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1、9-407-062REV:MAY29,2008NITINNOHRIAANTHONYJ.MAYOMARKBENSONLiKa-ShingandtheGrowthofCheungKongWhentimesaretoughyouneedtoaskyourselfifyouareuptoit.DuringtoughtimesI’vealwaysthoughtthatI’muptoit,becauseIamhardworking,frugal,steadfast[and]willingtolearnandbuildac
2、reditablename.—LiKa-Shingquotedina1998documentaryseries,SuccessStoriesIn1949,thesameyearthatChairmanMaoZedongestablishedthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),20-year-oldLiKa-ShinghadalreadyreachedahighlevelofbusinesssuccessinBritish-controlledHongKong.1Asaplastic
3、watchbandandbeltsalesman,Licouldeasilysupporthisentirefamily,includinghiswidowedmotherinChina,andcouldaffordtopaythecollegetuitionsofhisbrotherandsister.Indeed,byage20,Lihadalreadyreachedthefinancialgoalshepromisedhisdyingfatherhewouldstrivetoachieve.Thefol
4、lowingyear,Lidecidedtostarthisownplasticscompany,openingasmallfactoryinNorthernHongKongunderthenameCheungKong.Overthenext50years,LimanagedthegrowthandevolutionofCheungKongintoamultibillion-dollarworldwidefinancialempirewithover200,000employees.2(SeeExhibit1
5、,LiKa-Shing’sBusinessHoldingsThroughFiscalYear2005.)GrowingUpintheShadowoftheRisingSunLiKa-Shingwasbornin1928inChaoChiu(today,“Chaozhou”),acityinGuandongprovinceonChina’sSoutheastshore,locatedslightlyabovetheislandofHongKong.3(SeeExhibit2,ContemporaryMapsof
6、ChinaandHongKong.)LiwastheeldestofsixchildrenwhospenttheirearlyyearsinChaozhou.Li’sfather,LiYuan-jing,wasalocalschoolteacherwhoemphasizedtheimportanceofeducationtoLiandhisotherchildren.SoonafterJapanesemilitaryforcesinvadedManchuriain1931,Japanestablishedco
7、ntrolovertheschoolsintheregion.Asaresult,LiandhisclassmatesweretaughttoreadandwriteinbothJapaneseandChinese.Inthe1930s,theJapaneseoccupyingforcestransformedManchuriaintoamilitarybasetolaunchnewmilitaryforaysintomainlandChina.4(SeeExhibit3,ImportantHistorica
8、lMomentsin19thand20thCenturyHongKong.)AstheSino-JapaneseWarprogressed,ChaozhoubecameincreasinglyuninhabitableforLiandhisfamily.In1938,JapaneseairbombersnearlydestroyedtheschoolinChaozhouwhereLi’sfather
