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1、Structuralanalysisinthesocialsciences4Politicalnetworks:thestructuralperspectiveStructuralanalysisinthesocialsciencesMarkGranovetter,editorOtherbooksintheseriesRonaldBreiger,editor,SocialMobilityandSocialStructureMarkS.MizruchiandMichaelSchwartz,editors,IntercorporateRel
2、a-tions:TheStructuralAnalysisofBusinessBarryWellmanandS.D.Berkowitz,editors,SocialStructures:ANet-workApproachTheseriesStructuralAnalysisintheSocialSciencespresentsap-proachesthatexplainsocialbehaviorandinstitutionsbyreferencetorelationsamongsuchconcretesocialentitiesasp
3、ersonsandorganiza-tions.Thiscontrastswithatleastfourotherpopularstrategies:(1)re-ductionistattemptstoexplainbyafocusonindividualsalone;(2)ex-planationsstressingthecausalprimacyofsuchabstractconceptsasideas,values,mentalharmoniesandcognitivemaps(thus,"structural-ism"onthe
4、Continentshouldbedistinguishedfromstructuralanalysisinthepresentsense);(3)technologicalandmaterialdeterminism;and(4)explanationsusing"variables"asthemainanalyticconcepts(asinthe"structuralequation"modelsthatdominatedmuch1970ssociol-ogy),wherethe"structure"isthatconnectin
5、gvariablesratherthanac-tualsocialentities.The"socialnetwork"approachisanimportantexampleofthestrategyofstructuralanalysis;theseriesalsodrawsonsocialsciencetheoryandresearchthatisnotframedexplicitlyinnetworkterms,butstressestheimportanceofrelationsratherthantheatomization
6、ofre-ductionismorthedeterminismofideas,technology,ormaterialcondi-tions.Thoughthestructuralperspectivehasbecomeextremelypop-ularandinfluentialinallthesocialsciences,itdoesnothaveacoherentidentity,andnoseriesyetpullstogethersuchworkunderasinglerubric.Bybringingtheachievem
7、entsofstructurallyorientedscholarstoawiderpublic,theserieshopestoencouragetheuseofthisveryfruitfulapproach.MarkGranovetterPoliticalNetworksTheStructuralPerspectiveDavidKnokeUniversityofMinnesotaCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSPublishedbythePressSyndicateoftheUniversityofCambridg
8、eThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,CambridgeCB2IRP40West20thStreet,NewYork,NY10011-4211,USA10StamfordRo
