康与安全简易指南（3-2）

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1、EasyGuidetoHealthandSafetyControlofsafetyhazards●131(c)Mitigate:theconsequencesofafallbyminimisingthedistanceandchoosingsuitablefallarrestequipment.(d)Givecollective:protectivemeasures(e.g.guardrails,nets,airbags)prec-edenceoverpersonalprotectivemeasur

2、eslikeasafetyharness.4.9.2ScaffoldsScaffoldsprovidethesafestworkplatformsandmustbeerectedanddis-mantledbycompetentspecialists.Theyrequireinspectionsbeforeuseandevery7daysthereafterwheninuse.4.9.3Ladders◆Onlyuseladdersforlowrisktasksofshortduration,that

3、islessthan6metreshigh,lightwork,nosignificantsidewaysoroutwardforces,Chapter4securehandholdmaintained.41Figure4.25Correctangleforladder.132●EasyGuidetoHealthandSafetyChapter4AttachpaintcansandtheliketotheladderPoleladderinuseFigure4.26Useofladders–maint

4、ainthreepointcontact.◆Useasaferalternativewhenpossible.◆Placeonafirmsolidhorizontalbase.◆Leanatthecorrectangle1metreoutforeveryfourmetresup(rungsareabout1/3metreapart)(Fig.4.25).Controlofsafetyhazards●133◆Allladdersshouldbesecuredfromfalling.Thisisdone

5、bytyingatthetop.◆Alwaysmaintain‘3pointcontact’whenascendingordescendingi.e.twohandsonefootortwofeetonehand(Fig.4.26).4.9.4Stepladders◆Usestepladdersonafirmhorizontalbase.◆Ensuretheyarelongenoughforthetask.◆Openthelegsoutfully.◆Usefront-onwithoutanysidel

6、oadingtoupsettheirstability.◆Theyshouldbefittedwithatoploophandrail.Donotstandonthesmalltopplatform.Platformsshouldonlybeusediftheyaredesignedforaworkplatformwithahandrail,suchasonaChapter4metalwheeledstepladder(Fig.4.27).WrongwayRightwayStepladdertoosh

7、ortStepsatrightheightHazardoverheadNoneedtoover-reachOver-reachingupandsidewaysGoodgriponhandrailNogriponladderWorkingfront-onSideways-ontoworkWearinggoodflatshoesFootonhandrailCleanundamagedstepsWearingslippersFirmlevelbaseLoosetoolsonladderUndamageds

8、tilesSlipperyanddamagedstepsRubbernon-slipfeetallinpositionUnevensoftgroundMeetsBritishorEuropeanstandardsDamagedstilesNon-sliprubberfootmissingFigure4.27Workingwithstepladders.4.9.5RoofworkAccesstoandworkonroofsisoftendangerousandrequi