最新小儿营养性贫血(NUTRITIONAL-ANEMIA)课件PPT.ppt

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1、小儿营养性贫血(NUTRITIONAL-ANEMIA)NewwordsNutritional营养的Megaloblastic巨幼细胞Hamorrhage出血Irritability激惹Lethargy嗜睡Fatigue疲乏Anorexia厌食Appetite食欲Microcytic小细胞的Hypochromic低色素的Thalassemia海洋性贫血Ferroussulfate硫酸亚铁Hookworm钩虫Epistaxis鼻出血Reticulocyte网织红细胞2NutritionalanemiaMegaloblasticanemiavitaminB12deficiency

2、folicaciddeficiencyIrondeficiencyanemiairondeficiency3IroninmilkBothofbreastandcow`smilkarelowinironIronisbetterabsorbedfrombreastmilk(50%)comparedtocow`smilk(10%)Formulamilksarefortifiedwithiron(4%)7Dietarysourcesofiron8DietarysourcesofironRedmeatFortifiedbreakfastcerealsDarkgreenvegetabl

3、esBlackbreadabout10-15%ironofdietaryisabsorbed9IronrequirementsThefetusabsorbsironfromthemotheracrosstheplacenta.Terminfantshaveadequatereserveforthefirst4monthsoflife.Preterminfantshavelimitedironstoresandbecauseoftheirhigherrateofgrowth,theirironreserveswereusedupby8weeksofage.Adolescent

4、salsoneedmoreironbecauseof1.Growthspurt2.Dietarydeficiency3.Menstrualbloodloss10Referencenutrientintakeofironare:6months:4mg/day12months:8mg/dayAdultmale:9mg/dayAdultfemale:15mg/day11（一）thedecreaseofironstoreslowbirthweightpreterminfantshemorrhageCausesofirondeificiency12Causesofirondeific

5、iency（二）Nutritionaldeficiencyiscommonincertainat-riskgroupspreterminfantsrequireironsupplementsfrom6-8weeks.Terminfantswilldevelopirondeficiencyafter4monthsif1.mixedfeedingisundulydelayed2.unmodifiedcow`smilkisintroducedearly.Itiscommoninthefirsttwoyearsofage13Causesofirondeificiency(三）Mal

6、absorptionmaybecomplicatedbyirondeficiencyThechildrenusuallycompanywithanothermalnutrition.14Causesofirondeificiency(四）Bloodlossisalesscommoncauseinchildren,butmayoccurwith:MenstruationHookworminfectionRepeatedvenesectioninbabiesMeckel`sdiverticulumRecurrentepistaxisItistheimportantcauseof

7、IDAinolderchildren15ClinicalfeaturesMildirondeficiencyanemiaisasymptomaticMoreseveremaybeirritabilityLethargyFatigueanorexia16Signs:palloroftheskinandmucousmembranes.Hb<70g/L,tachycardiaandcardiacdilationoccur,andsystolicmurmursareoftenpresentIDAininfancyandea