最新认知功能语言学Cognitive-Functional Linguistics教学讲义ppt课件.ppt

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1、认知功能语言学Cognitive-FunctionalLinguistics–Morejuice!Nothingcouldseemlessremarkablethanaone-year-oldchildrequestingMorejuice!Buttheremarkablefactisthateventhisbabyutterancediffersfromthecommunica-tiveactivitiesofotheranimalspeciesinanumberoffundamentalways.June19,200

2、62RT/CFL/I–Doggiegone!Nothingcouldseemlessremarkablethanaone-year-oldchildcommentingDoggiegone!Buttheremarkablefactisthatnootheranimalsmakedisinterestedcommentstooneanotheraboutmissingdogs.June19,20063RT/CFL/IManyyearsItthustakesmanyyearsofdailyinteractionwithmat

3、urelanguageusersforchildrentoattainadult-likeskills.Thisisalongerperiodoflearningwithmorethingstobelearned–bymanyordersofmagnitude–thanisrequiredofanyotherspeciesontheplanet.June19,20067RT/CFL/ITheInnatenessHypothesisOurabilitytospeakandunderstandanaturallanguage

4、resultsfrom–andismadepossibleby–arichlystruc-turedandbiologicallydeterminedcapacityspecificbothtoourspeciesandtothisdomain.[…]thelanguagefacultyisapartofhumanbiology,tiedupwiththearchitectureofthehumanbrain,anddistinctinpartfromothercognitivefaculties.P.216inS.R.

5、AndersonandD.Lightfoot(2002):TheLanguageOrgan.LinguisticsasCognitivePhysiology.June19,20068RT/CFL/ITheLanguageOrganThepathofdevelopmentwhichweobservesuggeststhatthegrowthoflanguageresultsfromaspecificin-natecapacityratherthanemergingonapurelyinductivebasisfromobs

6、ervationofthelanguagearoundus.Thematuresystemincorporatespropertiesthatcouldnothavebeenlearnedfromobservationoranyplausiblyavailableteaching.Anderson&Lightfoot(2002:2)June19,20069RT/CFL/IArgumentsfortheInnatenessHypothesisSpeedofAcquisitionLanguageisacquiredinare

7、markablyshortperiod,whichwouldnotbepossibleifhumansdidnothaveaninnatelanguagefaculty.PovertyofDataThegrammaracquiredbychildrenismuchmorecomplexthanoneshouldexpectonthebasisofthelanguagedatathechildrenisexposedtofrompeoplearoundthem.LanguageUniversalsLanguagesrese

8、mbleeachotherinstructuralfeaturesthatarenotnecessarypropertiesofalanguage.Theseuniversalstructuralpropertiesmustbeexplainedonthebasisofinnateknowledge.June19,2