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1、AmericanEducationGroup51.Introduction2.ElementaryandSecondaryEducation3.HigherEducationIntroductionTheUnitedStateshashadagreatrespectforeducationfromitsearliesttime.EvenbeforetheAmericanRevolution,severaloutstandingcollegeshadbeenfounded.Nowtheentirenationisdividedintothousandsofschooldis
2、tricts,eachprovidesafreeschoolingof12yearstoitsresidents.UndertheUSConstitution,thefederalgovernmenthasnopowertomakelawsinthefieldofeducation.Itisthestategovernmentthatisresponsibleforeducationwithinitsownterritory.Thefederalgovernmentcangivefinancialhelpbutnotordersineducation.Schoolsare
3、providedandmanagedbylocalcommunityboardsofeducation,whosemembersareelected.MostschoolsarerunontaxesbylocaldistrictsandstatesIntheUnitedStateselementaryeducationbeginsattheageofsix.Insomeschoolsystems,elementaryschoolincludesgradesfromonetoeight.Thenextfouryearsarecalledhighschool.Inothers
4、choolsystems,therearethreedivisions:elementaryschool(gradesonetosix),juniorhighschool(gradesseventonine),andseniorhighschool(gradestentotwelve).Elementaryschoolsteachreading,arithmetic,andlanguageartssuchascreativewriting,spelling,andhandwriting.Socialstudies,science,music,art,andphysical
5、educationarealsopartoftheprogram.ClassesareheldfivedaysaweekfromMondaytoFriday.Elementaryteachershaveoftenbeentrainedinschoolsofeducation,andmostofthemhavenormallycompletedtheuniversitydegree.Thestudentsgotohighschoolsautomaticallyafterfinishingtheirelementaryschooleducation.Thereisnoentr
6、anceexamination.Thehighschools,juniorandsenior,haveagoodreputationinthecountry.Theytaketheirresponsibilitiesveryseriously.Theyhaveguidancecounselorstowhomchildrencangoprivatelyiftheyhaveanyspecialproblems,especiallyabouttheircareersAveragetuitionforparochialschoolstudentswasabout$2,600,an
7、dfornondenominationalschoolstudentsatleast$5,000peryearinthemid-1990s.Theaverageteachersalaryinprivateschoolswas$27,300in2007-2008,afractionofthe$43,650earnedbypublicschoolsteachers.Andmaleteachersearnedsubstantiallymorethantheirfemalecounterpartsinbothpublicandpriv
