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1、c12BLBK148-KnightMarch5,200913:2CharCount=AnnualPlantReviews(2009)36,298339www.interscience.wiley.comdoi:10.1111/b.9781405181891.2009.000012.xChapter12PATHOGENESISINMOSSESMichaelLawtonandHemalathaSaidasanBiotechnologyCenterforAgricultureandtheEnvironment,Rutgers,TheStateUn
2、iversityofNewJersey,NewBrunswick,NJ08901-8520,USAAbstract:Physcomitrellapatensisanemergingmodelsystemforfunctionalstud-iesofplantpathogeninteractions.Theabilitytocreategeneknockoutsandsite-specificmutationsinanygene,coupledwithotherfeatures,suchasdominanceofthehaploidphase,
3、simpleanatomicalorganizationandeaseofgrowthandpropa-gation,allowP.patenstobeusedasagreenyeastinexperimentswithpathogensandpathogen-derivedinducersofthedefenceresponse.P.patenshasbeenshowntobesusceptibletoarangeofnecrotrophicbacterialandfungalpathogens,whichareabletoinfecta
4、ndmultiplyontheplant.Manyofthecellularandmolec-ularresponsesofP.patenstoattemptedinfectionaresimilartothoseobservedinseedplants,andincludetheproductionofreactiveoxygenspecies,thesyn-thesisofsecondarymetabolites,changesingenesexpressionandtheactivationofaprogrammedcelldeath
5、pathway(PCD).Pathogen-derivedelicitors,toxinsandpathogen-associatedmolecularpatterns(PAMPs)canalsoinducemanyoftheseresponses.Geneknockoutsconfirmthatthisresponseisundergeneticcon-trolandshowthatthismodelsystemcanbeusedtoexamineotheraspectsofplantpathogeninteractions.Werevie
6、wourcurrentunderstandingofP.patenspathologyanddefenceresponsesanddiscusshowthissystemcanbeusedtostudyplantdefencesignalingpathways,andtocharacterizethefunctionalcontri-butionsofdefencegenestotheexpressionofdiseaseresistance.Wealsodiscusshowgenomicandotherlarge-scaleapproac
7、hesmightbeusedfordenovogenediscoveryinthissystem.Keywords:defenceresponse;diseaseresistance;PAMPs;physcomitrella;plantpathogeninteractions;programmedcelldeath(PCD)Abbreviations:HRhypersensitiveresponseMAMPsmicrobial-associatedmolecularpatternsPAMPspathogen-associatedmolecu
8、larpatternsPCDprogrammedcelldeathR-generesistance-geneROSreactiveoxygenspecies298c12BLBK1
