trust and trustworthiness across different age groups

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1、GamesandEconomicBehavior59(2007)364382www.elsevier.com/locate/gebTrustandtrustworthinessacrossdifferentagegroupsMatthiasSuttera,∗,MartinG.Kochera,baUniversityofInnsbruck,AustriabUniversityofAmsterdam,NetherlandsReceived20June2005Availableonline13November2006AbstractWeexaminethedegreeoft

2、rustandtrustworthinessinanexperimentaltrustgamewith662participantsfromsixdifferentagegroups,rangingfrom8-year-oldstoretiredpersons.Althoughbothtrustandtrustwor-thinesshavebeenidentifiedasfundamentalpillarsforefficienteconomicinteractions,economicresearchhasdevotedlittleattentiontomeasurin

3、gtheirstrengthindifferentagegroups.Inourexperimentsubjectsinteractwithmembersofthesameagegroup.Wefindthattrustincreasesalmostlinearlyfromearlychild-hoodtoearlyadulthood,butstaysratherconstantwithindifferentadultagegroups.Trustworthinessprevailsinallagegroups.©2006ElsevierInc.Allrightsres

4、erved.JELclassification:C72;C91Keywords:Trust;Trustworthiness;Age;Experiment;Reciprocity;Inequityaversion1.IntroductionTrustandtrustworthinessarefundamentalpillarsforsmoothandefficientinteractionswhencompletecontractsarenotfeasibleoravailable.Thisistruenotonlywithinfamilies,inneighbor-hoo

5、ds,orschools,butalsoinlargerpublicandprivateorganizations,markets,orpolitics(AlesinaandLaFerrara,2002;Bewley,1999;FehrandFalk,1999;Fehretal.,1993,1997;Glaeseretal.,2000).Itisobviousthatmanyeconomicinteractionsarecharacterizedbyanexchangeoffavors*Correspondingauthor:UniversityofInnsbruck

6、,DepartmentofEconomics(InstitutfuerFinanzwissenschaft),Universitaetsstrasse15,A-6020Innsbruck,Austria.Fax:+435125072788.E-mailaddress:matthias.sutter@uibk.ac.at(M.Sutter).0899-8256/$seefrontmatter©2006ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/j.geb.2006.07.006M.Sutter,M.G.Kocher/Gamesan

7、dEconomicBehavior59(2007)364–382365orgoodsandservices,wherethequalityorquantityoftheexchangecannotbeenforcedstrictly.Withoutmutualtrustandtrustworthiness,mostoftheseexchangeswouldnottakeplace,muchtothedetrimentoftheinvolvedpartiesinparticularandofsocietyingeneral(KnackandKeefer