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1、JournalofRiskResearchVol.11,Nos.12,JanuaryMarch2008,4154NarrativesofriskGasparMairal*Antropologı´aSocial,UniversidaddeZaragoza,SpainRiskisaprobabilisticnotionwhichhasbeenusedbyscientistssincethesixteenthcentury.Itisnotaperceptionbutacalculationoranarration.Thispaperproposesanhistoricalperspectiveto
2、showhowriskjumpedfrommathematicalcalculationtothenarrative.AbookbyDanielDefoe,AJournalofthePlagueYear,whichwaspublishedin1720,isthebestexampleofanearlynarrativeofrisk.TogetherwiththeexampleofDefoesbook,someethnographicepisodesfromSpainaredescribedandanalysed:theprotestagainsttheAlmaraznuclearpowers
3、tation,thesinkingofthePrestigeandthesubsequentoilslick,thefloodingofacampsiteinBiescaswhere86peopledied.Thispapersuggestsanexplorationintothenarrativesofevil,harmandsufferingtoclassifythemintermsofuncertainty,risk,fear,panicandterror.TheDiariesofViktorKlemperer(1996)areusedasthenarrativematerialtob
4、einterpretedinordertoidentifydifferentkindsofnarrative.AlsotheliteraturewrittenbysomeoftheHolocaustsurvivors,PrimoLeviforexample,becomesaveryrelevantsourcetounderstandhowtheidentityofvictimscomesfromanarrativechallenge:totellthetruth.Keywords:narrativesofrisk;probability;danger;narration;historyofr
5、isk;narrativemodelbetweentheactionofnarratingastoryandthetemporalcharacterofhumanexistencethereisacorrelationwhichisnotpurelyaccidental,butitrepresentstheshapeofatransculturalneed.Inotherwords:timebecomeshumantimeifitisarticulatedinanarrativeway,andthenarrationgetsitsfullmeaningwhenitturnsintoacond
6、itionof1timeexistence.(Ricouer1990)Introduction1Between2000and2001IparticipatedinaprojectwhichbroughttogetherseveralEuropeanresearcherswithsomeexperienceinriskresearchinordertoexchangetheirknowledgeandwork.TwoworkshopstookplaceinBirmingham(2000)andMadrid(2001)whereothercolleagues,fromdifferentfield
7、s,wereinvited.Ourdiscussionsanddebatesproducedtwodocuments,SituatedRiskandRepresentingRisk.Wetookasourstartingpointadescriptionofriskinsituationswhichwerefamiliartousthankstoourpastexperienceandatalltimesai
